CN101269548A - Device and method for preparing composite material with resin transfer molding technique - Google Patents
Device and method for preparing composite material with resin transfer molding technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN101269548A CN101269548A CNA2008100530411A CN200810053041A CN101269548A CN 101269548 A CN101269548 A CN 101269548A CN A2008100530411 A CNA2008100530411 A CN A2008100530411A CN 200810053041 A CN200810053041 A CN 200810053041A CN 101269548 A CN101269548 A CN 101269548A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method which prepare composite materials by a resin transfer molding process. The device is characterized in that: the device comprises a nitrogen bottle, the nitrogen bottle is connected with the fluid inlet hole of a U-shaped lower die in a pipe-connection way successively through a pressure gauge, a pressure valve, a resin tank, and a fluid-injection valve, the fluid outlet hole of the U-shaped lower die is connected with a vacuum pump in a pipe-connection way through an exhaust valve, a T-shaped upper die which matches with the U-shaped lower die is connected with the press head of a press, the fluid inlet hole is arranged at one side of the U-shaped lower die, the position of the fluid inlet hole is not higher than the lowest upper surface in the U-shape lower die in which a perform is arranged, the fluid outlet hole is arranged at the other side of the U-shaped lower die, the position of the fluid outlet hole is higher than the lowest upper surface in the U-shaped lower die in which the perform is arranged; the bottom face of the U-shaped lower die and the top face of the T-shaped upper die are respectively provided with a temperature-adjustable heater inside. The method adopts the device of the invention, and comprises the following process: (1) the dies assembly; (2) the dies combination; (3) the pipe lines connection; (4) the dies filling; (5) vacuum supply; (6) pressurization. The device can greatly reduce the porosity of the composite material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite resin forming technique, particularly a kind of resin transfer molding (RTM) process with compression function prepares the equipment and the method for composite, and international monopoly Main classification number plan is Int.Cl.B29C 70/00 (2006.01).
Background technology
Resin transfer moulding technology (RTM) is a kind of forming technique of composite, has and can locally strengthen with the composite element of this explained hereafter, and the two sides is smooth, size is accurate, and therefore characteristics such as environmental friendliness are used for Aero-Space more and more widely, communications and transportation, fields such as electrical equipment.Because traditional RTM moulding process belongs to closed moulding, therefore require resin in solidification process, not have little molecular product.This requirement has greatly limited the application of resin matrix in RTM technology of polycondensation reaction feature or type, as application in the high viscosity resin such as traditional phenolic resins, epoxy phenolics, bimaleimide resin and non-active solvents.These resins are when using traditional RTM technology, and the little molecule that solidification process is emitted can form a large amount of bubbles, can't discharge in airtight die cavity, causes forming many holes in composite product, has had a strong impact on the quality and the performance of composite.
Both at home and abroad at present when application has the resins composite of polycondensation reaction feature or type, mainly by two kinds of approach: a kind of is to make the prepreg semi-finished product earlier, and then pass through laminating technology, or autoclave process finishes the preparation of composite, and this method can not be applicable to the preform of integrally-built advanced composite material for weaving.Another kind method is to make it have addition reaction feature and lower viscosity and long working life by the modification to resin earlier, and then uses traditional RTM technology manufacturing.This method cost increases substantially, and performance of composites also can be affected.
