Background technology
The REACTIVE DYES chromatogram is complete, bright in colour, applicable to various dyeings, be widely used in the dyeing processing of cellulose base fiber fabrics such as cotton, fiber crops, viscose glue, be the dye of present dyeing consumption maximum.REACTIVE DYES can form covalent bonds with fiber molecule, has good wet process COLOR FASTNESS, and dye level is low, the dye fixing rate is low, pollute problems such as big but also exist.Therefore, improve the important topic that the reactive dyeing degree of depth, minimizing dye dosage and discharge capacity are printing and dyeing and dye industry research and development always.
The most important with exhaust process in the reactive dyes dyeing method, its general dyeing course comprises following 6 steps:
1) start dyeing machine, the circulation of opening liquid and fabric makes fabric by water-wet;
2) be lower than under the color fixing temperature, adding the good dye solution of dissolving, circulation a period of time in batches or progressively;
3) add the good salting liquid of dissolving in batches or progressively, circulation a period of time, impel dyestuff to be adsorbed by fiber;
4) add the good aqueous slkali of dissolving, beginning fixation in batches or progressively;
5) with the programming rate of 0.5~1.0 ℃ of per minute, dye bath is heated to suitable color fixing temperature, insulation, fixation are 20~60 minutes then;
6) venting dyeing residual liquid; Wash, soap.
Through above dyeing course, the degree of fixation of general dyestuff is 60~70%, and some external dyestuffs can reach more than 80%.On the whole, the utilization rate of REACTIVE DYES is lower.
In recent years, aspect reactive dyestuffs in exhaustion, the research that improves dye utilization rate, minimizing discharging mainly concentrates on:
1) development of new high colour-fast rate REACTIVE DYES reduces the hydrolised dye discharging;
2) cellulose fiber cationization or amination technology improve the anionic adsorption capacity of dyestuff;
3) adopt the bridging agent technology that contains a plurality of active groups, improve the dye fixing rate;
4) the high direct REACTIVE DYES of exploitation, the consumption of minimizing salt;
4) adopt the more dyeing machinery of short liquor ratio,, improve the dye fixing rate, reduce the hydrolised dye discharging as airflow dyeing machine.
Relevant dyeing research also mainly centers on the exploitation of above several aspects dyestuff and launches.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of colouring method that improves reactive dye fabric tray dyeing color strength, this method is set about with different principles, mainly on fabric, dying distribution from changing REACTIVE DYES, improve the set degree of dyestuff on surface fiber of the fabric, thereby under using, can obtain darker dye level, technological deficiency such as solve reactive dyeing degree of depth deficiency in the existing textiles fuel engineering, dye dosage is many and discharge capacity is big with amount dyestuff condition.
A kind of colouring method that improves reactive dye fabric tray dyeing color strength of the present invention is on the exhaust process basis of REACTIVE DYES routine, changes the adding method of dying material, specifically may further comprise the steps:
When (1) dyeing begins, under 30~90 ℃ of constant temperature, earlier fabric, salt, color-fixing agent alkali are added in the dye bath simultaneously, turned round 10~30 minutes, make fabric evenly adsorb salt and alkaline agent;
(2) use continuous liquid-adding device slowly to add dyestuff then, continue 30~90min, and continue and dye 15~30min;
(3) fabric is taken out in the dyeing back that finishes, with cold wash, soap, wash, dry.
Described fabric is cellulose fibre woven fabric or knitted fabric, as cotton poplin, khaki, knitting interlock fabric etc.
Described salt is a kind of or its mixture in glauber salt (sodium sulphate) or the salt (sodium chloride), amount ranges 0-120g/L.
Described color-fixing agent alkali is that soda ash (sodium carbonate), tertiary sodium phosphate, NaOH and mixed type substitute one or more mixtures in the alkali, amount ranges 10-100g/L.
Bath raio scope in the described dye bath is between 3: 1~50: 1.
Described dyestuff is the low temperature that is applicable to room temperature to 95 ℃ fixation, one or more mixtures in the middle gentle High Temperature Type Reactive Dyes, amount ranges 0-10% (o.w.f, heavy to fabric).
Described washing, the process of soaping and condition can adopt conventional dyeing post-processing approach.
Adding continuously in the dye solution process among the present invention, using flow control pump control to add the speed of dye solution, make dyestuff slowly, add equably, to guarantee level-dyeing property.The original device of overall flow recycle dyeing machine of dye liquor is finished in the dyeing course.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) after dyestuff entered dye bath in this method, under fixation pH (10.0-12.5) and 30~90 ℃, dye molecule can react by instant surface fiber with fabric, and minimizing is to the infiltration of internal fiber:
(2) this method has changed the adding method of dying material, do not need that fabric is carried out special pre-treatment and can obtain the color darker than common process, can obviously save dyestuff, reduce pollutant emission, the developing direction that adapts to the ecological energy-saving dyeing, the method is particularly useful for affinity and direct bigger REACTIVE DYES, and effect is particularly evident when dying dark color;
(3) use this method, textile dyeing depth ratio common process rises significantly, the degree of fixation of dyestuff (utilization rate) also improves, under the same color depth, adopt dyeing of the present invention can obviously reduce the consumption of REACTIVE DYES, can save the 20%-35% dyestuff when dying dark color, can save about 20% when dying light color; The dye fixing rate can improve about 10%.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.
