CN101272089A - Electric voltage peak absorption circuit of DC converter power switch pipe - Google Patents
Electric voltage peak absorption circuit of DC converter power switch pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN101272089A CN101272089A CNA200810060675XA CN200810060675A CN101272089A CN 101272089 A CN101272089 A CN 101272089A CN A200810060675X A CNA200810060675X A CN A200810060675XA CN 200810060675 A CN200810060675 A CN 200810060675A CN 101272089 A CN101272089 A CN 101272089A
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Abstract
An absorption circuit for a voltage spike of a switching tube of a DC converter power includes: a transformer T1, a first commuting power tube Q1, a second commuting power tube Q2, a first clamp diode Ds1, a first clamp diode Ds2, an absorption capacitance Cs, an absorption switching tube Qs, a current reverse irrigation preventing diode Df, a fly-wheel diode D, a filter inductance L, a drive resistance R and a protection diode Dp. The invention is mainly characterized in that the absorption switching tube Qs is driven by a bridge arm square wave through driving the drive resistance R; the output of the absorption circuit is connected with the output of a power. The invention can effectively absorb the voltage spike of the power switching tube, reduce the voltage stress, improve the efficiency of the converter, and has characteristics of comparatively simple structure and reliable performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Switching Power Supply, specifically, be meant a kind of circuit that switching mode DC converter power switch tube voltage spike is carried out absorbing clamp.
Background technology
Power switch pipe is usually operated at the hard switching state in the switching mode DC converter, and there is parasitic oscillation in former limit, the secondary of transformer during the change of current, and power switch pipe is bearing higher peak voltage usually.
Fig. 1 is that secondary is the DC converter schematic diagram of full-wave rectification.Rectified power pipe Q1, Q2 in the transformer full-wave rectification loop are in the afterflow between the off period simultaneously of former limit switching tube.During afterflow, the electric current sum that Q1, Q2 flow through equals to flow through the electric current of outputting inductance Lo.When the former limit of transformer T reappeared reverse energization, rectified power pipe Q1 or Q2 two ends had very big peak voltage, as shown in Figure 2.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of classical inverse excitation circuit.Usually when former limit master power switch pipe Q3 turn-offs, can produce very high peak voltage at the Q3 two ends, as shown in Figure 4.When Q3 opened, secondary rectified power pipe Q4 can produce very high peak voltage, as shown in Figure 5.
The peak voltage at above-mentioned power tube two ends can bring many adverse effects to DC converter usually, as has improved the extra voltage stress grade of power tube, reduces the converter overall efficiency, and electromagnetic interference is serious etc.
Usually take to absorb circuit on the engineering and suppress spike, conventional method has RC to absorb circuit, RCD absorbs circuit etc.Absorbing circuit with RCD is example, as shown in Figure 6, increases RCD at the two ends of circuit secondary rectified power pipe shown in Figure 2 and absorbs circuit.Peak voltage is clamped on by clamping diode Ds1, Ds2 and absorbs capacitor C s terminal voltage VCs.Because it is relatively large to absorb capacitor C s, VCs is relatively stable, and Rs is in parallel with Cs, and Cs is played discharge process, adjusts Rs to desired value, just can keep rational VCs value, thereby suppresses the maximum amplitude of peak voltage.Obviously, RCD absorbs and diminishes fully, and transformer leakage inductance is big more, and the reverse recovery characteristic of Q2, Q3 is poor more, keeps certain VCs and just requires Rs more little.After Rs determined, its loss was: VCs
2/ Rs, this loss is restricting the raising of converter overall efficiency in quite big degree.
Summary of the invention
What the present invention will solve is the problems referred to above that prior art exists, be intended to propose a kind of new absorption circuit, it with above-mentioned employing RCD absorb circuit institute fully the energy of loss transfer to output or input, can effectively reduce the due to voltage spikes of power switch pipe, thus the efficient of raising converter.