In the scope of applicant retrieval, the transfer modling technology that following the present invention has a compression function prepares the equipment and the method for composite and does not see that bibliographical information is arranged.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem that quasi-solution of the present invention is determined is to design equipment and method that a kind of resin transfer molding (RTM) process prepares composite.This equipment and method have compression function in resin transfer molding (RTM) process, be applicable to that the resin with polycondensation reaction feature or type adopts RTM technology to prepare composite, and it is simple to have technology, and be with low cost, advantages such as good quality of product.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves described equipment and technology problem is: design the equipment that a kind of resin transfer molding (RTM) process prepares composite, it is characterized in that this equipment comprises nitrogen cylinder, nitrogen cylinder is successively through Pressure gauge, pressure valve, resin container, the liquid injection hole pipe of fluid injection valve and U-shaped bed die connects, the fluid hole of U-shaped bed die connects through find time valve and vacuum pump line, link to each other with the press pressure head with the T shape mold of U-shaped bed die coupling, described liquid injection hole is opened the side at the U-shaped bed die, the position is not higher than pack into minimum upper surface in the U-shaped bed die of composite prefabricated component, described fluid hole is opened the opposite side at the U-shaped bed die, and the position will be higher than pack into minimum upper surface in the U-shaped bed die of composite prefabricated component; But the end face of the bottom surface of described U-shaped bed die and T shape mold is the heater of interior dress temperature adjustment respectively.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves described method and technology problem is: design the method that a kind of resin transfer molding (RTM) process prepares composite, it is characterized in that this method adopts equipment of the present invention, and comprise following technology:
1. adorn mould, the composite prefabricated component is put into the good U-shaped bed die of preheating; 2. matched moulds is checked the vacuum of mould; 3. connecting line is regulated the pressure head of press, and making has the injecting glue space between die cavity and the prefabricated component, then liquid injection pipe and drain pipe is connect with the liquid injection hole and the fluid hole pipe of U-shaped bed die respectively; 4. mold filling is poured resin in the resin container into, is preheated to 30 ℃, opens nitrogen cylinder, adjusts force value, beginning injecting glue mold filling; 5. vacuumize, mold filling is closed nitrogen cylinder, fluid injection valve and the valve of finding time after finishing, and behind the gelling temp that is heated to resin, opens the valve of finding time, and starts vavuum pump, makes the vacuum of mould reach 0.1MPa, and keeps 30～50 minutes; 6. pressurization, start press then, promote the pressure head of press, open T shape mold the technology pressing plate is put on the prefabricated component, closed T shape mold, the pressure head of instruction press descends, by prefabricated component being applied the pressure of 6～35MPa with the T shape mold of pressure head attaching, keep this pressure, and unnecessary resin is got rid of from the valve of finding time, the curing system routinely that heats up is carried out; The shape and structure of described technology pressing plate is according to the design that is complementary of the shape and structure of composite prefabricated component.
Compared with prior art, equipment and method that resin transfer molding (RTM) process of the present invention prepares composite have compression function in resin transfer molding (RTM) process, adopt RTM technology during applicable to resins composite with polycondensation reaction feature or type, and it is simple to have technology, technology maturation, with low cost, characteristics such as good quality of product, experimental study shows: using the porosity in the composite test specimen that traditional phenolic resins RTM technology makes is 11.92%, and adopt the porosity in the composite test specimen that equipment of the present invention and method make only is 0.68% (referring to embodiment 1), greatly reduce the porosity in the composite product, improved the quality and the performance of product.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 prepares the structural representation of a kind of embodiment of equipment of composite for resin transfer molding (RTM) process of the present invention;
Fig. 2 prepares the simple process flow diagram of composite for resin transfer molding (RTM) process of the present invention;
Fig. 3 prepares the U-shaped bed die of a kind of embodiment of equipment of composite and the shape and structure schematic diagram of supporting with it T shape mold for resin transfer molding (RTM) process of the present invention;
Fig. 4 (a) prepares the equipment of composite and the cross-sectional picture figure of the prepared composite of a kind of comparative example of method (3 D weaving four-way phenolic composite) for conventional resins transfer modling technology;
Fig. 4 (b) prepares the cross-sectional picture figure of the equipment of composite and the composite (3 D weaving four-way phenolic composite) that a kind of embodiment of method makes for resin transfer molding (RTM) process of the present invention;
Fig. 5 (a) prepares the equipment of composite and the cross-sectional picture figure of the prepared composite of a kind of comparative example of method (3 D weaving five is to the epoxy novolac composite) for conventional resins transfer modling technology;
Fig. 5 (b) prepares the cross-sectional picture figure of the equipment of composite and the composite (3 D weaving five is to the epoxy novolac composite) that a kind of embodiment of method makes for resin transfer molding (RTM) process of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Further narrate the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing thereof.Embodiment does not limit claim of the present invention.
The resin transfer molding (RTM) process of the present invention's design prepares the equipment of composite (hereinafter to be referred as equipment, referring to Fig. 1,3), it is characterized in that this equipment comprises nitrogen cylinder 1, nitrogen cylinder 1 is successively through Pressure gauge 2, pressure valve 21, resin container 3, fluid injection valve 4 connects with liquid injection hole 53 pipes of U-shaped bed die 52, the fluid hole 54 of described U-shaped bed die 52 connects with vavuum pump 9 pipes through the valve 8 of finding time, link to each other with the pressure head 7 of press with the T shape mold 51 of U-shaped bed die coupling, described liquid injection hole 53 is opened the side at U-shaped bed die 52, the position is not higher than pack into minimum upper surface in the U-shaped bed die 52 of composite prefabricated component 6, described fluid hole 54 is opened the opposite side at U-shaped bed die 52, and the position will be higher than pack into minimum upper surface in the U-shaped bed die 52 of composite prefabricated component 6; But the end face of the bottom surface of described U-shaped bed die 52 and T shape mold 51 is the heater 55 of interior dress temperature adjustment respectively.
