CN101296037B - Device and method for optically controlled and adjustable optical delay line based on silicon-based microring - Google Patents
Device and method for optically controlled and adjustable optical delay line based on silicon-based microring Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种光通信技术领域的装置和方法，具体是一种基于硅基微环的光控可调光延迟线的装置和方法。The present invention relates to a device and method in the technical field of optical communication, in particular to a device and method for an optically controlled and adjustable optical delay line based on a silicon-based microring.
背景技术Background technique
光缓存技术是一种新兴的用以解决全光光交换网络以及计算机全光互连中数据包竞争的一项关键技术。特别地，采用微纳米波导结构的片上光缓存技术能应用于集成光路中。近来兴起的绝缘体上硅结构技术为光电集成器件提供了一个良好的平台，该结构的制作工艺与CMOS集成电路工艺完全兼容，制作的器件结构紧凑，尺寸可以达到亚微米级。光缓存的本质就是光延迟线，一般需要利用材料色散或结构色散引起的谐振增强效应以减小延迟线的长度。材料色散引起的谐振增强一般要利用材料的非线性效应，需要很高的控制光功率；结构色散引起的谐振增强通过设计谐振腔的结构，利用器件的线性效应实现延迟，具有更大的灵活性。Optical buffering technology is an emerging key technology to solve the data packet competition in all-optical switching network and computer all-optical interconnection. In particular, the on-chip optical buffer technology using micro-nano waveguide structures can be applied to integrated optical circuits. The recently emerging silicon-on-insulator structure technology provides a good platform for optoelectronic integrated devices. The fabrication process of this structure is fully compatible with the CMOS integrated circuit process, and the fabricated devices are compact in structure and can reach submicron in size. The essence of an optical buffer is an optical delay line, and it is generally necessary to use the resonance enhancement effect caused by material dispersion or structural dispersion to reduce the length of the delay line. The resonance enhancement caused by material dispersion generally needs to use the nonlinear effect of the material, which requires a high control of optical power; the resonance enhancement caused by structural dispersion is more flexible by designing the structure of the resonator and using the linear effect of the device to achieve delay. .
经对现有技术文献的检索发现，Fengnian Xia等人发表在自然光子学2007年第一期的文章“Ultracompact optical buffers on a silicon chip”(硅基片上超小型光缓存)，该文中在硅片上制作出了一个超小的光缓存器。该装置中，设计了级联了最多达100个的单端耦合的环形谐振腔构成的延迟线以及相互耦合的环形谐振腔构成的延迟线，能对20Gb/s的真实数据延迟10比特。该方法虽然提供的延迟量大，但不足之处在于延迟量固定不可调，缺乏灵活性。而很多应用场合需要光缓存的延迟可调。After searching the existing technical documents, it was found that Fengnian Xia et al. published the article "Ultracompact optical buffers on a silicon chip" (ultracompact optical buffers on a silicon chip) in the first issue of Nature Photonics in 2007. An ultra-small optical buffer was fabricated on the Internet. In this device, a delay line composed of cascaded up to 100 single-ended coupled ring resonators and a delay line composed of mutually coupled ring resonators is designed, which can delay 10 bits of real data at 20Gb/s. Although this method provides a large amount of delay, the disadvantage is that the delay amount is fixed and not adjustable, and lacks flexibility. In many applications, the delay of the optical buffer needs to be adjustable.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于针对上述现有技术的不足，提出了一种基于硅基微环的光控可调光延迟线的装置和方法，该技术利用硅基微环谐振腔的线性效应进行延迟，通过光泵浦注入产生的热效应对延迟进行调节，即通过光泵浦使硅基微环的温度升高，折射率发生变化，导致谐振峰的红移，从而等效于改变了输入信号的波长，也即信号通过硅基微环的延迟量发生了变化。本发明具有精确调节延迟量的优点，因为改输入泵浦功率的控制可以使延迟量从0到最大值范围内连续可调，达到对信号的延迟量进行精确的微调。The purpose of the present invention is to address the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, and propose a device and method for an optically controlled and adjustable optical delay line based on a silicon-based microring. This technology utilizes the linear effect of the silicon-based microring resonant cavity to delay, The delay is adjusted by the thermal effect generated by the optical pump injection, that is, the temperature of the silicon-based microring is increased by optical pumping, and the refractive index changes, resulting in a red shift of the resonance peak, which is equivalent to changing the wavelength of the input signal. , that is, the amount of delay of the signal passing through the silicon-based microring changes. The invention has the advantage of precisely adjusting the delay amount, because the control of the input pump power can make the delay amount continuously adjustable from 0 to the maximum value, so as to achieve precise fine-tuning of the signal delay amount.
