CN101285453A

CN101285453A - Super highly effective hollow direct drive generating plant possessing anti-gravity magnetic suspension bearing

Info

Publication number: CN101285453A
Application number: CNA2008100499781A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张静传
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2008-06-06
Filing date: 2008-06-06
Publication date: 2008-10-15

Abstract

The invention relates to ultra-high efficiency tubular direct driving type generating equipment provided with an antigravity magnetic suspension bearing. The generating equipment has a structure which is as follows: a non-reversed resistance wind wheel structure converts wind energy into mechanical energy; a tubular direct driving generator converts the mechanical energy into the electric energy; a controller converts and stores the electric energy generated by the generator; the upper part of a power linear overlapping wind wheel matrix is provided with a wind direction helm; a converting controller is arranged between the ultra-high efficiency tubular direct driving generator and an electric network to realize the connection of the tubular direct driving generator on a wind wheel matrix rotating shaft and the converting and storing of the electric energy generated by the generator through the controller; the wind direction helm is arranged on a fixed bracket of the wind wheel matrix by a cam rotating mechanism; the wind wheel matrix consists of the fixed bracket, a vane supporting rotating mechanism arranged inside the fixed bracket, a wind-facing vane and a wind-back vane arranged on the rotating mechanism; the wind wheel matrix is connected with the tubular direct driving generator by a connecting mechanism; and an output end of the wind wheel matrix is connected with the electric network by a cable. The ultra-high efficiency tubular direct driving type generating equipment has huge economic benefits and social benefits.

Description

Ultra high efficiency hollow direct drive generating plant with antigravity magnetic suspension bearing

One, technical field

The present invention relates to appliance field, particularly a kind of ultra high efficiency hollow direct drive generating plant with antigravity magnetic suspension bearing.

Two, background technique

The shortage of electric energy has been worldwide problem, therefore, the exploitation of new energy is that each state is all in the problem of making great efforts to solve always, wherein the development and use of wind energy have been the importance that people pay close attention to, and in Wind Power Utilization, low-grade energy efficiently to utilize another directly be the focus that the whole world is paid close attention to, wherein wind-power electricity generation is the typical case's representative among this.The wind-power generating system (equipment) that all is fit to national wind resource characteristics in the world in active research, and the present situation major part of China is to indiscriminately imitate advanced foreign technology, does not but make tangible innovation on the basis of assimilating.

China overwhelming majority area all is low-grade wind energy district, and therefore the wind-power generating system that designs according to external wind energy resources situation can only be installed in specific area, such as sea, the hilltop, air port etc.And this technology can't satisfy the demand of China's specific national conditions at all, has run into impassable obstacle thereby the large size of wind-power electricity generation is popularized.Starting wind speed such as traditional wind-driven generator is＞3m/s, and rated wind speed is 12m/s, and pressing rotating speed according to building of GB is 65%, can calculate the wind resource that is lower than 7m/s so and can't effectively utilize at all.Even because at this moment generator is rotating, but the electricity that sends is owing to be lower than the controller operating voltage, these electricity have all wasted because of storing.

Actual national conditions are that China surpasses 70% regional annual mean wind speed and is lower than 7m/s, so just can occur changeing as the generator of the wind and light complementary road lamp in city, solar panel quantity but loses minimizing, and the overall cost of street lamp can be in any more, and large size is promoted and is greatly limited.Therefore can the high-efficient wind generating system that go out a series of suitable China reality national conditions in conjunction with technological development leading in the world be the present problem that presses for solution most with (equipment).

Three, summary of the invention

At above-mentioned situation, for overcoming the deficiency of prior art, fundamentally solve existing power generation system and can't effectively utilize the bottleneck of low-grade energy, the present invention's purpose is exactly in conjunction with a kind of hollow direct drive generating plant with antigravity magnetic suspension bearing of providing of technological innovation leading in the world, the technological scheme that the present invention solves is: the no reverse resistance wind wheel structure by innovative design is a mechanical energy with wind energy transformation, use the hollow direct drive generator then mechanical energy is changed into electric energy, transformation of electrical energy and the storage that generator is sent by controller again, for load applications, the wind direction rudder is equipped with on the wind wheel matrix top that power is linear superposition, the hollow direct drive generator is with transform controller is housed between electrical network, realization is connected the hollow direct drive generator in the rotating shaft of wind wheel matrix and the electric energy that generator sends is carried out the control of conversion and storage, the wind direction rudder is contained on the fixed support of wind wheel matrix through cam drive, the wind wheel matrix is by fixed support and be contained in that blade in the fixed support supports rotating mechanism and the windward blades and the leeward blade that are contained on the rotating mechanism constitute, the wind wheel matrix is linked to each other with the hollow direct drive generator by bindiny mechanism, and hollow direct drive generator output end via controller is got access to grid by cable.