Traditional RTM technology is closed moulding, requires resin no little molecular product in curing reaction to emit the resin of preferably addition reaction type.But the curing reaction of most of resins is polycondensation reaction, and solidification process can be emitted little molecule, produces the bubble that can't discharge in a large number in airtight die cavity, causes forming hole in composite product, influences the quality and the performance of composite.The equipment of the present invention's design has many premium properties: for example, have good pressurization and vacuum defoamation performance, gel in the resin solidification course of reaction constantly, by regulating the height of T shape mold 51, can apply suitable pressure (described force value designs according to the fiber volume fraction in the composite prefabricated component 6) to the composite prefabricated component 6 in the die cavity easily, because compression function, help the hydrone that produces in the inherent polycondensation process of airtight die cavity is got rid of, reduce the formation of composite mesopore, the even structure that makes composite prefabricated component 6 is and tight, and quality improves.Again for example, have good heating properties, but the heater 55 of temperature adjustment is housed respectively in T shape mold 51 and the U-shaped bed die 52, can provide resin solidification to react needed temperature easily, help energy-conservation.
The present invention has designed a kind of resin transfer molding (RTM) process simultaneously and has prepared the method for composite (hereinafter to be referred as method, referring to Fig. 2), it is characterized in that this method adopts equipment of the present invention, and comprise following technology: 1. adorn mould, composite prefabricated component 6 is put into the good U-shaped bed die 52 of preheating; 2. matched moulds is checked the vacuum of mould; 3. connecting line is regulated the pressure head 7 of press, and making between die cavity and the prefabricated component 6 has the injecting glue space, then liquid injection pipe and drain pipe is connect with the liquid injection hole 53 and fluid hole 54 pipes of U-shaped bed die 52 respectively; To leave certain space between the described upper and lower mould, mould be vacuumized processing, and get rid of the little molecular product that generates in the resin solidification reaction so that mold filling finishes the back; 4. mold filling is poured resin in the resin container 3 into, is preheated to 30 ℃, opens nitrogen cylinder 1, adjusts force value, beginning injecting glue mold filling; 5. vacuumize, mold filling is closed nitrogen cylinder 1, fluid injection valve 4 and the valve 8 of finding time after finishing, and behind the gelling temp that is heated to resin, opens the valve 8 of finding time, and starts vavuum pump 9, makes the vacuum of mould reach 0.1MPa, and keeps 30～50 minutes; 6. pressurization, start press then, promote the pressure head 7 of press, open T shape mold 51 technology pressing plate 10 is put on the prefabricated component (enhancing body) 6, closed T shape mold 51 descends the pressure head 7 of instruction press, by prefabricated component 6 being applied the pressure of 6～35MPa with the T shape mold of pressure head 7 attachings, keep this pressure, make the structure of injecting glue prefabricated component 6 tight, and unnecessary resin is got rid of from the valve 8 of finding time, the curing system routinely that heats up is carried out; The shape and structure of described technology pressing plate 10 is according to the design that is complementary of the shape and structure of composite prefabricated component 6.
In traditional RTM technology, die cavity immobilizes before and after mold filling.By comparison, resin transfer molding (RTM) process among the present invention is by the design of mould structure, after mold filling, vacuumize, then by changing the height of die cavity, enhancing body in the mould is exerted pressure, had compression function, thereby got rid of the hole that resin forms in solidify reaction process, significantly reduced the porosity in the resulting product.
The present invention does not address part and is applicable to prior art.
Provide the specific embodiment that the present invention uses below.
