CN101283003B - Aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent and production process thereof - Google Patents

Aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent and production process thereof Download PDF

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CN101283003B
CN101283003B CN2006800363780A CN200680036378A CN101283003B CN 101283003 B CN101283003 B CN 101283003B CN 2006800363780 A CN2006800363780 A CN 2006800363780A CN 200680036378 A CN200680036378 A CN 200680036378A CN 101283003 B CN101283003 B CN 101283003B
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liquid
aqueous
absorbing agent
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CN101283003A (en
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池内博之
阪本繁
町田沙耶加
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Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
    • C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
    • C08F220/04—Acids; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
    • C08F220/06—Acrylic acid; Methacrylic acid; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F222/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof
    • C08F222/10—Esters
    • C08F222/1006—Esters of polyhydric alcohols or polyhydric phenols
    • C08F222/102—Esters of polyhydric alcohols or polyhydric phenols of dialcohols, e.g. ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate or 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
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Abstract

The present invention provides an aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent which comprises water-absorbent resin particles as essential components and is suitable for uses in sanitary materials. The aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent according to the present invention is an aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent comprising water-absorbent resin particles as essential components, wherein the water-absorbent resin particles are obtained by a process including the step of polymerizing a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a carboxyl group, and have a crosslinked structure in their inside, the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent exhibiting a water absorption capacity (CRC) of 5 to 25 g/g and a saline flow conductivity (SFC) of not less than 1216cm<3>s10<-7>/g.

Description

Aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent and its production method
Technical field
The present invention relates to aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent and its production method.More particularly, the present invention relates to aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent and its production method, wherein this aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent is advantageously used in sanitary material as diaper.
Background technology
So far, absorbent resin is had outstanding performance in uptake rate, absorbed dose with to liquid, aqueous reservation, and, therefore for body fluid absorbs purpose, by (if necessary), with fibrous material, as cellulosic fibre, trevira, polyethylene fibre and/or polypropylene fibre, mix to come the component as the absorbent structure of diaper as sanitary material.
In recent years, along with the more demands as the attenuation of diaper to sanitary material, in absorbent structure, the ratio of absorbent resin tends to improve (for example, referring to following patent documentation 1).In order to realize thinner sanitary material, wish that filamentary material is substituted by absorbent resin in order to further improve the ratio of absorbent resin in absorbent structure.
Absorbent resin shows excellence inherently absorbing and retain aspect liquid, aqueous characteristic.Yet, fibrous material in these characteristics, particularly to retain aspect liquid, aqueous characteristic be weak, and has the characteristic different from those characteristics of common absorbent resin.Therefore, as the following absorbent resin of these demands of response, must develop and there is the absorbent resin of the characteristic of fibrous material in common absorbent structure.Example for the desired characteristic of this type of absorbent resin of the characteristic with fibrous material comprises: absorb fast liquid, aqueous characteristic; Spread this liquid, aqueous characteristic after absorption is liquid, aqueous; With can absorb liquid, aqueous after temporary transient this liquid, aqueous characteristic of reservation.Therefore, the exploitation that has an absorbent resin of these characteristics is desirable.
Example as this type of absorbent resin, reported and do not carried out surface-crosslinked but scribble the absorbent resin that on the surface of absorbent resin, does not form the cationic polymers of covalent linkage, with hydraulic permeability, uptake rate and the wet porosity (for example, referring to patent documentation 2 and 3) that realizes low receptivity and enhancing.
The brochure of [patent documentation 1] WO95/26209
The specification sheets of [patent documentation 2] european patent application publication No.1518566
The specification sheets of [patent documentation 3] european patent application publication No.1518567
Of the present invention open
As previously described, in patent documentation 2 and 3 in each disclosed absorbent resin surface-crosslinked by not carrying out, scribble that the cationic polymers that on the surface of absorbent resin, do not form covalent linkage do not obtain.Yet the technology that applies cationic polymers for absorbent resin has shortcomings, cationic polymers itself is expensive and because the high viscosity of cationic polymers is difficult to apply equably absorbent resin with it.In addition, this technology causes the problem such as bonding, interior poly-, painted and reduction mobility water-absorbent besin particles after the coating processing usually.The problem relevant with this type of absorbent resin is likely and reduces as the thickness of diaper due to sanitary material and the problem that increase was brought of the concentration of absorbent resin in sanitary material.
The purpose of this invention is to provide and be suitable for thinner sanitary material as the realization of diaper and contain the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of absorbent resin as main ingredient, and its production method.That is to say, the purpose of this invention is to provide the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the characteristic with fibrous material, that is: absorb fast liquid, aqueous characteristic; Spread this liquid, aqueous characteristic after absorption is liquid, aqueous; With can temporarily after liquid, aqueous retain this liquid, aqueous characteristic absorbing, and be suitable for purposes and other purposes of sanitary material.
In order to address the above problem, aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention is to contain the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of water-absorbent besin particles as main ingredient, wherein this water-absorbent besin particles is the method acquisition of the step by comprising the water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer that polymerization contains carboxyl, inside at them has crosslinking structure, and be surface-crosslinked, this aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent is characterised in that the water receptivity (CRC) that demonstrates 5-25g/g and is no less than 1216cm 3s10 -7the salt solution water conservancy diversion rate (SFC) of/g.
According to aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention, advantageously make uptake rate (FSR) be not less than 0.1g/g/s.In addition, aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention advantageously makes wet porosity be not less than 20%.
In addition, aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention particle shape and wherein to be no less than 90wt% be the form with particle of the particle diameter in 150-850 μ m scope advantageously.Further again, advantageously, at least a portion of water-absorbent besin particles is agglomerate particles.Aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention advantageously further comprises the hydraulic permeability toughener.
In order to address the above problem, according to the production method of aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention, be demonstrate the water receptivity (CRC) of 5-25g/g and be no less than 1216cm 3s10 -7the production method of the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the salt solution water conservancy diversion rate (SFC) of/g, the method comprises the following steps: that (a) can form under the existence of internal crosslinking agent of functional group of covalent linkage with carboxyl separately having at least four, in the monomer solution of the water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer that includes carboxyl, polymerization has the water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer of carboxyl, therefore obtains hydropolymer (hydropolymer); (b) be not less than the dry hydropolymer obtained at the temperature of 150 ℃ in step (a), so obtaining water-absorbent besin particles; (c) the surface-crosslinked water-absorbent besin particles obtained in step (b), wherein with respect to the water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer that carboxyl is arranged, the amount of the internal crosslinking agent used (Y) (mol%) is expressed by following equation (1): Y>=0.06/{2-(2.35X/100) } ... (1), in formula, X is the degree of neutralization (mol%) of carboxyl in water-absorbent besin particles and in the 45-85mol% scope.
In addition, advantageously further comprise according to the production method of aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention the step of at least before or after step (b), pulverizing the hydropolymer obtained or the water-absorbent besin particles obtained.
Still further, advantageously making at least a portion of water-absorbent besin particles according to the production method of aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention is agglomerate particles.
In addition, allow water-absorbent besin particles be processed the step that realizes that hydraulic permeability strengthens before or after advantageously further being included in step (c) according to the production method of aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention.The processing that hydraulic permeability strengthens can be undertaken by adding the hydraulic permeability toughener.This hydraulic permeability toughener advantageously is selected from least one compound in water-soluble polyvalent metal compounds and water-soluble poly cation compound.
Further, advantageously require monomer solution to have not only to be not less than 35wt% according to the production method of aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention but also not higher than the monomer concentration of saturation concentration.
As mentioned above, aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention is to contain water-absorbent besin particles as main ingredient, that crosslinking structure is arranged in water-absorbent besin particles inside and carry out surface-crosslinked a kind of aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent, this water-absorbent besin particles is that the method for the step by comprising polywater dissolubility ethylenically unsaturated monomer obtains, and the feature of this aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent is in the water receptivity (CRC) that demonstrates 5-25g/g and be no less than 1216cm 3s10 -7the salt solution water conservancy diversion rate (SFC) of/g.Therefore, for example, if sanitary material as the absorbent structure in diaper by constructing containing with good grounds aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention, can obtain the hydraulic permeability of the excellence in swell gel, and this liquid, aqueously can diffuse through wider scope.This likely uses aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent according to the present invention to substitute the fibrous material for the absorbent structure of sanitary material, and it has brought significant improvement in the use of sanitary material and in other purposes, as thinner sanitary material
The summary of accompanying drawing
Fig. 1 is the schematic cross sectional views of the measuring apparatus for measuring AAP.
Fig. 2 is the schematic cross sectional views of the measuring apparatus for measuring SFC.
Fig. 3 is the schematic cross sectional views of the part of the measuring apparatus for measuring SFC.
Fig. 4 is the fish-eye view of the piston head of the measuring apparatus for measuring SFC.
Carry out best mode of the present invention
Below, provide detailed explanation about the present invention.Yet scope of the present invention is not limited to these narrations.And the example except following illustrative example also can carry out according to the suitable improved form of following illustrative example without departing from the spirit of the invention within the scope.
In the present invention, suppose that following each value obtains by following described measuring method in an embodiment: (a) water receptivity (CRC, centrifugal stop ability), (b) AAP (specific absorption under pressure), (c) uptake rate (FSR: free swell speed), (d) SFC: salt solution water conservancy diversion rate, (e) wet porosity, (f) particle diameter, (g) logstandard deviation of size distribution (σ ζ), (h) tap density, and the component concentration that (i) can extract.It should be pointed out that in the present invention " weight " is used as the synonym of " quality ", and " % by weight " is used as the synonym of " quality % ".
The inventor has determined to study diligently to overcome the above problems.Then, the inventor determines from the past experience of self, the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent addressed the above problem must be included in water-absorbent besin particles that its inside has crosslinking structure as main ingredient, and this water-absorbent besin particles is by comprising that polymerization has the method for step of the water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer of carboxyl to obtain.
Absorbent resin shows excellence inherently absorbing and retain aspect liquid, aqueous characteristic.Yet, for the fibrous material of this absorbent structure, aspect the characteristic of liquid, aqueous hydraulic permeability, be excellent, retain this liquid, aqueous characteristic but almost lack.Consider this point, the inventor has been found that by containing surface-crosslinked water-absorbent besin particles as main ingredient in aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent, likely obtains the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of excellence aspect the above-mentioned characteristic of fibrous material.
Therefore, the inventor comprises the hypothesis of above water-absorbent besin particles as main ingredient based on aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent subsequently, the characteristics design of aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent has been carried out to a series of various research, wherein water-absorbent besin particles is by comprising that polymerization has the method for step of the water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer of carboxyl to obtain, and has crosslinking structure in their inside and is surface-crosslinked.Result, the inventor has been found that, in order to make above aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent there is the characteristic for the fibrous material of absorbent structure, comprise that above water-absorbent besin particles need to demonstrate the water receptivity (CRC) of 5-25g/g as the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of main ingredient, this water receptivity is absorption and retains liquid, aqueous index of speciality.In addition, the inventor further finds, for allow above aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent absorb liquid, aqueous after further vertically and spread rapidly on horizontal direction that this is liquid, aqueous, above aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent advantageously demonstrates and is no less than 1216cm 3s10 -7the salt solution water conservancy diversion rate (SFC) of/g, this salt solution water conservancy diversion rate be under load in swell gel the index of speciality of hydraulic permeability.Then, the inventor is by also conceiving preparation and carrying out specific structure and the production method of the above scheme and then confirm that their function and effect complete the present invention.Therefore, the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent (it is purpose of the present invention) had for the characteristic of the fibrous material of absorbent structure likely is provided in one way, and this mode makes common hope have to be no less than 30g/g or the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent that is no less than the high water-retaining capacity (CRC) of 40g/g has the low water-retaining capacity (CRC) of 5-25g/g and is no less than 1216cm 3s10 -7the salt solution water conservancy diversion rate (SFC) of/g.
The inventor further finds, in order to allow aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent promptly absorb that this is liquid, aqueous, uptake rate (FSR) advantageously is no less than 0.1g/g/s, on the other hand, can further temporarily retain this liquid, aqueous liquid, aqueous save power in order to allow above aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent have promptly absorbing after liquid, aqueous, above aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent advantageously demonstrates the wet porosity that is no less than 20%, should wet porosity be under load in the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of swelling (soaking) index of the ratio of formed gel coat mesoporosity volume, volume with respect to gel coat.It is pointed out that aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent can once absorb liquid, aqueous along with wet porosity becomes higher, temporarily promptly retain that this is liquid, aqueous, and then spread that this is temporarily stored liquid, aqueous, because large hole is arranged betwixt.Simultaneously, can say that wet porosity is the index that can be retained in the amount of the liquid between gel, this gel is different from and is absorbed by absorbent resin and be present in liquid, aqueous in gel.Therefore, along with wet porosity becomes higher, after absorption is liquid, aqueous, except the liquid be absorbed in wherein, aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent can retain more liquid, aqueous betwixt again.
(1) according to aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention
Aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent according to the present invention is to contain the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of water-absorbent besin particles as main ingredient, wherein water-absorbent besin particles is the method acquisition of the step by comprising the water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer that polymerization contains carboxyl, have crosslinking structure in their inside and be surface-crosslinked, this aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent is characterised in that the water receptivity (CRC) that demonstrates 5-25g/g and is no less than 1216cm 3s10 -7the salt solution water conservancy diversion rate (SFC) of/g.
Aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent in the present invention refers to the reagent for liquid, aqueous absorption and immobilization (solidification), and this reagent comprises water-absorbent besin particles as main ingredient and further comprises if necessary a small amount of or very small amount of additive or water." as the water-absorbent besin particles of main ingredient " refers to 50wt% or more water-absorbent besin particles content here, with respect to whole aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent.Water-absorbent besin particles content is advantageously at 60-100wt%, more advantageously at 70-100wt%, more more advantageously at 80-100wt%, still more advantageously in the scope of 90-100wt%, with respect to whole aqueous-liquid-absorbing agents.As a small amount of or very small amount of component, usually, water is included in wherein as the main or important component of this component, and further example hydraulic permeability toughener or additive as described below.
