CN201508076U - Air source low-temperature heat pump unit of railway vehicle - Google Patents
Air source low-temperature heat pump unit of railway vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN201508076U CN201508076U CN2009200599667U CN200920059966U CN201508076U CN 201508076 U CN201508076 U CN 201508076U CN 2009200599667 U CN2009200599667 U CN 2009200599667U CN 200920059966 U CN200920059966 U CN 200920059966U CN 201508076 U CN201508076 U CN 201508076U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an air source low-temperature heat pump unit of a railway vehicle, which comprises a compressor, an indoor side heat exchanger, an outdoor side heat exchanger and a four-way valve and is characterized by also comprising a throttle device and a plate type heat exchanger, wherein the compressor is provided with an exhaust port, an air suction port and an auxiliary air suction port; and a circuit of a heat pump circulating system is designed by combining with special requirements of the railway vehicle on a heat pump air-conditioning unit and using a jet enthalpy technology. The utility model can improve the heating performance of an air source heat pump under a lower temperature working condition, can be used as dual-purpose air-conditioning equipment for heating of the railway vehicle in winter and reducing the temperature in hot summer, can effectively improve the refrigerating capacity in summer, can effectively heat by a heat pump and safely and reliably work at an outdoor temperature of 20 DEG C below zero, has high-efficiency, energy-saving, safe and reliable performances and is suitable for popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the used for rail vehicle field of air conditioning.
Background technology
There are a great difference in rail vehicle air-conditioning and general commercial and civilian air-conditioning, and rail vehicle air-conditioning unit is a kind of special air-conditioning system that is specifically designed to the railway transport of passengers train, are made up of air conditioner, ducting system and air-conditioning switch board three parts, and following characteristics are arranged:
(1) the air-conditioning unit can be applicable to expose to the sun and rain, bad working environment such as ice and snow severe cold and sand and dust.
(2) monoblock has bigger refrigerating capacity and higher fresh air proportion, can be applicable to environment such as the compartment density of personnel is big, the car body materials heat-proof quality is relatively poor.
(3) the thermic load fluctuation range is wide.Under the bigger situation of the temperature difference at night, vehicle interior temperature maintains in certain scope by day.
In addition, vibration and impact greatlyyer in the train operation, the installation of air-conditioning system is wanted firmly, and damping device will be installed, and it is tight reliable that the joint of refrigeration pipe is wanted, and guard against leakage.During chosen material, attention will alleviate the weight of train as far as possible.Material will have good flame retardancy in addition, to ensure safety.The unit form should be passed through vibration and shock testing.
At present, about more than 40 families of the producer of domestic production source pump, the kind of production has the room air conditioner source pump, as window formula, family expenses split source pump; Commercial source pump is as cabinet-type, ceiling-type, roof type, multi-joint system source pump; Air-cooled heat pump water chiller-heater units; Water resource heat pump etc.As shown in Figure 1, conventional heat pump is simple in structure, compare with the single cold type air-conditioning, and only be to have increased four-way change-over valve 3 and heated capillary 7.Compressor 4 exhaust outlet D and four-way change-over valve 3, indoor heat converter 1, refrigerating capillary 2, heat capillary 7, outdoor heat converter 6, four-way change-over valve 3, vapour liquid separator 5, compressor 4 air entry S and be linked in sequence, form the loop.Refrigerant flow was shown in the arrow of the outside when freezed summer, and when winter heating with the refrigeration system reverse circulation shown in inboard arrow, promptly indoor heat exchanger 1 becomes condenser, outdoor heat exchanger 6 becomes evaporimeter.For net for air-source heat pump units, outer temperature degree just can not normally move below-5 ℃.In addition, existing defrosting criterion can not adapt to this operating condition on a large scale in the north, it is serious that heat pump misses the phenomenon that defrosts, need that defrosting is absonant with actual defrosting, defrost water is difficult for flowing to end, defrosting time is long tends to cause fluctuations in indoor temperature excessive, the user has the sensation of significantly blowing a cold wind over; Unit starts difficulty at worst cold case, unit the startup stage or defrosting burning machine phenomenon often takes place when finishing to recover to heat easily.