Preparation 3 D weaving four-way phenolic composite test specimen.What this embodiment prepared the composite test specimen is shaped as rectangle (referring to Fig. 1), adopts equipment of the present invention and following technology:
1. adorn mould, composite prefabricated component 6 is put into the good U-shaped bed die 52 of preheating; 2. matched moulds is checked the vacuum of mould; 3. connecting line is regulated the pressure head 7 of press, and making between die cavity and the prefabricated component 6 has the injecting glue space, then liquid injection pipe and drain pipe is connect with the liquid injection hole 53 and fluid hole 54 pipes of U-shaped bed die 52 respectively; 4. mold filling: phenolic resins is poured in the resin container 3, be preheated to 30 ℃, open nitrogen cylinder 1, adjust force value, beginning injecting glue mold filling; 5. vacuumize, mold filling is closed nitrogen cylinder 1, fluid injection valve 4 and the valve 8 of finding time after finishing, and when temperature rises to 80 ℃, opens the valve 8 of finding time, and starts vavuum pump 9, makes the vacuum of mould reach 0.1MPa, and keeps 40 minutes.6. press is started in pressurization then, promotes the pressure head 7 of press, open T type mold 51, technology pressing plate 10 is put on the prefabricated component (enhancing body) 6 closed T type mold 51, the pressure head 7 of instruction press is descended, by exerting pressure with 51 pairs of prefabricated components 6 of T shape mold of pressure head 7 attachings.According to fiber volume fraction 65%, the 6.5MPa that exerts pressure, and keep this pressure, and make injecting glue prefabricated component 6 structures tight, unnecessary resin flows out from the valve 8 of finding time, and the curing system routinely that heats up is carried out.The shape and structure of described technology pressing plate 10 is complementary according to the shape and structure of composite prefabricated component 6 and is designed to rectangle.
Products obtained therefrom detects according to standard GB/T3365-1982, and its porosity is 0.68%.It is 11.92% that the contrast experiment uses the porosity in the composite test specimen that traditional phenolic resins RTM technology makes, and is 17.5 times (referring to Fig. 4 (a) and Fig. 4 (b)) of porosity of the present invention.
Adopt equipment of the present invention to prepare 3 D weaving five to the epoxy novolac composite.The composite test specimen of this embodiment preparation be shaped as U-shaped (referring to Fig. 3), adopt following technology:
1. adorn mould, composite prefabricated component 6 is put into the good U-shaped bed die 52 of preheating; 2. matched moulds is checked the vacuum of mould; 3. regulate the pressure head 7 of press, making between die cavity and the prefabricated component 6 has the injecting glue space, then liquid injection pipe and drain pipe is connect with the liquid injection hole 53 and fluid hole 54 pipes of U-shaped bed die 52 respectively; 4. mold filling: epoxy phenolics is poured in the resin container 3, be preheated to 30 ℃, open nitrogen cylinder 1, adjust force value, beginning injecting glue mold filling; 5. vacuumize, after mold filling finishes, close nitrogen cylinder 1, fluid injection valve 4 and the valve 8 of finding time,, open the valve 8 of finding time, start vavuum pump 9, make the vacuum of mould reach 0.1MPa and kept 35 minutes when temperature rises to 90 ℃.6. press is started in pressurization then, promotes the pressure head 7 of press, open T type mold 51, technology briquetting 10 is put on the prefabricated component (enhancing body) 6 closed T type mold 51, the pressure head 7 of instruction press is descended, by exerting pressure with 51 pairs of prefabricated components 6 of T shape mold of pressure head 7 attachings.According to fiber volume fraction 72%, the 15MPa that exerts pressure, and keep this pressure, and make injecting glue prefabricated component 6 structures tight, unnecessary resin is discharged from the valve 8 of finding time, and the curing system routinely that heats up is carried out.The shape and structure of described technology briquetting 10 is designed to T shape according to the shape and structure coupling of U-shaped composite prefabricated component 6.
Products obtained therefrom detects according to standard GB/T3365-1982, and it surveys porosity is 0.32%.It is 5.46% that the contrast experiment uses the porosity in the composite test specimen that traditional epoxy phenolics RTM technology makes, and is 17.1 times (referring to Fig. 5 (a) and Fig. 5 (b)) of porosity of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a resin transfer molding (RTM) process prepares the equipment of composite, it is characterized in that this equipment comprises nitrogen cylinder, nitrogen cylinder is successively through Pressure gauge, pressure valve, resin container, the liquid injection hole pipe of fluid injection valve and U-shaped bed die connects, the fluid hole of U-shaped bed die connects through find time valve and vacuum pump line, link to each other with the press pressure head with the T shape mold of U-shaped bed die coupling, described liquid injection hole is opened the side at the U-shaped bed die, the position is not higher than pack into minimum upper surface in the U-shaped bed die of composite prefabricated component, described fluid hole is opened the opposite side at the U-shaped bed die, and the position will be higher than pack into minimum upper surface in the U-shaped bed die of composite prefabricated component; But the end face of the bottom surface of described U-shaped bed die and T shape mold is the heater of interior dress temperature adjustment respectively.