By the way, to liquid, aqueous, be not particularly limited, if it contains water.Liquid, aqueous example comprises: water; Urine; Blood; Movement; Waste liquid; Moisture; Steam; Ice; The mixture of water and organic and/or inorganic solvent; Rainwater; And underground water.Yet advantageously, aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention is as absorption and the immobilized reagent of urine (particularly people's urine).
In the present invention, absorbent resin refers to and can form hydrogel, water-swellable and water-insoluble cross-linked polymer.Generally, term " water-swellable " refers to and absorbs a large amount of water, for example basically is no less than 5 times of absorbent resin deadweight, more advantageously is no less than 10 times, more more advantageously is no less than 20 times, particularly advantageously 50-1000 ion exchanged water doubly.Can also say, " water-swellable " cross-linked polymer is to have to be no less than 5, more advantageously is no less than 10, more more advantageously is no less than 20, especially advantageously the cross-linked polymer of 50-1000 " the water receptivity in ion exchanged water " simultaneously." the water receptivity in ion exchanged water " is that the method identical according to water receptivity (CRC) measuring method with following obtains, and just in ion exchanged water, measures and use the absorbent resin of 0.020g or the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent object as measurement.
Term " water-insoluble " refers to the gross weight with respect to absorbent resin, contain advantageously 0-50wt% in absorbent resin, more advantageously be no more than 25wt%, more advantageously be no more than again 20wt%, but the content of the uncrosslinked extraction components (water-soluble polymers) in following ranges more advantageously more still.These measurements are carried out according to embodiments of the invention.
Can form the specific examples with water-insoluble cross-linked polymer or its particle hydrogel, water-swellable comprises: the part neutralization of poly-(vinylformic acid) and crosslinked polymkeric substance (USP4 for example, 625,001, USP 4,654,039, USP 5,250,640, USP 5,275,773, EP0456136); The graftomer (USP4,076,663) of the crosslinked and part neutralization of Starch with Acrylic Acid; The multipolymer of iso-butylene-toxilic acid (USP 4,389,513); Vinyl-acetic ester-acrylic acid saponified copolymer (USP 4,124,748); The hydrolysis of acrylamide (being total to) polymkeric substance (USP 3,959,569); Hydrating polymer (USP 3,935,099) with vinyl cyanide.
Can be used in advantageously 100% particle shape of water-absorbent besin particles in the present invention.The example of particle shape comprises: spherical; The shape of the aggregation of ball; The shape of flat sphere-like; The shape of irregular pulverizing; The shape of the aggregation of irregular pulverised material and the foam shape with hole.By the way, in the present invention, water-absorbent besin particles can refer to absorbent resin simply.
(1-1) aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention below will be described, (1-2) contained absorbent resin in aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention, and (1-3) be different from the component of water-absorbent besin particles.
(1-1) aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention
Aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent according to the present invention demonstrates 5-25g/g, more advantageously the water receptivity (CRC) of 9-20g/g-absorb and retain liquid, aqueous index of speciality.Its higher limit is 25g/g, 22g/g more advantageously, 20g/g more advantageously, 18g/g more advantageously, more more advantageously 16g/g, especially advantageously 14g/g, the most advantageously 12g/g.Its lower value is 5g/g, 9g/g more advantageously, then 10g/g more advantageously.
Therefore, the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent (it is purpose of the present invention) had for the characteristic of the fibrous material of absorbent structure likely is provided in one way, and this mode makes common hope have to be no less than 30g/g or the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent that is no less than the high water-retaining capacity (CRC) of 40g/g has the low water-retaining capacity (CRC) of 5-25g/g and is no less than 1216cm 3s10 -7the salt solution water conservancy diversion rate (SFC) of/g.Situation for water receptivity (CRC) lower than 5g/g, for example must be used aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent in a large number, and diaper adversely becomes too thick like this.Be greater than the situation of 25g/g for water receptivity (CRC), have a kind of possibility: hydraulic permeability may be inferior.
Aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent according to the present invention demonstrates and is no less than 1216cm 3s10 -7/ g, more advantageously be no less than 1300cm 3s10 -7/ g, more advantageously be no less than 1400cm 3s10 -7/ g, more more advantageously be no less than 1450cm 3s10 -7/ g, especially advantageously be no less than 1500cm 3s10 -7/ g, the most advantageously be no less than 1600cm 3s10 -7the salt solution water conservancy diversion rate (SFC) of/g.Higher limit to it is not particularly limited, but higher limit advantageously is no more than 4000cm 3s10 -7/ g, more advantageously be no more than 3000cm 3s10 -7/ g.
Salt solution water conservancy diversion rate (SFC) means under load the index of speciality of hydraulic permeability in swell gel.Situation for SFC in above-mentioned scope, aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent can absorb liquid, aqueous after further vertically and horizontal direction spread rapidly that this is liquid, aqueous.For salt solution water conservancy diversion rate (SFC) lower than 1216cm 3s10 -7the situation of/g, for example have a kind of possibility: urine is seepage adversely, rather than diffusion fully in absorbent structure.
Aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent according to the present invention has been taken into account two kinds of physicalies with good balance, that is, and and the water receptivity (CRC) of 5-25g/g and be no less than 1216cm 3s10 -7the salt solution water conservancy diversion rate (SFC) of/g.Therefore, this reagent can be brought into play effect of the present invention fully.Situation about adversely being short of for the even a kind of performance in these physicalies has a kind of possibility: can not obtain fully effect of the present invention.
Advantageously demonstrate and be no less than 0.1g/g/s according to aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention, more advantageously be no less than 0.15g/g/s, more advantageously be no less than again 0.2g/g/s, especially advantageously be no less than 0.25g/g/s, the most advantageously be no less than the uptake rate (FSR) of 0.3g/g/s.Higher limit to it is not particularly limited, but advantageously is no more than 5g/g/s, more advantageously is no more than 2g/g/s, more more advantageously is no more than 1g/g/s.It is liquid, aqueous that this allows aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention promptly to absorb.For example, when this reagent is used for diaper, urinates by transient absorption but there is no seepage.Situation for uptake rate (FSR) lower than 0.1g/g/s for example has a kind of possibility: when this reagent is used for diaper, seepage adversely occurs rather than is absorbed fully in urine.
Aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent according to the present invention advantageously demonstrates and is no less than 20%, more advantageously is no less than 30%, more more advantageously is no less than 35%, especially advantageously is no less than 40% wet porosity.Higher limit to it is not particularly limited, but advantageously is no more than 60%, more advantageously is no more than 50%.
Wet porosity is the index of the ratio of void content between the gel coat formed in the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of swelling (soaking) under load (with respect to the volume of gel coat).For the wet situation of porosity in above scope, aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent can once absorb liquid, aqueous, temporarily promptly retains that this is liquid, aqueous, and then spreads that this is temporarily stored liquid, aqueous, because large hole is arranged betwixt.In addition, this aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent can be different from a large amount of liquid of reservation between liquid, aqueous gel, and this is liquid, aqueous is absorbed by absorbent resin and is present in gel.Therefore, after absorption is liquid, aqueous, except the liquid be absorbed in wherein, aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent can retain more liquid, aqueous betwixt again.For the situation of porosity lower than 20% that wet, when this reagent is used for diaper, for example have the possibility of the rewetting amount that causes increase, if relatively large homaluria.
Aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent according to the present invention has been taken into account four kinds of physicalies with good balance,, is no less than the uptake rate (FSR) of 0.1g/g/s that is, and 5 to 25g/g water receptivity (CRC), be no less than 1216cm 3s10 -7the salt solution water conservancy diversion rate (SFC) of/g, and be no less than 20% wet porosity.Therefore, this reagent can be brought into play effect of the present invention more fully.
Aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent according to the present invention demonstrates advantageously between 5-25g/g, more advantageously the specific absorption under pressure (AAP) of 11-22g/g.Situation for the specific absorption under pressure (AAP) lower than 5g/g, for example must be used aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent in a large number, and diaper adversely becomes too thick like this.Be greater than the situation of 25g/g for the specific absorption under pressure (AAP), have a kind of possibility: hydraulic permeability may be inferior.
As for aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent according to the present invention, by by the specific absorption (AAP) under pressure divided by the resulting value of water receptivity (CRC) (AAP/CRC) advantageously between 1.00-2.20, more advantageously between 1.10-2.00, more more advantageously between 1.15-1.90.For the specific absorption by under pressure (AAP) divided by the resulting value of water receptivity (CRC) (AAP/CRC) lower than 1.00 situation, for example must use in a large number aqueous-liquid-absorbing agents, diaper adversely becomes too thick like this.The situation that is greater than 2.20 divided by the resulting value of water receptivity (CRC) (AAP/CRC) for the specific absorption by under pressure (AAP), when this reagent is used for diaper, for example can have the shortcoming that causes large rewetting amount.As for common water-absorbent besin particles, this AAP/CRC is lower than 1.00.Yet aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent according to the present invention is further characterized in that this AAP/CRC is in above favourable scope.
Aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent according to the present invention has advantageously between 0-15wt%, more advantageously between 0-10wt%, but then the extraction components content between 0-8wt% more advantageously.But the situation for extraction components content higher than 15wt% for example has following possibility: when for diaper, this reagent can cause fash.
Shape according to aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention is not particularly limited, if it meets above-mentioned physicals.This shape is particle shape advantageously, but can comprise for example sheet shape and fiber shape.
Be granular situation for the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent used in the present invention, particle diameter and the size distribution of this reagent is not particularly limited.Yet, in order to bring into play more effect of the present invention, advantageously the weight average particle diameter of this reagent is at 150-850 μ m again, 150-600 μ m more advantageously, 150-500 μ m more advantageously, 200-400 μ m more advantageously, more more advantageously in the scope of 250-380 μ m; And also advantageously, the logstandard deviation of this reagent (σ ζ) is advantageously at 0.1-0.45,0.2-0.45 more advantageously, then 0.25-0.40 more advantageously, still more advantageously in the scope of 0.30-0.35.The low logstandard deviation (σ ζ) of size distribution shows narrower size distribution.Yet, in water-absorbent besin particles of the present invention and aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent, important is not simple narrow size distribution, but wide size distribution to a certain extent.Lower than 0.1 the time, not only can not obtain target property, and throughput seriously descends when logstandard deviation (σ ζ).When logstandard deviation (σ ζ) surpasses 0.45, it is too wide that size distribution becomes, and have a possibility can't obtain target property.
Having the water-absorbent besin particles of the present invention of favourable combination of logstandard deviation (σ ζ) of weight average particle diameter (D50) and size distribution and the example of aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent comprises: have and be no less than 200 μ m and lower than the weight average particle diameter (D50) of 400 μ m, and be no less than 0.20 and be not more than the logstandard deviation (σ ζ) of 0.45 size distribution those (have little median size and narrow size distribution those); And be no less than 400 μ m and be not more than the weight average particle diameter (D50) of 750 μ m, and be no less than 0.20 and be not more than the logstandard deviation (σ ζ) of 0.45 size distribution those (have large median size and narrow size distribution those).
The situation that is the particulate state aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent for aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent according to the present invention, wave effect of the present invention for more multiple, and advantageously this reagent comprises the particle of particle diameter in 150-850 μ m scope that never is less than 90 to 100wt%.In addition, more advantageously this reagent comprises and never is less than 90 to 100wt%, especially advantageously from being not less than 95 to 100wt% the particle of particle diameter in 150-600 μ m scope.In addition, more advantageously this reagent comprises and never is less than 90% to 100wt%, especially advantageously from being not less than 95% to 100wt% the particle of particle diameter in 150-500 μ m scope.For comprising that in a large number particle diameter is less than the situation of the particle of 150 μ m, has a kind of possibility: hydraulic permeability is so poor, so that can't bring into play fully effect of the present invention.For example, for comprising that in a large number particle diameter is greater than the situation of the particle of 850 μ m, has a kind of possibility: when reality is used, make human body produce offending sensation in the process be in contact with it.
Aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent according to the present invention has been taken into account two kinds of physicalies with good balance, i.e. water receptivity (CRC) and salt solution water conservancy diversion rate (SFC).Therefore, this reagent for example is advantageously used in: sanitary material (for example diaper); The aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent that WC pans is used; The fixing agent of waste liquid (solidifying agent); Water binding agent with agricultural use; And be particularly advantageous for sanitary material (for example diaper).
(1-2) contained water-absorbent besin particles in aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention
What in the present invention, be advantageously used for water-absorbent besin particles is by comprising that polymerization has that obtain and the water-absorbent besin particles that have crosslinking structure of the method for step of water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer of carboxyl.
By the example that comprises the absorbent resin that polymerization has the method for step of the water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer of carboxyl to obtain, comprise: by polymerization and crosslinked contain carboxyl those unsaturated monomer of carboxyl is arranged, as (methyl) vinylformic acid, maleic anhydride, toxilic acid, fumaric acid, β-crotonic acid, methylene-succinic acid and styracin, and/or the polymkeric substance that obtains of their salt (neutralizer); The hydrolysis graftomer of starch acrylonitrile; The graftomer of Starch with Acrylic Acid; Vinyl-acetic ester-acrylic acid saponified copolymer; Hydrolysis or crosslinked acrylonitrile copolymer or acrylamide copolymer; The carboxylic cross-linking polyvinyl alcohol of sex change; The cross-linking copolymer of iso-butylene-maleic anhydride; Or the combination of two or more materials in above these materials.Especially, water-absorbent besin particles is the water-absorbent besin particles that comprises crosslinked polyacrylic acid (salt) polymkeric substance obtained by a kind of method, and the method comprises that aggregate packet contains vinylformic acid and/or its salt step as the monomer of main ingredient.
