CN101280205A

CN101280205A - Recovery processing and comprehensive utilization process for oily sediment

Info

Publication number: CN101280205A
Application number: CNA2008100142740A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 盖学会
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Gai Xuehui
Priority date: 2008-02-22
Filing date: 2008-02-22
Publication date: 2008-10-08
Anticipated expiration: 2028-02-22
Also published as: CN101280205B

Abstract

The invention discloses a recovery disposal and comprehensive utilization process of the oil-containing sediment and the acid sludge generated during the mining and machining process of the crude oil; the technical proposal includes that the recovered oil-containing and the recovered acid sludge are added to the reaction kettle according to the weight ratio of 10: 0.8-3; the thermal-conducting medium is used to heat the reaction kettle with the temperature ranging from 35-85 DEG C; a vacuum pump is used to process condensation and adsorption towards the waste gas generated during the reaction process; and the waste gas is reacted with lye with the concentration of 25-35 in a sulfur isolation agent mixing trough through measurement; an oil pump is used to pump the separated oil matter in the reaction kettle to an acidic oil storage tank; the waste residue generated in the reaction kettle is discharged from the lower part of the reaction kettle to a calcium oxide residue transformation pool. Compared with the prior art, the recovery disposal and comprehensive utilization process has the advantages of proficient technique, simple process, convenient operation and being applicable to the industrial application; the direct recovery rate of the oil product reaches more than 80%; the comprehensive utilization rate of the waste material is high; the residue can be made into coal balls; the waste gas can produce sulfur isolation agent; the secondary pollution is avoided basically; the oil-burning boil can use the recovered crude oil directly so that the energy is saved and the consumption is reduced.

Description

Oily sediment recycling and comprehensive utilization process

Technical field

The present invention relates to the oily sediment and the acid sludge recovery and utilization technology field that are produced in the Oil extraction and the course of processing, specifically is a kind of oily sediment recycling and comprehensive utilization process.

Background technology

Produce a large amount of ground crude oils in the Oil extraction process, silt is stronger to the adsorptive power of crude oil, and the high oil of stickiness is with after silt combines, and avidity to each other is stronger, contain polymkeric substance, water, mineral oil and various solid waste in the greasy filth, cause the waste of environment and resource.Also can produce a large amount of acid sludges in the crude production process, this class material has big, the with serious pollution problem of recovery difficult equally.Recycling at oily sediment (oil sediment) has produced a lot of technical measures for this reason.At present technology is more advanced and relative sophisticated as (1) biological treatment, with oily sludge with have a liking for oily bacterial classification and mix, growth, breeding and endogenous respiration by bacterium make the former wet goods pollutent that remains in the silt progressively oxidation generate carbonic acid gas, water, ammonia and phosphate radical etc., reach the pollution of eliminating crude oil with this, shortcoming be winter weak effect, floor space is big, incubation time is long, envrionment temperature and humidity requirement height.(2) organic solvent extractionprocess mainly comprises: use kerosene purification greasy filth and reclaim crude oil; Adopt solvent to separate greasy filth with low-frequency sound wave; Powder extraction and one-level heat are washed; Supercritical fluid extractions etc., shortcoming are the costing an arm and a leg of extraction agent, processing cost height.(3) aqueous solution facture comprises: adopt the 70-90 ℃ of separation of aqueous solution heating that contains alum, salt; The suspension that adopts greasy filth, water and reagent to constitute adds reactor isolating method at intermittence etc., and the shortcoming of these class methods is to need the waste great amount of water resources, and is easy to generate secondary pollution.(4) burning method carries out the oxidizing fire reaction with certain air and oily sludge at incinerator, and shortcoming is that burning process produces secondary pollution, and the waste resource.(5) thermal decomposition method comprises high temperature pyrolysis and low temperature pyrogenation, and high temperature pyrolysis is that greasy filth is heated to 800-1000 ℃ of method that obtains high-temperature gas under the situation of anaerobic or few oxygen; Low temperature pyrogenation makes greasy filth be converted into oil, water, noncondensable gas and charcoal material by catalyst action in 500 ℃ of destructive distillation and pyrolysis, or the like, the shortcoming of these class methods makes reaction conditions higher, the operation more complicated, and technology is also perfect not to the utmost.(6) solidification method is to utilize the method greasy filth of physics or chemistry to fix or be included in the inert solid matrix, and greasy filth is through the initial gross separation post curing treatment, and the perviousness and the solubility rate of its objectionable constituent reduce greatly, and shortcoming is that processing cost is higher.(6) landfill is a kind of traditional method, and its shortcoming is that the mechanical property to dehydration greasy filth requires height, big area addressing and transportation and possibility polluted underground water resource in the landfill process.(7) the profile control processing is to utilize greasy filth configuration emulsified suspension amendment, is applied to the water injection well in oil fields profile control, poly-connection, shutoff pervious course band, increased injection water seepage resistance, improve to inject ripples and volume, and in not polluting, low permeability layer, shortcoming is that to use channel limited.(8) comprehensive utilization is greasy filth to be mixed with cement material wear into powder and change rotary kiln over to and produce cement clinker, makes material of construction (brickmaking) then, at the bottom of shortcoming is utilization ratio, and pollution is arranged in the combustion processes.

Method in sum, mainly treatment technology and the method round greasy filth respectively has superiority and defective, and relevant technology report is also seldom arranged for the recycling of same waste acid sludge, how to fully utilize this two classes waste pollutant technology emphasis to be solved by this invention just problem.