For this reason, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of electric voltage peak absorption circuit of DC converter power switch pipe, described converter comprises main transformer, one or more power switch pipes, described absorption circuit comprises and the corresponding one or more clamping diodes of described power switch pipe, one absorbs electric capacity, one absorbs switching tube, the anti-diode of irritating of anti-electric current, a fly-wheel diode, a filter inductance and a driving resistor, the anode that it is characterized in that described clamping diode is connected with the leakage level of power switch pipe respectively, negative electrode is connected with the collector electrode that absorbs switching tube with an end of clamping capacitance, the emitter and the anti-anode of irritating diode of anti-electric current that absorb switching tube link, the anti-negative electrode of irritating diode of anti-electric current links to each other with the negative electrode of fly-wheel diode and an end of filter inductance, the other end of filter inductance is connected with the converter output plus terminal, absorb the other end of electric capacity, the anode of fly-wheel diode is connected to output ground, and the base stage that absorbs switching tube is connected and is connected to above-mentioned arbitrary drain electrode for the treatment of the power switch pipe of absorbing clamp after the driving resistor.
According to the present invention, between base stage that absorbs switching tube and emitter, also be provided with a protection diode, the negative electrode of described protection diode is received the base stage that absorbs switching tube, and anode is received the emitter that absorbs switching tube.
The present invention is also with by the following technical solutions: a kind of electric voltage peak absorption circuit of DC converter power switch pipe, described converter comprises main transformer, one or more power switch pipes, described absorption circuit comprises and the corresponding one or more clamping diodes of described power switch pipe, one absorbs electric capacity, a metal-oxide-semiconductor, a fly-wheel diode, a filter inductance) and a driving resistor, the anode that it is characterized in that described clamping diode is connected with the leakage level of power switch pipe respectively, negative electrode is connected with an end of clamping capacitance and the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor, the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor links to each other with an end of the negative electrode of fly-wheel diode and filter inductance, the other end of filter inductance is connected with the converter output plus terminal, absorb the other end of electric capacity, the anode of fly-wheel diode is connected to output ground, and the gate pole of metal-oxide-semiconductor is connected and is connected to above-mentioned arbitrary drain electrode for the treatment of the power switch pipe of absorbing clamp after the driving resistor.
According to the present invention; between the gate pole of metal-oxide-semiconductor and source electrode, also be provided with a protective circuit of forming by protective resistance, voltage-stabiliser tube and protection diode; the negative electrode of described protective resistance and voltage-stabiliser tube is connected to the gate pole of metal-oxide-semiconductor; the anode of voltage-stabiliser tube (Zp) is connected to the anode of protection diode, and the negative electrode of protection diode links to each other with the other end of protective resistance and the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor.
The present invention can absorb the transfer of energy to secondary output or former limit input by the adjustment of filter inductance L sensibility reciprocal is controlled effectively, will be described in detail in concrete enforcement.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an all-wave synchronous rectification schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the peak voltage schematic diagram that all-wave synchronous rectification power tube bears.
Fig. 3 is the circuit of reversed excitation schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the peak voltage schematic diagram that the former limit of circuit of reversed excitation master power switch pipe bears.
The peak voltage schematic diagram that Fig. 5 bears for circuit of reversed excitation secondary rectified power pipe
Fig. 6 is that full-wave rectifying circuit RCD absorbs circuit theory diagrams
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that the present invention uses at full-wave bridge rectifier circuit.
Fig. 8 is the working timing figure that the present invention uses at full-wave bridge rectifier circuit.
Fig. 9 is that the present invention adopts power MOS pipe to make to absorb the schematic diagram that switching tube Qs uses in full-wave bridge rectifier circuit.
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram that the present invention uses on the former limit of circuit of reversed excitation.
Figure 11 is the working timing figure that the present invention uses on the former limit of circuit of reversed excitation
Figure 12 is that the present invention adopts power MOS pipe to make to absorb the schematic diagram that switching tube Qs uses on the former limit of circuit of reversed excitation.
Figure 13 is the schematic diagram that the present invention uses at the circuit of reversed excitation secondary.
Figure 14 is the working timing figure that the present invention uses on the secondary former limit of circuit of reversed excitation.