Crosslinked polyacrylic acid (salt) polymkeric substance is the polymkeric substance obtained by the following method and section has crosslinking structure within it in the present invention, the method comprises that polymerization contains advantageously 50-100mol%, 70-100mol% more advantageously, then the step of the monomer (eliminating linking agent) of the vinylformic acid of 90-100mol% and/or its salt more advantageously.
In addition, in water-absorbent besin particles, the carboxyl of 45-85mol% advantageously is neutralized and forms salt.In other words, the carboxyl of water-absorbent besin particles advantageously has 45-85mol%, 50-85mol% more advantageously, more more advantageously 55-80mol%, the particularly advantageously degree of neutralization of 60-75mol%.As the example of salt, at least one below for example can enumerating: basic metal (for example sodium, potassium, lithium) salt, ammonium salt and amine salt.Be used to form that the neutralization of the carboxyl of this salt carries out under can the free state before polymerization, or carry out under state of polymer in polymerization process or afterwards, or can carry out under these three kinds of states simultaneously.
By the way, the amount that the degree of neutralization of carboxyl can be by having the water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer of unneutralized carboxyl still from (i) in water-absorbent besin particles and (ii) total before polymerization, for the alkali that neutralizes polymerization process and/or polymerization after obtain.Additionally, as described below, but degree of neutralization can obtain by the titration of extraction components content in water-absorbent besin particles.
Be advantageously used in the water-absorbent besin particles in the present invention, if necessary, can be realized by a kind of multipolymer, this multipolymer by by another kind of monomer with as the water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer that carboxyl is arranged of main ingredient (if crosslinked polyacrylic acid (salt) polymkeric substance, vinylformic acid and/or its salt) the incompatible acquisition of copolymerization together.
The specific examples of above other monomer comprises: the negatively charged ion unsaturated monomer, methacrylic acid for example, toxilic acid, vinyl sulfonic acid, styrene sulfonic acid, 2-(methyl) acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid, 2-(methyl) acryloxy ethane sulfonic acid, 2-(methyl) acryloxy propane sulfonic acid) and their salt; The non-ionic unsaturated monomer containing hydrophilic radical, acrylamide for example, Methacrylamide, N-ethyl (methyl) acrylamide, N-n-propyl (methyl) acrylamide, N-sec.-propyl (methyl) acrylamide, N, N-dimethyl (methyl) acrylamide, (methyl) HEA, (methyl) vinylformic acid 2-hydroxypropyl ester, methoxy poly (ethylene glycol) (methyl) acrylate, polyethyleneglycol (methyl) acrylate, vinyl pyridine, NVP, N-acryloyl-oxy phenylpiperidines, N-acryl tetramethyleneimine, the N-ethyl acetamide; With the positively charged ion unsaturated monomer, (methyl) vinylformic acid N for example, N-dimethyl aminoethyl ester, (methyl) vinylformic acid N, N-diethylamino ethyl ester, (methyl) vinylformic acid N, N-dimethylaminopropyl ester, N, N-dimethylaminopropyl (methyl) acrylamide, and their season salt.As the amount of these monomers of monomer except vinylformic acid and/or its salt advantageously at the 0-30mol% of whole monomers, more advantageously in the scope of 0-10mol%.
The water-absorbent besin particles can be used in the present invention has crosslinking structure on their inside and surface.As for the method internal crosslinking structure is incorporated in the present invention among the water-absorbent besin particles used, its example comprises: wherein this introducing is to be undertaken but without any a kind of method of linking agent by self-crosslinking; Wherein this introducing is by with per molecule, having the copolymerization between the internal crosslinking agent of at least two polymerisable olefinic double bonds and/or at least two functional groups or react a kind of method of carrying out.But but this functional group is the height reaction active groups in molecule and comprises the functional group of covalent linkage keyed jointing and the functional group of ionic linkage keyed jointing.In order to bring into play more effect of the present invention, the water-absorbent besin particles advantageously can be used in the present invention is surface-crosslinked resin particle again.
(1-3) component except water-absorbent besin particles
Aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent according to the present invention contains water-absorbent besin particles as main ingredient and contains if necessary a small amount of additive and/or water.Aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention advantageously contains the hydraulic permeability toughener as additive.Especially, for aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent, do not comprise as the carrying out of main ingredient and strengthen the situation of water-absorbent besin particles of the processing of purpose for hydraulic permeability, very advantageously it further comprises the hydraulic permeability toughener.On the other hand, comprise the situation of the water-absorbent besin particles of having been processed for hydraulic permeability enhancing purpose for aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent, can only obtain by water-absorbent besin particles according to aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention.The hydraulic permeability toughener refers to that the SFC value that makes water-absorbent besin particles with the SFC value that is no less than 1 or aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent strengthens at least 10 reagent here.
The mixture of hydraulic permeability toughener and water-absorbent besin particles or aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent absorbs after liquid, aqueous and has kept path as water-absorbent besin particles or aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent take physics mode or ionization mode, and therefore likely improves hydraulic permeability.
The example of hydraulic permeability toughener comprises: water miscible polyvalent metal compounds, Tai-Ace S 150 for example, potassium alum, ammonium alum, the bright rock of sodium, (gathering) aluminum chloride, and their hydrate; The water-soluble poly cation compound, for example polyethylene imine based, polyvinylamine, PAH; With the water-insoluble fine inorganic particles, for example silicon-dioxide, aluminum oxide and wilkinite.These independent or uses that are bonded to each other respectively.Especially, consider to compare when not adding water-soluble polyvalent metal salt to strengthen more salt solution water conservancy diversion energy rate (SFC), water-soluble polyvalent metal salt (for example Tai-Ace S 150, potassium alum) is favourable.
The hydraulic permeability toughener is with 0.001-10wt% advantageously, and more advantageously the amount of 0.01-5wt% is used, with respect to water-absorbent besin particles.
It is pointed out that if hydraulic permeability toughener enhance liquid perviousness, it is unrestricted, but preferably with the lip-deep functional group of water-absorbent besin particles, do not form the material of covalent linkage.
In addition, according to aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention, can further comprise, if necessary, another kind of additive within the specific limits, this scope makes the absorptive character of aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent not reduce as hydraulic permeability.The example of another kind of additive comprises: reodorant, biocide, aromatic material, whipping agent, pigment, dyestuff, softening agent, tackiness agent, tensio-active agent, oxygenant, reductive agent, water, salt, sequestrant, sterilant, hydrophilic polymer is as polyoxyethylene glycol, paraffinic hydrocarbons, hydrophobic polymer, thermoplastic resin is as polyethylene and polypropylene, and thermosetting resin is as vibrin and urea resin.For example, can comprise in addition the another kind of additive of about 0-10wt% according to aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention, with respect to water-absorbent besin particles.
(2) according to the production method of aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention
Production method according to aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention is not particularly limited, if it is demonstrate the water receptivity (CRC) of 5-25g/g and be no less than 1216cm 3s10 -7the production method of the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the salt solution water conservancy diversion rate (SFC) of/g.
According to the production method of aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention, comprise, for example, the step below at least:
(2-1) can form under the existence of internal crosslinking agent of functional group of covalent linkage with carboxyl separately thering are at least four, in the monomer solution of the water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer that includes carboxyl, polymerization has the water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer of carboxyl, therefore obtains hydropolymer;
(2-3) be not less than the dry hydropolymer obtained at the temperature of 150 ℃ in step (2-1), so obtaining water-absorbent besin particles; With
(2-5) water-absorbent besin particles that will obtain in step (2-3) carries out surface-crosslinked.
In addition, at least one in further comprising the following steps according to the production method of aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention:
(2-2) in step (2-1) before, further prepare monomer solution, it includes the water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer of carboxyl and has at least four and can form with carboxyl the internal crosslinking agent of the functional group of covalent linkage separately;
(2-4) at least before or after step (2-3), pulverize the hydropolymer obtained or the water-absorbent besin particles obtained;
(2-6) purpose strengthened for hydraulic permeability before or after step (2-5) is processed water-absorbent besin particles.
Below above step will be described.
(2-1) polymerization procedure
In this step, the polymerization and obtain hydropolymer under at least one internal crosslinking agent exists of the water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer that carboxyl is arranged in the monomer solution of the water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer that includes carboxyl.As this internal crosslinking agent, use be to there are at least four can form with the carboxyl of water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer the internal crosslinking agent of the functional group of covalent linkage separately.The water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer that carboxyl arranged is according to described in (1-1) joint.
In this step, if necessary, can copolymerization together with the water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer that carboxyl is arranged at the another kind of monomer described in (1-1) joint.For the situation of another kind of monomer copolymerizable, the water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer that monomer solution comprises another kind of monomer and carboxyl is arranged.Below, be included in the monomer in monomer solution, (a) be not if used another kind of monomer, if for water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer that carboxyl is arranged or (b) use another kind of monomer, for the water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer that carboxyl is arranged and the another kind of monomer used, referred to as monomer.
In this step, polyreaction is carried out under at least one internal crosslinking agent exists simultaneously.As internal crosslinking agent, advantageously use to there are at least four and can form with the carboxyl of water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer at least one internal crosslinking agent of the functional group of covalent linkage separately.This can improve the salt solution water conservancy diversion rate (SFC) of obtained water-absorbent besin particles, with independent use (a) have three or can obtain when the carboxyl of water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer forms the internal crosslinking agent of functional group of covalent linkage separately still less those or together with use (b) to there are at least two polymerisable olefinic double bonds internal crosslinking agent obtain during with this internal crosslinking agent (a) those compare.
The described functional group that can form covalent linkage with carboxyl separately to water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer is not particularly limited, if they are to form with carboxyl the functional group of key.The example of this functional group comprises: hydroxyl, and amino, epoxy group(ing), oxetane groups, ethylenimine group (ethylenimine group), isocyanate group, the azoles quinoline, cyclic carbonate ester, cyclic carbonate ester,
Figure 2006800363780_1
oxazolidone, ring-type urea, azetidine
Figure 2006800363780_2
salt (azithidinium) and chloropharin.
Therefore, having at least four examples of internal crosslinking agent that can form the functional group of covalent linkage with carboxyl separately comprises: the internal crosslinking agent with at least four hydroxyls; Internal crosslinking agent with at least four amino; Internal crosslinking agent with at least four epoxy group(ing); Internal crosslinking agent with at least four oxetane groups; Internal crosslinking agent with at least four ethylenimine groups (ethylenimine group); Internal crosslinking agent with at least four isocyanate group; There are at least four
Figure 2006800363780_3
the internal crosslinking agent of azoles quinoline; Internal crosslinking agent with at least four cyclic carbonate esters; There are at least four
Figure 2006800363780_4
the internal crosslinking agent of oxazolidone; Internal crosslinking agent with at least four ring-type ureas; There are at least four azetidines
Figure 2006800363780_5
the internal crosslinking agent of salt; Internal crosslinking agent with at least four chloropharins; And there is the hydroxyl of being selected from, and amino, epoxy group(ing), oxetane groups, ethylenimine group (ethylenimine group), isocyanate group,
Figure 2006800363780_6
the azoles quinoline, cyclic carbonate ester,
Figure 2006800363780_7
oxazolidone, ring-type urea, azetidine the internal crosslinking agent of the functional group of at least two types in salt and chloropharin, the group sum wherein added up in selected functional group is at least four.Especially, having at least four internal crosslinking agents that can form the functional group of covalent linkage with carboxyl separately is more advantageously the internal crosslinking agent with at least four hydroxyls.By the way, while for internal crosslinking agent, thering is polytype group, the ratio between these groups is not particularly limited.
In addition, but there is functional group or the analogue that at least four internal crosslinking agents that can form the functional group of covalent linkage with carboxyl separately can further have at least one polymerisable olefinic double bond, ion-keyed jointing.
In addition, to thering are at least four internal crosslinking agents that can form the functional group of covalent linkage with carboxyl separately, be not particularly limited, if it has at least four, can form with carboxyl the functional group of covalent linkage separately.Yet, can form the number 4-50 advantageously of the functional group of covalent linkage with carboxyl separately, be more advantageously 4-20, then be more advantageously 4-10, especially advantageously 4-6.The quantity of the carbon atom of internal crosslinking agent advantageously separately can with carboxyl form covalent linkage functional group quantity 0.5-4 doubly, more advantageously 1-2 is doubly.For this type of functional group's number lower than 4 or surpass 50 situation, the enhancing that this hydraulic permeability can not get.
Specifically, the example that has an internal crosslinking agent of at least four hydroxyls comprises: polyvalent alcohol is as Polyglycerine or tetramethylolmethane; Sugar alcohol is as tetrahydroxybutane, Xylitol, Sorbitol Powder, mannitol, maltose alcohol, Saccharum lactis, or oligosaccharides alcohol; Aldose is as wood sugar, glucose, gulose, seminose, or idose; With ketose as fructose or sorbose.Example with internal crosslinking agent of at least four amino comprises Triethylenetetramine (TETA), tetren and penten.Example with hydroxyl and amino internal crosslinking agent comprises TRIS and N, N-is two-and (2-hydroxyethyl) quadrol.These have at least four can form with carboxyl the internal crosslinking agent independent or use that is bonded to each other respectively of the functional group of covalent linkage separately.
Especially, having at least four internal crosslinking agents that can form the functional group of covalent linkage with carboxyl separately is more advantageously the internal crosslinking agent with at least four hydroxyls; Sugar alcohol more advantageously; More advantageously tetrahydroxybutane again, Xylitol or Sorbitol Powder; Especially advantageously Xylitol or Sorbitol Powder; Sorbitol Powder the most advantageously.These materials are favourable, consider their high security.
