CN101249620A - A Rotating Ultrasonic Spindle with Combined Positioning of Straight Thread and Taper - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotating ultrasonic spindle with combined positioning of straight thread and taper, which includes a transducer, a horn and a tool head. The straight thread and taper compound positioning method between the rod and the tool head can make the ultrasonic vibration generated by the piezoelectric chip be transmitted to the tool head, and at the same time avoid the longitudinal vibration from being transmitted back to the spindle bearing, and ensure the high rigidity and Good vibration resistance, this method can make the entire ultrasonic spindle compact in structure and high in rotation accuracy; using the rotating ultrasonic spindle for ultrasonic grinding composite processing, its processing efficiency can reach 3 to 5 times that of ordinary grinding, greatly improving the ultrasonic grinding Machining performance is beneficial to protect workpieces and tools.

Description

A Rotating Ultrasonic Spindle with Combined Positioning of Straight Thread and Taper

technical field

The present invention relates to an ultrasonic spindle, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a rotating ultrasonic spindle applied to ultrasonic grinding combined processing.

Background technique

Ultrasonic grinding technology is one of the most potential processing technologies suitable for processing hard and brittle materials, and there are more and more new types of hard and brittle materials, and their applications are becoming more and more extensive. The rotating ultrasonic spindle is one of the key components of the ultrasonic grinding machine tool. The existing ultrasonic machine tools generally add a simple ultrasonic head to the spindle of the ordinary machine tool, which has defects such as large devices, poor precision, and low speed. This method will cause the ultrasonic vibration to be transmitted back to the bed, resulting in low machining accuracy and poor workpiece quality.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and provide a compact, high-precision, high-rigidity ultrasonic spindle with combined positioning of straight threads and tapers.

The object of the present invention is achieved through the following solutions.

A rotating ultrasonic spindle with straight thread and taper composite positioning, including a transducer, a horn and a tool head. The transducer is connected by bolts from a rear matching block, a piezoelectric wafer, and a front matching block. The horn and the tool head are connected and supported on the outer casing through bearings, which can realize high-speed rotation. The special feature is that the horn and the tool head are positioned through straight threads and tapers. This method can make the piezoelectric wafer produce Ultrasonic vibration is transmitted to the tool head, while avoiding longitudinal vibration back to the spindle bearing, and ensuring high rigidity and good vibration resistance of the machine tool, and this method can make the entire ultrasonic spindle compact in structure and high in rotation accuracy.

One end of the tool head is plated with a layer of wear-resistant and high-hardness material by electroplating, welding, etc., such as a layer of diamond material; the other end of the tool head is a composite type of tapered and straight thread, and the taper of the tapered surface can For adjustment, it is necessary to ensure that the ultrasonic vibration can be efficiently transmitted to the tool tip.

One end of the horn has an inner tapered surface and an inner straight thread, which coincide with the outer tapered surface and the outer straight thread of the tool head, so as to ensure a good connection between the tool head and the horn, and the acoustic impedance is small.

The three parts of the rear matching block, the piezoelectric chip and the front matching block are connected by bolts, the bolts and the piezoelectric chip need to be insulated, and the piezoelectric chip must be prevented from being subjected to torque to avoid damage to the piezoelectric chip.

The rotating part and the jacket are supported by upper and lower bearings to ensure the rotation accuracy of the entire ultrasonic spindle.

The loading of the driving electrical signal of the rotating ultrasonic vibrator is realized by the wear-resistant brush, which can ensure the reliability of the driving signal loading of the ultrasonic spindle in the case of high-speed rotation.

The rotation of the entire ultrasonic main shaft is driven by the drive shaft, which is connected to the motor through a belt, a timing belt, an elastic coupling, and the like.

The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

Driven by the high-frequency ultrasonic signal, the transducer amplifies the ultrasonic vibration through the horn and the tool head, and the amplitude reaches 0.01-0.1mm, which produces a high-frequency strong impact on the workpiece, and the ultrasonic spindle realizes high-speed rotation at the same time. A composite ultrasonic grinding process is produced. Ultrasonic grinding composite processing technology is to introduce ultrasonic vibration into the grinding process, and remove the processed material on the workpiece with the help of ultrasonic vibration. Ultrasonic vibration can strengthen and improve the grinding effect. Its main performance is: not only retains the characteristics of grinding processing, but also greatly improves processing efficiency (processing speed reaches 3 to 5 times that of ordinary grinding), reduces chip deformation, reduces cutting force, and smooth chip removal; At the same time, the surface quality of the workpiece can be effectively improved (the surface finish of the workpiece can reach Ra<0.2μm), the force and heat load are small, and it is beneficial to protect the workpiece and the tool (the loss of the tool is reduced to 1/2 of ordinary grinding), and the processing cost is reduced. It is very Suitable for processing hard and brittle materials.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the straight thread and taper composite positioning method is used between the horn and the tool head, so that the ultrasonic vibration generated by the piezoelectric wafer is transmitted to the tool head, and at the same time, the longitudinal vibration is prevented from being transmitted back to the spindle bearing, and the machine tool is guaranteed With high rigidity and good vibration resistance, this method can make the entire ultrasonic spindle compact in structure and high in rotation accuracy. Using the rotating ultrasonic spindle for ultrasonic grinding composite processing, the processing efficiency can reach 3 to 5 times that of ordinary grinding, which greatly improves the performance of ultrasonic grinding and is beneficial to protect workpieces and cutting tools.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the compound positioning of the straight thread and the taper between the horn and the tool head according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the compound positioning of straight thread and taper between the horn and the tool head of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-tool head, 2, 2'-positioning taper, 3, 3'-straight thread, 4-bearing, 5-piezoelectric chip, 6-screw, 7-rear matching block, 8-drive shaft, 9 -Upper cover, 10-bearing, 11-bolt, 12-electric brush, 13-coat, 14-front matching block, 15-horn.