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
本发明涉及的基于硅基微环的光控可调光延迟线的装置，包括：数据包发射机、泵浦控制光产生系统，硅基微环及其耦合系统、数据包延迟测量系统。其中：数据包发射机和泵浦控制光产生系统同时与硅基微环及其耦合系统相连，从硅基微环输出的光输入到数据包延迟测量系统来计算数据包的相对延迟量。The silicon-based microring-based optically controllable optical delay line device of the present invention includes: a data packet transmitter, a pump control light generation system, a silicon-based microring and its coupling system, and a data packet delay measurement system. Among them: the data packet transmitter and the pump control light generation system are connected to the silicon-based microring and its coupling system at the same time, and the light output from the silicon-based microring is input to the data packet delay measurement system to calculate the relative delay of the data packet.
所述的数据包发射机包括第一激光器、电信号发生器、电光调制器以及光放大器。其中：第一激光器的输出端口与电光调制器的输入端口相连，电信号发生器输出端口与电光调制器的电信号输入端口相连，电光调制器负责将电信号调制到光上，产生具有特定码型的数据包，光放大器将数据包放大以补偿电光调制器的插入损耗。The data packet transmitter includes a first laser, an electrical signal generator, an electro-optic modulator and an optical amplifier. Among them: the output port of the first laser is connected to the input port of the electro-optic modulator, the output port of the electrical signal generator is connected to the electrical signal input port of the electro-optic modulator, and the electro-optical modulator is responsible for modulating the electrical signal onto the light to generate Type of data packet, the optical amplifier amplifies the data packet to compensate for the insertion loss of the electro-optical modulator.
所述的泵浦控制光产生系统包括第二激光器、高功率光放大器以及可调光衰减器。其中：第二激光器的输出端口和高功率光放大器输入端口相连，高功率光放大器输出端口与可调光衰减器输入端口相连，可以连续改变泵浦光功率的大小。The pump control light generating system includes a second laser, a high-power optical amplifier and an adjustable optical attenuator. Wherein: the output port of the second laser is connected to the input port of the high-power optical amplifier, and the output port of the high-power optical amplifier is connected to the input port of the adjustable optical attenuator, which can continuously change the pumping optical power.
所述高功率光放大器，是指饱和输出功率大于20dBm的光放大器。The high-power optical amplifier refers to an optical amplifier with a saturated output power greater than 20 dBm.
所述的硅基微环及其耦合系统包括硅基环形谐振腔、端面切平的输入裸光纤和输出裸光纤、第一偏振控制器、第二偏振控制器、耦合器、功分器、功率监控器。其中：第一偏振控制器的输入端与数据包发射机的输出相连，第二偏振控制器的输入端和泵浦控制光产生系统的输出相连，第一偏振控制器的输出端和第二偏振控制器的输出端与耦合器的两个输入相连，耦合器的输出与输入裸光纤相连，输入裸光纤将光从光纤耦合到硅基微环中，输出裸光纤用来收集来自硅基微环的光，其输出与功分器的输入端相连，功分器输出功率较大的输出端口与数据包延迟测量系统相连，输出功率较小的输出端口与功率监控器相连。The silicon-based microring and its coupling system include a silicon-based ring resonator, an input bare fiber and an output bare fiber with flattened ends, a first polarization controller, a second polarization controller, a coupler, a power splitter, a power monitor. Wherein: the input end of the first polarization controller is connected with the output of the data packet transmitter, the input end of the second polarization controller is connected with the output of the pump control light generation system, the output end of the first polarization controller is connected with the output of the second polarization The output of the controller is connected to the two inputs of the coupler, and the output of the coupler is connected to the input bare fiber. The input bare fiber couples the light from the fiber to the silicon-based microring, and the output bare fiber is used to collect light from the silicon-based microring. The output of the light is connected to the input end of the power splitter, the output port with higher output power of the power splitter is connected to the data packet delay measurement system, and the output port with smaller output power is connected to the power monitor.