In addition, having at least four internal crosslinking agents that can form the functional group of covalent linkage with carboxyl separately can be high-molecular weight compounds or low-molecular weight compound, but is more advantageously low-molecular weight compound.Molecular weight to it is not particularly limited, but is more advantageously to be no more than 5000, is more advantageously to be no more than 2000, then is more advantageously to be no more than 1000, especially advantageously is no more than 500, the most advantageously is no more than 200.Further, to thering are at least four lower limits of molecular weight of internal crosslinking agent that can form the functional group of covalent linkage with carboxyl separately, be not particularly limited, but advantageously 50, be more advantageously 80, then be more advantageously 90.The molecular weight of the above-mentioned internal crosslinking agent in above scope is favourable, because internal crosslinking carries out more efficiently.Further, the situation for polyvinyl alcohol, starch or analogue as internal crosslinking agent may occur painted in drying process.Therefore, molecular weight is advantageously in above-mentioned scope.
In addition, from can easily adding and realize uniform crosslinked consideration, having at least four separately can with carboxyl, to form the internal crosslinking agent of functional group of covalent linkage advantageously water miscible so that it is dissolved in the pure water of 100g with the amount that is no less than 0.1g.
By the way, the above-mentioned internal crosslinking agent that has at least four functional groups can, with the functional group of modification partly, can form with carboxyl the free functional group of covalent linkage if also have at least four separately.Internal crosslinking agent with unmodified functional group is preferably to use from wetting ability, performance, security and the painted consideration after thermal treatment.
By the way, as for the above-mentioned internal crosslinking agent with at least four functional groups, whole functional groups needn't all form covalent linkage with the carboxyl of absorbent resin, as long as the carboxyl of at least one in functional group and the absorbent resin in water-absorbent besin particles forms covalent linkage.The part of functional group can be dissociated, and with the carboxyl of absorbent resin, does not form covalent linkage.The part of the internal crosslinking agent with at least four functional groups used in addition, can exist but not reaction (not having functional group to form key).
Suppose that having at least four internal crosslinking agents that can form the functional group of covalent linkage with carboxyl separately is internal crosslinking agent A, and supposition wherein there is no the internal crosslinking agent A of the carboxyl formation covalent linkage of functional group and water-absorbent besin particles be unreacted internal crosslinking agent A.It is pointed out that do not know this unreacted internal crosslinking agent A whether be involved in crosslinked in.Unreacted internal crosslinking agent A can extract from water-absorbent besin particles, in order to can pass through the analysis of liquid phase chromatography (LC) or other method, comes quantitatively.Extracting method is not particularly limited and can suitably be selected from known extracting method usually.For example, the water-absorbent besin particles of 1g is stirred two or more hours in the sodium chloride aqueous solution of 0.9wt%, and filter afterwards formed sodium chloride aqueous solution, thereby make the extractum obtained as filtrate be analyzed with liquid phase chromatography.
Suppose that wherein at least one in four functional groups is the internal crosslinking agent A reacted with the internal crosslinking agent A that carboxyl forms key.The internal crosslinking agent A of reaction can carry out quantitative analysis in the following manner: water-absorbent besin particles is hydrolyzed, and formed liquid is analyzed with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) or other method.
As internal crosslinking agent, can use the internal crosslinking agent with at least four above-mentioned functional groups.In addition, can use other internal crosslinking agent.The example of other internal crosslinking agent as previously described comprises: per molecule has the internal crosslinking agent of at least two polymerisable olefinic double bonds and/or at least two functional groups.
The specific examples of these other internal crosslinking agents comprises: but there is the linking agent of the copolymerization of at least two polymerisable olefinic double bonds, as N, N '-methylene-bis (methyl) acrylamide, (gathering) ethylene glycol bisthioglycolate (methyl) acrylate, (gathering) propylene glycol two (methyl) acrylate, trimethylolpropane tris (methyl) acrylate, TriMethylolPropane(TMP) two (methyl) acrylate, glycerine three (methyl) acrylate, the glycerine acrylate/methacrylate, the trimethylolpropane tris of oxyethane modification (methyl) acrylate, tetramethylolmethane four (methyl) acrylate, Dipentaerythritol six (methyl) acrylate, triallylcyanurate, cyanacrylate, the triallyl phosphoric acid ester, triallylamine, tetraallyl oxygen base ethane, pentaerythritol triallyl ether, with many (methyl) allyl group oxygen base paraffinic hydrocarbons.In addition, but but there is the example of the internal crosslinking agent of copolymerization group as those of the group with at least two polymerisable olefinic double bonds and covalent linkage keyed jointing, can enumerate and for example (gather) ethylene glycol diglycidylether, glycerine two contracting glyceryl ethers, quadrol, polyethylene imine based, glycidyl (methyl) acrylate, hydroxyethyl (methyl) acrylate, hydroxypropyl (methyl) acrylate and glycidyl (methyl) acrylate.
In addition, in addition, but but as the example of the internal crosslinking agent with functional group at least two covalent linkage keyed jointings or the ionic linkage keyed jointing, for example can also enumerate: ethylene glycol, glycol ether, propylene glycol, triglycol, Tetraglycol 99, polyoxyethylene glycol, 1, ammediol, dipropylene glycol, 2, 2, 4-trimethylammonium-1, the 3-pentanediol, polypropylene glycol, glycerine, 2-butylene-1, the 4-glycol, 1, the 3-butyleneglycol, 1, the 4-butyleneglycol, 1, the 5-pentanediol, 1, the 6-hexylene glycol, 1, the 2-cyclohexanedimethanol, 1, the 2-hexalin, TriMethylolPropane(TMP), diethanolamine, trolamine, polyoxytrimethylene, POLOXAMER, and polyvalent metal compounds oxyhydroxide and the muriate of zinc, calcium, magnesium, aluminium, iron and zirconium (for example, such as).
Independent or the use that is bonded to each other respectively of these internal crosslinking agents.Especially, from for example water absorbing properties of obtained water-absorbent besin particles, consider advantageously there is the compound of at least two polymerisable olefinic double bonds as this other internal crosslinking agent.In addition, but but but the internal crosslinking agent with polymerisable olefinic double bond and functional group of covalent linkage keyed jointing and the internal crosslinking agent with functional group at least two covalent linkage keyed jointings and/or the ionic linkage keyed jointing can together with use.
In order to bring into play fully effect of the present invention, the water-absorbent besin particles can be used in the present invention has as previously described advantageously carried out the polymkeric substance of internal crosslinking with the internal crosslinking agent with at least four functional groups (each in them forms covalent linkage with the carboxyl of the water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer with carboxyl).Can form with carboxyl the consumption of this internal crosslinking agent of the functional group of covalent linkage separately as for thering are at least four, for water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer, have at least four separately can with carboxyl form covalent linkage functional group internal crosslinking agent consumption (Y) (unit: mol%) advantageously in the scope that following equation (1) means:
Y≥0.06/{2-(2.35X/100)}…(1)。
In this equation (1) and following equation (2), X is the degree of neutralization (unit: mol%), and advantageously in the scope of 0.45-0.85 of carboxyl in water-absorbent besin particles.If Y deflects away from the scope that equation (1) means, internal crosslinking can not carry out fully, and the salt solution water conservancy diversion rate (SFC) of the water-absorbent besin particles therefore obtained can not improve well.In addition, water receptivity (CRC) surpasses 25g/g, and therefore a kind of possibility is arranged: can not obtain the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent with target property of the present invention.
The lower limit of Y is a kind of value, as Y=Z/{2-(2.35X/100) } ... (2) time, make advantageously Z=0.06, Z=0.07 more advantageously, more more advantageously Z=0.09, especially advantageously Z=0.15.
The upper limit of Y is a kind of value, makes in above equation (2) Z=1.2 advantageously, Z=0.6 more advantageously, then Z=0.3 more advantageously.Disadvantageously Y is greater than 1.2/{2-(2.35X/100) } because the water receptivity becomes too low.
For the situation of using other internal crosslinking agent, the total amount of the other internal crosslinking agent used is advantageously at 0-2mol%, more advantageously at 0-1.5mol%, again more advantageously at 0-1mol%, especially advantageously in the scope of 0-0.5mol%, with respect to whole monomers (the water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer of getting rid of this internal crosslinking agent).
By the way, above on-macromolecular quantizes compound and other internal crosslinking agent can add or add in the process of polyreaction before the polyreaction of monomer, in order to exist when polymerization.Further, this internal crosslinking agent can add in reaction system once or several times.For the situation of using at least one or two internal crosslinking agents; consider final the obtained absorptive character of water-absorbent besin particles or aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent, advantageously when polyreaction, use the internal crosslinking agent with at least two polymerisable olefinic double bonds.But the situation for the internal crosslinking agent of covalent linkage keyed jointing only as internal crosslinking agent, internal crosslinking heats and carries out in following drying step and surface-crosslinked step.On the other hand, the situation for the internal crosslinking agent with at least two polymerisable olefinic double bonds as internal crosslinking agent is carried out internal crosslinking in the polymerization procedure process.
When carrying out polyreaction, can add hydrophilic polymer (starch for example with the amount of the 0-30wt% with respect to the whole monomers water-soluble monomer of internal crosslinking agent (get rid of), Mierocrystalline cellulose, starch derivative, derivatived cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid (salt), and crosslinked polyacrylic acid (salt)); Add chain-transfer agent (for example Hypophosporous Acid, 50 (salt)) with the amount of 0-1wt% with respect to the whole monomers water-soluble monomer of internal crosslinking agent (get rid of).
When the above monomer as comprising of main ingredient of water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer (advantageously vinylformic acid and/or its salt) carries out polymerization and obtains the water-absorbent besin particles can be used in the present invention, can carry out mass polymerization, inverse suspension polymerization or precipitation polymerization, but consider from the easiness of characteristic or control polyreaction, advantageously carry out the aqueous solution polymerization reaction that wherein monomer is used with aqueous solution form.This type of polymerisation process has been disclosed in for example USP4, and 625,001, USP 4,769, and 427, USP 4,873,299, and USP 4,093, and 776, USP4,367,323, USP 4,446, and 261, USP 4,683,274, and USP 4,690,996, USP4,721,647, USP 4,738,867, USP 4,748,076 and EP 1178059 in.
When carrying out polyreaction, for example can use following: radical polymerization initiator is as Potassium Persulphate, ammonium persulphate, Sodium Persulfate, tertbutyl peroxide, hydrogen peroxide and 2, two (2-amidine propane) dihydrochloride of 2 '-azo; With active energy beam as ultraviolet ray and electron beam.In addition, for the situation of using radical polymerization initiator, they can with reductive agent for example S-WAT, sodium bisulfite, ferrous sulfate is used together with L-AA, to carry out reductionoxidation polymerization.The consumption of these polymerization starters is advantageously between 0.001-2mol%, more advantageously between 0.01-0.5mol%, with respect to whole monomers.
When carrying out polyreaction, monomer is used with the slurry state that surpasses saturation concentration.Yet the monomer solution used has and advantageously both had been not less than 35wt% also not higher than saturation concentration, more advantageously both be not less than 37wt% also not higher than the monomer concentration of saturation concentration.By the way, this monomer concentration is the concentration of whole monomers in monomer solution, (a) be not when being used other monomer, the concentration that the water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer of carboxyl is arranged, or (b) when using other monomer, the water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer of carboxyl is arranged and the total concn of other monomer of using.The temperature of monomer solution is advantageously between 0-100 ℃, more advantageously between 10-95 ℃.By the way, this saturation concentration is to be used in the temperature of monomer solution under normal pressure to illustrate.
The absorbent resin obtained by above polyreaction is hydropolymer, and its shape is generally the shape of for example pulverizing brokenly, spherical, fiber shape, clavate, almost spherical, or plain film shape.
(2-2) monomer solution preparation process
Can before polymerization procedure, further comprise according to the production method of aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention the monomer solution preparation process for preparing monomer solution, this monomer solution includes the water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer of carboxyl and the above-mentioned internal crosslinking agent of at least one.
Described monomer solution comprises at least that (i) has the water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer of carboxyl and (ii) have at least four and can form with the carboxyl of water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer the internal crosslinking agent of the functional group of covalent linkage separately.In addition, this monomer solution can comprise other monomer and other internal crosslinking agent.
(2-3) drying step
The polymkeric substance obtained in aforementioned polymerization procedure obtains as hydropolymer.The hydropolymer obtained, if necessary, be no less than 10 quality % but pulverized lower than the hydropolymer form of 70 quality % with for example water-content.In addition, the hydropolymer particle of pulverizing is carried out to drying.Condition to dry this hydropolymer and the hydropolymer particle pulverized is not particularly limited.Yet drying, usually at 150-250 ℃, advantageously at 150-220 ℃, more advantageously at 160-200 ℃, is more more advantageously carried out in the temperature range of 180-200 ℃.Drying at the temperature lower than 150 ℃ is difficult for causing the internal crosslinking reaction.At the temperature higher than 250 ℃, drying can cause that formed absorbent resin is painted.By the way, the situation for oil or steam as heating medium, drying temperature is the temperature of this heating medium.On the other hand, for electron beam irradiation or other means, for dry but do not use the situation of heating medium, drying temperature is the temperature of material (main body be dried).Additionally, drying temperature can progressively change.The dry time length can, according to determining in order to obtain the target water-content, be depended on the type of surface-area and water-content and the drying oven of hydropolymer.For example, the dry time length is at 10-180 minute, more preferably in the scope of 30-120 minute.In addition, also may adopt at USP 4,920 drying means of describing in 202.
As dry result, hydropolymer or the pulverizing hydropolymer particle obtained according to this hydropolymer pulverized mode in following pulverising step (if necessary), advantageously have at 70-99.8wt%, more advantageously at 80-99.7wt%, then the solids content in the 90-99.5wt% scope more advantageously.The situation that departs from these scopes for solids content, be difficult to realize the enhancing of the physicals of this absorbent resin by the surface treatment (crosslinked) of absorbent resin.By the way, solids content refers to deduction ratio of remaining weight and the weight before drying after the drying loss after dry 3 hours under 180 ℃.
As used drying means, can adopt various types of methods to obtain the target water-content, as heat drying, hot-air dry, drying under reduced pressure, ultra red ray drying, microwave drying, dewatered by the azeotropic with hydrophobic organic solvent, utilizes the high temperature drying method of high-temperature steam.Yet these methods are not unique possibilities.