Some manufacturers begin one's study and are fit to the air source low-temperature heat pump that cold snap uses.For example at the central air-conditioning product in the second month in a season, the multi-joint unit of digital heating digital vortex ultra-low temperature air source heat pump (air-conditioning) that Gree Electric Appliances,Inc.of ZhuHai's research and development are produced, the central air-conditioning in winter that not only can effectively solve the northern China cold district heats the technical barrier with the heating weak effect, and the winter heating and the power-saving technology level of central air-conditioning have been improved greatly, this central air-conditioning can reach reliablely and stablely operation in subzero 25 ultra-low temperature surroundings of spending at the lowest temperature, and heating effect is significantly improved.
In recent years heat pump techniques China progressively enter civilian aspect, but because the particularity of rail vehicle air-conditioning unit, current track vehicle low-temperature air source heat pump unit does not have application on the rail vehicle at home as yet, even conventional source pump does not have application at present yet.
Rail vehicle comes heating in the winter of cold with electrical heating for a long time, and this heating method power consumption is big and dangerous.If when adopting conventional air source heat pump system, outer temperature is good at the traffic coverage effect of 10～-5 ℃ of these regional heat pumps, and unit operation is steady, and the economy of unit can be guaranteed preferably.When outer temperature is lower than-5 ℃, equipment can't operate as normal, the heating capacity of system descends rapidly along with the decline of outer temperature, and calorific requirement rises rapidly along with the decline of outer temperature, when ambient temperature is very low, the heating capacity of system will be so small as to and can't satisfy these regional winter heating demands, meanwhile, along with the reduction of outdoor environment temperature, unit COP sharply descends, the compression ratio of compressor can be increasing, cause delivery temperature constantly to raise, long-time running will inevitably badly damaged compressor.
Therefore, when rail vehicle adopts air source heat pump system heating in the winter of cold, must the air source heat pump system of routine be redesigned, develop suitable rail vehicle and be very important at the low-temperature air source heat pump unit of application in the winter of cold.Use the low-temperature air source heat pump unit, can save a large amount of energy, reduce the operating cost of vehicle, bring bigger economic benefit and improve the security and the reliability of vehicle operating, the unusual weather conditions that current energy shortage and greenhouse effects are brought also have important meaning, can reduce CO
2Discharging, make contribution should be arranged for slowing down global greenhouse effect.
Summary of the invention
For addressing the above problem, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of rail vehicle air source low-temperature heat pump unit, it has efficient, energy-conservation, safe and reliable performance, is suitable on rail vehicle as the heating in severe cold winter and the air conditioner for both equipment of the cooling in hot summer.
The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that a kind of rail vehicle air source low-temperature heat pump unit, comprises compressor, indoor heat exchanger, outdoor heat exchanger and cross valve, it is characterized in that: also include throttling arrangement and plate type heat exchanger; Described compressor is provided with exhaust outlet, air entry and auxiliary air entry; The air entry of the exhaust outlet of compressor and aforementioned cross valve, outdoor heat exchanger, first throttle device, plate type heat exchanger, the 3rd throttling arrangement, indoor heat exchanger, aforementioned cross valve, vapour liquid separator, compressor is linked in sequence and forms first loop; The auxiliary air entry of the exhaust outlet of compressor and aforementioned cross valve, outdoor heat exchanger, first throttle device, second throttling arrangement, plate type heat exchanger, compressor is linked in sequence and forms second loop when freezing, and the auxiliary air entry of the exhaust outlet of compressor and aforementioned cross valve, indoor heat exchanger, the 3rd throttling arrangement, second throttling arrangement, plate type heat exchanger, compressor is linked in sequence and forms second loop when heating.
Described compressor is the air injection enthalpy-increasing screw compressor of the auxiliary air entry of band, controls the refrigerant flow that freezes and heat state respectively.
Described first throttle device, the 3rd throttling arrangement are made up of a check valve and a heating power expansion valve respectively.
Described second throttling arrangement comprises heating power expansion valve and magnetic valve.
The import in corresponding first loop and second loop and exit position are identical when refrigeration in the described plate type heat exchanger, and be opposite when heating.
In the state of heating, second throttling arrangement is opened, and indoor heat exchanger, second throttling arrangement, plate type heat exchanger are communicated with the auxilliary air entry of compressor, and the flow direction of refrigerant in plate type heat exchanger in first loop and second loop carried out heat exchange on the contrary.
