CN101290177A - Heat pump -type subway vehicle air conditioner - Google Patents

Heat pump -type subway vehicle air conditioner Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101290177A
CN101290177A CNA2008100376917A CN200810037691A CN101290177A CN 101290177 A CN101290177 A CN 101290177A CN A2008100376917 A CNA2008100376917 A CN A2008100376917A CN 200810037691 A CN200810037691 A CN 200810037691A CN 101290177 A CN101290177 A CN 101290177A
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China
Prior art keywords
condenser
compressor
evaporimeter
valve
heat pump
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CNA2008100376917A
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CN100565043C (en
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顾开春
梅雪莲
周生存
顾克东
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Shanghai Highly Special Refrigeration Equipment Co Ltd
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Shanghai Highly Special Refrigeration Equipment Co Ltd
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Publication of CN101290177A publication Critical patent/CN101290177A/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T30/00Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance

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  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a subway heat pump type air-conditioning structure. An outlet end of a compressor (1) of a heat pump type air-conditioner for a subway vehicle is connected with an input end of a condenser (6) through a refrigeration electromagnetic valve (4) and an exhausting damping pipe (2). An output end of the condenser (6) is connected with an inlet end of the compressor (1) through an air-returning damping pipe (13) and a heating electromagnetic valve A (3'). The outlet end of the compressor (1) is connected with an input end of an evaporator (11) through a heating electromagnetic valve (3) and the exhausting damping pipe (2). An output end of the evaporator (11) is connected with the inlet end of the compressor (1) through the air-returning damping pipe (13) and a refrigeration electromagnetic valve A (4'). The output end of the evaporator (11) is connected with the input end of the condenser (6) through a liquid storage device A (9'), a one-way valve A (7') and a thermostatic expansion valve A (10'). An temperature sensing packet and a capillary of the thermostatic expansion valve A (10') are connected with the output end of the condenser (6). The output end of the condenser (6) is connected with the input end of the evaporator (11) through the liquid storage device (9), the one-way valve (7) and the thermostatic expansion valve (10). The temperature sensing packet and the capillary of the thermostatic expansion valve (10) are connected with the output end of the evaporator (11). The air-conditioning structure is safe, energy-saving, environmentally-friendly and highly effective.