Adopt different dyes, different technology conditions to the experiment of dyeing of different fabrics,, obtain the dyestuff saving amount of technology of the present invention by the variation of its color depth; And investigate colour fastness to rubbing and the dye fixing rate dye sample.
Process equipment: model machine is dyed in the vibration of RY-25012 type constant temperature; HL-2B type constant flow pump.
Textile material: all cotton woven fabric: khaki bleaching semi-products, yarn count 20/16, density 128/60; Poplin cloth bleaching semi-products, yarn count 40/40, density 133/72; Interlock fabric bleaching semi-products, 250 gram/m2
Dye the chemical drug product: Levafix CA REACTIVE DYES (Dystar company), refined lattice element (Argazol) REACTIVE DYES (the refined fortune fine chemistry industry in Shanghai company), Drimarene HF (Clariant company); All the other chemicals are the chemical pure product.
1, dyeing
Reactive dyeing technology
Dyeing prescription: dyestuff (o.w.f) 2% or 4%
Sodium chloride (g/L) 50
Sodium carbonate (g/L) 20
Bath raio 20: 1
Dyeing one (normal dyeing technology contrast sample) is seen Fig. 3.
Dyeing two (dyeing dyeing sample of the present invention) is seen Fig. 4.
The dying operation step:
(1) accurately takes by weighing dyestuff and dying reagent by prescription.
(2) use the distilled water obtain solution.After the dye bath preparation finishes, by technology controlling and process dye bath temperature.
(3) fabric is wetting, extract after, according to the following steps the operation.
1. technology one (normal dyeing technology): under 60 ℃, fabric is dropped into dye liquor, add sodium chloride behind the 15min, behind 15min, add sodium carbonate, the continuous then fixation 30min that dyes.
2. technology two (dyeing of the present invention): fabric, salt and soda ash are joined in 60 ℃ of dye baths together, behind the 10min, drip in advance with constant flow pump and to dissolve good dye solution, add the continuous then 20min that dyes about 60min with low amounts of water.
(4) dyeing post processing: sample is taken out in the dyeing back that finishes, with cold wash, soap (neutral detergent 2g/L, soda ash 2g/L, 95 ℃, 10min, bath raio 1: 30), washing, dry.
2, color measurement
Adopt Datacolor 650 color measurement and color match instrument to measure the DYED FABRICS aberration.Get 4 points of different parts on every fabric, average, every group of test dyed the reference sample of sample as normal dyeing with what drip technology, the aberration Δ L* of coloured differently method fabric relatively, K/S value and Δ E
CMC
3, the calculating of dyestuff saving amount
Earlier carry out linear interpolation calculating with fabric apparent colour degree of depth K/S value and dye dosage data, the consumption of dyestuff when obtaining normal dyeing technology and reaching identical apparent color depth with technology of the present invention (K/S), calculate then dyestuff saving amount.Computational process is exemplified below:
According to last table data, calculate with linear interpolation method row formula:
X reaches the required dye dosage of same color depth (K/S=12.55) with normal dyeing technology in the formula.Solve X=2.8 (%), then dyestuff saving amount is:
4, the mensuration of degree of fixation
This experiment is measured degree of fixation with washing method, and concrete steps are as follows:
(1) disposes two identical dye baths of A, B respectively by deciding prescription, put into same water-bath.
(2) the A dye bath does not add fabric, and the B dye bath adds fabric, and two dye baths are all by above-mentioned dyeing course operation.When the sample in the B dye bath begins soap boiling, also add the soap lye processing of equal number to the A dye bath.
(3) dye liquor of two dye baths, soap liquid and water lotion are mixed respectively, behind the volumetric flask constant volume, survey its absorbance (A) in its maximum absorption wave strong point with spectrophotometer.Then:
In the formula:
A
A---the absorbance of A dye bath after rare
V
A---the volume of A dye bath after rare
A
B---the absorbance of B dye bath after rare
V
B---the volume of B dye bath after rare
5, colour fastness to rubbing test
Press AATCC 8-2001 method and measure, with the test of computer colour photometer, grading.
Embodiment 1
When investigation woven fabric dyeing, same color depth, use technology of the present invention can save the percentage of dyestuff.
