CN101302095B - 复合建渣工业废渣节能型自保温外墙板及其生产方法 - Google Patents

复合建渣工业废渣节能型自保温外墙板及其生产方法 Download PDF

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CN101302095B
CN101302095B CN200810045462XA CN200810045462A CN101302095B CN 101302095 B CN101302095 B CN 101302095B CN 200810045462X A CN200810045462X A CN 200810045462XA CN 200810045462 A CN200810045462 A CN 200810045462A CN 101302095 B CN101302095 B CN 101302095B
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罗吉祥
罗正宇
文传书
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种复合建渣工业废渣节能型自保温外墙板及其生产方法。本发明提供了三种不同厚度范围的复合建渣工业废渣节能型自保温外墙板的生产配方,并提供了其生产方法。本发明复合建渣工业废渣节能型自保温外墙板及其生产方法把墙体材料、保温材料融为一体一次生产成型,可机械化自动化流水线生产,开发出了以多种废渣为外墙体材料主要原料,农业的麦秆、秸秆及其他废灰渣为外墙体保温材料的复合建渣工业废渣节能型自保温外墙板,废物利用,环保节能;该产品抗震、抗压、抗冲击、抗冻抗风化、抗腐蚀抗老化,耐磨性能好,无毒害无污染,吸潮、吸水、膨胀收缩性好;另外本产品配方简单,成本低廉,具有较高的性价比。

Description

复合建渣工业废渣节能型自保温外墙板及其生产方法
技术领域
本发明涉及环保建筑材料技术领域,具体地说,是涉及一种复合建渣工业废渣节能型自保温外墙板及其生产方法。 
背景技术
随着时代的发展,人们对于工作生活的环境要求提高,因而对建筑材料本身的环保性能以及节能性能的要求越来越高。现在市面上使用的几大类外墙保温材料如混凝土保温砂浆、聚苯保温砂浆、波化微珠保温砂浆、聚苯泡沫保温板及聚苯挤塑保温板贴块等,这些材料虽然具备一定的保温性能,但大都不符合房屋建筑规范用材标准,一是材料不具备防火性能,材料的加工和使用都未进行防火处理,一遇火灾便会快速燃烧,排放出大量的有害气体和烟雾,严重威胁人们的生命安全;二是上述外墙保温材料的安装施工方法都使用涂、抹、贴、粘等方法附着在已竣工的外墙体表面上,难以控制和保证保温层材料的使用质量和寿命,并会带来众多的安全隐患,三是有机材料制作的外墙保温材料价格昂贵,难以推广应用。 
工业废渣如粉煤灰、炉渣和尾矿渣等的利用以及农业生产的废秸秆的利用都是非常重要的课题,上述废弃物已成为占用土地,浪费资源。污染环境,危害人类生存与健康的障碍,将上述废弃物进行开发利用,一是变废为宝,既节约了土地资源又节约了能源,二是在减少环境污染的情况下创造社会效益和经济效益。本发明人在认真总结上述外墙保温材料存在的缺陷的基础上,利用工业废渣和农业废秸秆研发出节能环保价廉的自保温外墙板新材料。 
发明内容
本发明的目的旨在为用户提供一种复合建渣工业废渣节能型自保温外墙板,它是由外墙体,保温材料,结构孔,内墙体等四部分组成。自保温外墙板按其不同厚度可以满足不同纬度地区的房屋外墙体的建筑和保温节能要求。自保温墙板的厚度为120-370mm,所列骨架性材料成分既可以单独使用又可以几 种材料复合使用,其配方如下: 
所列骨架性材料成分既可以单独使用又可以几种材料复合使用, 
所列骨架性材料成分既可以单独使用又可以几种材料复合使用, 
120-150毫米复合建渣工业废渣节能型自保温外墙板的成分重量比组成为: 
骨架性材料            建渣、炉渣、非金属矿石30-90 
填充料                烟道灰、尾矿砂、秸秆粉、粉煤灰8-40 
胶凝材料              普通硅酸盐水泥12-36 
保温材料及辅助材料    稻草麦秆混保温板10-20(1.56-3.12平方米) 
                      防蛀剂0.5-1 
                      防腐剂0.8-1.2 
                      干燥剂0.3-1 