Air source low-temperature heat pump unit of the present utility model improves the heating performance of air source heat pump under worst cold case, specific (special) requirements designs to the heat pump air conditioner unit in conjunction with rail vehicle, utilize air injection enthalpy-increasing art designs heat pump circulating system, make the air conditioner for both equipment of the heating and the cooling of the work in hot summer of rail vehicle in the winter of severe cold, can effectively improve refrigerating capacity in summer, winter, but-20 ℃ of following high-efficiency heat pumps of temperature heated outside,-25 ℃ of safe and reliable work down of temperature outside, have efficient, energy-conservation, safe and reliable performance, be suitable for applying.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing heat pump;
Fig. 2 is a structural representation of the present utility model.
The specific embodiment
Below the contrast Figure of description further describes the utility model, but the utility model includes but not limited to method and structure cited in the example.
The utility model is a kind of rail vehicle air source low-temperature heat pump unit, adopt the dual circuit system in the present embodiment, every cover system is independent separately, comprises compressor 4, indoor heat exchanger 1, outdoor heat exchanger 6, cross valve 3, throttling arrangement and plate type heat exchanger 9 or the like respectively.
Described compressor 4 adopts similar cryogenic system twin-stage compression work principle, is provided with exhaust outlet D, air entry S and auxiliary air entry VI, and increasing flow provides compressor to exert oneself.Adopt the air injection enthalpy-increasing screw compressor of the auxiliary air entry VI of band, for example the steam of EMERSON company sprays (EVI) screw compressor.
Wherein, the air entry S of the exhaust outlet D of compressor 4 and cross valve 3, outdoor heat exchanger 6, first throttle device 8, plate type heat exchanger 9, the 3rd throttling arrangement 11, indoor heat exchanger 1, cross valve 3, vapour liquid separator 5, compressor is linked in sequence and forms first loop; The auxiliary air entry VI of the exhaust outlet D of compressor 4 and cross valve 3, indoor heat exchanger 1, the 3rd throttling arrangement 11, second throttling arrangement 10, plate type heat exchanger 9, compressor 4 is linked in sequence and forms second loop when heating, and the auxiliary air entry VI of the exhaust outlet D of compressor 4 and cross valve 3, outdoor heat exchanger 6, first throttle device 8, second throttling arrangement 10, plate type heat exchanger 9, compressor is linked in sequence and forms second loop when freezing.
The import in corresponding first loop and second loop and exit position are identical when refrigeration in the plate type heat exchanger 9 when heating, and be opposite when heating.
The utility model is except that pressing common heat pump, increased the system of air injection enthalpy-increasing, be about to the liquid refrigerant that condenser comes out and be divided into two-way, one the tunnel goes into board-like heat exchanger 9 and another road liquid refrigerant heat exchange in heat-exchangers of the plate type 9 through 10 throttlings of second throttling arrangement are laggard, become steam and enter auxiliary air entry VI in the middle of the screw compressor 4, and another above-mentioned road is flowed out after heat exchanger 6 evaporations in the inlet chamber outside after 8 throttlings of first throttle device from heat-exchangers of the plate type 9 by cold excessively cold-producing medium.The utility model utilizes the air injection enthalpy-increasing technology, can effectively improve refrigerating capacity in summer, but winter outside-20 ℃ of temperature down high-efficiency heat pump heat and-25 ℃ of safe and reliable work down of temperature outside.
Heat pump indoor blower fan when Defrost operation stops routinely, but on vehicle, do not allow to stop, for solving the problem that should defrost and can not in car, blow a cold wind over, the utility model is by adopting air injection enthalpy-increasing compressor 4, outdoor heat exchanger 6, the first throttle device, plate type heat exchanger 9 and indoor heat exchanger 1, adopt the antikinesis defrosting: (compressor accumulative total was moved more than 45 minutes when the air-conditioning unit satisfies the defrosting condition that enters, and environment temperature is greater than outdoor heat exchange pipe temperature more than 8 ℃, outdoor heat exchange pipe temperature is lower than-10 ℃ simultaneously), stop compressor 4 and four-way change-over valve 3; Start compressor 4 after 38 seconds and press the cooling condition operation, carry out reverse defrosting; When reaching the defrosting condition that withdraws from (high-pressure switch disconnects or outdoor heat exchange pipe temperature was higher than 16 ℃ or defrosting time above 8 minutes), then stopped compressor 20 seconds; Restarting systems is pressed heating operation then.In order to guarantee the comfortableness in the car, the not defrosting simultaneously of the dual circuit system of air-conditioning unit, and indoor fan is pressed low cruise during the defrosting, when reaching the defrosting condition, wherein a cover system is by the defrosting of kind of refrigeration cycle antikinesis, and another set of system keeps heating the state operation.