Summary of the invention

Purpose of the present invention makes full use of the characteristic of greasy filth and acid sludge two class waste pollutants, aims to provide that a kind of technology is simple, easy to operate, the recycling of the oily sediment of the high and low disposal of pollutants of recovery utilization rate and comprehensive utilization process.

The present invention realizes by following proposal: in reactor by 10: the part by weight of 0.8-3 adds the oily sediment and the restored acid slag of recovery respectively, utilizes heat-conducting medium that reactor is heated 35-85 ℃; After utilizing vacuum pump that the waste gas that produces in the reaction process is passed through condensation, absorption, the alkali lye with concentration 25-35 is reacting every sulphur agent tempering tank by metering again; Utilize oil pump that isolating oil in the reactor is pumped into acidifying oil hold-up vessel; The waste residue that reactor produces is discharged from the reactor bottom and is entered calcium oxide converted residue pond.Described acid sludge is acidified reacted waste oil residue, and described heating medium is a thermal oil, and described alkali lye is sodium hydroxide, and described calcium oxide converted residue is added with albarium in the pond.The waste residue that enters behind the calcium oxide converted residue pond becomes coal briquette with the coal mixing manufacture.

The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage: (1) technology maturation, technology are simple, easy to operate, are fit to industrial applications; (2) oil product direct recovery rate height reaches more than 80%; (3) waste ' s reclamation rate height, body refuse can be made coal briquette, discarded can production every the sulphur agent, and by product is many; (4) basically eliminate secondary pollution helps environment protection; (5) boiler can adopt oil-firing boiler directly to use the crude oil of recovery, saves energy and reduce the cost.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing is the process structure schema of an embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1 is an example with high oily sediment: the sample monitoring value of high oily sediment is moisture 14%, oleaginousness 42.6%, silt 43.4%, 5 tons of consumptions, 1.2 tons of the acid sludges of discharging behind the refinery cleaning oil tank.With reference to accompanying drawing, above-mentioned two kinds of waste materials are divided in four reactors, the point combusting boiler is opened hot recycle pump, make heating medium (thermal oil) along pipeline 3 reacting by heating stills, the temperature that keeps reactor is about 65 ℃, interior greasy filth and acid sludge generation physics and the chemical reaction of reactor this moment makes oil, water, silt obtain separating.In initial reaction stage, utilize vacuum pump from the reactor top with the waste gas (main component is a sulphur hydrogen class gas) that produces through piping 2 extract out enter condensation of waste water and gas jar and charcoal absorption after, the sodium hydroxide (concentration 30%) of process flow calorimeter metering back and alkali jar produces every the sulphur agent every sulphur agent tempering tank hybrid reaction again.The isolating oil in reactor top enters acidifying oil hold-up vessel through pipeline 4 and oil well pump.The silt of reactor bottom is discharged at the bottom of still, enters calcium oxide converted residue pond by pipeline 1, adds unslaked lime in the calcium oxide residue pool, and silt and the coal with calcification is mixed and made into coal briquette again.The waste water at reactor middle part directly enters in the waste water and gas jar, after adsorbing as the lysate recycle of waste gas.

Embodiment 2 with in low oily sediment be example: the sample monitoring value of high oily sediment is moisture 16%, oleaginousness 28.6%, silt 55.4%, 5 tons of consumptions, 0.6 ton of the acid sludge of discharging behind the refinery cleaning oil tank.With reference to accompanying drawing, above-mentioned two kinds of waste materials are divided in four reactors, the point combusting boiler is opened hot recycle pump, make heating medium (thermal oil) along pipeline 3 reacting by heating stills, the temperature that keeps reactor is about 45 ℃, interior greasy filth and acid sludge generation physics and the chemical reaction of reactor this moment makes oil, water, silt obtain separating.In initial reaction stage, utilize vacuum pump from the reactor top with the waste gas (main component is a hydrocarbon gas) that produces through piping 2 extract out enter condensation of waste water and gas jar and charcoal absorption after, the sodium hydroxide (concentration 30%) of process flow calorimeter metering back and alkali jar produces every the sulphur agent every sulphur agent tempering tank hybrid reaction again.The isolating oil in reactor top enters acidifying oil hold-up vessel through pipeline 4 and oil well pump.The silt of reactor bottom is discharged at the bottom of still, enters calcium oxide converted residue pond by pipeline 1, adds unslaked lime in the calcium oxide residue pool, and the silt with calcification uses as roadbed material again.The waste water at reactor middle part directly enters in the waste water and gas jar, after adsorbing as the lysate recycle of waste gas.

Claims

1, oily sediment recycling and comprehensive utilization process is characterized in that: in reactor by 10: the part by weight of 0.8-3 adds the oily sediment and the restored acid slag of recovery respectively, utilizes heat-conducting medium that reactor is heated 35-85 ℃; After utilizing vacuum pump that the waste gas that produces in the reaction process is passed through condensation, absorption, the alkali lye with concentration 25-35% is reacting every sulphur agent tempering tank by metering again; Utilize oil pump that isolating acidifying oil pump in the reactor is gone into acidifying oil hold-up vessel; The waste residue that reactor produces is discharged from the reactor bottom and is entered calcium oxide converted residue pond.

2, oily sediment recycling according to claim 1 and comprehensive utilization process, it is characterized in that: described acid sludge is acidified reacted waste oil residue, described heating medium is a thermal oil, described alkali lye is sodium hydroxide, and described calcium oxide converted residue is added with albarium in the pond.

3, oily sediment according to claim 1 and 2 recycling and comprehensive utilization process is characterized in that: the waste residue that enters behind the calcium oxide converted residue pond becomes coal briquette with the coal mixing manufacture.