CN101288827A - 用于排放后处理系统的混合装置 - Google Patents

用于排放后处理系统的混合装置 Download PDF

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CN101288827A
CN101288827A CNA2008100926033A CN200810092603A CN101288827A CN 101288827 A CN101288827 A CN 101288827A CN A2008100926033 A CNA2008100926033 A CN A2008100926033A CN 200810092603 A CN200810092603 A CN 200810092603A CN 101288827 A CN101288827 A CN 101288827A
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CN101288827B (zh
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D·B·布朗
R·米塔尔
K·A·杰夫里
K·B·富夸
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/105—General auxiliary catalysts, e.g. upstream or downstream of the main catalyst
    • F01N3/106—Auxiliary oxidation catalysts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/21—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media
    • B01F23/213—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids
    • B01F23/2132—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids using nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/314—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit
    • B01F25/3141—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit with additional mixing means other than injector mixers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4315—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor the baffles being deformed flat pieces of material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0093—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are of the same type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/43197—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor characterised by the mounting of the baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/431974—Support members, e.g. tubular collars, with projecting baffles fitted inside the mixing tube or adjacent to the inner wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/40—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a hydrolysis catalyst
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种混合装置，其可安装在由排气后处理系统的排气管限定的大致圆柱形通道中。所述通道包括可操作以传送排放流和液体流(例如脲流)的外区域和内区域。所述混合装置包括保持环，所述保持环可操作以将所述混合装置保持在所述通道中。第一多个翼片从所述保持环延伸出，并可操作以在所述通道的外区域中向所述排放流和液体流引入沿第一方向的旋转速度分量。第二多个翼片从所述保持环延伸出，并可操作以在所述通道的内区域中向所述排放流和液体流引入沿与所述第一方向相反的第二方向的旋转速度分量。