所述的数据包延迟测量系统包括光放大器、可调光带通滤波器、示波器。其中：光放大器与硅基微环及其耦合系统的输出相连，可调光带通滤波器与光放大器的输出相连，以分离出数据包，可调光带通滤波器的输出连到示波器上。The data packet delay measurement system includes an optical amplifier, an adjustable optical band-pass filter, and an oscilloscope. Among them: the optical amplifier is connected to the output of the silicon-based microring and its coupling system, the adjustable optical band-pass filter is connected to the output of the optical amplifier to separate the data packets, and the output of the adjustable optical band-pass filter is connected to the oscilloscope .
本发明利用硅基环形谐振腔对数据包进行延时，该延时量在谐振波长处最大，偏离谐振波长越远，延时量越小。该延时能通过改变注入泵浦控制光功率的办法精确控制。其具体为泵浦光波长位于谐振谱中不同于数据包信号波长的另一谐振峰附近，泵浦光产生的热效应改变硅基微环的折射率，使得硅基微环的谐振谱往低频方向移动，不同的泵浦光功率导致不同的谐振谱的偏移量，从而相当于通过调节数据信号包的波长来控制延时量。The invention utilizes the silicon-based ring resonant cavity to delay the data packet, and the delay is the largest at the resonant wavelength, and the farther away from the resonant wavelength, the smaller the delay. The delay can be precisely controlled by changing the injection pump control light power. Specifically, the wavelength of the pump light is located near another resonance peak different from the wavelength of the data packet signal in the resonance spectrum, and the thermal effect generated by the pump light changes the refractive index of the silicon-based microring, making the resonance spectrum of the silicon-based microring shift toward a lower frequency direction. Different pump optical powers lead to different offsets of the resonance spectrum, which is equivalent to controlling the amount of delay by adjusting the wavelength of the data signal packet.
本发明涉及的基于硅基微环的光控可调光延迟线的方法，包括如下具体步骤：The method for an optically controlled and adjustable optical delay line based on a silicon-based microring according to the present invention comprises the following specific steps:
步骤一，在数据包发射机中，将电信号发生器产生的伪随机序列通过电光调制器调到光上，产生所需要码型的数据包。Step 1: In the data packet transmitter, the pseudo-random sequence generated by the electrical signal generator is adjusted to the light through the electro-optical modulator to generate a data packet of the required pattern.
步骤二，关闭泵浦信号，调节与数据包发射机支路相连的第一偏振控制器，使功率监控器探测到的光的输出功率最大，固定第一偏振控制器的位置。调节数据包信号支路的波长，观察功率监控器的读数，使功率监控器探测到的光功率最小，则数据包波长刚好位于硅基微环的一个谐振峰处。调节数据包延迟测量系统的可调光带通滤波器，使得可调光带通滤波器中心波长和数据包的波长一样。Step 2, turn off the pumping signal, adjust the first polarization controller connected to the branch of the data packet transmitter to maximize the output power of the light detected by the power monitor, and fix the position of the first polarization controller. Adjust the wavelength of the data packet signal branch, observe the readings of the power monitor, and make the optical power detected by the power monitor the minimum, then the wavelength of the data packet is just at a resonance peak of the silicon-based microring. The adjustable optical band-pass filter of the data packet delay measurement system is adjusted so that the central wavelength of the adjustable optical band-pass filter is the same as the wavelength of the data packet.
步骤三，打开产生泵浦光的第二激光器，关闭数据包发射机。调节与泵浦控制光产生系统相连的第二偏振控制器，使功率监控器探测到的光最大，固定该偏振控制器的位置。调节第二激光器的输出波长(不同于数据包信号波长的另一谐振峰位置)，观察功率监控器的读数，使功率监控器探测到的光功率最小，找到硅基微环的另一个谐振峰，再继续增大波长，使功率监控器的读数增大约3dB，将此波长设为泵浦光的波长。Step three, turn on the second laser that generates the pump light, and turn off the data packet transmitter. Adjust the second polarization controller connected to the pump control light generation system to maximize the light detected by the power monitor, and fix the position of the polarization controller. Adjust the output wavelength of the second laser (another resonant peak position different from the wavelength of the data packet signal), observe the reading of the power monitor, minimize the optical power detected by the power monitor, and find another resonant peak of the silicon-based microring , and then continue to increase the wavelength, so that the reading of the power monitor increases by about 3dB, and set this wavelength as the wavelength of the pump light.
步骤四，打开数据包发射机，调节泵浦控制光产生系统的可调光衰减器使衰减最大，在示波器下记录下通过硅基微环及其耦合系统和数据包测量系统后的数据包信号光的波形；连续调节泵浦控制光产生系统的可调光衰减器，记录下输入到裸光纤的泵浦光功率以及对应的波形。Step 4, turn on the data packet transmitter, adjust the adjustable optical attenuator of the pump control light generation system to maximize the attenuation, and record the data packet signal after passing through the silicon-based microring and its coupling system and the data packet measurement system under the oscilloscope Waveform of light; continuously adjust the adjustable optical attenuator of the pump control light generation system, and record the pump light power input to the bare fiber and the corresponding waveform.
步骤五，对于记录的波形，通过单个信号脉冲的边沿或峰值处的位置判断延迟量，这样可以得到一条延迟量随入纤泵浦光功率的定标曲线，通过该定标曲线，可以调节入纤泵浦功率得到需要的延迟量。Step 5: For the recorded waveform, the delay is judged by the position of the edge or peak of a single signal pulse, so that a calibration curve of the delay with the input fiber pump light power can be obtained. Through this calibration curve, the input can be adjusted. Fiber pump power to get the required amount of delay.
所述通过单个信号脉冲的边沿或峰值处的位置判断延迟量，具体方法是以数据包信号完全偏离谐振时的边沿或峰值位置作为参考位置，延迟量为边沿或峰值处位置与参考位置之差。The delay amount is judged by the position at the edge or peak of a single signal pulse. The specific method is to use the edge or peak position when the data packet signal completely deviates from the resonance as the reference position, and the delay amount is the difference between the position at the edge or peak and the reference position. .
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：本发明在数据包的支路上加入了控制光，使得数据包的延迟量可以通过改变控制光的光功率精确可调。而Fengnian Xia等人的装置只能实现固定的延迟量。另外，本发明利用泵浦光产生的热效应调节延迟，由于热效应是最容易产生的效应，因此需要的泵浦功率低。延迟发生变化的阈值功率约为0dBm(输入裸光纤处测得)，使信号波长完全偏离谐振位置的功率约为10dBm。此外，此方法简单，在外部控制，无需在器件的制作上增加额外的部分，使得制作工艺上简单。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention adds control light to the branch of the data packet, so that the delay of the data packet can be precisely adjusted by changing the optical power of the control light. However, the device of Fengnian Xia et al. can only achieve a fixed amount of delay. In addition, the present invention utilizes the thermal effect generated by the pump light to adjust the delay. Since the thermal effect is the most likely effect, the required pumping power is low. The threshold power at which the delay changes is about 0dBm (measured at the input bare fiber), and the power at which the signal wavelength is completely deviated from the resonance position is about 10dBm. In addition, the method is simple and externally controlled without adding additional parts to the fabrication of the device, making the fabrication process simple.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的结构原理图；Fig. 1 is a structural principle diagram of the present invention;
图2为本发明的实施例中实验装置和器件结构图；Fig. 2 is experimental device and device structural diagram in the embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明的实施例结果图。Fig. 3 is the result chart of the embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明的实施例作详细说明：本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施，给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程，但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: this embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures are provided, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following the described embodiment.