                      防火剂(防火粉)1.2-2.4 
包装材料              塑料薄膜3.2-5平方米 
                      无纺布3.2-5平方米 
内墙体材料            建渣、工业灰渣、粉煤灰、炉灰、尾矿砂30-60 
胶凝材料              普通硅酸盐水泥8-40 
                      干胶粉0.5-1 
180-240毫米复合建渣工业废渣节能型自保温外墙板的成分重量比组成为: 
骨架性材料            建渣、炉渣、非金属矿石35-70 
填充料                烟道灰、尾矿砂、秸秆粉、粉煤灰共35-50 
胶凝材料              普通硅酸盐水泥14-42 
保温材料及辅助材料    稻草麦秆混保温板10-20(1.56-3.12平方米) 
                      防蛀剂0.6-1 
                      防腐剂0.9-1.5 
                      干燥剂0.4-1 
                      防火剂(防火粉)1.4-2.2 
包装材料              塑料薄膜3.3-5平方米 
                      无纺布3.3-6平方米 
内墙体材料   建渣、工业灰渣、粉煤灰、炉灰、尾矿砂34-68 
胶凝材料     普通硅酸盐水泥10-40 
             干胶粉1-2 
240-370毫米复合建渣工业废渣节能型自保温外墙板的成分重量比组成为: 
骨架性材料            建渣、炉渣、非金属矿石80-90 
填充料                烟道灰、尾矿砂、秸秆粉、粉煤灰共14-42 
胶凝材料              普通硅酸盐水泥12-48 
保温材料及辅助材料    麦秆稻草保温板10-20(1.56-3.12平方米) 
                      防蛀剂0.8-1.6 
                      防腐剂1-2 
                      干燥剂0.5-1.5 
                      防火剂(防火粉)1.8-2.6 
包装材料              塑料薄膜3.5-6平方米 
                      无纺布3.5-5平方米 
内墙体材料            建渣、工业灰渣、粉煤灰、炉灰、尾矿砂37-74 
胶凝材料              普通硅酸盐水泥13-42 
                      干胶粉1-2.5 
复合建渣工业废渣节能型自保温外墙板: 
复合建渣工业废渣节能型自保温外墙板经破碎、筛选、计量配比的骨架性材料:建渣、非金属矿渣,填充料:粉煤灰等,胶凝材料:普通硅酸盐水泥,干胶粉,混合一体输送至强制式搅拌机内,先干料搅拌1-2分钟,再加入按水灰比计量的水混合搅拌2-3分钟,原料必须搅拌均匀成熟料,再由输送系统输送到模式振动挤压机成型腔内,将原料布放均匀,启动振动挤压成型机振动挤压成型; 
把已加工完毕,完成防护处理和包装的稻草保温材料,输送到已振动挤压成型的外墙体材料面上布好,再将部分外墙体原材料输送至成型腔内的保温材料层面上均匀布放后启动振动挤压成型机进行振动挤压成型,使保温材料,外墙体材料牢固的胶凝为一体;将预先按结构孔孔洞要求的孔洞成型管,由一端向另一端预留的结构成型孔穿入,并按规定的尺寸要求布放整齐; 
将加工、计量配比的内墙材料:工业灰渣从外墙体骨架性材料中筛选出小于1cm的小颗粒和粉料与凝胶材料:普通硅酸盐水泥,干胶粉混合输入搅拌机内,先干料搅拌1-2分钟,再加入按水灰比计量的水混合搅拌2-3分钟,搅拌均匀成熟料,再由输送系统输送到模式振动挤压机成型腔内,布放均匀,再次启动振动挤压成型机将内墙体材料振动挤压成型,使内墙材料与结构孔、保温材料和外墙体材料胶凝为一体; 
在完成内墙体材料振动挤压成型20-30分钟后,可抽出布放在成型腔内的结构成型管,抽管时要仔细观察内墙体面是否有坍塌裂纹出现,如果出现此情况,可适当延长取管时间,在出现裂纹的地方,待取出成型管20分钟后,在裂纹处洒上少许水,撒上干水泥用泥掌用力抹平即可; 
完成上述生产工序后,要将生产成型的板材输送到生产场地养护24至36小时,即可起板检查,运至堆码场地用水进行堆码养护,养护期为20-25天,即得成品。 