Description

A kind of heat pump-type subway vehicle air conditioner
(1) technical field
The present invention is a kind of air conditioner structure that is used for railcar, particularly a kind of air conditioner structure of subway pump type heat.
(2) background technology
The air-conditioning of subway carriage is to be installed on the railcar, the device that the air of subway passenger carriage is regulated.It can create the comfortableness of Che Neire microenvironment; keep compartment air temperature, humidity, flow velocity, cleanliness factor, noise and overbottom pressure etc. in comfortable critical field, to the physically and mentally healthy of protection passenger and improve its operating efficiency and quality of life has positive role.
The subway air-conditioning needs refrigeration and heating service two big functions, at present China's air conditioner of subway vehicle is except that refrigeration, and warming is all based on the electric heater heating, and the electric heater heating mode is simple to operate, satisfy the requirement of passenger's heating substantially, but electric heater power consumption is too big, and use cost is higher; The thermal efficiency is not high, does not utilize and improves the compartment comfortableness; The hyperthermia radiation on electric heater surface is unfavorable for the security of vehicle.Through scientific and technical literature information retrieval both at home and abroad, the heating of subway is Electric heating.
Heat pump is that a kind of artificial technology of utilization is converted to high temperature heat with low temperature heat energy and reaches the mechanical device of heating effect.Heat pump by low-temperature heat source (as the natural air of surrounding environment, underground water, river, seawater, sewage etc.) heat absorption can, be converted to the higher temperatures thermal source then and be released in the required space (or other zone).This device promptly can be used as heat supply heating equipment, can be used as refrigeration cool-down equipment again, and since the eighties, China's heat pump has had many development in the application study of various occasions.Energy-conservation, characteristics of high efficiency that heat pump heating has.Under certain service condition, to compare with the electric heater of identical power consumption, heat pump can provide the heating load of several times.In addition, heat pump heat supply and electric heater heat supply are compared, and the former conducts heat by cross-ventilation, has avoided the hyperthermia radiation on electric heater surface, helps improving security and improves comfortableness.And this equipment while present situation not high for China's energy use efficiency, maldistribution has also proposed an effective solution.
At present, heat pump type air conditioner is utilized in numerous occasions, has become the technology of a comparative maturity, but the application on railcar is still blank.And subway for a long time under ground, travels suddenly on the ground again sometimes sometimes because the environment of operation is more special, and variations in temperature is bigger; Subway mainly travels under ground, delivers the pedestrian in a large number, relates to personal safety, and is high especially to vehicle and auxiliary facility security requirement thereof; In case the maintenance of breaking down is also difficult more, the reliability of equipment, stability also need be paid attention to and be solved especially under ground, and the aircondition of configuration must possess good anti-vibration and shock-resistant ability, uses to be adapted to special occasions.Moreover, planning heat pump air conditioner is configured on the subway and can holds a concurrent post refrigeration, heat-production functions, its conversion and control more there is special reliable and stable requirement, therefore can not be simply the heat pump type air conditioner of prior art directly be configured on the railcar, must designs pointedly and make to be fit to meet subway specific condition, special requirement.
(3) summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention intends providing a kind of subway aircondition, reduces and reduce fault rate, the stability and the security that improve air-conditioning system.
The objective of the invention is so to realize.
1. heat pump-type subway vehicle air conditioner comprises compressor 1, condenser 6 and is configured in condensation axial flow blower 5, heating power expansion valve 10, the evaporimeter 11 of condenser 6 sidepieces and is configured in the evaporation centrifugal blower 12 of evaporimeter 11 sidepieces, it is characterized in that:
The port of export of described compressor 1 connects described condenser 6 inputs through exhaust damping tube 2, refrigeration magnetic valve 4, and condenser 6 outputs are through heating the entrance point of magnetic valve A3 ', the described compressor 1 of return-air damping tube 13 connections;
The port of export of described compressor 1 through exhaust damping tube 2, heat magnetic valve 3 and connect described evaporimeter 11 inputs, evaporimeter 11 outputs connect the entrance point of described compressor 1 through refrigeration magnetic valve A4 ', return-air damping tube 13;
Evaporimeter 11 outputs are connected to condenser 6 inputs by check valve A7 ', reservoir A9 ' and heating power expansion valve A10 ', and the temperature-sensitive bag of described heating power expansion valve A10 ' and capillary are connected to the output of condenser 6;