Description

用于排放后处理系统的混合装置
技术领域
[0001]本发明涉及一种混合装置，其可操作以将诸如脲的液体混合于排放后处理系统的排放流中。
背景技术
[0002]由氮化合物(例如氨和脲)对氮氧化物(NOX)进行的选择性催化还原已经被证明在工业用固定引擎应用中是有效的。最近，氨-SCR已经组合到诸如重型卡车和公车引擎的移动式柴油内燃机中。
[0003]通常，在氨-SCR处理过程中，脲的水溶液被注入引擎的排放气流或气体排放流中。在160℃以上的温度，脲开始进行水解和热分解，从而导致氨的形成。然后，所得到的包含脲/氨和排放气体的混合物被传送至诸如铂(Pt)、钒(V2O5)或沸石的SCR催化剂，在该处，氨与NOX气体发生反应，生成氮气和水。
发明内容
[0004]本发明提供一种混合装置，其可安装在由排气后处理系统的排气管所限定的大致圆柱形通道中。所述通道包括可操作以传送排放流和液体流(例如脲流)的外区域和内区域。所述混合装置包括保持环，其可操作以将所述混合装置保持在所述通道中。第一多个翼片从所述保持环伸出，并且可操作以在所述通道的外区域中向所述排放流和液体流引入沿第一方向的旋转速度分量。第二多个翼片从所述保持环伸出，并可操作以在所述通道的内区域中向所述排放流和液体流引入沿与所述第一方向相反的第二方向的旋转速度分量。本发明还公开了一种集成了所述混合装置的排放后处理系统。
[0005]根据下文结合附图对本发明的最佳实施方式所作的详细描述，本发明的上述特征和优势以及其它特征和优势将变得明显。
附图说明
[0006]图1是用于集成了混合装置的内燃机的排放后处理系统的示意性图示；
[0007]图2是混合装置下游的排放管的剖视图，该图是沿图1的线2-2剖切而得的，示出了排放流和脲流的旋转运动；
[0008]图3是示意性地示于图1中的混合装置的透视图，示出了该优选实施例的各个方面。
[0009]图4是第一多个翼片中一个的横截面视图，其中所述第一多个翼片形成了图3混合装置的一部分；和
[0010]图5是第二多个翼片中一个的横截面视图，其中所述第二多个翼片形成了图3混合装置的一部分。
具体实施方式
[0011]现在参照附图，在所附的这几个附图中，相同的附图标记对应相同或类似的元件，附图标记10总体上标示了氨-选择性催化还原(SCR)排放后处理系统，用于处理由引擎12(例如车辆用压缩点火式内燃机)产生的排放气体。排放后处理系统10增强了氮氧化物(NOX)转化，并因此有利地导致引擎12的NOX排放物减小。由于排放后处理系统10的效率提高，因此可以使催化剂体积减小，从而降低排放后处理系统10的成本。
[0012]排放后处理系统10包括排放管14，用于引导从引擎12发出的排放流，如箭头16所示。排放流16包括在引擎12中因燃烧反应生成的排放气体，所述排放气体流经排放后处理系统10的管道14，并在排出端18处排出到大气。因此，排放流16的流动方向为从引擎12至排出端18。
[0013]在流动方向上，排放流16首先经过预氧化催化剂20。预氧化催化剂20处理未燃烧的烃，并将NO转化成NO2，NO2更易于与NH3反应而生成N2。在预氧化催化剂20更下游处设有SCR催化剂22。SCR催化剂22可由例如铂(Pt)、钒(V2O5)、或沸石材料形成。SCR催化剂22促进氨气(NH3)与NOX反应以生成氮气和水，从而降低NOX排放量。水解催化剂24位于SCR催化剂22的直接上游处。水解催化剂24促进脲与水反应，以生成氨和二氧化碳(CO2)，从而帮助确保在进入SCR催化剂22之前排放流16中氨的有效性。氧化催化剂26位于SCR催化剂22的直接下游处。氧化催化剂26促进未在SCR催化剂22中反应的过量的氨分解。氧化催化剂26是“保护催化剂”，其有效地限制氨逃脱。换句话说，氧化催化剂26促进过量的氨进行氧化，从而限制氨从排放后处理系统10释放。
[0014]排放后处理系统10进一步包括脲源28，其用于储存所供给的脲水溶液。具体而言，在该脲水溶液中，脲与水的比率为32.5％。以这种浓度，脲水溶液的最低凝固点为大约11°F，因此在外部温度状况较冷时(例如在冬天运行时)也几乎不可能凝固。流体管线30使脲水溶液从脲源28连通到喷射嘴32。喷射嘴32被设置成与排放管14连通。喷射嘴32位于SCR催化剂22和水解催化剂24的上游，预氧化催化剂20的下游。喷射嘴32可操作以将液体流或脲流形式的一定量的脲引入排放管14(如箭头34所指示的)，以便随后与排放流16混合。为增强SCR催化剂22的效能，脲流34应该与排放流16充分混合。
[0015]混合装置36设置在排放管14内以及喷射嘴32的下游。混合装置36可操作以向排放流16和脲流34引入旋转运动，从而增强它们之间的混合。混合装置36可以放置在喷射嘴32的上游，而这也落在本发明要求保护的范围内。下文中将参照图3-5更详细地描述混合装置36。