Figure 15 is that the present invention adopts power MOS pipe to make to absorb the schematic diagram that switching tube Qs uses at the circuit of reversed excitation secondary.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that the present invention uses at full-wave bridge rectifier circuit.Because the absorption circuit of present embodiment is used for the power switch pipe of converter secondary, thereby power switch pipe is the rectified power pipe.Described converter comprises main transformer T1; the first rectified power pipe Q1 and the second rectified power pipe Q2; described absorption circuit comprises and the corresponding first clamping diode Ds1 of described rectified power pipe; the second clamping diode Ds2; one absorbs capacitor C s; one absorbs switching tube Qs; a protection diode Dp; the anti-diode Df that irritates of anti-electric current; a sustained diode; a filter inductance L and a driving resistor R; described clamping diode Ds1; the anode of Ds2 respectively with rectified power pipe Q1; the leakage level of Q2 is connected; negative electrode is connected with the collector electrode that absorbs switching tube Qs with an end that absorbs capacitor C s; the emitter that absorbs switching tube Qs links with anode and the anti-anode of irritating diode Df of anti-electric current of protecting diode Dp; the anti-negative electrode of irritating diode Df of anti-electric current links to each other with the negative electrode of sustained diode and the end of filter inductance L; the other end of filter inductance L is connected with the converter output plus terminal; absorb the other end of capacitor C s; the anode of sustained diode is connected to output ground; the base stage that absorbs switching tube Qs links to each other with the negative electrode of protection diode Dp and the end of driving resistor R, and the other end of driving resistor R links to each other with the drain electrode of the first rectified power pipe Q1.
The peak voltage of being discussed in technical background is clamped on by clamping diode Ds1, Ds2 and absorbs capacitor C s terminal voltage VCs, and it is relatively large to absorb capacitor C s, and VCs is relatively stable.
Fig. 8 is the working timing figure of circuit shown in Figure 7.
When steady operation, outputting inductance Lo both end voltage weber balance obtains following formula:
Vin/n*2D＝Vout*(1-2D) (1)
In the following formula, Vin is the input voltage of converter, and D is the work duty ratio of converter, and n is the former secondary turn ratio of transformer, and Vout is the output voltage of converter.
Output rectified power pipe Q1, Q2 both end voltage Vds is that duty ratio is D in theory, amplitude is the square wave of VdsQ1=VdsQ2=2*Vin/n.During the change of current, the peak voltage that parasitic oscillation produces is clamped on by clamping diode Ds1, Ds2 and absorbs capacitor C s terminal voltage VCs.VCs is slightly larger than 2*Vin/n.What Q1 was taken from the driving that absorbs switching tube Qs is absorbed clamp end brachium pontis, ignores the voltage on driving resistor R and the filter inductance L.The steady operation principle is as follows:
(1) 0 to D*Ts, rectified power pipe Q1 turn-offs, and the voltage of VdsQ1 is 2*Vin/n, drives absorbed power pipe Qs by R, and absorbed power pipe Qs conducting absorbs capacitor C s energy and charges to outputting inductance L by Qs, and filter inductance L energy storage increases, and inductive current increases:
(2) D*Ts is to Ts, rectified power pipe Q1 conducting, and absorbed power pipe Qs turn-offs, and the voltage of VdsQ1 is 0, and absorbed power pipe Qs turn-offs, and filter inductance L electric current is by the sustained diode afterflow, and energy is transferred to output, and energy storage reduces, and inductive current reduces:
In two formulas in top: Ll is the inductance value of filter inductance, Δ ILl is the current change quantity of filter inductance, VbeQs is for absorbing switching tube Qs base stage to the emitter saturation voltage drop, VDf is the anti-anti-diode Df forward voltage drop of irritating of electric current, VD is a sustained diode afterflow forward voltage drop, and Vout is the output voltage of converter.D*Ts is a Qs ON time in the switch periods, and Doff*Ts is that Qs turn-offs, and sustained diode time of afterflow, Ts are a switch periods.
By (2), (3) formula, ignore VbeQs, VDp, VD, in conjunction with (1) formula, we can obtain Doff=1-Don.Consider the pressure drop of VbeQs, VDf, VD, can obtain Doff＜1-D, the circuit working that can be absorbed is at filter inductance L discontinuous current state, near critical continuous.Can adjust the energy that is fed to output end vo ut on the absorption capacitor C s so adjust filter inductance L sensibility reciprocal, adjust absorption capacitor C s voltage VCs, thus the peak voltage of absorbing clamp synchronous rectifier.
Fig. 9 is that the present invention adopts power MOS pipe to make to absorb the schematic diagram that switching tube Qs uses in full-wave bridge rectifier circuit.At the power MOS pipe characteristic, in parallel the resistance R p that shields, voltage-stabiliser tube Zp, diode Dp between its gate pole, source electrode, operation principle is identical with circuit shown in Figure 7.