(2-4) pulverising step
Advantageously comprised before or after drying step according to the production method of aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention, advantageously before drying step and afterwards, pulverize the hydropolymer that obtains or the pulverising step of water-absorbent besin particles.
Can the hydropolymer of the formation that obtains in polymerization procedure is dry as it is.Yet advantageously, formed hydropolymer was pulverized before drying step.For example, formed hydropolymer extrudes so pulverizes this hydropolymer from the perforation structure with the eye diameter in the 0.3-18mm scope, thereby it is formed to the hydropolymer particle of pulverizing.Utilize hydropolymer to extrude and therefore pulverize the process of this hydropolymer from the perforation structure with specific eye diameter, likely it is formed to the pulverizing hydropolymer particle that can bring into play fully effect of the present invention.The shape of eyelet is for example circular, tetragon (for example square, rectangle), and trilateral or hexagon, and it is had no particular limits.Yet more advantageously, this hydropolymer is to extrude from circular eyelet.Drawn diameter when by the way, aforesaid eye diameter is defined as the periphery of mesh part is converted to conglobate periphery.
For being extruded the eye diameter of pulverizing the perforation structure to obtain the hydropolymer particle of pulverizing, be more advantageously at 0.5-16mm, more more advantageously at 0.5-12mm, especially advantageously at 0.5-9.5mm, the most advantageously in the scope of 0.5-6.4mm.
Be less than the situation of 0.3mm for the eye diameter of perforation structure, have a kind of possibility: gel becomes lines, or gel can not be extruded.Be greater than the situation of 18mm for the eye diameter of perforation structure, have a kind of possibility, effect of the present invention can not be brought into play.Especially, have a kind of possibility, uptake rate (FSR) can descend.
Carrying out the described example of pulverizing the device to obtain the hydropolymer particle of pulverizing of extruding comprises and for example hydropolymer is extruded from perforation plate so pulverized this hydropolymer.As this extrusion mechanism, use the mechanism of a type, this mechanism can be fed to perforation plate from its supply entrance pressurization by hydropolymer, as screw type or rotation roll shape.Screwe-type xtruder can be single screw rod or multiscrew type and can be to be generally used for the extrusion molding of edible meat, rubber and plastics or as the type of pulverizer.Its example comprises mincer and Dome Gran.
Advantageously, at least a portion that can be used for the water-absorbent besin particles in the present invention is agglomerate particles.More advantageously, these agglomerated thing particles are by comprising that particle diameter is less than those particles that the method for agglomeration step of the particle of 150 μ m obtains.To for realizing that at least a portion of water-absorbent besin particles wherein is that the method for this pattern of agglomerated thing particle is not particularly limited, and if known coalescent method is for it, good so far.The example of these methods applicatory comprises certain methods, wherein: the fine powder of warm water and water-absorbent besin particles is mixed and then carry out drying (USP 6,228,930); The fine powder of water-absorbent besin particles mixes with monomer solution, and then formed mixture carries out polymerization (USP 5,264,495); Add water in the fine powder of water-absorbent besin particles, and then formed mixture is being no less than coalescent under specific surface pressure (EP 0844270); The fine powder of water-absorbent besin particles is wetting therefore to form amorphous gel fully, and then by this gel drying and pulverizing (USP 4,950,692); And the fine powder of water-absorbent besin particles and polymer gel are mixed (USP 5,478,879).
Further advantageously, at least a portion that can be used for the water-absorbent besin particles in the present invention is the particle of foaming.Those particles that the particle of these foaming advantageously obtains by a kind of method, the method is characterized in that and comprise the following steps: the monomer that polymerization contains azo initiator or whipping agent (for example carbonate); Perhaps this monomer of polymerization, this monomer contains bubble (by causing with the rare gas element bubbling) simultaneously.
As particularly advantageous pattern, the inventor finds, this coalescent can simultaneously carrying out with the gel pulverizing, if, according to noted earlier, (this hydropolymer (obtaining the specific internal linking agent that this monomer solution has specific monomer concentration and contains specified quantitative by the polymerization single polymerization monomer aqueous solution) is extruded under given conditions, from the perforation structure of eye diameter 0.3-18mm, extrude), therefore pulverize this hydropolymer.In this method, in order to carry out that this is coalescent with pulverizing simultaneously, allow for example to add: water; The mentioned polyvalent alcohol as the example of internal crosslinking agent; The mixing liquid of water and polyvalent alcohol; Polyvalent metal by will be mentioned as the example of internal crosslinking agent is dissolved in solution prepared in water; Or their steam.In other words, advantageously, at least a portion of therefore pulverizing the pulverizing hydropolymer particle that this hydropolymer obtains by extruding this hydropolymer is agglomerated thing.By the way, this agglomerated thing refers to from stick to each other those of that form that (be these particles interior poly-) obtain of pulverizing gel particle, or by adhere to those of that form of obtaining on a particle than small-particle.The form of agglomerated thing can be from the particle bond more than one of them state together confirm, when them during at opticmicroscope or observed under electron microscope.In addition, for aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent, be granular situation, the form of agglomerated thing also can be confirmed from the minimizing due to coalescent caused tap density.
In the present invention; water-absorbent besin particles or aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent advantageously have between 0.40-0.80g/mL; more advantageously between 0.45-0.75g/mL, then the tap density between 0.50-0.70g/mL more advantageously, and contain the agglomerated thing particle in this type of scope.Depart from above scope or, not containing the situation of agglomerated thing particle, have a kind of possibility for tap density, effect of the present invention is difficult to performance.This type of aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent that contains the agglomerated thing particle by acquisition, easily obtain and showing excellent aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent aspect uptake rate, water receptivity, salt solution water conservancy diversion rate and wet porosity.
Therefore the hydropolymer obtained by polyreaction is advantageously pulverizing this hydropolymer by extrude this hydropolymer from have the perforation structure of eye diameter in the 0.3-18mm scope ideally, thereby carries out drying after this above step processing of the hydropolymer particle that acquisition has been pulverized.After this drying, advantageously, implement further to pulverize.
The hydropolymer particle that the conditioned disjunction of pulverizing hydropolymer has been pulverized (advantageously, dry it after) is not particularly limited.For example, yet for example, hitherto known pulverizer (roller mill, hammer mill) is spendable.The shape obtained by pulverizing is the shape of irregular pulverizing preferably, more preferably, partly contains the particle of the coalescent shape with high surface area.
The water-absorbent besin particles can be used in the present invention is for example further processed by staging, accordingly, weight average particle diameter advantageously is adjusted in 150-850 μ m, more advantageously at 150-600 μ m, more advantageously at 150-500 μ m, more advantageously at 200-400 μ m, more more advantageously in the scope of 250-380 μ m.In addition, logstandard deviation (α ζ) is advantageously regulated (adjustment) at 0.1-0.45, more advantageously at 0.2-0.45, more more advantageously at 0.25-0.40, more more advantageously in the scope of 0.3-0.35.By by this way the water-absorbent besin particles can be used in the present invention being regulated to weight average particle diameter and logstandard deviation (α ζ), effect of the present invention will be brought into play more.
In the present invention, for carrying out as required the situation of classification, the screen cloth of using in this classification need to consider that fractional efficiency is selected.For example; for the water-absorbent besin particles of the screen cloth that passes the mesh size with 150 μ m or the situation that aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent utilizes this progressive operation to be removed; the particle that particle diameter is not more than 150 μ m is difficult to fully remove; and therefore advantageously; type to used screen cloth is suitably selected, and has water-absorbent besin particles or the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of target grain size with acquisition.
In order to bring into play more effect of the present invention, advantageously can be used for the particle of particle diameter in 150-850 μ m scope that water-absorbent besin particles in the present invention comprises the 90-100wt% consumption.In addition, advantageously, the water-absorbent besin particles can be used in the present invention comprises 90-100wt%, especially the particle of the particle diameter of 95-100wt% in 150-600 μ m scope advantageously.Again more advantageously, the water-absorbent besin particles can be used in the present invention comprises 90-100wt%, especially the particle of the particle diameter of 95-100wt% in 150-500 μ m scope advantageously.For comprising that in a large number particle diameter is less than the situation of the particle of 150 μ m, has a kind of possibility: hydraulic permeability is so poor, so that can't bring into play fully effect of the present invention.For example, for comprising that in a large number particle diameter is greater than the situation of the particle of 850 μ m, has a kind of possibility: when reality is used,, make human body produce offending sensation in the process be in contact with it.
(2-5) surface-crosslinked step
In the production method according to aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention, to water-absorbent besin particles, carry out surface-crosslinked in order to bring into play more effect of the present invention.Allow water-absorbent besin particles carry out the step of hydraulic permeability enhancement process step of back description before, simultaneously and afterwards, carry out surface-crosslinked step at least one stage in being selected from these.Yet, to consider and bring into play more again effect of the present invention, surface-crosslinked step was advantageously carried out before hydraulic permeability enhancement process step.
The example that can be used for the surface crosslinking agent of surface-crosslinked processing comprises: the organic surface crosslinking agent with at least two functional groups that can react with functional group's (particularly carboxyl) of water-absorbent besin particles; Polyvalent metal compounds; And polycation.Their example comprises: polyol compound (ethylene glycol for example, glycol ether, propylene glycol, triglycol, Tetraglycol 99, polyoxyethylene glycol, 1, ammediol, dipropylene glycol, 2, 2, 4-trimethylammonium-1, the 3-pentanediol, polypropylene glycol, glycerine, Polyglycerine, 2-butylene-1, the 4-glycol, 1, the 3-butyleneglycol, 1, the 4-butyleneglycol, 1, the 5-pentanediol, 1, the 6-hexylene glycol, 1, the 2-cyclohexanedimethanol, 1, the 2-hexalin, TriMethylolPropane(TMP), diethanolamine, trolamine, polyoxytrimethylene, POLOXAMER, tetramethylolmethane, and Sorbitol Powder), epoxy compounds (ethylene glycol diglycidylether for example, polyethyleneglycol diglycidylether, glycerine poly epihydric alcohol base ether, Glycerol dimer poly epihydric alcohol base ether, Polyglycerine poly epihydric alcohol base ether, propylene glycol diglycidylether, polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, and Racemic glycidol), polyamine compounds (for example quadrol, diethylenetriamine, Triethylenetetramine (TETA), tetren, penten and polyethylene imine based) and their inorganic or organic salt (azetidine for example
Figure 2006800363780_9
salt), polyisocyanate compound (for example 2,4 toluene diisocyanate and hexamethylene diisocyanate), many (for example ethylene is two for isoxazoline compound
Figure 2006800363780_11
the azoles quinoline), carbonic acid derivatives (urea for example, thiocarbamide, guanidine, Dyhard RU 100,2-
Figure 2006800363780_12
oxazolidone), alkylene carbonate ester cpds (DOX-2-ketone for example, 4-methyl isophthalic acid, the 3-dioxolan-2-one, 4,5-dimethyl-1, the 3-dioxolan-2-one, 4,4-dimethyl-1, the 3-dioxolan-2-one, 4-ethyl-DOX-2-ketone, 4-methylol-1, the 3-dioxolan-2-one, 1,3-bis-
Figure 2006800363780_13
alkane-2-ketone, the 4-methyl isophthalic acid, 3-bis-
Figure 2006800363780_14
alkane-2-ketone, 4,6-dimethyl-1,3-bis-
Figure 2006800363780_15
alkane-2-ketone and 1,3-dioxopan-2-ketone), halogen epoxy compounds (for example Epicholorohydrin, epibromohydrin and Alpha-Methyl Epicholorohydrin) and their polyamines adduct (Kymene (registered trademark) for example produced by Hercules), silane coupling agent (for example γ-glycidoxypropyltrime,hoxysilane and γ aminopropyltriethoxy silane), oxetane compound (3-methyl-3-oxetane methanol for example, 3-ethyl-3-oxetane methanol, 3-butyl-3-oxetane methanol, 3-methyl-3-trimethylene oxide ethanol, 3-ethyl-3-trimethylene oxide ethanol, 3-butyl-3-trimethylene oxide ethanol, 3-chloromethyl-3-methyl trimethylene oxide, 3-chloromethyl-3-Ethyloxetane and polyoxy heterocycle butane compound), and polyvalent metal compounds (for example zinc, calcium, magnesium, aluminium, the oxyhydroxide of iron and zirconium and muriate).The use of can using separately respectively or combine each other of these surface crosslinking agents.Especially, more preferably use and can form the surface crosslinking agent of covalent linkage with the lip-deep functional group (carboxyl) of water-absorbent besin particles, because it can strengthen the specific absorption characteristic under pressure.Polyvalent alcohol is favourable, because they have high security and can strengthen the wetting ability on water-absorbent besin particles surface.In addition, the use of polyvalent alcohol has strengthened the affinity of water-absorbent besin particles surface for the polyvalent metal particulate, in the interaction between polyvalent alcohol residue and polyvalent metal surface, allows more evenly to exist on this polyvalent metal particulate surface at water-absorbent besin particles like this.
Although depend on used compound, their combination and other factors, but the amount of the surface crosslinking agent used advantageously is being no less than 0.001 weight part and is being not more than in the scope of 10 weight parts, more advantageously be no less than 0.01 weight part and be not more than in the scope of 5 weight parts, the absorbent resin of every 100 weight parts.
When surface crosslinking agent and absorbent resin mix, can make water.The consumption of water advantageously is greater than 0.5 weight part but is not more than 10 weight parts, more advantageously between the 1-5 weight part, and the solids content of the absorbent resin of every 100 weight parts.
When blending surface linking agent and/or its aqueous solution, hydrophilic organic solvent and/or the third material can be used as to mixed aid.