The refrigerant of the utility model under different conditions flows to as follows:
1. refrigerating state
First loop: the air entry S of exhaust outlet D → cross valve 3 → outdoor heat exchanger 6 → first throttle device 8 → plate type heat exchanger 9 → the 3rd throttling arrangement 11 → indoor heat exchangers 1 → cross valve 3 → vapour liquid separator 5 → compressor of compressor 4;
Second loop: the auxiliary air entry VI of exhaust outlet D → cross valve 3 → outdoor heat exchanger 6 → first throttle device 8 → the second throttling arrangements 10 → plate type heat exchanger 9 → compressor of compressor 4.
2. heat state
First loop: the air entry S of exhaust outlet D → cross valve 3 → indoor heat exchanger 1 → the 3rd throttling arrangement 11 → plate type heat exchanger 9 → first throttle device 8 → outdoor heat exchanger 6 → cross valve 3 → vapour liquid separator 5 → compressor of compressor 4;
Second loop: the auxiliary air entry VI of exhaust outlet D → cross valve 3 → indoor heat exchanger 1 → the 3rd throttling arrangement 11 → the second throttling arrangements 10 → plate type heat exchanger 9 → compressor 4 of compressor 4.
3. defrost state
First loop: the air entry S of exhaust outlet D → cross valve 3 → outdoor heat exchanger 6 → first throttle device 8 → plate type heat exchanger 9 → the 3rd throttling arrangement 11 → indoor heat exchangers 1 → cross valve 3 → vapour liquid separator 5 → compressor of compressor 4;
Second loop: the auxiliary air entry VI of exhaust outlet D → cross valve 3 → outdoor heat exchanger 6 → first throttle device 8 → the second throttling arrangements 10 → plate type heat exchanger 9 → compressor of compressor 4.
Adopt above-mentioned technology, make model machine and carried out verification experimental verification, model machine technical parameter such as table 1.
Table 1. model machine technical parameter table
| The unit model | KLR30 |
| Refrigerating capacity | 29kW working condition: 29 ℃ of indoor heat exchanger air intake dry-bulb temperatures, 23 ℃ of wet-bulb temperature; 35 ℃ of outdoor air intake dry-bulb temperatures |
| Heating capacity | 29kW working condition: 20 ℃ of indoor heat exchanger air intake dry-bulb temperatures, 15 ℃ of wet-bulb temperature; 7 ℃ of outdoor air intake dry-bulb temperatures, 6 ℃ of wet-bulb temperature. |
| Air output | High speed 3500m 3/ h, low speed 2500m 3/ h |
| Resh air requirement | 1200m 3/ h |
| Total power input | About 15kW (under the nominal condition) |
| The unit model | KLR30 |
| Compressor | About 2 * 6.1kW, 380V-3-50Hz |
| Condensation fan | About 1.5kW, 380V-3-50Hz |
| Breeze fan | About 2 * the 0.55kW of high speed, the about 2 * 0.4kW of low speed, 380V-3-50Hz |
| Cold-producing medium | R407C |
| Appearance and size | 2550(L)×1700(W)×480(H) |
| Weight | About 630kg |
Evidence, but the utility model can be outside-20 ℃ of temperature down high-efficiency heat pumps heat and-25 ℃ of safe and reliable work down of temperature outside.Even outside the temperature-20 ℃ under, its heating efficiency also can reach 1.31, and is more much higher than the efficient of electric heater, reaches energy-conservation effect.And traditional heat pump outside the temperature-10 ℃ under with regard to cisco unity malfunction.Concrete test data such as table 2:
Table 2. test data table
Claims (6)
1. a rail vehicle air source low-temperature heat pump unit comprises compressor, indoor heat exchanger, outdoor heat exchanger and cross valve, it is characterized in that: also include throttling arrangement and plate type heat exchanger; Described compressor is provided with exhaust outlet, air entry and auxiliary air entry; The air entry of the exhaust outlet of compressor and aforementioned cross valve, outdoor heat exchanger, first throttle device, plate type heat exchanger, the 3rd throttling arrangement, indoor heat exchanger, aforementioned cross valve, vapour liquid separator, compressor is linked in sequence and forms first loop; The auxiliary air entry of the exhaust outlet of compressor and aforementioned cross valve, outdoor heat exchanger, first throttle device, second throttling arrangement, plate type heat exchanger, compressor is linked in sequence and forms second loop when freezing, and the auxiliary air entry of the exhaust outlet of compressor and aforementioned cross valve, indoor heat exchanger, the 3rd throttling arrangement, second throttling arrangement, plate type heat exchanger, compressor is linked in sequence and forms second loop when heating.