如图1所示，本发明基于硅基微环的光控可调光延迟线的装置的结构原理图，包括：数据包发射机、泵浦控制光产生系统、硅基微环及其耦合系统、数据包延迟测量系统。其中：数据包发射机和泵浦控制光同时与硅基微环及其耦合系统相连，从硅基微环输出的光输入到数据包延迟测量系统来计算数据包的相对延迟量。As shown in Figure 1, the structural principle diagram of the device of the optically controlled and adjustable optical delay line based on the silicon-based microring of the present invention includes: a data packet transmitter, a pump control light generation system, a silicon-based microring and its coupling system , Data packet delay measurement system. Among them: the data packet transmitter and the pump control light are connected to the silicon-based microring and its coupling system at the same time, and the light output from the silicon-based microring is input to the data packet delay measurement system to calculate the relative delay of the data packet.
所述的数据包发射机包括第一激光器、电信号发生器、电光调制器、光放大器。其中：第一激光器的输出端口与电光调制器的输入端口相连，电信号发生器输出端口与电光调制器的电信号输入端口相连，电光调制器负责将电信号调制到光上，产生具有特定码型的数据包，光放大器将数据包放大以补偿电光调制器的插入损耗。The data packet transmitter includes a first laser, an electrical signal generator, an electro-optical modulator, and an optical amplifier. Among them: the output port of the first laser is connected to the input port of the electro-optic modulator, the output port of the electrical signal generator is connected to the electrical signal input port of the electro-optic modulator, and the electro-optical modulator is responsible for modulating the electrical signal onto the light to generate Type of data packet, the optical amplifier amplifies the data packet to compensate for the insertion loss of the electro-optical modulator.
所述的泵浦控制光产生系统包括第二激光器、高功率(饱和输出功率大于20dBm)光放大器以及可调光衰减器。其中：第二激光器的输出端口和高功率光放大器输入端口相连，高功率光放大器输出端口与可调光衰减器输入端口相连，可以连续改变泵浦光功率的大小。The pump control light generation system includes a second laser, a high power (saturated output power greater than 20dBm) optical amplifier and an adjustable optical attenuator. Wherein: the output port of the second laser is connected to the input port of the high-power optical amplifier, and the output port of the high-power optical amplifier is connected to the input port of the adjustable optical attenuator, which can continuously change the pumping optical power.
所述的硅基微环及其耦合系统包括硅基环形谐振腔、端面切平的输入裸光纤和输出裸光纤、第一偏振控制器、第二偏振控制器、耦合器、功分器、功率监控器。其中：第一偏振控制器的输入端与数据包发射机的输出相连，第二偏振控制器的输入端和泵浦控制光产生系统的输出相连，第一偏振控制器的输出端和第二偏振控制器的输出与耦合器的两个输入相连，耦合器的输出与输入裸光纤相连，裸光纤将光从光纤耦合到硅基微环中，输出裸光纤用来收集来自硅基微环的光，其输出与功分器的输入端相连，功分器输出功率较大的输出端口与数据包延迟测量系统相连，输出功率较小的输出端口与功率监控器相连。The silicon-based microring and its coupling system include a silicon-based ring resonator, an input bare fiber and an output bare fiber with flattened ends, a first polarization controller, a second polarization controller, a coupler, a power splitter, a power monitor. Wherein: the input end of the first polarization controller is connected with the output of the data packet transmitter, the input end of the second polarization controller is connected with the output of the pump control light generation system, the output end of the first polarization controller is connected with the output of the second polarization The output of the controller is connected to the two inputs of the coupler, and the output of the coupler is connected to the input bare fiber, which couples the light from the fiber into the silicon-based microring, and the output bare fiber is used to collect the light from the silicon-based microring , the output of which is connected to the input end of the power splitter, the output port of the power splitter with larger output power is connected with the data packet delay measurement system, and the output port with smaller output power is connected with the power monitor.