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下特点: 
把墙体材料、保温材料融为一体一次生产成型,可机械化自动化流水线生产,解决了外墙体保温材料的生产工艺和方法;开发出了以多种废渣为外墙体材料主要原料,农业的麦秆、秸秆及其他废灰渣为外墙体保温材料的复合建渣工业废渣节能型自保温外墙板,废物利用,环保节能;该产品抗震、抗压、抗冲击、抗冻抗风化、抗腐蚀抗老化,耐磨性能好,无毒害无污染,吸潮、吸水、膨胀收缩性好;另外本产品配方简单,成本低廉,具有较高的性价比。 
具体实施方式
实施例1 
骨架性材料            建渣20公斤、炉渣10公斤、非金属矿石20 
                      公斤、磷矿渣15公斤 
填充料                粉煤灰10公斤 
胶凝材料              普通硅酸盐水泥25公斤 
保温材料及辅助材料    稻草保温板10公斤(1.56平方米) 
                      防蛀剂0.5公斤 
                      防腐剂0.8公斤 
                      干燥剂0.3公斤 
              防火剂(防火粉)1.2公斤 
包装材料      塑料薄膜3.2平方米 
              无纺布3.2平方米 
内墙体材料    建渣15公斤、工业灰渣15公斤、粉煤灰10 
              公斤、尾矿砂10公斤 
胶凝材料      普通硅酸盐水泥20公斤 
              干胶粉0.5公斤 
按照说明书所述生产方法制得120毫米厚每平方米重量为100公斤的复合建渣工业废渣节能型自保温外墙板。 
实施例2 
骨架性材料            建渣30公斤、非金属矿石20公斤 
填充料                粉煤灰25公斤 
胶凝材料              普通硅酸盐水泥30公斤 
保温材料及辅助材料    稻草麦秆混合保温板15公斤(2.34平方米) 
                      防蛀剂0.6公斤 
                      防腐剂0.9公斤 
                      干燥剂0.4公斤 
                      防火剂(防火粉)1.4公斤 
包装材料              塑料薄膜3.3平方米 
                      无纺布3.3平方米 
内墙体材料            建渣40公斤、烟道灰30公斤 
胶凝材料              普通硅酸盐水泥30公斤 
                      干胶粉1公斤 
按照说明书所述生产方法制得180毫米厚每平方米重量为120公斤的复合建渣工业废渣节能型自保温外墙板。 
实施例3 
骨架性材料           建渣60公斤、非金属矿石10公斤 
填充料                粉煤灰20公斤、秸秆粉10公斤、烟道灰1 
                      公斤 
胶凝材料              普通硅酸盐水泥30公斤 
保温材料及辅助材料    稻草麦秆混合保温板15公斤(2.34平方米) 
                      防蛀剂1公斤 
                      防腐剂0.5公斤 
                      干燥剂0.5公斤 
包装材料              塑料薄膜3.3平方米 
                      无纺布3.3平方米 
内墙体材料            炉灰30公斤、工业灰渣30公斤 
胶凝材料              普通硅酸盐水公斤泥25公斤 
                      干胶粉1公斤 
按照说明书所述生产方法制得240毫米厚每平方米重量为130公斤的复合建渣工业废渣节能型自保温外墙板。 
实施例4 
240-370毫米复合灰渣节能型自保温外墙板的成分重量比组成为: 
骨架性材料            建渣50公斤、炉渣20公斤、非金属矿石20 
                      公斤 
填充料                烟道灰20公斤 
胶凝材料              普通硅酸盐水泥40公斤 