2. rail vehicle air source low-temperature heat pump unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described compressor is the air injection enthalpy-increasing screw compressor of the auxiliary air entry of band, controls the refrigerant flow that freezes and heat state respectively.
3. rail vehicle air source low-temperature heat pump unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described first throttle device, the 3rd throttling arrangement are made up of a check valve and a heating power expansion valve respectively.
4. rail vehicle air source low-temperature heat pump unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described second throttling arrangement comprises heating power expansion valve and magnetic valve.
5. rail vehicle air source low-temperature heat pump unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the import and export in corresponding first loop is identical when freezing with the import and export position in corresponding second loop in the described plate type heat exchanger, and is opposite when heating.
6. rail vehicle air source low-temperature heat pump unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described source pump comprises two covers.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009200599667U CN201508076U (en) | 2009-07-07 | 2009-07-07 | Air source low-temperature heat pump unit of railway vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009200599667U CN201508076U (en) | 2009-07-07 | 2009-07-07 | Air source low-temperature heat pump unit of railway vehicle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201508076U true CN201508076U (en) | 2010-06-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009200599667U Expired - Lifetime CN201508076U (en) | 2009-07-07 | 2009-07-07 | Air source low-temperature heat pump unit of railway vehicle |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016202196A1 (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2016-12-22 | Byd Company Limited | Air conditioning system for vehicle and vehicle having same |
| CN109595843A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-04-09 | 武汉万居隆电器有限公司 | A kind of enhanced heat pump and its technique |
| CN110736207A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-01-31 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Control method and control device for defrosting of air conditioner and air conditioner |
| CN112747465A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-04 | 泰州中际热能设备有限公司 | Integral low-temperature air heating device |
| CN112833481A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2021-05-25 | 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 | Air supplementing and enthalpy increasing device for air conditioning system and air conditioning system |
-
2009
- 2009-07-07 CN CN2009200599667U patent/CN201508076U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016202196A1 (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2016-12-22 | Byd Company Limited | Air conditioning system for vehicle and vehicle having same |
| CN109595843A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-04-09 | 武汉万居隆电器有限公司 | A kind of enhanced heat pump and its technique |
| CN110736207A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-01-31 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Control method and control device for defrosting of air conditioner and air conditioner |
| CN110736207B (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2022-04-15 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Control method and control device for defrosting of air conditioner and air conditioner |
| CN112833481A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2021-05-25 | 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 | Air supplementing and enthalpy increasing device for air conditioning system and air conditioning system |
| CN112747465A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-04 | 泰州中际热能设备有限公司 | Integral low-temperature air heating device |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| ASS | Succession or assignment of patent right |
Owner name: GUANGZHOU ZHONGCHE RAIL TRANSIT AIR CONDITIONING E Free format text: FORMER OWNER: GUANGZHOU ZHONGCHE RAILWAY VEHICLES EQUIPMENT JOINT-STOCK CO., LTD. Effective date: 20150115 Free format text: FORMER OWNER: CHINA RAILWAY (BEIJING) VEHICLES EQUIPMENT CO., LTD. Effective date: 20150115 |
|
| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20150115 Address after: 510285 No. 38, South Road, Haizhuqu District Industrial Road, Guangdong, Guangzhou Patentee after: GUANGZHOU ZHONGCHE RAIL WAY VEHICLES AIR-CONDITIONING EQUIPMENT CO., LTD. Address before: 510285 No. 38, South Road, Haizhuqu District Industrial Road, Guangdong, Guangzhou Patentee before: Guangzhou Zhongche Railway Vehicles Equipment Joint-Stock Co., Ltd. Patentee before: Huache (Beijing) Traffic Equipment Co., Ltd. |
|
| CP03 | Change of name, title or address |
Address after: 510000 Guangdong, Guangzhou, Haizhuqu District, Jiangnan Road South, No. 713, No. two, building B201, wing hee centre. Patentee after: Guangzhou Ding Han rail traffic vehicle equipment Co., Ltd. Address before: 510285 No. 38 South Road, Haizhuqu District Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong. Patentee before: GUANGZHOU ZHONGCHE RAIL WAY VEHICLES AIR-CONDITIONING EQUIPMENT CO., LTD. |
|
| CP03 | Change of name, title or address | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20100616 |
|
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |