Power distribution network distribution circuit fault location system
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of power, particularly a kind of power distribution network line fault point positioning system.
Background technology
The power transmission line of electric system and distribution line are most of to be exposed aloft, thereby the easiest the thunderbolt, and cause accidents such as power failure, power-supply unit damage, line voltage and phase voltage center line wrong that show as typical the fault type operating phase shortage of substation transformer, broken string, electric voltage dropping etc. and human factor cause cause the overvoltage damage of consumer.When transformer or line failure, power department often can't be determined fault type and the residing position of transformer and the circuit that is belonged within the short time, and this brings very big inconvenience for power consumer and power department.Through estimation, the 500kV transmission line of electricity that transmission power is 400MW, if because line fault makes transmission of electricity interrupt 1 hour, direct economic loss reaches 1,200,000 yuan, but because 500kV power transmission network circuit is less, the possibility that the disruptive fault takes place is less relatively, and the distribution line of 10kV is that grid company is to the main networking of user, it is the main source that power supply department breaks down, account for more than 90% of electric power system fault, direct economic loss that causes and indirect social influence can't be estimated, so, the key of safety and reliable power supply is at power distribution network, and the safety-critical of distribution is in the normal operation of transformer and high-tension line (110kV-10kV).
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly to propose a kind of power distribution network distribution circuit fault location system based on electric network theory.It utilizes Handheld GPS position finder to measure the geography information of each station power distribution transformer, comprises longitude, latitude, and information is passed to PC by serial ports; Utilize the measurement and the three-phase voltage status information of communication unit measuring transformer be installed on each station power distribution transformer again, communication unit sends to PC and communication module by GSM network transmission note (SMS) with status information; The GSM terminal is judged the trouble spot by the monitoring software that is installed on the PC in conjunction with fault location algorithm after receiving the status information of each transformer, and shows its geographic position.The staff is the fault location point fast.This system architecture is simple, is easy to realize.
The present invention proposes a kind of power distribution network distribution circuit fault location system, it is characterized in that: comprise several measurements and communication unit A, PC and GSM terminal C:
1, measurement and communication unit are made up of power supply, the signal acquisition module (voltage sensor) of central processing unit, gsm module, measurement and the communication unit of measurement and communication unit, its annexation is: the output terminal of signal acquisition module links to each other with the A/D end of the central processing unit of measurement and communication unit, gsm module links to each other with the serial ports of the central processing unit of measurement and communication unit, and the power supply of measurement and communication unit links to each other with the power end of the central processing unit of measurement and communication unit, gsm module, signal acquisition module;
2, PC and GSM terminal are made up of GSM terminal and PC, and the input end of GSM terminating circuit is connected with the serial ports of PC;
3, the input end of three signal acquisition module of each measurement and communication unit is connected to the pair end of tested substation transformer three-phase; The geography information of gathering each tested substation transformer by Handheld GPS position finder B, and information passed to PC by serial ports; Transmit information by the mode of wireless telecommunications between the gsm module of each measurement and communication unit and PC and the GSM terminal GSM module;
4, the judgement of fault:
1), on PC, set up main wiring diagram, gathers the geography information of each tested substation transformer, and information is passed to PC by serial ports, give each transformer geography information according to the annexation of output power direction of tide and transformer and bus; The number of definition transformer is m, is a branch road between adjacent two intersection points, and n branch road then arranged, and sets up incidence matrix A on this basis
M * n, A
M * nIn each element a
IjBe defined as: when the power that flows into node i passes through branch road j, then a
Ij=1, when, the power that flows into node i and branch road j relatedly not a
Ij=0,0≤i≤m wherein, 0≤j≤n;
2), can form the distribution voltage status matrix S of every phase by the substation transformer three-phase voltage state that is installed in the report of measurement on every station power distribution transformer and communication unit
M * 1=, definition s
I1For working as i station power distribution transformer A phase voltage just often, s
I1=1; Otherwise, s when i station power distribution transformer A phase voltage is 0
I1=0;
3), according to incidence matrix A
M * nWith state matrix S
M * 1, form localization of fault matrix P
M * n, promptly get state matrix S
M * 1In be the capable subscript of 0 element, and that row element of the order incidence matrix A corresponding with it all is 0, promptly gets localization of fault matrix P
M * n
4) judgement of trouble spot:
Working as P=A, promptly is not 0 row entirely among the matrix P, and illustrating does not have alarming short message to send to Control Room, and every branch road is working properly;
Having and have only row in matrix P is 0 entirely, then the tail end line of listed branch road broken string;
When having among the matrix P more than row when being 0 entirely, illustrate that distribution middle branch broken string causes that a plurality of nodes break down, be the numbering of trouble-shooting branch road, the row subscript of more complete 0 row, the row subscript of its value minimum is fault branch and numbers;
5) report to the police: the position that on main wiring diagram, shows the trouble spot.
The present invention can be applied to:
1. protect the 10kV-0.4kV substation transformer;
2. protect the 10kV distribution line;
3. determine that station power distribution transformer or which section distribution line break down, realize full power distribution network
Localization of fault.
The present invention can reach following performance index
1.GPS bearing accuracy reaches 0.2 second;
2. the whole network fault location time was less than 2 minutes.
Conspicuous during good effect that the present invention brings, promptly use the present invention, can within the short time, position failure transformer or its branch road circuit that articulates, instruct and get rid of as early as possible or handle transmission line malfunction.
Not only reliably power supply is most important with assurance to timely reparation circuit, and the safety and stability and the economical operation of electric system all had crucial meaning.
Based on above-mentioned factor, by power distribution network distribution circuit fault location system, can realize power distribution network distribution circuit remote fault diagnosis and location, judge fault section rapidly, save servicing time, the safe and stable operation of distribution network is played effective function.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system architecture diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the system architecture diagram of embodiments of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the main wiring diagram of embodiments of the invention;
Fig. 4 is a localization of fault process flow diagram of the present invention.
In the accompanying drawing 1: A
1~A
m-measurement and communication unit, C-PC machine and GSM terminal;
In the accompanying drawing 2: A
1~A
8-measurement and communication unit, B-Handheld GPS position finder, C-PC machine and GSM terminal, power supply, 4-signal acquisition module, the central processing unit of 5-Handheld GPS position finder, 6-memory module, 7-GPS module, 8-man-machine interface, the power supply of 9-Handheld GPS position finder, 10-serial ports composition, 11-GSM terminal, the 12-PC machine of the central processing unit of 1-measurement and communication unit, 2-GSM module, 3-measurement and communication unit.
In the accompanying drawing 3: be depicted as 8 station power distribution transformers, the distribution network of 10 branch roads.Each is installed one and measures and communication unit.Distribution transforming numbering, branch road number are named according to the power flow direction.T1~T8 is a substation transformer among the figure.
Embodiment
The embodiment of an indefiniteness that provides below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated.
Referring to Fig. 1: the power distribution network distribution circuit fault location system among the figure comprises to be measured and communication unit A and PC and GSM terminal C, can also comprise a Handheld GPS position finder B, wherein:
1, measurement and communication unit are made up of power supply 3, the signal acquisition module 4 of central processing unit 1, gsm module 2, measurement and the communication unit of measurement and communication unit, its annexation is: the output terminal of signal acquisition module links to each other with the A/D end of the central processing unit of measurement and communication unit, gsm module links to each other with the serial ports of the central processing unit of measurement and communication unit, and the power supply of measurement and communication unit links to each other with the power end of the central processing unit of measurement and communication unit, gsm module, signal acquisition module;
2, Handheld GPS position finder is made up of the power supply 9 and the serial ports 10 of the central processing unit 5 of Handheld GPS position finder, memory module 6, GPS module 7, man-machine interface 8, Handheld GPS position finder, its annexation is: memory module, GPS module, man-machine interface and serial ports are connected with the I/O mouth of the central processing unit of Handheld GPS position finder, and the Handheld GPS position finder power supply is connected with the power end of all modules;
3, PC and GSM terminal are made up of GSM11 terminal and PC 12, and the input end of GSM terminating circuit is connected with the serial ports of PC;
4, the input end of three signal acquisition module of each measurement and communication unit is connected to the pair end of tested substation transformer three-phase; The geography information of gathering each tested substation transformer by Handheld GPS position finder B, and information passed to PC by serial ports; Transmit information by the mode of wireless telecommunications between the gsm module of each measurement and communication unit and PC and the GSM terminal GSM module.
In the present embodiment, the signal acquisition module 4 in described measurement and the communication unit is made of three voltage sensor 41a, 41b, 41c and their low-pass filter 42.Described voltage sensor and low-pass filter thereof are the commercially available prod.In this measurement and communication unit, described power supply 3 is made up of Switching Power Supply 31, lithium battery 32, charging control circuit 33, DC voltage voltage up converting circuit 34; Charging control circuit 33 is by Switching Power Supply 31 and the pair end that is connected on the substation transformer transformer, and output terminal serial connection lithium battery 32 backs of charging control circuit 33 are connected with DC voltage voltage up converting circuit 34.Described power supply 3 is known circuits by Switching Power Supply 31, lithium battery 32, charging control circuit 33, DC voltage voltage up converting circuit 34.