Dyestuff: Levafix CA three primary colors REACTIVE DYES, Remazol black and active dye (Dystar company).
Woven fabric: khaki bleaching semi-products, yarn count 20/16, density 128/60; Poplin cloth bleaching semi-products, yarn count 40/40, density 133/72.
The saving rate of table 1 woven fabric dyeing REACTIVE DYES
By table 1, Levafix CA three primary colors and black and active dye are when the poplin cloth textile dyeing, and using technology dyestuff saving rate of the present invention is 20~35%, and dye dosage on average can reduce 27.2%; During the khaki textile dyeing, dyestuff saving rate 16~28%, dye dosage on average can reduce 25.5%.
Embodiment 2
Investigate dyeing knitted fabric, during same color depth, use technology of the present invention can save the percentage of dyestuff.
Dyestuff: Levafix CA three primary colors REACTIVE DYES, Remazol black and active dye (Dystar company).
Knitted fabric: interlock fabric bleaching semi-products, 250 gram/m
2
The saving rate of table 2 dyeing knitted fabric REACTIVE DYES
By table 2, when Levafix CA three primary colors and black and active dye dyeed at knitted fabric (interlock fabric), using technology dyestuff saving rate of the present invention was 16-38%, and it is higher to dye dark saving rate, and dye dosage on average can reduce 25.5%.
Embodiment 3
The COLOR FASTNESS of investigating Levafix CA reactive dyeing changes.Because in the new technology of the present invention, dyestuff set mechanism and normal dyeing technology on fabric do not have difference, have just improved the set concentration of dyestuff at fabric face.Therefore, new technology may mainly be aspect the crocking resistance to the influence of COLOR FASTNESS.This example explanation common process and new technology are being dyed to such an extent that the approaching fabric colour fastness to rubbing of color depth changes.
Dyestuff: Levafix three primary colors REACTIVE DYES, Remazol black and active dye (Dystar company).
Fabric: poplin cloth bleaching semi-products, yarn count 40/40, density 133/72.
The colour fastness to rubbing of table 3 DYED FABRICS
According to above test data, two kinds of technology DYED FABRICS (aberration Δ E that color depth (K/S value) is very approaching
CMCLess than 0.8) colour fastness to rubbing, yellow unlubricated friction fastness descends more obvious, the red and blue indivedual wet fastness of rubbing has reduction (half grade) slightly.
Embodiment 4
Investigate woven fabric and knitted fabric and use the plain reactive dyeing of homemade refined lattice, during same color depth, use technology of the present invention can save the percentage of dyestuff.
Dyestuff: refined lattice element (Argazol) three primary colors and black and active dye (the refined fortune fine chemistry industry in Shanghai company).
Fabric: khaki bleaching semi-products, yarn count 20/16, density 128/60; Poplin cloth bleaching semi-products, yarn count 40/40, density 133/72; Interlock fabric bleaching semi-products, 250 gram/m
2
The saving rate of the plain REACTIVE DYES of the refined lattice of table 4
By table 4, refined lattice element (Argazol) REACTIVE DYES is during to woven fabric and dyeing knitted fabric, and using technology dyestuff saving rate of the present invention is 16-35%, and it is higher to dye dark saving rate, and dye dosage on average can reduce 27.3%.
Embodiment 5
Investigate the dyeing of Levafix Red CA dyestuff woven fabric, the degree of fixation of REACTIVE DYES during same color depth; The degree of fixation difference of contrast new technology and common process.
Dyestuff: Levafix Red CA (Dystar company).
Fabric: poplin cloth bleaching semi-products, yarn count 40/40, density 133/72.
Table 5Levafix dye fixing rate result of the test
Embodiment 6
Investigate the dyeing of Drimarene Red HF dyestuff woven fabric, the degree of fixation of REACTIVE DYES during same color depth; The degree of fixation difference of contrast new technology and common process.
Dyestuff: Drimarene Red HF (Clariant company).
Fabric: poplin cloth bleaching semi-products, yarn count 40/40, density 133/72.
Table 6Drimarene dye fixing rate result of the test
Embodiment 7
Investigate homemade refined lattice uniformly dyeing material woven fabric dyeing, the degree of fixation of REACTIVE DYES during same color depth; The degree of fixation difference of contrast new technology and common process.
Dyestuff: homemade refined lattice element (Argazol) (the refined fortune fine chemistry industry in Shanghai company).
Fabric: poplin cloth bleaching semi-products, yarn count 40/40, density 133/72.
The refined lattice uniformly dyeing of table 7 material degree of fixation result of the test
The explanation of above embodiment 5~7 experimental datas, dye (Δ E under the approaching condition of color depth
CMCBe lower than 1.0, less than 4 grades of aberration), using technology of the present invention can obviously obtain than high colour-fast rate, and increase rate helps reduction of discharging, environmental protection about 10%.