Condenser 6 outputs are connected to evaporimeter 11 inputs by check valve 7, reservoir 9 and heating power expansion valve 10, and the temperature-sensitive bag of described heating power expansion valve 10 and capillary are connected to the output of evaporimeter 11.
2. according to technical scheme 1 described heat pump-type subway vehicle air conditioner, it is characterized in that described connection, all connect for pipeline by the circulation of cold media matter.
3. according to technical scheme 1 described heat pump-type subway vehicle air conditioner, it is characterized in that between check valve 7 and reservoir 9, being provided with device for drying and filtering and liquid-sighting glass 8; Device for drying and filtering and liquid-sighting glass A8 ' are set between check valve A7 ' and reservoir A9 '.
4. according to technical scheme 1 described heat pump-type subway vehicle air conditioner, it is characterized in that the low pressure assembly of forming by back pressure transmitter 14 and low tension switch 15 in the entrance point setting of compressor 1; The high potential assembly of forming by pressure at expulsion transmitter 17 and high-voltage switch gear 16 in the port of export setting of compressor 1.
Its course of work is as follows.During refrigeration, the refrigerating circuit magnetic valve is opened, the gaseous refrigerant of low-temp low-pressure is sucked by compressor, and the gas that is compressed into HTHP enters in the condenser, dispels the heat by the condensation axial flow blower, cold-producing medium becomes the liquid of high pressure low temperature, through filtering the back, enter evaporimeter again, because pressure reduces through heating power expansion valve throttling step-down to heating power expansion valve, cold-producing medium constantly absorbs air in evaporimeter passes to the heat of evaporimeter and is evaporated to steam, reaches the purpose of cooling air.The cold-producing medium of this moment is the gas of low-temp low-pressure, repeats to enter the flow process behind the compressor.When heating, heating the circuit electromagnetic valve opens, after the refrigerant liquid of high pressure low temperature filters, enter condenser through heating power expansion valve throttling step-down, because pressure reduces, cold-producing medium constantly absorbs air (low-temperature heat source) and passes to the heat of condenser and be evaporated to steam in condenser, the gaseous refrigerant of low-temp low-pressure is sucked by compressor, the gas that is compressed into HTHP enters in the evaporimeter, by the heat radiation of evaporation centrifugal blower, reaches the purpose that adds hot-air.The cold-producing medium of this moment is the liquid of high pressure low temperature, the flow process after repeating to filter.
Adopt the technical program, change heat pump into by the electrical heating of prior art and heat.Reduce the power consumption of unit, saved operating cost, met the energy conservation and environment protection of present stage country's promotion.
Adopt the technical program, adopted the pressure dual protection.System pressure is when surpassing normal operating pressure scope, and pressure transmitter make system-down, and pressure switch also can make system-down as the second heavily protection, has improved the security of system as the first heavily protection.
Adopt the technical program, adopted reservoir.Guaranteed the heat exchange efficiency of heat exchanger, made the system still can even running when load change is big.
Adopt the technical program, change magnetic valve and unidirectional combination into, avoided using jejune technology, reduced the fault of system, improved the reliability of system by the four-way change-over valve of prior art.Prior art has the i.e. whole place under repair of palpus of fault as long as a passage takes place in four passages, the service technique complexity, and the change time is long, Railway transportation is exercised usefulness unfavourably, adopts structure of the present invention, can tackle processing respectively in fairly simple ground, maintenance cost is low, and is few during change.
Adopt exhaust damping tube 2 of the present invention, made several big workpieces in operation and vehicle travel, winnow with a dustpan or impact in the generation mountain peak, not only can damping but also avoid influencing each other, be important behave for the run at high speed stability of subway of assurance.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the system configuration schematic diagram of a kind of heat pump-type subway vehicle air conditioner of the present invention.
Among the figure, 1. compressor, 2. exhaust damping tube, 3. heat magnetic valve, 3 ' heat magnetic valve A, 4. the refrigeration magnetic valve, 4 ' refrigeration magnetic valve A, 5. condensation axial flow blower, 6. condensers, 7. check valve, 7 ' check valve A, 8. device for drying and filtering and liquid-sighting glass, 8 '. device for drying and filtering and liquid-sighting glass A, 9. reservoir, 9 '. reservoir A, 10. heating power expansion valve, 10 '. heating power expansion valve A, 11. evaporimeter, 12. evaporation centrifugal blowers, 13. return-air damping tubes, 14. back pressure transmitter, 15. low tension switch, 16. high-voltage switch gears, 17. pressure at expulsion transmitters.