[0016]现在参照图2，示出了沿图1的线2-2剖切的排放管14的横截视图，从而图示了在排放流16和脲流34上引入的旋转运动。流动管14所限定的大致圆柱形通道38可分成外区域40和内区域42。外区域40和内区域42在图2中被描绘成虚线，标示为44。图1所示的混合装置36可操作以在通道38的外区域40中向排放流16和脲流34引入顺时针旋转速度分量，如图2所示。此外，混合装置36可操作以在通道38的内区域42内向排放流16和脲流34引入逆时针旋转速度分量，如图2所示。在外区域40内的顺时针速度分量和在内区域42内的逆时针速度分量共同增强了脲流34与排放流16的混合。另外，混合装置36优选在内区域40和外区域42内造成一定量的湍流，以帮助将脲流34混合于排放流16中。
[0017]现在参照图3并继续参照图1和2，示出有根据本优选实施例的混合装置36的透视图。混合装置36包括由金属片(或金属板)形成的保持环46。优选选择诸如不锈钢、钛、或钢的金属来在通道38中承受热和俯视环境。保持环46可操作以将混合装置36保持在排放管14的通道38中。保持环46限定了缝槽(或狭槽)48，缝槽48可操作以允许减小保持环的外周界，以便插入排放管14的通道38。一旦安装好，保持环46径向向外偏置以接合排放管14，从而将混合装置36锁定或保持在通道38中。
[0018]保持环进一步包括第一多个翼片50和第二多个翼片52。第一多个翼片50大致定位在保持环46的周界处，这样，当混合装置36设置在通道38内时，第一多个翼片50大致定位在通道38的外区域40中。第二多个翼片52大致定位在保持环46的中央，这样，当混合装置36设置在通道38内时，第二多个翼片52大致定位在通道38的内区域42中。第一多个翼片50中每一个的外边缘54轮廓被设计成大致近似于排放管14的曲率。第一和第二多个翼片50和52优选与保持环46一体形成。有利的是，通过将第一和第二翼片50和52与保持环46一体形成，由金属片可以压制出空部，该空部被弯曲成所希望的形状，从而降低了制造混合装置36的复杂度。
[0019]混合装置36在安装于通道38内时，被定向成使得保持环46位于第一和第二多个翼片50和52的上游。第一多个翼片50中的每一个相对于保持环46被弯曲成，使得第一多个翼片50可操作以在通道38的外区域40内向排放流16和脲流34引入大致顺时针旋转速度分量，如图2所示。另外，第二多个翼片52中的每一个相对于保持环46被弯曲，从而使得第二多个翼片52可操作，以在通道38的内区域42中向排放流16和脲流34引入大致逆时针旋转速度分量，如图2所示。在一个优选实施例中，第一和第二多个翼片50和52可操作以在通道的相应第一和第二区域40和42中形成湍流。通过在通道38的外区域40内形成湍流漩涡运动和在该通道的内区域42内形成湍流逆漩涡运动，相应的第一和第二多个翼片50和52可操作以增强或改进排放流16和脲流34之间的混合，从而向SCR催化剂22呈现较为均匀的混合物，并增大该催化剂的转化效率。
[0020]现在参照图4，示出了保持环46和第一多个翼片50中一个翼片的横截面视图。第一多个翼片50优选被定向成相对于保持环46成一特定夹角(标示为Θ)。夹角Θ优选在120度至160度之间。类似地，图5示出了保持环46和第二多个翼片52中一个翼片的横截面视图。第二多个翼片52优选被定向成相对于保持环46成一特定夹角(标示为Φ)。夹角Φ优选在190度至235度之间。在该优选实施例中，第一多个翼片50得数量在3和12之间，而第二多个翼片52得数量在3和9之间。
[0021]参照图1-5，混合装置36采用相对陡峭的夹角Θ，以促进在通道38的外区域40内的相对缓慢运动的气体排放气流16和脲流的涡流或旋转。利用这种陡峭的夹角Θ可使排放流16强烈旋转，从而易于在其中挟卷和混合脲流34。相对较为不陡峭的夹角Φ使在通道38的内区域42内的相对高速度的气体排放流16湍流和反涡流或反旋转。由涡流和反涡流引起的组合漩涡促进排放流16和脲流34之间的混合，从而使脲和排放气体能够蒸发并均匀分布在SCR催化剂22的表面上。随着排放气流16经过混合装置36，混合装置36使排放气流16的压降最小化。因此，混合装置36对引擎12的性能的影响相对较小。另外，在排放管14的通道38内包含混合装置36，减小了排放管14为确保排放气流16和脲流34充分混合所需要的长度，从而减小封装排放后处理系统10所需的空间。进一步，混合装置36可操作以提供排放气流16和诸如烃流的其它液体流之间的混合。
[0022]尽管已经详细描述了本发明的最佳实施方式，但本领域技术人员将会意识到，可以采用各种替代性设计方案和实施例来实施本发明，而这些方案和实施例仍落在所附权利要求的范围内。