Above-mentioned Handheld GPS position finder is the commercially available prod, and its instrument structural drawing adopts the GPS module LEA-4H of UBLOX company as shown in Figure 2, and this module can reach 0.2 second precision.During use, at the other orientator that starts of substation transformer, the input transformer numbering is gathered geography information and storage then.Send the data to PC by serial ports after having gathered the geography information of all substation transformers.
Described measurement and communication unit structured flowchart are as shown in Figure 2, be installed in the pair end of each station power distribution transformer, as the T1~T8 among Fig. 2, signal acquisition module is gathered the three-phase voltage value of the secondary end of transformer, what adopt is the voltage transformer (VT) of 0.5 grade of precision, will give the GSM terminal if find by the gsm module send state information when this transformer one phase or ployphase voltages are below or above the assigned voltage value.In addition, when PC will be inquired about transformer state, send short message enquiry, measurement and communication unit are also given the GSM terminal with send state information.
Described PC and GSM terminal structure block diagram are as shown in Figure 2.Be installed in Surveillance center,, comprise the judgement of fault and the related software of determining in the PC except PC and GSM terminal.Fault verification of the present invention and the method determined based on algorithm:
For a distribution, list branch road-node incidence matrix A according to the power flow direction by m node, a n branch road
M * n, A
M * nIn each element a
IjBe defined as follows: when the power that flows into node i passes through branch road j, then a
Ij=1, when, the power that flows into node i and branch road j relatedly not a
Ij=0.Observe Fig. 2, know that 1. the trend that flows to all transformers all pass through branch road, promptly branch road 1. be distribution foremost, can obtain incidence matrix A
8 * 10As follows:
Can form the distribution voltage status matrix S of every phase by the substation transformer three-phase voltage state that is installed in the report of measurement on every station power distribution transformer and communication unit
M * 1, be divided into Sa
M * 1, Sb
M * 1, Sc
M * 1, be example mutually only here with A, definition sa
I1For working as i station power distribution transformer A phase voltage just often, sa
I1=1; Otherwise, sa when i station power distribution transformer A phase voltage is 0
I1=0.The gained matrix is as follows:
Sa=[1?1?1?1?1?1?1?1]
T
When faults such as circuit broken string took place, measurement on the substation transformer that has influence on and communication unit transmit status note were according to incidence matrix A
M * nWith state matrix S
M * 1, form localization of fault matrix P
M * nGet state matrix S
M * 1In be the capable subscript of 0 element, and that row element of the order incidence matrix A corresponding with it all is 0, promptly gets localization of fault matrix P
M * nProcess flow diagram is seen accompanying drawing 4.The criterion of localization of fault:
1, P=A promptly is not 0 row entirely among the P
Illustrating does not have alarming short message to send to Control Room, and every branch road is working properly;
2, having and have only row among the matrix P is 0 entirely
Because power flow direction is continuous, and the node branch number is to terminal, so may be p only in this case by first section among the distribution figure
Ij=0 (i=1,2..., m), i.e. distribution tail end line j broken string;
3, having more than row among the matrix P is 0 entirely
This situation explanation distribution middle branch is stolen to cause that a plurality of nodes break down, and is the numbering of trouble-shooting branch road, the row subscript of more complete 0 row, and the minimum row subscript of its value is the fault branch numbering.
3 embodiment that provide are described further the fault verification provided by the invention and the method for determining in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.In the accompanying drawing 3: be depicted as 8 station power distribution transformers, the distribution network of 10 branch roads.Each is installed one and measures and communication unit.Distribution transforming numbering, branch road number are named according to the power flow direction.T1~T8 is a substation transformer.
The fault verification of present embodiment and definite course of work
1, branch trouble is judged
Assumed fault makes branch road 4. break at the F1 place, at this moment transformer T
3~T
6Last voltage is zero, and it is as follows that the warning message of beaming back according to sense terminals can get ffault matrix S:
Sa=[1?1?0?0?0?0?1?1]
T
It is as follows to obtain localization of fault matrix P by matrix A and S:
It is 0 entirely that the 4th row to the 8th column element is arranged among the matrix P, at first can judge branch road 4. to branch road 8. line voltage distribution all be zero, secondly 4. row subscript minimum is, can judge branch road and 4. break down, branch road 5. to branch road 8. be subjected to branch road 4. fault effects voltage be zero.
1, end fault is judged
Assumed fault F2 makes branch road 6. break, transformer T
4Last voltage is zero, and the warning message of beaming back according to sense terminals can get ffault matrix:
Sa=[1?1?1?0?1?1?1?1]
T
It is as follows to obtain localization of fault matrix P by matrix A and S:
Having and have only a column element among the matrix P is 0 entirely, can judge branch road and 6. break down.