CN1012729B - 含砷工业废水的净化方法 - Google Patents

含砷工业废水的净化方法

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Publication number
CN1012729B
CN1012729B CN 85102296 CN85102296A CN1012729B CN 1012729 B CN1012729 B CN 1012729B CN 85102296 CN85102296 CN 85102296 CN 85102296 A CN85102296 A CN 85102296A CN 1012729 B CN1012729 B CN 1012729B
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arsenic
waste water
paper pulp
purification
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CN 85102296
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CN85102296A (zh
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汪炳武
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Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry of CAS
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Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry of CAS
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Priority to CN 85102296 priority Critical patent/CN1012729B/zh
Publication of CN85102296A publication Critical patent/CN85102296A/zh
Publication of CN1012729B publication Critical patent/CN1012729B/zh
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Abstract

一种简便有效的净化含砷工业废水的方法,是在含砷废水中先测定废水中砷的含量,然后按铁砷的比控制铁盐的加入量,其特征在于按照铁砷比为10∶1到60∶1条件加入铁盐,搅拌均匀,以氨水将溶液pH值调至8.0-9.0,按0.5克干纸浆/升废水加入纸浆,搅拌均匀,静止、过滤,得到净化废水,由于铁盐是根据砷量计算加入的,避免过量铁盐给以后搅拌带来困难,同时纸浆的加入可减少氢氧化铁自身的凝聚,有利于对砷的吸附,对氢氧化铁的过滤也产生有利的影响。

Description

本发明属含砷工业废水的化学分离和净化。
含砷工业废水的净化,国内外已做了不少工作。铁氧体法(“环境污染与防治”,1,15(1983))和铁粉法(“水道技术,3,28(1977))均有较好的除砷效果。美国专利〔4,201,667(1980)和苏联专利〔38969(1977)〕中,也看到有含砷废水的净化方法。苏联专利与本发明在原理上比较接近。该专利是用制备重铬酸盐所产生的废料(含铬0.5-5%及铁等氢氧化物),将低价砷氧化到高价再被氢氧化铁共沉淀。为了最终除去砷,还需于第一次处理后的滤液中,加入铁盐和石灰乳再进行一次沉淀。
本发明的目的,是要在含砷废水的处理方面,提出一个操作简便设备费用低和适用性较广的净化方法。
本发明的内容:
先对待处理的工业含砷废水进行分析,测出其中砷的含量,再按表1所给数据及除砷的最终要求,并根据含砷废水的总量,按一定铁砷比加入计算量的铁盐。将铁盐与水中砷充分混合后,再用氨水调至微碱性,使刚产生的氢氧化铁都立即与周围的砷化合物进行物理化学作用,最后将砷吸附于沉淀中,加入纸浆既有利于保持氢氧化铁的活性表面,又可使沉淀的滤过性得到改善。(表1见文后)
本发明实施例:
取1升含砷废水,先测出其中砷的含量(例如为50ppmAs),再按铁砷比为30∶1,加入相当于1.5克Fe的三氯化铁或硫酸酸高铁的溶液,搅拌5分钟。以1∶4氨水将溶液调至pH8-9,再加入相当于0.5克干纸浆的经水浸泡的湿纸浆。继续搅拌10分钟,静置10分钟,过滤。此时约96%以上的砷已转移到沉淀中。对含砷较低的工业废水,为了提高除砷效果,可适当增大铁砷比和延长沉淀后的搅拌时间。
本发明与现有含砷废水的净化方法相比较,具有以下优点:
1.不增加处理后水的硬度,而美国专利和苏联专利的方法将明显增加处理后水中钙及其他重金属的含量。
2.处理时间较短,苏联专利需经过两次或多次沉淀和过滤才能将水中砷降至所需浓度范围,我们的方法仅需一次处理。
3.所得沉淀的滤过性较好,采用氢氧化铁除砷时,所得胶体沉淀一般都较难过滤。我们加入纸浆后,使沉淀滤过性得到改善。
为了更好地实现本发明,可参照表2所给条件进行操作,一般均可得到良好的结果。
表1    铁砷比对除砷效果影响
水中砷 铁 砷 比
的含量    10∶1    15∶1    30∶1
ppm    净化后砷    净化率    净化后砷    净化率    净化后砷    净化率
含量ppm    %    含量ppm    %    含量ppm    %
100    0.67    99.3    0.27    99.7    0.090    99.9
20.0    0.62    96.9    0.26    98.7    0.086    99.6
5.0    0.47    90.6    0.11    97.8    0.085    98.3
1.0    0.076    92.4    0.054    94.6    0.040    96.0
表2    操作条件选择
主要条件    废水中砷的含量
0.5-10ppm    As    10-100ppm    As
pH值    8.0-9.0    8.0-9.0
沉淀前    10    5
搅拌时间(分)
沉淀后    15    10
铁砷比    30∶1-60∶1    20∶1-30∶1
纸浆(千)克 20 20
*按40升水计算

Claims (1)

1、一种含砷工业废水的净化方法是先测定废水中砷的含量,然后按铁砷比控制铁盐的加入量,其特征在于按照铁砷比为10∶1到60∶1条件加入铁盐,搅拌均匀,用氨水将溶液的pH值调到8.0-9.0,按0.5克干纸浆/升废水加入纸浆,搅拌均匀,静置,过滤,弃去沉淀,得到净化废水。
CN 85102296 1985-04-01 1985-04-01 含砷工业废水的净化方法 Expired CN1012729B (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

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CN 85102296 CN1012729B (zh) 1985-04-01 1985-04-01 含砷工业废水的净化方法

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 85102296 CN1012729B (zh) 1985-04-01 1985-04-01 含砷工业废水的净化方法

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CN85102296A CN85102296A (zh) 1986-09-17
CN1012729B true CN1012729B (zh) 1991-06-05

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Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100469077B1 (ko) * 2003-09-16 2005-02-02 에이치투오 테크놀로지스 엘엘씨 철 또는 알루미늄 결합 리그노셀룰로즈 미디아 제조방법
CN101486506B (zh) * 2008-01-18 2011-04-06 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 一种饮用水除砷装置
JP2011230060A (ja) * 2010-04-28 2011-11-17 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 廃水処理方法
CN102351294B (zh) * 2011-07-14 2014-01-08 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 一种处理废水中砷的方法

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