所述的数据包延迟测量系统包括光放大器、可调光带通滤波器、示波器。其中：光放大器与硅基微环及其耦合系统的输出相连，可调光带通滤波器与光纤放大器的输出相连，以分离出数据包，可调光带通滤波器的输出连到示波器上。The data packet delay measurement system includes an optical amplifier, an adjustable optical band-pass filter, and an oscilloscope. Among them: the optical amplifier is connected to the output of the silicon-based microring and its coupling system, the adjustable optical band-pass filter is connected to the output of the optical fiber amplifier to separate data packets, and the output of the adjustable optical band-pass filter is connected to the oscilloscope .
本发明上述的第一偏振控制器、第二偏振控制器、电光调制器等部件的个数可以调整，既可以为一个，也可以为多个。The number of components such as the first polarization controller, the second polarization controller, and the electro-optic modulator mentioned above in the present invention can be adjusted, either one or multiple.
如图2所示，为实施例对归零码格式的数据包进行光控调节延迟的情况。图2(a)是装置图。As shown in FIG. 2 , it is a case where the embodiment performs optical control to adjust the delay of the data packet in the return-to-zero code format. Figure 2(a) is a diagram of the device.
步骤一，在数据包发射机中，第一激光器输出连续光载波送到电光调制器，电信号发生器产生5Gb/s的长度为27-1的伪随机电信号以及5GHz的正弦信号，电光调制器用来将电信号调到光上，产生占空比为50％的归零码。其中电信号发生器包括第一电信号发生器产生伪随机电信号和第二电信号发生器产生正弦信号，以及第一电放大器和第二电放大器以产生能够驱动电光调制器的射频信号；电光调制器包括第一马赫曾德调制器用来将第一电信号发生器产生的伪随机电信号调到光上，产生非归零格式的光信号，第二马赫曾德调制器用来将第二电信号发生器产生的正弦信号调到光上，产生光时钟信号将非归零格式的光信号切割成归零格式；分别位于第一马赫曾德调制器和第二马赫曾德调制器前的第三偏振控制器和第四偏振控制器分别控制第一马赫曾德调制器和第二马赫曾德调制器的偏振态；以及位于第一马赫曾德调制器和第二马赫曾德调制器之间的可调光纤延迟线用来同步非归零格式的光信号和光时钟信号。第一马赫曾德调制器和第二马赫曾德调制器的偏置电压都约为3.1V。第一光放大器包括第一掺铒光纤放大器和第一带通滤波器，将第二马赫曾德调制器的输出放大和滤波后作为最终的数据包信号。Step 1, in the data packet transmitter, the first laser outputs a continuous optical carrier to the electro-optical modulator, and the electrical signal generator generates a 5Gb/s pseudo-random electrical signal with a length of 2 7 -1 and a 5GHz sinusoidal signal, and the electro-optical The modulator is used to tune the electrical signal onto the light, producing a return-to-zero code with a 50% duty cycle. Wherein the electric signal generator comprises that the first electric signal generator produces the pseudorandom electric signal and the second electric signal generator produces the sinusoidal signal, and the first electric amplifier and the second electric amplifier are to produce the radio frequency signal that can drive the electro-optical modulator; The modulator includes a first Mach-Zehnder modulator for adjusting the pseudo-random electrical signal generated by the first electrical signal generator to the light to generate an optical signal in a non-return-to-zero format, and a second Mach-Zehnder modulator for converting the second electrical signal The sinusoidal signal generated by the signal generator is tuned to the light, and the optical clock signal is generated to cut the non-return-to-zero optical signal into the return-to-zero format; the first Mach-Zehnder modulator and the second Mach-Zehnder modulator are located respectively The three polarization controllers and the fourth polarization controller respectively control the polarization states of the first Mach-Zehnder modulator and the second Mach-Zehnder modulator; and are located between the first Mach-Zehnder modulator and the second Mach-Zehnder modulator The tunable fiber optic delay line is used to synchronize the non-return-to-zero format optical signal and optical clock signal. The bias voltages of both the first Mach-Zehnder modulator and the second Mach-Zehnder modulator are about 3.1V. The first optical amplifier includes a first erbium-doped fiber amplifier and a first band-pass filter, and amplifies and filters the output of the second Mach-Zehnder modulator as a final data packet signal.