The alleged ultra high efficiency of the present invention is at the highest 59.3% the theoretical limit of being no more than of traditional wind energy utilization, the present invention surpasses traditional peak 59.3% to utilization ratio of wind energy, utilization ratio reaches 60-80%, still can effectively utilize generating, store less than the wind energy of 3m/s-7m/s wind speed, the wind energy utilization of low wind speed still can reach more than 60%, this is that existing any power generating equipment institute can't realize, so title efficiently or ultra high efficiency.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

1, the mechanical friction loss is minimum: by antigravity magnetic suspension bearing technology the mechanical friction that the gravity of Vertical direction causes is offset fully, the stress and the wearing and tearing of bearing have been reduced, prolonged the reliability and the operating life of whole system greatly, made the maintenance cost of system reduce to minimum;

2, mechanical energy conversion efficiency height: be not no more than 59.3% theoretical limit by there being the wind energy utilization that reverse resistance wind wheel technology fundamentally breaks through on the traditional theory;

3, automatic control is non-maintaining: the mechanical structure by automatic control turns to, and make the blade of wind wheel make corresponding adjustment according to the variation of wind direction automatically by cam, make wind wheel all be in optimal wind energy utilization district constantly;

4, noise free:, fundamentally eliminated the turning to and contact noise of blade of conventional electric generators by the low critical contact Blade Design of inertia;

5, efficient, high power density: make generator fundamentally eliminate slot effect and reluctance torque by the hollow direct drive generator techniques, and eliminated the iron loss of conventional electric generators.The efficient of generator is greatly improved like this, even generator all can start smoothly under minimum starting torque situation.Thereby the low-grade wind energy that is lower than 3m/s is utilized effectively;

6, stock utilization height: by what innovate halbach is gathered the magnetic arrayed applications in the present invention, the utilization ratio of magnetic material is increased substantially, and make the waveform of magnetic gap trend towards sine;

7, power can linear superposition: the power superimposing technique by innovation makes power generation system can satisfy the demand of different user upgrade expanding;

8, effectively realize energy storage: wide range AC, DC electrical energy transformer by innovation make low-grade energy can access effective utilization.

Four, description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the outside main overall construction drawing of looking of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the mechanical construction drawing that automatic control of the present invention turns to.

Fig. 3 is the External view of hollow low speed turntable generator of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the cut-away view of hollow low speed turntable generator of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is the outline drawing of antigravity magnetic suspension bearing of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is the structure principle chart of the poly-magnetic array of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is the structured flowchart of transformation of electrical energy controller of the present invention.

Five, embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is elaborated.

Provide by Fig. 1-Fig. 7, the present invention is that no reverse resistance wind wheel structure is a mechanical energy with wind energy transformation, use the hollow direct drive generator then mechanical energy is changed into electric energy, the transformation of electrical energy and the storage of generator being sent again by transform controller, for load applications, the wind direction rudder is equipped with on the wind wheel matrix top that power is linear superposition, the hollow direct drive generator is with transform controller is housed between electrical network, realization is connected the hollow direct drive generator in the rotating shaft of wind wheel matrix and the electric energy that generator sends is carried out the control of conversion and storage, wind direction rudder 1 is contained on the fixed support 3 of wind wheel matrix through cam drive 2 (being the mechanical structure that automatic control shown in Figure 2 turns to), the wind wheel matrix is by fixed support 3 and be contained in that blades in the fixed support 3 support rotating mechanisms 5 and the windward blades 4 and the leeward blade 6 that are contained on the rotating mechanism 5 constitute, the wind wheel matrix is linked to each other with hollow direct drive generator 8 by bindiny mechanism 7, and hollow direct drive generator 8 output terminals get access to grid 33 through transform controller by cable 9.