保温材料及辅助材料    麦秆保温板20公斤(3.12平方米) 
                      防蛀剂1公斤 
                      防腐剂1公斤 
                      干燥剂0.8公斤 
包装材料              塑料薄膜3.5平方米 
                      无纺布3.5平方米 
内墙体材料            粉煤灰20公斤、炉灰25公斤、尾矿砂20公斤 
胶凝材料    普通硅酸盐水泥25公斤 
            干胶粉1公斤 
按照说明书所述生产方法制得370毫米厚每平方米重量为140公斤的复合建渣工业废渣节能型自保温外墙板。 

Claims (1)

1.复合建渣工业废渣节能型自保温外墙板,其特征在于:本自保温墙板的厚度为240-370mm,其配方如下: 
所列骨架性材料成分既可以单独使用又可以几种材料复合使用,240-370毫米复合建渣工业废渣节能型自保温外墙板的成分重量比组成为: 
骨架性材料                             建渣、炉渣、非金属矿石80-90 
填充料                                    烟道灰、尾矿砂、秸秆粉、粉煤灰共14-42 
胶凝材料                                 普通硅酸盐水泥12-48 
保温材料及辅助材料                麦秆稻草保温板10-20                
防蛀剂                                     0.8-1.6 
防腐剂                                     1-2
干燥剂                                     0.5-1.5 
防火剂                                     1.8-2.6 
包装材料                                  塑料薄膜3.5-6平方米 
                                                无纺布3.5-5平方米 
内墙体材料                               建渣、工业灰渣、粉煤灰、炉灰、尾矿砂37-74 
胶凝材料                                  普通硅酸盐水泥13-42 
干胶粉                                      1-2.5 
上述原材料中经破碎、筛选、计量配比的骨架性材料:建渣、非金属矿渣,填充料:粉煤灰等,胶凝材料:普通硅酸盐水泥,干胶粉,混合一体输送至强制式搅拌机内,先干料搅拌1-2分钟,再加入按水灰比计量的水混合搅拌2-3分钟,原料必须搅拌均匀成熟料,再由输送系统输送到模式振动挤压机成型腔内,将原料布放均匀,启动振动挤压成型机振动挤压成型; 
     把已加工完毕,完成防护处理和包装的稻草保温材料,输送到已振动挤压成型的外墙体材料面上布好,再将部分外墙体原材料输送至成型腔内的保温材料层面上均匀布放后启动振动挤压成型机进行振动挤压成型,使保温材料,外墙体材料牢固的胶凝为一体;将预先按结构孔孔洞要求的孔洞成型管,由一端向另一端预留的结构成型孔穿入,并按规定的尺寸要求布放整齐,
     将加工、计量配比的内墙材料:工业灰渣从外墙体骨架性材料中筛选出小于1cm的小颗粒和粉料与胶凝材料:普通硅酸盐水泥,干胶粉混合输入搅拌机内,先干料搅拌1-2分钟,再加入按水灰比计量的水混合搅拌2-3分钟,搅拌均匀成熟料,再由输送系统输送到模式振动挤压机成型腔内,布放均匀,再次启动振动挤压成型机将内墙体材料振动挤压成型,使内墙体材料与结构孔、保温材料和外墙体材料胶凝为一体; 
     在完成内墙体材料振动挤压成型20-30分钟后,可抽出布放在成型腔内的结构成型管,抽管时要仔细观察内墙体面是否有塌陷裂纹出现,如果出现此情况,可适当延长取管时间。在出现裂纹的地方,待取出成型管20分钟后,在裂纹处洒上少许水,撒上干水泥用泥掌用力抹平即可; 
完成上述生产工序后,要将生产成型的板材输送到生产场地养护24至36小时,便可起板检查,运至堆码场地用水进行堆码养护,养护期为20-25天,即得成品。
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