Claims (19)

1、一种混合装置，可安装在由排气后处理系统的排气管限定的大致圆柱形通道中，所述通道具有可操作以传送排放流和液体流的外区域和内区域，所述混合装置包括：
保持环，可操作以将所述混合装置保持在所述通道中；
第一多个翼片，从所述保持环延伸出，并可操作以在所述通道的外区域中向所述排放流和液体流中的至少一个引入沿第一方向的旋转速度分量；和
第二多个翼片，从所述保持环延伸出，并可操作以在所述通道的内区域中向所述排放流和液体流中的至少一个引入沿与所述第一方向相反的第二方向的旋转速度分量。
2、根据权利要求1所述的混合装置，其中，所述液体流包含脲。
3、根据权利要求1所述的混合装置，其中，所述第一方向为顺时针，而所述第二方向为逆时针。
4、根据权利要求1所述的混合装置，其中，所述保持环以及所述第一和第二多个翼片由金属片一体形成。
5、根据权利要求1所述的混合装置，其中，所述第一多个翼片中的每一个被定位成：相对于所述保持环成120度至160度之间的夹角。
6、根据权利要求1所述的混合装置，其中，所述第二多个翼片中的每一个被定位成：相对于所述保持环成190度至235度之间的夹角。
7、根据权利要求1所述的混合装置，其中，在所述通道的所述外区域和所述内区域中的至少一个内的流动为湍流。
8、一种用于内燃机的排放后处理系统，包括：
排放管，限定了具有外区域和内区域的通道，所述通道呈大致圆柱形，并可操作以传送来自所述内燃机的排放流；
与所述通道连通的喷射嘴，所述喷射嘴可操作以将液体流注入所述通道中；
混合装置，在所述通道内安装在所述喷射嘴的下游，并且可操作以促进所述排放流和所述液体流之间的混合；
其中，所述混合装置包括：
保持环，可操作以将所述混合装置保持在所述通道内；
第一多个翼片，从所述保持环延伸出，并可操作以在所述通道的所述外区域内向所述排放流和所述液体流引入沿第一方向的旋转速度分量；和
第二多个翼片，从所述保持环延伸出，并可操作以在所述通道的所述内区域内向所述排放流和所述液体流引入沿与所述第一方向相反的第二方向的旋转速度分量。
9、根据权利要求8所述的排放后处理系统，进一步包括：
脲源；
其中，所述液体流为脲流；并且
所述喷射嘴与所述脲源和所述通道连通，所述喷射嘴可操作以将所述脲流注入所述通道中。
10、根据权利要求8所述的排放后处理系统，其中，所述第一方向为顺时针，而所述第二方向为逆时针。
11、根据权利要求8所述的排放后处理系统，其中，所述第一多个翼片中的每一个被定位成：相对于所述保持环成120度至160度之间的夹角；并且所述第二多个翼片中的每一个被定位成：相对于所述保持环成190度至235度之间的夹角。
12、根据权利要求8所述的排放后处理系统，其中，在所述通道的所述外区域和所述内区域中的至少一个内的流动为湍流。
13、根据权利要求8所述的排放后处理系统，进一步包括选择性催化还原催化剂，且其中所述混合装置被定位在所述选择催化还原催化剂的上游。
14、根据权利要求8所述的排放后处理系统，进一步包括预氧化催化剂，其被定位在所述喷射嘴和所述混合装置的上游。
15、根据权利要求13所述的排放后处理系统，进一步包括水解催化剂，其被定位在所述选择性催化还原催化剂的上游。
16、根据权利要求8所述的排放后处理系统，其中，所述保持环限定了缝槽，该缝槽可操作以帮助将所述混合装置插入所述通道内。
17、根据权利要求8所述的排放后处理系统，其中，所述混合装置由金属片形成。
18、一种混合装置，其可安装在由排气后处理系统的排气管限定的大致圆柱形通道中，所述通道具有可操作以传送排放流和脲流的外区域和内区域，所述混合装置包括：
保持环，可操作以将所述混合装置保持在所述通道中；
缝槽，由所述保持环限定，并可操作以帮助将所述混合装置插入于所述通道内；
第一多个翼片，从所述保持环延伸出，并可操作以在所述通道的外区域中向所述排放流和脲流引入沿第一方向的旋转速度分量；
第二多个翼片，从所述保持环延伸出，并可操作以在所述通道的内区域中向所述排放流和脲流引入沿与所述第一方向相反的第二方向的旋转速度分量；
其中，所述第一多个翼片中的每一个被定位成：相对于所述保持环成120度至160度之间的夹角；并且
所述第二多个翼片中的每一个被定位成：相对于所述保持环成190度至235度之间的夹角。
19、根据权利要求18所述的混合装置，其中，所述保持环以及所述第一和第二多个翼片由金属片一体形成。
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CN103154457A (zh) * 2010-10-06 2013-06-12 斯堪尼亚商用车有限公司 用于将液体介质引入到来自内燃发动机的废气中的设备
CN107165705A (zh) * 2017-07-27 2017-09-15 天纳克（苏州）排放系统有限公司 发动机排气后处理混合装置及其后处理装置与应用
CN107435969A (zh) * 2017-10-03 2017-12-05 吴联凯 一种商用厨房油烟净化除尘系统
CN107435969B (zh) * 2017-10-03 2019-11-29 杭州福达医用设备有限公司 一种商用厨房油烟净化除尘系统

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US20080250776A1 (en) 2008-10-16
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