In order to guarantee using effect, said wind direction rudder 1 is contained in central rotating shaft 11 tops of fixed support 3, cam 10 is housed on the central rotating shaft of wind direction rudder 1 bottom, central rotating shaft 11 is contained in (central rotating shaft 11, cam 10 parts on the fixed support 3 of wind wheel matrix through bearing, can be two-in-one, replace with bent axle, act on identical, that is to say that bent axle is contained in wind direction rudder 1 bottom, by 1 short its rotation of wind direction rudder);

The fixed support 3 of said wind wheel matrix is by up and down two frames and two vertical rods are formed, a Returnning spring 13 and an end are housed in the upper ledge the T type rack gearing 12 of driving rack 14, the groove corresponding with upper ledge arranged on the lower frame, be used to place bearing and axle sleeve, realize the fixed-site of fan blade and the direction of adjustment fan blade, driving rack 14 is meshed with driving gear 15, driving gear 15 is contained in the rotating shaft 16 of blade, by T type rack gearing 12, the mechanical structure that Returnning spring 13 and driving gear 15 are formed makes the wind direction tracking of wind direction rudder feed back on the blade in real time, thereby blade real-time tracking wind direction is changed, to reach the optimal wind energy utilization factor;

The wind wheel matrix can also link to each other with generator with additive method, as if it is the same to unfurl an umbrella, installs several fixed bases additional under handle of umbrella, and base is connected with generator again;

Said hollow direct drive generator is the hollow air gaps, birotor permanent magnetic body halbach gathers the magnetic array structure, by shell, two-sided rotor rim, stator base, the hollow staor winding constitutes, shell and two-sided rotor rim 17 place on the stator base 18, generator is played fixing and supporting effect, two-spool poly-magnetic array 20 is arranged at the stator base top in shell and two-sided rotor rim 17, should constitute by the halbach array by poly-magnetic array, make the utilization ratio in magnetic field higher, the sine degree of waveform is better, on the two-spool poly-magnetic array 20 back yoke 21 is housed, mainly play demagnetizing effect, there is hollow staor winding 24 centre of two-spool poly-magnetic array 20 and two-spool back yoke 21, rotate cutting stator hollow winding by the two arrays of poly-magnetic, realize the conversion of energy, the top of stator and rotor is in turntable bearing 23 is contained in shell 22 or shell 22 lower ends, hollow staor winding 24 places on the bottom surface 19 of base of generator, the turntable bearing of generator can be installed in the top of stator and rotor, also can be installed in the bottom of stator and rotor according to concrete needs;

Said turntable bearing 23 is the antigravity magnetic suspension bearing, be contained in by upper magnetic steel 26, lower magnetic steel 27 in the rotating shaft 25 of wind wheel and constitute, the characteristic of utilizing the high remanent magnetism of thulium permanent magnet and coercivity and the magnet same sex to repel each other, two annular magnetic steels of the same sex are arranged relatively, offset the wind wheel matrix because the frictional force that gravity brings by repulsion, reduce the wearing and tearing of bearing, increased the reliability of system, reduced maintenance cost.

The poly-magnetic array of said halbach is by shown in Figure 6, be to be that magnet 28, the magnetizing direction of S under the last N is that the magnet 29 of the right N of left S and the magnet 30 that magnetizing direction is N under the last S constitute successively by magnetizing direction, by can obviously find out the poly-magnetic effect of this poly-magnetic array to two place's magnetic line of force distribution situations up and down of the last magnetic line of force 31 and lower magnetic force line 32, should poly-magnetic array be the halbach array of selecting 90 degree magnetizing directions for use, can also use 60 degree by conversion, the array that 45 degree magnetize and distribute.

Said transform controller is provided by Fig. 7, hollow direct drive generator 8 output termination three-phase rectifiers 34, three-phase rectifier connects charge controller 36 through wide range switch (AC, DC) 35, and backup battery 38 is arranged on the charge controller, and charge controller gets access to grid 33 through inverter controller 37 by cable 9; In said structure; wherein generator 8 mainly is to finish the efficient conversion of mechanical energy to electric energy; three-phase rectifier 34 changes into the threephase AC of generator output the direct current of pulsation efficiently; three-phase rectifier mainly is to convert the Rectified alternating current that rectification is come to constant direct current efficiently through wide range switch AC-DC wide range rectifying pressurizer 35; backup battery charge controller 36 is mainly finished the battery-efficient charge and discharge protecting; inverter controller 37 direct-current high-efficiency is reverse into that sinusoidal ac uses for the user or switching in electrical network; backup battery 38 mainly has been buffering and energy storage effect; electrical network 33 converts the electric energy form that can directly be incorporated into the power networks by the electric energy that this power generation system sends to through inverter controller; directly switching is finished the efficient conversion of mechanical energy to electric energy in electrical network.