(5) specific embodiment
Below elaborate according to accompanying drawing 1.
As the embodiments of the invention air-conditioning in when refrigeration, refrigeration magnetic valve 4 and refrigeration magnetic valve A4 ' open, behind the gaseous refrigerant process return-air damping tube 13 of low-temp low-pressure, suck by compressor 1, be compressed into the gas of HTHP, enter in the condenser 6 through exhaust damping tube 2, by 5 heat radiations of condensation axial flow blower, cold-producing medium becomes the liquid of high pressure low temperature, through check valve 7, arrive reservoir 9 through device for drying and filtering and liquid-sighting glass 8 backs again, 10 throttling step-downs enter evaporimeter 11 through heating power expansion valve then, because pressure reduces, cold-producing medium is evaporated to steam by the heat that continuous absorption air is passed to evaporimeter 11 in evaporimeter 11, evaporate centrifugal blower 12 simultaneously cooled air is sent into the target area, reach the purpose of cooling air.The cold-producing medium of this moment is the gas of low-temp low-pressure, repeats to enter the flow process behind the compressor 1.During kind of refrigeration cycle, heat magnetic valve 3 and heat magnetic valve A3 ' and close, improved the reliability of unit.
When heating, heat magnetic valve 3 and heat magnetic valve A3 ' and open, the refrigerant liquid of high pressure low temperature is through check valve A7 ', pass through device for drying and filtering and liquid-sighting glass A8 ' back again to reservoir A9 ', pass through heating power expansion valve A10 ' throttling step-down then and enter condenser 6, because pressure reduces, add 5 heat radiations of condensation axial flow blower, cold-producing medium constantly absorbs air (low-temperature heat source) and passes to the heat of condenser 6 and be evaporated to steam in condenser 6, the gaseous refrigerant cooled via return air damping tube 13 of low-temp low-pressure is sucked by compressor 1, be compressed into the gas of HTHP, enter in the evaporimeter 11 through exhaust damping tube 2, by 12 heat radiations of evaporation centrifugal blower, reach the purpose that adds hot-air.The cold-producing medium of this moment is the liquid of high pressure low temperature, the flow process after repeating to filter.Heat circulation time, refrigeration magnetic valve 4 and refrigeration magnetic valve A4 ' close, and have improved the reliability of unit.
The technical program is furnished with back pressure transmitter 14 and low tension switch 15 on the suction line of compressor 1, be furnished with pressure at expulsion transmitter 17 and high-voltage switch gear 16 on the blast pipe of compressor 1.In case the pressure of cold-producing medium is lower than the low pressure setting value, the signal that back pressure transmitter 14 sends circuit board to can break down as if pressure transmitter immediately with this system-down, and low tension switch 15 can play same effect, makes system-down.Similarly, in case the pressure of cold-producing medium is higher than the high pressure setting value, the signal that pressure at expulsion transmitter 17 sends circuit board to can break down as if pressure transmitter immediately with this system-down, and high-voltage switch gear 16 can play same effect, makes system-down.Therefore, the technical program has duplicate protection to the pressure of system, has improved the security of system.
The technical program is provided with reservoir 9 and reservoir A9 ' in the loop.Adopt this equipment, following advantage is arranged: store the lime set of condenser, avoid lime set in condenser, to accumulate too much heat transfer area is diminished, influence the heat-transfer effect of condenser; Adapt to the demand of the load change of evaporimeter to supply, when evaporation load increased, supply also increased, and by the liquid storage supply of reservoir, when load diminishes, needed liquid measure also to diminish, and excess liquid is stored in the fluid reservoir; As the fluid-tight between the high and low pressure side in the system,, enter low-pressure side so can prevent the gas of on high-tension side steam and incoagulability because drain pipe is to be inserted under the liquid level; Reservoir also plays the effect of filtration and noise reduction.Therefore, the technical program has improved the stability of system greatly.
The technical program substitutes four-way change-over valve with the combination of magnetic valve and check valve.The heat pump type air conditioning system of prior art all adopts the flow direction that four-way change-over valve switches cold-producing medium to realize refrigeration and heat double effects.But railcar operation has its particularity, requires air-conditioning equipment to possess good anti-vibration and impact capacity, higher reliability.Present four-way change-over valve all is to design at static air-conditioning equipment, is used for railcar, and the possibility that breaks down is higher.In case break down, even a valve goes wrong, whole air-conditioning system can't normally be moved.The technical program with refrigerating circuit with to heat the loop independent, has been avoided the possibility of back flow of refrigerant and bypass with check valve with two groups of different magnetic valves, has improved the reliability of system greatly.