Embodiment two
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram that the present invention uses on the former limit of circuit of reversed excitation.Described converter comprises transformer T1 and former limit power switch pipe Q3, and described absorption circuit comprises clamping diode Ds, absorbs capacitor C s, absorbs switching tube Qs, prevents anti-diode Df, sustained diode, filter inductance L, driving resistor R, the protection diode Dp of irritating of electric current.The clamp end brachium pontis that is absorbed of the anode of described clamping diode Ds and the former limit of circuit of reversed excitation main power tube Q3 is that the drain electrode of Q3 is connected; negative electrode is connected with an end that absorbs capacitor C s; also be connected to the collector electrode that absorbs switching tube Qs on this node; the emitter and the anti-anode of irritating diode Df of anti-electric current that absorb switching tube Qs link; the anti-negative electrode of irritating diode Df of anti-electric current links to each other with the negative electrode of sustained diode and the end of filter inductance L; the other end of filter inductance L is connected with the converter input; absorb the other end of capacitor C s; the anode of sustained diode is connected to input ground; the negative electrode of protection diode Dp; anode is received the base stage that absorbs switching tube Qs respectively; emitter, the base stage that absorbs switching tube Qs is connected to the drain electrode of Q3 by driving resistor R.
Figure 11 is the working timing figure of circuit shown in Figure 10, and it is identical with the embodiment of the invention one to absorb the circuit working principle, absorbs circuit working at filter inductance L discontinuous current state, near critical continuous.Adjust filter inductance L sensibility reciprocal and can adjust the energy that is fed to input Vin on the absorption capacitor C s, adjust absorption capacitor C s voltage VCs, thus the former limit of absorbing clamp circuit of reversed excitation main power tube Q3 drain-source voltage spike.
Figure 12 is that the present invention adopts power MOS pipe to make to absorb the schematic diagram that switching tube Qs uses on the former limit of circuit of reversed excitation.
Embodiment three
Figure 13 is the schematic diagram that the present invention uses at the circuit of reversed excitation secondary.Described absorption circuit comprises: transformer T1, secondary rectified power pipe Q4 clamping diode Ds, absorption capacitor C s, absorption switching tube Qs, anti-diode Df, sustained diode, filter inductance L, driving resistor R, the protection diode Dp of irritating of anti-electric current.The clamp end brachium pontis that is absorbed of the anode of described clamping diode Ds and circuit of reversed excitation secondary power tube rectifying tube Q5 is that the drain electrode of Q5 is connected; negative electrode is connected with an end that absorbs capacitor C s; also be connected to the collector electrode that absorbs switching tube Qs on this node; the emitter and the anti-anode of irritating diode Df of anti-electric current that absorb switching tube Qs link; the anti-negative electrode of irritating diode Df of anti-electric current links to each other with the negative electrode of sustained diode and the end of filter inductance L; the other end of filter inductance L is connected with the converter input; absorb the other end of capacitor C s; the anode of sustained diode is connected to input ground; the negative electrode of protection diode Dp; anode is received the base stage that absorbs switching tube Qs respectively; emitter, the base stage that absorbs switching tube Qs is connected to the drain electrode of Q5 by driving resistor R.
Figure 14 is the working timing figure of circuit shown in Figure 13, and it is identical with the embodiment of the invention one to absorb the circuit working principle, absorbs circuit working at filter inductance L discontinuous current state, near critical continuous.Adjust filter inductance L sensibility reciprocal and can adjust the energy that is fed to output end vo ut on the absorption capacitor C s, adjust clamping capacitance Cs voltage VCs, thus absorbing clamp circuit of reversed excitation secondary power rectification pipe Q5 drain-source voltage spike.
Figure 15 is that the present invention adopts power MOS pipe to make to absorb the schematic diagram that switching tube Qs uses at the circuit of reversed excitation secondary.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of electric voltage peak absorption circuit of DC converter power switch pipe, described converter comprises main transformer (T1), one or more power switch pipe (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4), described absorption circuit comprises and the corresponding one or more clamping diode (Ds1 of described power switch pipe, Ds2), one absorbs electric capacity (Cs), one absorbs switching tube (Qs), the anti-diode (Df) of irritating of anti-electric current, a fly-wheel diode (D), a filter inductance (L) and a driving resistor (R), it is characterized in that described clamping diode (Ds1, Ds2) anode respectively with power switch pipe (Q1, Q2) leakage level is connected, negative electrode is connected with the collector electrode that absorbs switching tube (Qs) with an end of clamping capacitance (Cs), the emitter and the anti-anode of irritating diode (Df) of anti-electric current that absorb switching tube (Qs) link, the anti-negative electrode of irritating diode (Df) of anti-electric current links to each other with the negative electrode of fly-wheel diode (D) and an end of filter inductance (L), the other end of filter inductance (L) is connected with the converter output plus terminal, absorb the other end of electric capacity (Cs), the anode of fly-wheel diode (D) is connected to output ground, and the base stage that absorbs switching tube (Qs) is connected and is connected to above-mentioned arbitrary power switch pipe (Q1 that treats absorbing clamp after the driving resistor (R), Q2, Q3, Q4) drain electrode.