In said structure, wherein wind direction rudder 1 is to realize the wind direction real-time tracking, cam drive 2 through the wind direction rudder real-time wind direction is passed to cam mechanism by rotating shaft, cam mechanism is adjusted the direction of every blade in the wind wheel matrix automatically by the rotation of self, make the wind wheel matrix all be in best Wind Power Utilization district constantly, the fixed support 3 of wind wheel matrix is to provide one to support reliably and adjust to each blade, windward blades 4 is by the cam drive adjustment, blade is all launched side by side, make it the wind face of sweeping that reaches maximum.And the rotating shaft of blade is in the middle of blade, can reduce the rotary inertia and the reduction of blade like this, blade supports rotating mechanism 5 and makes the tracking wind direction that blade can be real-time and make corresponding adjustment by this mechanism, leeward blade 6 makes the direction blade of lee face identical with wind direction by cam, make the windage of lee face can reduce to minimum, wind wheel and generator are directly passed to hollow direct drive generator in the base by bindiny mechanism 7 with the mechanical energy of wind wheel, transform controller and backup battery are contained in the base, cam 10 is used for adjusting direction blade, central rotating shaft 11 is by wind direction rudder real-time tracking wind direction, by rotating shaft wind direction is passed to cam in real time then, make cam carry out the direction adjustment of blade.

The blade of the wind wheel matrix described in the present invention can be made corresponding adjustment automatically according to the variation of wind direction, and the mechanical energy of wind energy conversion being come by rotating shaft passes to the hollow direct drive generator efficiently, and the electric energy that generator is sent carries out efficient conversion and storage by the transformation of electrical energy controller then; The wind wheel matrix is to realize the linear increase of power by linear superposition, make mechanical friction reduce to minimum by the antigravity magnetic suspension bearing, the wind wheel blade rotating shaft is in the centre of blade, and adjust the rolling bearing of gear and be connected on the fixed support of whole wind wheel matrix by having direction, wind wheel integral body can be in-line, also can be criss-cross form structure; The birotor permanent magnetic body of hollow direct drive generator adopts the poly-magnetic array of halbach, described permanent magnet array south poles is alternately distributed, and quantity is 2 multiple, and described array can be 45 degree, 60 degree and 90 are spent the distribution of magnetizing, and described magnet is shaped as the cuboid that thickness equates; The hollow direct drive generator adopts hollow air gaps structure, makes generator not have slot effect, the poly-magnetic array symmetry of permanent magnetism be distributed in hollow winding both sides; Connect by bearing between wind direction rudder and the wind wheel matrix, the automatic adjustment of wind wheel matrix blade is to drive cam mechanism by the wind direction rudder to rotate, and the rotation of cam makes wind wheel blade realize that according to the difference of wind direction wind direction is from motion tracking; Be critical contact between the blade, realize that noise free rotates between having guaranteed the adjustment period of direction blade; Realize relative movement by turntable bearing between the stator of hollow direct drive generator and the double rotor, turntable bearing can be realized gravitational direction and thrust radially, and turntable bearing can be installed on the top of stator, also can be installed in stator and rotor bottom; The electric energy switching controller carries out rectifying and voltage-stabilizing by wide range AC-DC, efficiently stores then, to realize the efficient conversion of electric energy.

By above-mentioned situation as can be seen, specific power height of the present invention, power are big, low-speed direct driving, starting torque is little, overload capacity is strong, reliability is high, power can linear superposition, for efficient utilization of the large size of low-grade energy provides technical guarantee.Therefore, this system is widely used in occasions such as wind-force, waterpower and other fluid power-generation, wind light mutual complementing, sea wave as well as tide generating.

Working condition of the present invention is, wind energy is converted to mechanical energy by the wind wheel matrix efficiently with wind energy, the mechanical energy of conversion being come by the hollow direct drive generator changes into electric energy efficiently then, by the transformation of electrical energy controller electric energy that generator sends is efficiently stored and inversion, the sinusoidal threephase AC switching that at last inversion is come out is in electrical network again.

It is to be noted; although more than needs in order to describe; preferred implementation of the present invention is disclosed; should be understood that; for those of ordinary skill in the art; make principle according to same invention of the present invention, can also make some distortion and improvement, but these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1, a kind of ultra high efficiency hollow direct drive generating plant with antigravity magnetic suspension bearing, it is characterized in that, not having reverse resistance wind wheel structure is mechanical energy with wind energy transformation, the hollow direct drive generator changes into electric energy with mechanical energy, the transformation of electrical energy and the storage of generator being sent again by transform controller, for load applications, the wind direction rudder is equipped with on the wind wheel matrix top that power is linear superposition, the hollow direct drive generator is with transform controller is housed between electrical network, realization is connected the hollow direct drive generator in the rotating shaft of wind wheel matrix and the electric energy that generator sends is carried out the control of conversion and storage, wind direction rudder (1) is contained on the fixed support (3) of wind wheel matrix through cam drive (2), the wind wheel matrix is by fixed support (3) and be contained in blade in the fixed support (3) and support rotating mechanism (5) and be contained in windward blades (4) and leeward blade (6) formation on the rotating mechanism (5), the wind wheel matrix is linked to each other with hollow direct drive generator (8) by bindiny mechanism (7), hollow direct drive generator (8) output terminal through transform controller by cable (9) get access to grid (33).