2. a resin transfer molding (RTM) process prepares the method for composite, it is characterized in that this method adopts the described equipment of claim 1, and comprises following technology: 1. adorn mould, the composite prefabricated component is put into the good U-shaped bed die of preheating; 2. matched moulds is checked the vacuum of mould; 3. connecting line is regulated the pressure head of press, and making has the injecting glue space between die cavity and the prefabricated component, then liquid injection pipe and drain pipe is connect with the liquid injection hole and the fluid hole pipe of U-shaped bed die respectively; 4. mold filling is poured resin in the resin container into, is preheated to 30 ℃, opens nitrogen cylinder, adjusts force value, beginning injecting glue mold filling; 5. vacuumize, mold filling is closed nitrogen cylinder, fluid injection valve and the valve of finding time after finishing, and behind the gelling temp that is heated to resin, opens the valve of finding time, and starts vavuum pump, makes the vacuum of mould reach 0.1MPa, and keeps 30～50 minutes; 6. pressurization, start press then, promote the pressure head of press, open T shape mold the technology pressing plate is put on the prefabricated component, closed T shape mold, the pressure head of instruction press descends, by prefabricated component being applied the pressure of 6～35MPa with the T shape mold of pressure head attaching, keep this pressure, and unnecessary resin is got rid of from the valve of finding time, the curing system routinely that heats up is carried out; The shape and structure of described technology pressing plate is according to the design that is complementary of the shape and structure of composite prefabricated component.
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| CNB2008100530411A CN100564008C (en) | 2008-05-09 | 2008-05-09 | A kind of resin transfer molding (RTM) process prepares the equipment and the method for composite |
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| CNB2008100530411A CN100564008C (en) | 2008-05-09 | 2008-05-09 | A kind of resin transfer molding (RTM) process prepares the equipment and the method for composite |
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| CN102285059A (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2011-12-21 | 北京新风机械厂 | Molding method and mold used in resin transfer molding technology of cable rectifying cover |
| CN102514142A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2012-06-27 | 天津工业大学 | Quantitative glue injection device of high-temperature resin transfer mold |
| CN103753742A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-30 | 宁波三峰机械电子有限公司 | Floater vulcanizing molding method and mould for implementing method |
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| CN103963315A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2014-08-06 | 上海飞机制造有限公司 | Prepreg/resin transfer molding co-curing process method for composite materials |
| CN104736312A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2015-06-24 | 迪芬巴赫机械工程有限公司 | Mold, control means, method and installation for producing a preferably fiber-reinforced plastic component |
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| CN102285059B (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2014-08-06 | 北京航天新风机械设备有限责任公司 | Molding method and mold used in resin transfer molding technology of cable rectifying cover |
| CN102285059A (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2011-12-21 | 北京新风机械厂 | Molding method and mold used in resin transfer molding technology of cable rectifying cover |
| CN102514142A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2012-06-27 | 天津工业大学 | Quantitative glue injection device of high-temperature resin transfer mold |
| CN104736312A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2015-06-24 | 迪芬巴赫机械工程有限公司 | Mold, control means, method and installation for producing a preferably fiber-reinforced plastic component |
| CN103802196A (en) * | 2013-10-13 | 2014-05-21 | 广东长城集团股份有限公司 | Rapid forming method of ceramic wine bottle |
| CN103802196B (en) * | 2013-10-13 | 2016-03-09 | 广东长城集团股份有限公司 | Ceramic wine bottle quick molding method |
| CN103753742A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-30 | 宁波三峰机械电子有限公司 | Floater vulcanizing molding method and mould for implementing method |
| CN103963315A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2014-08-06 | 上海飞机制造有限公司 | Prepreg/resin transfer molding co-curing process method for composite materials |
| CN105711113A (en) * | 2016-01-30 | 2016-06-29 | 西北工业大学 | Experiment-grade RTM (Resin Transfer Molding) constant-pressure injection system and constant-pressure injection method |
| CN105711113B (en) * | 2016-01-30 | 2017-10-10 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of method for testing level RTM constant pressures injecting systems and constant pressure injection |
| CN111601698A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2020-08-28 | 通用电气公司 | Vacuum forming die assembly and related method of use |
| CN110164673A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-08-23 | 深圳顺络电子股份有限公司 | Metal soft magnetic composite material inductor and manufacturing method thereof |
| US11685980B2 (en) | 2019-05-07 | 2023-06-27 | Shenzhen Sunlord Electronics Co., Ltd. | Metal soft magnetic composite material inductor and preparation method thereof |
| CN111805937A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-10-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Preparation device and preparation method of regenerated cellulose resin laminated composite material |
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