2, electric voltage peak absorption circuit of DC converter power switch pipe as claimed in claim 1; it is characterized in that between base stage that absorbs switching tube (Qs) and emitter, also being provided with a protection diode (Dp); the negative electrode of described protection diode (Dp) is received the base stage that absorbs switching tube (Qs), and anode is received the emitter that absorbs switching tube (Qs).
3, a kind of electric voltage peak absorption circuit of DC converter power switch pipe, described converter comprises main transformer (T1), one or more power switch pipe (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4), described absorption circuit comprises and the corresponding one or more clamping diode (Ds1 of described power switch pipe, Ds2), one absorbs electric capacity (Cs), a metal-oxide-semiconductor (Qs), a fly-wheel diode (D), a filter inductance (L) and a driving resistor (R), it is characterized in that described clamping diode (Ds1, Ds2) anode respectively with power switch pipe (Q1, Q2) leakage level is connected, negative electrode is connected with an end of clamping capacitance (Cs) and the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor (Qs), the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor (Qs) links to each other with the negative electrode of fly-wheel diode (D) and an end of filter inductance (L), the other end of filter inductance (L) is connected with the converter output plus terminal, absorb the other end of electric capacity (Cs), the anode of fly-wheel diode (D) is connected to output ground, and the gate pole of metal-oxide-semiconductor (Qs) is connected and is connected to above-mentioned arbitrary power switch pipe (Q1 that treats absorbing clamp after the driving resistor (R), Q2, Q3, Q4) drain electrode.
4, electric voltage peak absorption circuit of DC converter power switch pipe as claimed in claim 3; it is characterized in that between the gate pole of metal-oxide-semiconductor (Qs) and source electrode, also being provided with a protective circuit of forming by protective resistance (Rp), voltage-stabiliser tube (Zp) and protection diode (Dp); the negative electrode of described protective resistance (Rp) and voltage-stabiliser tube (Zp) is connected to the gate pole of metal-oxide-semiconductor (Qs); the anode of voltage-stabiliser tube (Zp) is connected to the anode of protection diode (Dp), and the negative electrode of protection diode (Dp) links to each other with the other end of protective resistance (Rp) and the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor (Qs).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200810060675XA CN101272089B (en) | 2008-04-16 | 2008-04-16 | Electric voltage peak absorption circuit of DC converter power switch pipe |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200810060675XA CN101272089B (en) | 2008-04-16 | 2008-04-16 | Electric voltage peak absorption circuit of DC converter power switch pipe |
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| CN101272089A true CN101272089A (en) | 2008-09-24 |
| CN101272089B CN101272089B (en) | 2010-06-02 |
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| CN200810060675XA Expired - Fee Related CN101272089B (en) | 2008-04-16 | 2008-04-16 | Electric voltage peak absorption circuit of DC converter power switch pipe |
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| US6128206A (en) * | 1999-03-12 | 2000-10-03 | Ericsson, Inc. | Clamping circuit and method for synchronous rectification |
| CN1881770A (en) * | 2005-06-13 | 2006-12-20 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Full-wave rectifying circuit in switch type power supply converter |
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| CN112134453B (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2021-10-29 | 台达电子企业管理（上海）有限公司 | Start control method and system, and peak voltage detection circuit and method |
| US11804772B2 (en) | 2020-09-08 | 2023-10-31 | Delta Electronics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. | Startup control method and system, and voltage spike measurement circuit and method |
| CN113472211B (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2022-12-23 | 昂宝电子（上海）有限公司 | Flyback switching power supply and synchronous rectification controller thereof |
| CN113472211A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-10-01 | 昂宝电子（上海）有限公司 | Flyback switching power supply and synchronous rectification controller thereof |
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| CN101272089B (en) | 2010-06-02 |
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