For the situation of using hydrophilic organic solvent, its example comprises: lower alcohols (for example methyl alcohol, ethanol, n-propyl alcohol, Virahol, propyl carbinol, isopropylcarbinol and the trimethyl carbinol); Ketone (for example acetone); Ethers (for example two
Figure 2006800363780_16
alkane, tetrahydrofuran (THF) and methoxyl group (gathering) ethylene glycol); Amides (for example ε-caprolactam and DMF); Sulfoxide type (for example methyl-sulphoxide); And polyalcohols (ethylene glycol for example, glycol ether, propylene glycol, triglycol, Tetraglycol 99, polyoxyethylene glycol, 1,3-PD, dipropylene glycol, 2,2,4-trimethylammonium-1, the 3-pentanediol, polypropylene glycol, glycerine, Polyglycerine, 2-butylene-Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-glycol, 1,3 butylene glycol, BDO, 1,5-PD, 1,6-hexylene glycol, 1, the 2-cyclohexanedimethanol, 1,2-hexalin, TriMethylolPropane(TMP), diethanolamine, trolamine, polyoxytrimethylene, POLOXAMER, tetramethylolmethane and Sorbitol Powder).By the way, this polyvalent alcohol can be used as linking agent by suitably selecting temperature and time, or can be used as solvent and without complete reaction, or uses as both.
Although depend on for example type, particle diameter and the water-content of water-absorbent besin particles, the amount of the hydrophilic organic solvent used advantageously is not more than 10 weight parts, more advantageously in the scope of 0.1-5 weight part, the solids content of the water-absorbent besin particles of every 100 weight parts.In addition, as the third material, those disclosed materials in EP 0668080 that can also coexist, as mineral acid, organic acid and polyamino acid.These mixed aids can be used as surface crosslinking agent, but advantageously mustn't go to surface-crosslinked water-absorbent besin particles with low water absorption character those.Especially, boiling point is needed lower than the volatile alcohol of 150 ℃, because their volatilize and therefore do not stay their residue in surface-crosslinked treating processes.
When water-absorbent besin particles and surface crosslinking agent mix, for water-absorbent besin particles and surface crosslinking agent are mixed more equably, can also coexist crosslinkable not water-soluble inorganic alkali (advantageously, an alkali metal salt, ammonium salt, alkali metal hydroxide, and ammonia or its oxyhydroxide) and/or unreducible an alkali metal salt pH buffer reagent is (advantageously, as supercarbonate, dihydrogen phosphate and hydrophosphate).The consumption of these materials depends on type or the particle diameter of water-absorbent besin particles, but it is advantageously at the 0-10 weight part, more advantageously in the scope of 0.05-5 weight part, and the solids content of the absorbent resin of every 100 weight parts.
Although be not particularly limited, but what the method that water-absorbent besin particles and surface crosslinking agent mix can be given an example for example has: wherein water-absorbent besin particles immerses a kind of method that then the hydrophilic organic solvent neutralization mixes with surface crosslinking agent (if necessary, water-soluble and/or hydrophilic organic solvent in); Wherein the surface crosslinking agent in water-soluble and/or hydrophilic organic solvent is by Direct spraying or be added drop-wise in water-absorbent besin particles so that a kind of method that they are mixed.In addition, for the situation of spray surface cross-linking agent solution, the size of the drop of being sprayed is advantageously between 1-300 μ m, more advantageously between 2-200 μ m.
After the mixing of water-absorbent besin particles and surface crosslinking agent, usually advantageously heat-treat to implement crosslinking reaction.Although depend on used surface crosslinking agent, above heat treated temperature is advantageously between 40-250 ℃, more advantageously between 150-250 ℃.Situation for treatment temp lower than 40 ℃, absorptive character are not improved sometimes fully as the specific absorption under at pressure.Situation for treatment temp higher than 250 ℃, cause the degeneration of water-absorbent besin particles sometimes, so degradation, so need to be noted.Situation for oil or steam as heating medium, above heat treated temperature is the temperature of heating medium.On the other hand, for electron radiation or other means, for dry but do not use the situation of heating medium, above heat treated temperature is the temperature of material (main body be dried).The heat treated time length is at 1 minute-2 hours, more preferably in the scope of 5 minutes-1 hour.
(2-6) hydraulic permeability enhancement process step
Advantageously comprise according to the production method of aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention the hydraulic permeability enhancement process step that the purpose that strengthens for hydraulic permeability allows water-absorbent besin particles be processed.This hydraulic permeability enhancement process step can be before surface-crosslinked step, simultaneously or any time afterwards carry out.Yet, in order to bring into play more effect of the present invention, advantageously, after surface-crosslinked step and with this step, carry out independently hydraulic permeability enhancement process step.The processing strengthened for hydraulic permeability is not particularly limited, if it is the processing that strengthens the hydraulic permeability of water-absorbent besin particles.Yet, for the processing that hydraulic permeability strengthens is advantageously undertaken by adding the hydraulic permeability toughener.
The hydraulic permeability toughener is more advantageously water-soluble polyvalent metal compounds or water-soluble poly cation compound, be more advantageously water-soluble polyvalent metal compounds again, especially advantageously be selected from aluminum compound, zirconium compounds, titanium compound and there is at least one compound in amino compound.Specifically, the example of hydraulic permeability toughener is included in those of (1-2) joint illustrated.In addition, this hydraulic permeability toughener is advantageously water miscible, because it can easily more evenly add on the whole surface of absorbent resin, and not separately and other shortcoming.
The hydraulic permeability toughener is with 0.001-10wt% advantageously, and more advantageously the amount of 0.01-5wt% is used, with respect to water-absorbent besin particles.
The method of adding the hydraulic permeability toughener is not particularly limited.It can be dry blending, or the form that this hydraulic permeability toughener can the aqueous solution adds, or addition means can be undertaken by heat fusing.
More particularly, dry blending is wherein water-absorbent besin particles and the mixed uniformly method of above hydraulic permeability toughener (it is solid and pulverous) (for example polyvalent metal compounds or fine inorganic particles) in drying and after pulverizing.If necessary, after this mixing, further interpolation and mixing water or polyatomic alcohol water solution, and in addition, can be heated." interpolation of aqueous solution form " be wherein for example the aqueous solution of polyvalent metal compounds or polycationic compounds or for example the dispersion liquid of polyvalent metal compounds or polycationic compounds be added in water-absorbent besin particles so that a kind of method that they are mixed.The concentration of polyvalent metal compounds or polycationic compounds is higher, is more favourable.In addition, after mixing, if necessary, can be heated.Heat fusing is a kind of method, wherein: for example, when polyvalent metal hydrate (Tai-Ace S 150, potassium alum, ammonium alum, sodium alum) and water-absorbent besin particles mix or heated afterwards; Or the water-absorbent besin particles of preheating mixes with polyvalent metal compounds; Polyvalent metal hydrate melting and then adhering on water-absorbent besin particles accordingly.If necessary, can add water before heating.
The production method of aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention is by suitably combining above-mentioned steps to realize.The example of the method comprises following method 1 to 3.
<method 1 >
A kind of method: wherein under the internal crosslinking agent of specified quantitative exists after the polymerization single polymerization monomer aqueous solution, formed hydropolymer extrudes so pulverizes this hydropolymer from the perforation structure with specific eye diameter, and formed pulverizing gel is carried out to drying.
<method 2 >
A kind of method: wherein under the existence of the internal crosslinking agent of specified quantitative and under the existence at whipping agent after the polymerization single polymerization monomer aqueous solution, formed hydropolymer is pulverized, and formed pulverizing gel is carried out to drying.
<method 3 >
A kind of method: wherein under the existence of the internal crosslinking agent of specified quantitative after the polymerization single polymerization monomer aqueous solution, formed hydropolymer is pulverized, and formed pulverizing gel is carried out drying and then carries out coalescent.
In these methods 1 to 3, pulverize advantageously agglomerated thing particle of gel.Further, advantageously after drying, carry out the surface-crosslinked and interpolation hydraulic permeability toughener.Further advantageously, carry out polyreaction with the aqueous solution of specific high density.
[work embodiment]
Below, by be not that the present invention is described more specifically by the following example of certain preferred embodiments according to comparative example of the present invention contrast.Yet the present invention is not limited to them.Below, for convenience's sake, unit " weight part " and " liter " can be respectively referred to as " parts " and " L ".In addition, unit " % by weight " can be called " wt% ".
Below be given in measurement and evaluation method in embodiment and comparative example.
In addition, unless otherwise mentioned, otherwise following measurement and evaluation are considered to carry out under the condition of the humidity of room temperature (25 ℃) and 50RH%.
By the way, following statement is based on that the supposition of measuring absorbent resin (particle) or aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent carries out.In addition, for measurement, be purchased absorbent resin or the situation of the absorbent resin that separates with diaper, it be under reduced pressure suitably dry (for example 60-80 ℃ of drying 16 hours) in order to there is measurement after the solids content of 90-100wt%.
(a) water receptivity (CRC: centrifugal stop ability)
Absorbent resin or the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of 0.200g amount are positioned over equably by nonwoven fabric (trade name: Heatron Paper, type: GSP-22, by Nangoku PulpKogyo Co., Lt d. produces) in the bag (60mm * 60mm) made, and then be immersed in the physiological saline (following this physiological saline all refers to the 0.9wt% sodium chloride aqueous solution) of adjusted temperature to 25 ℃.After 30 minutes, by this bag of taking-up with then use centrifuge separator (by KokusanCo., Ltd. produces, and centrifuge separator: the centrifugal force that model H-122) applies 250G falls water with drop in 3 minutes, then measures the weight W of this bag 1(g).In addition, in the situation that do not have aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent to carry out and above identical program, measure the weight W obtained 0(g).Then, according to following equation, from W 1and W 0calculate CRC (g/g):
CRC (g/g)=[(W 1(g)-W 0(g) weight of)/absorbent resin (g)]-1
(b) specific absorption under pressure (AAP)
Specific absorption under pressure (AAP) refers under the load of 4.83kPa in 60 minutes for the specific absorption under physiological saline (0.9wt% sodium chloride aqueous solution) pressure.
This measurement is to carry out with the device shown in Fig. 1.
By stainless steel metal silk screen 101, it is that (mesh size: screen cloth 38 μ m) is fused to the bottom of the plastic support cylinder 100 with 60mm internal diameter to 400 orders.Then, under the condition of the humidity of room temperature (23.0 ± 2.0 ℃) and 50RH%, the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent 102 of uniformly dispersing 0.90g on above wire cloth, and in addition in the above, put successively piston 103 and load 104, wherein piston only have than the external diameter of a little bit smaller point of 60mm and and the inner wall surface of supporting cylinder between there is no gap, but do not stop and move up and down, and wherein to piston with load is regulated so that the load of 4.83kPa (0.7psi) puts on aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent equably.Then, measure the weight W a (g) of a set of measuring apparatus of setting up.
By the glass screen plate 106 of 90mm diameter (by Sogo Rikagaku GlassSeisakusho Co., Ltd. produce, pore diameter: the inside that 100-120 μ m) is arranged on the Petri dish 105 of 150mm diameter, then add physiological saline (0.9wt% sodium chloride aqueous solution) 108 (20-25 ℃) to the horizontal plane identical with the top of glass screen plate, then place in the above the filter paper 107 of 90mm diameter (by ADVANTEC Toyo Co., Ltd. produce, trade name: (JIS P 3801, No.2), thickness: 0.26mm, catch the diameter of particle: 5 μ m) so that the whole surface of filter paper is wetted, and remove in addition excessive liquid.
Described a set of measuring apparatus is arranged on above wet filter paper, has therefore obtained the liquid absorbed in predetermined amount of time under load.This absorption time length be defined as from measurement start the meter 1 hour.Particularly, after 1 hour, this cover measuring apparatus is removed by lifting, measures its weight W b (g).The measurement of weight must be carried out as soon as possible, therefore has been unlikely any vibration.Then, according to following equation, from Wa and Wb calculating, the specific absorption (AAP) under pressure is (g/g):
The weight (g) of AAP (g/g)=[Wb (g)-Wa (g)]/aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent
(c) uptake rate (FSR: free swell speed)
The amount of weighing aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent (unit: g) (W a) (being calculated by following equation (a)) accurately to the four decimal places.By the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of weighing join the 25ml glass beaker (diameter: 32-34mm, highly: 50mm), then allow the top that joins the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent in this beaker become level.If necessary, can deal with, as patted carefully this beaker, so that the surface of aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent becomes level.Then, the adjusted physiological saline (0.9wt% sodium chloride aqueous solution) to 23.0 ± 2.0 ℃ of the temperature of weighing 20ml joins in the 50ml glass beaker, then by weight (unit: g) measure accurately to the four decimal place (W 1).Then, this physiological saline of weighing also is poured in the 25ml beaker that aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent is housed rapidly carefully.Time measurement starts when physiological saline when impouring contacts with aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent simultaneously.Then, with eyes with the about angle of the 20 ° top of physiological saline in the beaker of physiological saline of having observed impouring therein.Then, when absorbing in aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent due to physiological saline while making this top (it has been the liquid level of physiological saline at the beginning) by the surface replacement of aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent (having absorbed physiological saline), stop time measurement (unit: second) (t s).Then, measure the weight still be attached to the physiological saline on the 50ml beaker after the impouring of physiological saline (unit: g), accurately to the four decimal place (W 2).Measure the weight (W of the physiological saline of institute's impouring from following equation (b) f, unit: g).
Calculate water-intake rate (FSR) from following equation (c).
Equation (a):
W A(g)＝20(g)/(0.75×CRC(g/g))
Equation (b):
W F(g)＝W 1(g)-W 2(g)
Equation (c):
FSR(g/g/s)＝W F/(t s×W A)
Each sample, repeat three identical measurements.Measuring result is defined as the mean value of three observed values.
(d) salt solution water conservancy diversion rate (SFC)
(SFC measuring apparatus)
This measurement is to measure under load, to absorb physiological saline the therefore salt solution water conservancy diversion rate (SFC) of formed gel coat in the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of swelling.