步骤二，关闭泵浦信号，调节与第一带通滤波器相连的第一偏振控制器使功率监控器探测到的光的输出功率最大，固定第一偏振控制器的位置。其中硅基微环及其耦合系统中用到的耦合器为3dB耦合器，功分器为95:5的功分器。调节第一激光器的波长，观察功率监控器的读数，使功率监控器探测到的光功率最小，则数据包波长刚好位于硅基微环的一个谐振峰处，此时第一激光器的波长为1548.675nm附近，在输入裸光纤处测得的数据包功率为-7dBm。调节数据包延迟测量系统的可调光带通滤波器，使得可调光带通滤波器中心波长也为1548.675nm。Step 2, turn off the pumping signal, adjust the first polarization controller connected to the first bandpass filter to maximize the output power of the light detected by the power monitor, and fix the position of the first polarization controller. The coupler used in the silicon-based microring and its coupling system is a 3dB coupler, and the power splitter is a 95:5 power splitter. Adjust the wavelength of the first laser, observe the readings of the power monitor, and make the optical power detected by the power monitor the minimum, then the wavelength of the data packet is just at a resonance peak of the silicon-based microring, and the wavelength of the first laser is 1548.675 Near the nm, the measured packet power at the input bare fiber is -7dBm. The adjustable optical band-pass filter of the data packet delay measurement system is adjusted so that the central wavelength of the adjustable optical band-pass filter is also 1548.675 nm.
步骤三，打开产生泵浦光的第二激光器，关闭数据包发射机。调节与泵浦控制光产生系统相连的第二偏振控制器，使功率监控器探测到的光最大，固定该偏振控制器的位置。调节第二激光器的输出波长，观察功率监控器的读数，使功率监控器探测到的光功率最小，找到硅基微环的另一个谐振峰，再继续增大波长，使功率监控器的读数增大约3dB，将此波长设为泵浦光的波长，此时泵浦光的波长为1552.860nm。其中泵浦控制光产生系统中的高功率光放大器包括饱和输出功率为21dBm的高功率掺铒光纤放大器以及第二带通滤波器以滤除自发辐射噪声。Step three, turn on the second laser that generates the pump light, and turn off the data packet transmitter. Adjust the second polarization controller connected to the pump control light generation system to maximize the light detected by the power monitor, and fix the position of the polarization controller. Adjust the output wavelength of the second laser, observe the readings of the power monitor, minimize the optical power detected by the power monitor, find another resonance peak of the silicon-based microring, and continue to increase the wavelength to increase the readings of the power monitor. About 3dB, set this wavelength as the wavelength of the pumping light, and the wavelength of the pumping light at this time is 1552.860nm. Wherein the high-power optical amplifier in the pump control optical generation system includes a high-power erbium-doped fiber amplifier with a saturated output power of 21 dBm and a second band-pass filter to filter out spontaneous emission noise.
步骤四，打开数据包发射机，调节泵浦控制光产生系统的可调光衰减器使衰减最大(约60dB衰减)，在示波器下记录下通过硅基微环及其耦合系统和数据包测量系统后的数据包信号光的波形；连续调节泵浦控制光产生系统的可调光衰减器，记录下输入到裸光纤的泵浦光功率以及对应的波形。其中硅基微环的结构图如图2(b)所示。图2(b-i)和(b-ii)为不同放大倍数下硅基微环的俯视图。硅基微环半径为20微米，宽450纳米，直波导和环之间的空气间隙为120纳米。图2(b-iii)为硅基微环的横截面示意图。用来制作硅基微环的绝缘体上的硅结构最上方为250纳米厚的单晶硅，中间是3微米厚的二氧化硅缓冲层，最下面是525微米厚的硅衬底。数据包测量系统中的第二光放大器包括第二掺铒光纤放大器和第三掺铒光纤放大器两级放大。Step 4, turn on the data packet transmitter, adjust the adjustable optical attenuator of the pump control light generation system to maximize the attenuation (about 60dB attenuation), and record the data passing through the silicon-based microring and its coupling system and data packet measurement system under the oscilloscope Waveform of the signal light of the final data packet; continuously adjust the adjustable optical attenuator of the pump control light generation system, and record the pump light power input to the bare fiber and the corresponding waveform. The structure diagram of the silicon-based microring is shown in Figure 2(b). Figure 2(b-i) and (b-ii) are top views of silicon-based microrings under different magnifications. The silicon-based microring has a radius of 20 micrometers and a width of 450 nanometers, with an air gap of 120 nanometers between the straight waveguide and the ring. Figure 2(b-iii) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the silicon-based microring. The silicon-on-insulator structure used to make silicon-based microrings has a 250-nanometer-thick monocrystalline silicon on top, a 3-micron-thick silicon dioxide buffer layer in the middle, and a 525-micron-thick silicon substrate at the bottom. The second optical amplifier in the data packet measurement system includes two-stage amplification of the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier and the third erbium-doped fiber amplifier.