2, the ultra high efficiency hollow direct drive generating plant with antigravity magnetic suspension bearing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, said wind direction rudder (1) is contained in central rotating shaft (11) top of fixed support (3), cam (10) is housed on the central rotating shaft of wind direction rudder (1) bottom, central rotating shaft (11) upward or by bent axle is contained in wind direction rudder (1) bottom through the fixed support (3) that bearing is contained in the wind wheel matrix, by short its rotation of wind direction rudder (1).

3, ultra high efficiency hollow direct drive generating plant with antigravity magnetic suspension bearing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the fixed support of said wind wheel matrix (3) is by up and down two frames and two vertical rods are formed, a Returnning spring (13) and an end are housed in the upper ledge the T type rack gearing (12) of driving rack (14), the groove corresponding with upper ledge arranged on the lower frame, be used to place bearing and axle sleeve, realize the fixed-site of fan blade and the direction of adjustment fan blade, the same driving gear of driving rack (14) (15) is meshed, driving gear (15) is contained in the rotating shaft (16) of blade, by T type rack gearing (12), the mechanical structure that Returnning spring (13) and driving gear (15) are formed feeds back on the blade wind direction tracking of wind direction rudder in real time.

4, ultra high efficiency hollow direct drive generating plant with antigravity magnetic suspension bearing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, said hollow direct drive generator is the hollow air gaps, birotor permanent magnetic body halbach gathers the magnetic array structure, by shell, two-sided rotor rim, stator base, the hollow staor winding constitutes, shell and two-sided rotor rim (17) place on the stator base (18), generator is played fixing and supporting effect, two-spool poly-magnetic array (20) is arranged at the stator base top in shell and two-sided rotor rim (17), should constitute by the halbach array by poly-magnetic array, back yoke (21) is housed on the two-spool poly-magnetic array (20), there is hollow staor winding (24) centre of two-spool poly-magnetic array (20) and two-spool back yoke (21), rotate cutting stator hollow winding by the two arrays of poly-magnetic, realize the conversion of energy, the top of stator and rotor is in turntable bearing (23) is contained in shell (22) or shell (22) lower end, hollow staor winding (24) places on the bottom surface (19) of the base of generator, and the turntable bearing of generator is installed in the top of stator and rotor or the bottom of stator and rotor.

5, the ultra high efficiency hollow direct drive generating plant with antigravity magnetic suspension bearing according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, said turntable bearing (23) is the antigravity magnetic suspension bearing, and formation is gone up in the rotating shaft (25) that is contained in wind wheel by upper magnetic steel (26), lower magnetic steel (27).

6, the ultra high efficiency hollow direct drive generating plant with antigravity magnetic suspension bearing according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the poly-magnetic array of said halbach is to be that magnet (28), the magnetizing direction of S under the last N is that the magnet (29) of the right N of left S and magnet (30) that magnetizing direction is N under the last S constitute by magnetizing direction successively, and this poly-magnetic array is the halbach array of 90 degree magnetizing directions or by the magnetize array of distribution of conversion 60 degree, 45 degree.

7, the ultra high efficiency hollow direct drive generating plant with antigravity magnetic suspension bearing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, said transform controller is by hollow direct drive generator (8) output termination three-phase rectifier (34), three-phase rectifier connects charge controller (36) through wide range switch (35), backup battery (38) is arranged on the charge controller, charge controller through inverter controller (37) by cable (9) get access to grid (33).

8, the ultra high efficiency hollow direct drive generating plant with antigravity magnetic suspension bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is critical contact between the blade of said windward blades (4), leeward blade (6), and noise free rotates.

9, the ultra high efficiency hollow direct drive generating plant with antigravity magnetic suspension bearing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, said cam drive (2) through wind direction rudder (1) real-time wind direction is passed to cam mechanism by rotating shaft, adjust the direction of every blade in the wind wheel matrix, the wind wheel matrix all is in best Wind Power Utilization district constantly, windward blades (4) all launches blade by the cam drive adjustment side by side, reaches maximum and sweeps the wind face.