This measuring method of salt solution water conservancy diversion rate (SFC) is used Darcy's law and steady flow method (for example, referring to " Absorbency ", P.K.Chatterjee edits, Elsevier 1985,42-43 page and Chemical Engineering, II volume, the 3rd edition, J.M.Coulson and J.F.Richarson, Pergamon Press, 1978, the 125-127 pages).
The device that is advantageously used in this measurement is shown in Fig. 2.This device has the storage tank (202) of the approximately 5L capacity be placed on laboratory screw block (203).Basin (202) has the port Glass tubing and has been provided at wherein in order to obtain the soft rubber ball part (200) of the function that keeps the statics of fluids constant height.Add liquid by taking off soft rubber ball part (201) in basin (202).Basin (202) has the liquid exit below liquid level, and the Glass tubing (204) with valve (205) is connected to this outlet.Liquid starting material can be controlled by opening and closing this valve (205).Glass tubing (204) is connected to flexible pipe (210).The other end of flexible pipe (210) is set in order to liquid is all joined in illustrated SFC instrument (206).This SFC instrument (206) is arranged in the support (209) of the stainless steel metal silk screen with 1mm mesh size.Placed the holding tank (207) for liquid collecting under this support (209).This holding tank (207) is placed on balance (208).Balance (208) is with being wired to computer, and at each, definite time can be obtained the quality of collected liquid like this.
By the way, in Fig. 2, in order to be conducive to the understanding to accompanying drawing, on the scale amplified of comparing with the contraction scale of left-hand unit, right-hand unit (for example the SFC instrument 206, holding tank 207, balance 208, carrier 209) is illustrated.
As for Fig. 3, the SFC instrument consists essentially of: cylinder (214) (the processing LEXAN that the stainless steel metal silk screen is arranged in bottom ror its equivalent obtains); Piston (212) is (by processing LEXAN ror its equivalent obtains); There is input tube for liquid and insert the lid (213) of the opening of use (by processing LEXAN ror its equivalent obtains); And counterweight (211).Piston (212) has the piston head (215) that forms hole, as shown in FIG. 3.The hole of piston head (215) has cylindrical structural, and the latter penetrates on the direction up and down of piston head (215), as shown in FIG. 4.Bottom in piston head (215), (mesh size: silk screen (216) 38 μ m) is (by Weisse &amp to have adhered to 400 orders; Eschrich produces, material: SUS 304, mesh width: 0.038mm, silk thread diameter: 0.025mm).Piston head (215) has that only diameter and the size that has of a little bit smaller point allow piston head (215) move smoothly but do not hinder and move up and down in the inside of cylinder (214) than the internal diameter of cylinder (214).Top to the axle of piston (212) is processed, so that counterweight can be placed on it.Cylinder (214) has internal diameter (the bottom area 28.27cm of 6.00cm 2), the wall thickness of 0.5cm and the height of 6.0cm.Bottom in cylinder (214), (mesh size: silk screen (216) 38 μ m) is (by Weisse &amp to have adhered to 400 orders; Eschrich produces, material: SUS 304, mesh width: 0.038mm, silk thread diameter: 0.025mm).Lid (213) has than the profile of the axle of piston (212) hole of larger size only, and the axle of piston (212) can move smoothly but not hinder and move up and down like this.In addition, lid (213) has the opening of the insertion use of input tube for liquid.Gross weight to counterweight (211) and piston (212) is regulated, so that the load of 2.07kPa (0.3psi) can put on the bottom of this cylinder.
(SFC measuring method)
At first, before aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent adds, in other words, under empty state, measure SFC instrument-comprise cylinder (214), piston (212), lid (213) and counterweight (211)-height (h 0: unit=mm, the number of significant figure=4) and weight (W 0: unit=g, the number of significant figure=4).Then, the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of weighing 3.00 ± 0.05g (W: unit=g, the number of significant figure=4).Amount to the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of institute's weighing is advantageously regulated, so that following " d end value " is at 10-20mm, more preferably in the scope of 15-20mm.For example, for water receptivity (CRC), in the 5-16g/g scope, the amount of the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of institute's weighing is adjusted to 3.00 ± 0.05g.Arrive the situation in the scope of 20g/g for water receptivity (CRC) higher than 16g/g, the amount of the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of weighing is adjusted to 2.00 ± 0.03g.Arrive the situation in the scope of 25g/g for water receptivity (CRC) higher than 20g/g, the amount of the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of weighing is adjusted to 1.60 ± 0.03g.It is pointed out that the amount of the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of weighing is advantageously regulated, so that following " d end value " is in above scope.The aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of weighing is positioned on the whole bottom of this cylinder (214), so as carefully and be evenly dispersed in the there., piston (212), lid (213) and counterweight (211) be installed, to measure the height (h of SFC instrument thereafter 1: unit=mm).Then, physiological saline (0.9wt% sodium chloride aqueous solution) is added to at least 16cm and highly at least in the Petri dish of 4cm, so that this SFC instrument starts to be submerged at least 3cm from its bottom of diameter.The filter paper that is 90mm by diameter (by ADVANTEC Co., the filter paper that Ltd. produces: No.2) be placed at the interior end of Petri dish.The SFC instrument that will contain aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent is placed on filter paper so that this aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent swelling 60 minutes.At aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent, in this way after swelling 60 minutes, the SFC instrument is taken out from Petri dish, to measure the height (h of SFC instrument 2: unit=mm, the number of significant figure=4) and weight (W 2: unit=g, the number of significant figure=4).Thereafter, the support (209) of this SFC instrument being removed and is installed to the SFC measuring apparatus is upper, and flexible pipe (210) is installed in socket.Then, open valve (205) thus start to add liquid.After liquid adds beginning, be adjusted in the statics of fluids height in cylinder in order to remain on 5cm, until reach about 200g through the amount (being indicated by balance) of gel coat and the liquid that then is collected.This adjusting can be by regulating laboratory screw block (203) height or by regulating, from the height than lower part of the Glass tubing of the top insertion of basin (202), carry out.When the statics of fluids height in cylinder remains on 5cm through overregulating, the computer started by being connected with balance through the weight data of gel coat and the liquid then be collected gathers.Within every 5 seconds, carry out the data input, until till 180 seconds.Yet, if the amount of collected liquid reached and is not less than 2kg after the beginning of data input in 180 seconds, for example, in this time point (120 seconds), stop the data input.After the data end of input, valve-off (205) promptly.Thereafter, as liquid almost not when the bottom of the cylinder (214) of SFC instrument flows down (when the statics of fluids height cylinder (214) is consistent with the height of gel coat), the height (h of measurement SFC instrument 3: unit=mm, the number of significant figure=4).This SFC instrument moved to cylindrical instrument (there is with the cylinder of SFC instrument identical internal diameter) and drop down water 30 minutes in order to drip thereafter.Thereby this operation is that the SFC instrument is placed on cylindrical instrument and dripping of water is dropped down advantageously carry out under a kind of state, and this state requires the bottom (aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent in cylinder is disposed thereon) of wire cloth directly not contact with any article.Carrying out in the above described manner after dripping of water drop down 30 minutes, measuring the height (h of SFC instrument 4: unit=mm, the number of significant figure=4) and weight (W 4: unit=g, the number of significant figure=4).
(calculating of SFC)
To by the data of computer acquisition, be depicted on graphic representation, the weight (g) that time t (second) is indicated as X-axis and collected liquid is indicated as Y-axis.Formed curve is approached as straight line by method of least squares, then measures slope (the rate) (unit: g/s) of this straight line.
This SFC measures from following equation:
SFC(cm 3·s·10 -7/g)
=(d end value * slope)/(area * density * pressure) * 10,000,000
Wherein:
Area (cm 2)=28.27
Density (g/cm 3)=1.005 (density of 20 ℃ of lower 0.9wt% physiological saline of use)
D end value (cm)={ (h 2-h 0)+(h 3-h 0)/2/10
(e) wet porosity
The measurement of the porosity that wets after the measurement of salt solution water conservancy diversion rate (SFC).
By five metafiltration paper, (10cm * 10cm is produced grade: 989) be placed on level experiment pallet by Ahlstrom.Then, the SFC instrument dropped down 30 minutes that drips that carries out water is placed 10 minutes on above five metafiltration paper.This SFC instrument moved to the new five metafiltration paper of same as described above independent preparation on thereafter.After 16 ± 2 hours, measure the height (h of SFC instrument 5: unit=mm) and weight (W 5: unit=g).By the way, the technical indicator of above-mentioned filter paper is described in EDANA through in test (strikethrough test).
Wet porosity is calculated by following equation:
The porosity that wets (unit: %)
＝[(W 3-W 4-0.7)/{h 4-h 0}×28.27]]×100
(f) particle diameter
The water-absorbent besin particles of having pulverized or aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent be with having 850 μ m, 710 μ m, and 600 μ m, 500 μ m, 425 μ m, 300 μ m, 212 μ m, the JIS standard sieve of the mesh size of 150 μ m and 45 μ m carries out classification.Then, will on these screen clothes, be depicted on logarithmic probability paper by the per-cent R of residue.From wherein reading weight average particle diameter (D50).It is pointed out that the situation that surpasses 850 μ m for the size of water-absorbent besin particles or aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent, that uses aptly mesh size to surpass 850 μ m is purchased the JIS standard sieve.
(g) logstandard deviation of size distribution (σ ζ)
Water-absorbent besin particles or aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent be with having 850 μ m, 710 μ m, and 600 μ m, 500 μ m, 425 μ m, 300 μ m, 212 μ m, the JIS standard sieve of the mesh size of 150 μ m and 45 μ m carries out classification.Then, will on these screen clothes, be depicted on logarithmic probability paper by the per-cent R of residue.It is pointed out that the situation that surpasses 850 μ m for the size of water-absorbent besin particles or aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent, that uses aptly mesh size to surpass 850 μ m is purchased the JIS standard sieve.Therefore, if X1 is defined as the particle diameter when R=84.1wt%, and if X2 be defined as the particle diameter when R=15.9wt%, logstandard deviation (α ζ) is provided by following equation.Less α ζ value shows narrower size distribution.
σξ＝0.5×ln(X2/X1)
Stage division as for the logstandard deviation (α ζ) of measuring particle diameter and size distribution; the water-absorbent besin particles of 10.0g or aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent are joined to the JIS standard sieve and (there are 850 μ m; 710 μ m; 600 μ m; 500 μ m; 425 μ m; 300 μ m; 212 μ m; the mesh size of 150 μ m and 45 μ m) (IIDA TESTING SIEVE: diameter=8cm); then (IIDA SIEVE SHAKER, model: the ES-65 type, SER.No.0501) classification is 5 minutes to use the vibration separation device.
(h) tap density
The tap density of water-absorbent besin particles or aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent is measured by the method for describing in edana460.1-99.
(i) but extraction components content
In the plastic containers of the 250ml capacity that lid is arranged, weighing and add the physiological saline (0.9wt% sodium chloride aqueous solution) of 184.3g.Then, the absorbent resin of 1.00g or aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent are joined in this aqueous solution, then they are stirred 16 hours, therefore from resin, extract extractible component.(by ADVANTECToyo Co., Lt d. produces resulting filter paper for extracting liq, trade name: (JIS P 3801, No.2), thickness: 0.26mm, catch the diameter of particle: 5 μ m) filter, then the gained filtrate of weighing 50.0g as measuring solution.
At the beginning, only physiological saline at first with 0.1N NaOH aqueous solution titration until pH reaches 10, therefore then gained solution until pH reaches 2.7, obtains blank titration amount ([bNaOH] ml and [bHCl] ml) with 0.1N HCl aqueous solution titration.
Also for described measurement solution, carry out identical titration program, therefore obtain titer ([NaOH] ml and [HCl] ml).
For example, if absorbent resin comprises the vinylformic acid of known quantity and its sodium salt, but the extraction components content of absorbent resin is to calculate according to following equation from the molecular-weight average of monomer and the titer obtained from above program.For the situation of unknown quantity, the molecular-weight average of monomer is to calculate from the degree of neutralization by titration determination.
But extraction components content (wt%)=0.1 * (molecular-weight average) * 184.3 * 100 * ([HCl]-[bHCl])/1,000/1.0/50.0
Degree of neutralization (mol%)=[1-([NaOH]-[bNaOH])/([HCl]-[bHCl])] * 100
[embodiment 1]
In the formed reactor of stainless steel double arm kneading mixer of the jacketed of 10 liters of capacity that there are two σ type blades by capping, be dissolved in the sodium acrylate aqueous solution (monomer concentration: carry out preparation feedback liquid about 40wt%) of the degree of neutralization with 60mol% of 5,367.3g by the D-Sorbitol Powder of the polyethyleneglycol diacrylate by 52.63g (0.4mol%) and 18.33g (0.4mol%).Then, this reaction liquid is in nitrogen atmosphere degassed 20 minutes.Subsequently, add therein the 10wt% sodium persulfate aqueous solution of 30.19g and the 0.1wt%L-aqueous ascorbic acid of 25.16g under agitation condition.As a result, approximately starting polyreaction after 1 minute.Then, polyreaction is carried out in 20-95 ℃ of scope, and the gel formed is pulverized simultaneously.Then, after 30 minutes from polyreaction starts, formed hydropolymer is discharged.Formed hydropolymer presents the dispersion fritter with the diameter that is not more than about 5mm.
Formed for hydropolymer screw extrusion press (by Hiraga Kosakusho, Chopper produces, MODEL:TB-32, eye diameter=the 9.5mm of perforation plate, thickness=the 5.0mm of perforation plate, revolution=the 32.5rpm of screw rod) pulverizing and coalescent, therefore obtained the pulverizing hydropolymer particle that is ground into fritter.By the way, this hydropolymer was with supply in 1300g/ minute.
The formed pulverizing hydropolymer particle that has been dispersed into fritter is distributed to 50 orders (mesh size: on wire cloth 300 μ m), then use the hot-air dry 40 minutes of 180 ℃.Then, dry product pulverizes and then uses the JI S standard sieve classification of the mesh size with 600 μ m and 150 μ m with roller mill, therefore obtain the absorbent resin (solids content with 96 % by weight) with irregular pulverized shape, it has the weight average particle diameter of 324 μ m and 0.32 logstandard deviation (α ζ).