步骤五，对于记录的波形，通过单个信号脉冲的峰值处的位置判断延迟量，这样可以得到一条延迟量随入纤泵浦光功率的定标曲线，通过该定标曲线，可以调节入纤泵浦功率得到需要的延迟量。Step 5, for the recorded waveform, judge the delay amount by the position of the peak value of a single signal pulse, so that a calibration curve of the delay amount versus the optical power of the fiber-introduced pump can be obtained, and the fiber-in pump can be adjusted through the calibration curve Pu power to get the required amount of delay.
如图3所示，是本实施例的结果图。图3(a-i)和(a-ii)分别为硅基微环的两个谐振峰，其中数据包信号波长位于图3(a-i)对应的谐振峰附近，中心波长为1548.675nm。泵浦光波长位于图3(a-ii)对应的谐振峰附近，中心波长为1552.860nm。图3(a-i)对应的谐振峰深度约为8dB，3dB带宽约为0.036nm；图3(a-ii)对应的谐振峰深度约为10dB，3dB带宽约为0.038nm。图3(b)为泵浦功率在-37dBm，3.2dBm，13.6dBm时的数据包信号脉冲波型。当泵浦功率很低时(如-37dBm)，数据包的波长刚好位于谐振峰的中心，延迟量最大。图3(c)为延迟量与泵浦功率的关系曲线，入纤泵浦功率大约在0dBm时延迟量开始减小。泵浦功率从0dBm增加到约10dBm延迟就可从最大延迟量约70ps连续调节到0。图3(d)为谐振处和非谐振处数据包信号通过硅基微环后的误码率曲线，二者的接收机灵敏度只相差不到1dB，可见数据包信号在获得可变延迟的同时信号质量几乎不发生变化。As shown in Figure 3, it is the result graph of this embodiment. Figure 3 (a-i) and (a-ii) respectively show the two resonance peaks of the silicon-based microring, where the wavelength of the data packet signal is located near the resonance peak corresponding to Figure 3 (a-i), and the center wavelength is 1548.675nm. The pump light wavelength is located near the resonance peak corresponding to Fig. 3(a-ii), and the center wavelength is 1552.860nm. Figure 3(a-i) corresponds to a resonance peak depth of about 8dB, and a 3dB bandwidth of about 0.036nm; Figure 3(a-ii) corresponds to a resonance peak depth of about 10dB, and a 3dB bandwidth of about 0.038nm. Figure 3(b) is the pulse waveform of the data packet signal when the pump power is -37dBm, 3.2dBm, 13.6dBm. When the pump power is very low (such as -37dBm), the wavelength of the data packet is just at the center of the resonance peak, and the delay is the largest. Figure 3(c) is the relationship curve between the delay and the pump power, and the delay begins to decrease when the pump power into the fiber is about 0dBm. The pump power increases from 0dBm to about 10dBm, and the delay can be continuously adjusted from the maximum delay of about 70ps to 0. Figure 3(d) shows the bit error rate curves of the data packet signals at the resonant and non-resonant places after passing through the silicon-based microring. The receiver sensitivity difference between the two is less than 1dB. Signal quality hardly changes.
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