Detailed ways

In the specific embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 1, the rotating ultrasonic main shaft with straight thread and taper compound positioning includes a transducer, a horn 15 and a tool head 1, and the transducer is composed of a rear matching block 7, a pressing The electric chip 5 and the front matching block 14 are composed of three parts, which are connected by bolts 11. The rear end of the rear matching block 7 is connected with a drive shaft 8. The above parts form a rotating body, and the motor is driven by a belt, a timing belt or an elastic coupling. The drive shaft 8 rotates so that the whole rotating part rotates at a high speed (3000-4000 rpm); the whole rotating part is fixed on the outer cover 13 by two bearings 4, 10, and the whole main shaft is clamped by the outer cover 13 to realize axial progress. The upper cover 9 defines the axial position of the entire rotating part through the screw 6; the driving signal of the ultrasonic power supply is loaded on the ultrasonic vibrator through the brush 12; the tool head 1 and the horn 15 are connected through a taper 2 and a straight thread 3, the The connection method can make the ultrasonic spindle compact in structure and high in positioning accuracy; one end of the tool head 1 is a diamond tool head plated by electroplating or electric welding.

In the schematic diagram of the first specific embodiment of the straight thread and taper compound positioning between the horn and the tool head shown in Figure 2, the positioning taper 2 is on the bottom, and the layout of the connecting straight thread 3 is on the top, and the positioning Taper can be partial contact or full contact.

In the schematic diagram of the second specific embodiment of the straight thread and taper compound positioning between the horn and the tool head shown in Figure 3, the layout of the positioning taper 2' is on the top and the connecting straight thread 3' is on the bottom, and The positioning taper can also be a partial contact or a full contact.

The present invention is a rotating ultrasonic spindle with combined positioning of straight threads and tapers and is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments.

Claims (9)

1. the rotating ultrasonic chief axis of straight thread and the compound location of tapering, comprise transducer, luffing bar [15] and tool heads [1], wherein transducer by back match block [7], piezoelectric chip [5] is connected by bolt [11] with preceding match block [14] and pass through bearing [4,10] is connected with overcoat [13], the preceding match block [14] of transducer connects luffing bar [15], and the back match block [7] of transducer connects driving shaft [8]; It is characterized in that: be connected with straight thread [3] by tapering [2] between tool heads [1] and luffing bar [15].

2. the rotating ultrasonic chief axis of straight thread according to claim 1 and the compound location of tapering is characterized in that above-mentioned tool heads [1] one end plates wear-resisting, the high hardness material of attached one deck, as diamond; Tool heads [1] other end is taper and straight thread composite construction.

3. the rotating ultrasonic chief axis of straight thread according to claim 1 and the compound location of tapering, it is characterized in that described luffing bar [15] one ends connect preceding match block [14], the other end has inner conical surface and interior straight thread, and matches with the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of tool heads [1] and outer straight thread.

4. according to the rotating ultrasonic chief axis of claim 1 or 2 or 3 described straight threads and the compound location of tapering, it is characterized in that straight thread [3] is connected between above-mentioned tool heads [1] and luffing bar [15], tapering [2] is positioned at down; Be the top of straight thread [3] in tool heads [1].

5. according to the rotating ultrasonic chief axis of claim 1 or 2 or 3 described straight threads and the compound location of tapering, it is characterized in that straight thread [3 '] is connected down between above-mentioned tool heads [1] and luffing bar [15], tapering [2 '] is positioned at; Be the top of tapering [2 '] in tool heads [1].

6. the rotating ultrasonic chief axis of straight thread according to claim 1 and the compound location of tapering is characterized in that loam cake [9] is installed in overcoat [13] upper end by screw [6].

7. the rotating ultrasonic chief axis of straight thread according to claim 1 and the compound location of tapering, it is inboard and contact with piezoelectric chip [5] to it is characterized in that brush [12] is installed in overcoat [13].

8. the rotating ultrasonic chief axis of straight thread according to claim 1 and the compound location of tapering, it is characterized in that above-mentioned driving shaft [8] by belt, synchronously the band or the elasticity shaft joint link to each other with motor.

9. the rotating ultrasonic chief axis of straight thread according to claim 1 and the compound location of tapering is characterized in that insulation between above-mentioned bolt [11] and the piezoelectric chip [5].

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