Claims (4)

1. heat pump-type subway vehicle air conditioner, comprise compressor (1), condenser (6) and be configured in condensation axial flow blower (5), heating power expansion valve (10), the evaporimeter (11) of condenser (6) sidepiece and be configured in the evaporation centrifugal blower (12) of evaporimeter (11) sidepiece, it is characterized in that:
The port of export of described compressor (1) connects described condenser (6) input through exhaust damping tube (2), refrigeration magnetic valve (4), and condenser (6) output connects the entrance point of described compressor (1) through heating magnetic valve A (3 '), return-air damping tube (13);
The port of export of described compressor (1) through exhaust damping tube (2), heat magnetic valve (3) and connect described evaporimeter (11) input, evaporimeter (11) output connects the entrance point of described compressor (1) through refrigeration magnetic valve A (4 '), return-air damping tube (13);
Evaporimeter (11) output is connected to condenser (6) input by check valve A (7 '), reservoir A (9 ') and heating power expansion valve A (10 '), and the temperature-sensitive bag of described heating power expansion valve A (10 ') and capillary are connected to the output of condenser (6);
Condenser (6) output is connected to evaporimeter (11) input by check valve (7), reservoir (9) and heating power expansion valve (10), and the temperature-sensitive bag of described heating power expansion valve (10) and capillary are connected to the output of evaporimeter (11).
2. heat pump-type subway vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1 is characterized in that described connection, all connects for the pipeline by the circulation of cold media matter.
3. heat pump-type subway vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1 is characterized in that being provided with device for drying and filtering and liquid-sighting glass (8) between check valve (7) and reservoir (9); Device for drying and filtering and liquid-sighting glass A (8 ') are set between check valve A (7 ') and reservoir A (9 ').
4. heat pump-type subway vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1 is characterized in that the low pressure assembly of being made up of back pressure transmitter (14) and low tension switch (15) in the entrance point setting of compressor (1); The high potential assembly of forming by pressure at expulsion transmitter (17) and high-voltage switch gear (16) in the port of export setting of compressor (1).
CNB2008100376917A 2008-05-20 2008-05-20 A kind of heat pump-type subway vehicle air conditioner Expired - Fee Related CN100565043C (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102519189A (en) * 2011-12-30 2012-06-27 东风汽车股份有限公司 Temperature compensation device of heat pump air conditioner
CN102519175A (en) * 2012-01-30 2012-06-27 代纪青 Automobile cooling and heating electric air-conditioning system
CN102519162A (en) * 2011-12-30 2012-06-27 东风汽车股份有限公司 Automobile heat pump air conditioning system
CN103615841A (en) * 2013-11-28 2014-03-05 青岛理工大学 Capillary tube ground source heat pump system applied to subway tunnel
CN104760601A (en) * 2015-03-24 2015-07-08 金鑫美莱克空调系统(无锡)有限公司 Variable frequency heat pump air conditioner of rail traffic vehicle
CN105910386A (en) * 2016-06-06 2016-08-31 洛阳普瑞曼自动控制技术有限公司 Intelligent petroleum benzine conversion device
CN108088108A (en) * 2018-01-16 2018-05-29 长安大学 A kind of subway station direct-expansion type evaporative condenser heat pump air conditioning system and its method of work

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111637086A (en) * 2020-06-04 2020-09-08 青岛科技大学 Centrifugal compressor air supply system for gas bearing support

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102519189A (en) * 2011-12-30 2012-06-27 东风汽车股份有限公司 Temperature compensation device of heat pump air conditioner
CN102519162A (en) * 2011-12-30 2012-06-27 东风汽车股份有限公司 Automobile heat pump air conditioning system
CN102519175A (en) * 2012-01-30 2012-06-27 代纪青 Automobile cooling and heating electric air-conditioning system
CN103615841A (en) * 2013-11-28 2014-03-05 青岛理工大学 Capillary tube ground source heat pump system applied to subway tunnel
CN103615841B (en) * 2013-11-28 2017-05-24 青岛理工大学 Capillary tube ground source heat pump system applied to subway tunnel
CN104760601A (en) * 2015-03-24 2015-07-08 金鑫美莱克空调系统(无锡)有限公司 Variable frequency heat pump air conditioner of rail traffic vehicle
CN105910386A (en) * 2016-06-06 2016-08-31 洛阳普瑞曼自动控制技术有限公司 Intelligent petroleum benzine conversion device
CN108088108A (en) * 2018-01-16 2018-05-29 长安大学 A kind of subway station direct-expansion type evaporative condenser heat pump air conditioning system and its method of work

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Granted publication date: 20091202