The absorbent resin that obtains of 500 weight part consumptions is joined to L
Figure 2006800363780_17
the dige mixing tank is (by L
Figure 2006800363780_18
dige produces, model: M5R), then with the surface crosslinking agent of the mixing liquid of the pure water of the propylene glycol of the BDO that comprises 2.4 weight parts, 3.8 weight parts and 20.0 weight parts, under agitation with spray pattern, mix equably.Then, by the absorbent resin mixed with surface-crosslinked agent solution join stainless steel reactor with agitator (diameter: about 30cm, highly: about 20cm).Then, reactor is immersed in oil bath (its temperature has been adjusted to 200 ℃) and implement surface-crosslinked 35 minutes under agitation to heat-treat.After this thermal treatment, formed absorbent resin disintegration, to such degree, makes it can pass the JIS standard sieve of the mesh size with 600 μ m.As a result, obtain surface-crosslinked water-absorbent besin particles.
The formed surface-crosslinked water-absorbent besin particles of 100 weight part consumptions is heated to 150 ℃, then under agitation with the potassium alum (aluminum potassium sulfate 12 hydrate) of 1.6 weight parts, evenly mix 5 minutes, therefore obtain aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent (1).The physicals of this aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent (1) is shown in Table 1.
[table 1]
Embodiment Aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent SFC (×10 -7cm 3·s/g) CRC (g/g) FSR (g/g/s) Wet porosity (%) D50 (μm) The ratio (wt%) of 150-600 μ m
1 (1) 1564 9.1 0.18 41.3 353 98.3
2 (2) 1632 9.2 0.23 41.9 321 98.4
3 (3) 1236 10.0 0.29 40.4 358 98.8
4 (4) 1671 8.3 0.20 42.3 347 98.5
5 (5) 1598 9.0 0.15 41.1 320 98.5
6 (6) 1305 10.5 0.18 41.6 355 98.0
7 (7) 1365 10.3 0.18 42.3 337 98.4
[embodiment 2]
Obtain aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent (2) according to mode in the same manner as in Example 1, just: the eye diameter of the perforation plate in embodiment 1 is changed into 6.5mm.The physicals of aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent (2) is shown in Table 1.By the way, formed aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent (2) but there is the extraction components content of 1.1wt% and the tap density of 5.8g/ml.
[embodiment 3]
Obtain aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent (3) according to mode in the same manner as in Example 1, just: the consumption of polyethyleneglycol diacrylate is changed into 32.90g (0.25mol%); The consumption of D-Sorbitol Powder is changed into 16.04g (0.35mol%); Eye diameter at screw extrusion press middle punch plate is changed into 6.5mm; Change into 45 minutes with the surface-crosslinked treatment time.The physicals of aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent (3) is shown in Table 1.
[embodiment 4]
Obtain aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent (4) according to mode in the same manner as in Example 1, just: the consumption of polyethyleneglycol diacrylate is changed into 13.16g (0.1mol%); The consumption of D-Sorbitol Powder is changed into 27.50g (0.6mol%); Eye diameter at screw extrusion press middle punch plate is changed into 9.5mm; Change into 45 minutes with the surface-crosslinked treatment time.The physicals of aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent (4) is shown in Table 1.
[embodiment 5]
In the container of manufacturing at the polypropylene of 1 liter of the internal diameter 80mm of polystyrene foamed plastics body capping with belonging to heat insulator and capacity, by the vinylformic acid by 300g, 1.80g 1.0wt% diethylene triaminepentaacetic acid(DTPA) five sodium water solutions, 3.60g the acrylic acid solution of IRGACURE (registered trademark) 184 mix to prepare solution (A), and the mixture solution of the D-Sorbitol Powder of the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution by the 48.5wt% by 209.0g and the adjusted ion exchanged water to 50 ℃ of 252g temperature and 1.53g (0.2mol%) mixes to prepare solution (B).Solution (B) is added to rapidly in the solution (A) stirred with magnetic stirring apparatus they is mixed, therefore obtain monomer solution (C).As for this monomer solution (C), due to neutralization heat and solution heat, its fluid temperature is elevated to approximately 100 ℃.
Then, the 3wt% sodium persulfate aqueous solution of 11g is added in this monomer solution (C).And then thereafter, the internal surface that formed mixture is poured in open system scribbles in the stainless steel barrel shape container of teflon (registered trademark).With monomer solution, be poured in stainless steel barrel shape container side by side, the utilization of stainless steel barrel shape container is arranged on the ultraviolet radiation apparatus uviolizing apart from the 60cm At The Height of the bottom of this stainless steel barrel shape container.
After in above-described monomer solution (C) is poured into bucket, soon, polyreaction starts.When water vapour distributes, carry out polyreaction.The temperature of polyreaction is approximately reaching its peak value in 1 minute.After 3 minutes, stop uviolizing, then discharge formed hydropolymer.
Formed mincer (MEAT-CHOPPER for hydropolymer, model: 12VR-400KSOX, by Iizuka Kogyo Co., Ltd. produce, mouth nib eye diameter=6.4mm, the number of eyelet=38, mouthful mould thickness=8mm) pulverize, therefore obtain the hydropolymer particle that is divided into fritter.
The formed pulverizing hydropolymer particle that has been dispersed into fritter is distributed to 50 orders (mesh size: on wire cloth 300 μ m), then use the hot-air dry of 180 ℃.Then, dry product is pulverized with roller mill and, then with the JIS standard sieve classification of the mesh size with 600 μ m and 45 μ m, is therefore obtained the water-absorbent besin particles (solids content with 96 % by weight) with irregular pulverized shape.
Under agitation, surface-crosslinked agent solution by the formed water-absorbent besin particles of 100 weight part consumptions with the mixing liquid of the pure water of the propylene glycol of spray pattern and the BDO that comprises 0.45 weight part, 0.7 weight part and 4.0 weight parts mixes equably.Then, the hot-air dry baking oven for water-absorbent besin particles mixed with surface-crosslinked agent solution (temperature: 180 ℃) heat-treats to carry out surface-crosslinked 1 hour.After this thermal treatment, formed absorbent resin disintegration, to such degree, makes it can pass the JIS standard sieve of the mesh size with 600 μ m.As a result, obtain surface-crosslinked water-absorbent besin particles.
The formed surface-crosslinked water-absorbent besin particles of 100 weight part consumptions is heated to 150 ℃, then under agitation with the potassium alum (aluminum potassium sulfate 12 hydrate) of 1.6 weight parts, evenly mix 5 minutes, therefore obtain aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent (5).The physicals of aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent (5) is shown in Table 1.
[embodiment 6]
Obtain aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent (6) according to the mode identical with embodiment 5, just: the surface-crosslinked treatment time is changed into 45 minutes.The physicals of aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent (6) is shown in Table 1.
[embodiment 7]
According to embodiment 5 in same mode obtain aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent (7), just: the consumption of D-Sorbitol Powder is changed into 0.77g (0.1mol%); Change into 90 minutes with the surface-crosslinked treatment time.The physicals of aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent (7) is shown in Table 1.
[comparative example 1]
According to embodiment 1 in same mode obtain contrast aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent (1), just: the polyethyleneglycol diacrylate of D-13.16g (0.1mol%) Sorbitol Powder for of the polyethyleneglycol diacrylate of 52.63g (0.4mol%) and 18.33g (0.4mol%) and the replacement of the glycerine of 13.90g (0.6mol%); Eye diameter at screw extrusion press middle punch plate is changed into 4.5mm; Change into 32.5rpm with the revolution of screw rod.The physicals of contrast aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent (1) is shown in Table 2.
[table 2]
The comparative example The contrast aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent SFC(×10 -7cm 3·s/g) CRC (g/g) FSR (g/g/s) Wet porosity (%) D50 (μm) The ratio (wt%) of 150-600 μ m
1 (1) 953 10.1 0.24 37.3 324 97.5
2 (2) 1000 12.1 0.34 39.0 350 99.9
3 (3) 897 10.0 0.37 - 353 98.3
[comparative example 2]
Obtain contrast aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent (2) according to mode similarly to Example 1, just: the polyethyleneglycol diacrylate of D-92.11g (0.7mol%) for Sorbitol Powder of the polyethyleneglycol diacrylate of 52.63g (0.4mol%) and 18.33g (0.4mol%) replaces separately; Eye diameter at screw extrusion press middle punch plate is changed into 4.5mm; The revolution of screw rod is changed into 32.5rpm; 2.4 for the mixture liquid of the pure water of the propylene glycol of the BDO of weight part, 3.8 weight parts and 20 weight parts, the mixture liquid of the pure water of the propylene glycol of the BDO of 2.3 weight parts, 4.5 weight parts and 22.5 weight parts replaces.The physicals of contrast aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent (2) is shown in table 2.
[comparative example 3]
Obtain hydropolymer according to mode similarly to Example 5, the just D-Sorbitol Powder of D-3.07g (0.4mol%) Sorbitol Powder for of 1.53g (0.2mol%) replacement.By according to embodiment 5 in same mode is pulverized and classification obtains hydropolymer, carry out following operation: " by the formed pulverizing hydropolymer particulate dispersion that has been divided into fritter to 50 orders (mesh size: on wire cloth 300 μ m); then use the hot-air dry of 180 ℃; and follow dry product and pulverize with roller mill and then with the JIS standard sieve that has respectively the mesh size of 850 μ m and 45 μ m, carry out classification, therefore obtain and have the water-absorbent besin particles of pulverized shape (solids content with 96wt%) brokenly ".
In the formed water-absorbent besin particles of 100 weight part consumptions, add the cationic polymers (by BASF Co., Ltd. produces, Catiofast PR8106:N-vinyl-formaldehyde/polyvinylamine multipolymer) of 2.5 weight parts, they are mixed, do not have surface-crosslinked.Formed mixture equably spread in glass Petri dish and by the hot-air dry baking oven for heating of 60 ℃ temperature 1 hour, therefore obtain contrast aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent (3) thereafter.The physicals of contrast aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent (3) is shown in Table 2.
The present invention is not limited to the description of above embodiment, but can be changed by one of skill in the art within the scope of the claims.Take the appropriate combination of in different embodiments disclosed technique means in basic embodiment is included in technical scope of the present invention.
Industrial applicibility
In the present invention, for example, if construct by containing with good grounds aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the present invention as the absorbent structure in diaper at sanitary material,, in the use and other purposes of sanitary material, can be significantly improved, make the sanitary material can attenuation, because: liquid, aqueous can being absorbed rapidly, and this liquid, aqueous can also diffusion by wider scope, and further, this liquid, aqueous can being retained to be not less than the amount absorbed by aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent.

Claims (11)

1. contain the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of 90-100 % by weight water-absorbent besin particles as main ingredient, wherein this water-absorbent besin particles is by comprising that polymerization has the method for step of the water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer of carboxyl to obtain, inside at them has crosslinking structure, and be surface-crosslinked
This aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent is characterised in that:
Described water-absorbent besin particles obtains by comprising 90～100mol% vinylformic acid except linking agent and/or the monomer polymerization of its salt;
This aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent has the water receptivity (CRC) of 5-25g/g and is no less than 1216cm 3s10 -7the salt solution water conservancy diversion rate (SFC) of/g, the degree of neutralization of the carboxyl of described water-absorbent besin particles is 45-85mol%,
Except water-absorbent besin particles, this aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent comprises the hydraulic permeability toughener, with respect to the additive of 0～10 % by weight of water-absorbent besin particles.
2. according to the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of claim 1, wherein uptake rate (FSR) is not less than 0.1g/g/s.
3. according to any one aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent in claim 1-2, it is particle shape and wherein to be no less than 90wt% be the particle form with the particle diameter in 150-850 μ m scope.
4. according to any one aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent in claim 1-2, wherein at least a portion of this water-absorbent besin particles is the agglomerated thing particle.
5. there is the water receptivity (CRC) of 5-25g/g and be no less than 1216cm 3s10 -7the production method of the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of the salt solution water conservancy diversion rate (SFC) of/g,
The method comprises the following steps:
(a) can form under the existence of internal crosslinking agent of functional group of covalent linkage with carboxyl separately thering are at least four, in the monomer solution of the water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer that includes carboxyl, polymerization has the water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer of carboxyl, obtains thus hydropolymer;
(b) at the hydropolymer that is not less than dry acquisition in step (a) at the temperature of 150 ℃, obtain thus water-absorbent besin particles; With
(c) the surface-crosslinked water-absorbent besin particles obtained in step (b),
Wherein, with respect to the water-soluble olefinic unsaturated monomer that carboxyl is arranged, the amount of the internal crosslinking agent used (Y) (mol%) is meaned by following equation (1):
Y≥0.06/{2-(2.35X/100)}...(1)
In formula, X is the degree of neutralization (mol%) of carboxyl in water-absorbent besin particles and in the 45-85mol% scope.
6. according to the production method of the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of claim 5, further comprise the step of at least before or after step (b), pulverizing the hydropolymer obtained or the water-absorbent besin particles obtained.
7. according to the production method of the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of claim 6, wherein at least a portion of this water-absorbent besin particles is the agglomerated thing particle.
8. according to the production method of the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of any one in claim 5-7, allow water-absorbent besin particles be processed the step that realizes that hydraulic permeability strengthens before or after further being included in step (c).
9. the production method of aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent according to Claim 8, the processing wherein strengthened for hydraulic permeability is undertaken by adding the hydraulic permeability toughener.
10. according to the production method of the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of claim 9, wherein this hydraulic permeability toughener is at least one being selected from water soluble metallic compound and water-soluble poly cation compound.
11., according to the production method of the aqueous-liquid-absorbing agent of any one in claim 5-7, wherein this monomer solution has and not only is not less than 35wt% but also not higher than the monomer concentration of saturation concentration.
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