CN101245251A - 一种生物柴油的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种生物柴油的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN101245251A
CN101245251A CNA2007100049249A CN200710004924A CN101245251A CN 101245251 A CN101245251 A CN 101245251A CN A2007100049249 A CNA2007100049249 A CN A2007100049249A CN 200710004924 A CN200710004924 A CN 200710004924A CN 101245251 A CN101245251 A CN 101245251A
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Prior art keywords
tetrahydrofuran
methyl alcohol
thf
fat
oil
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程文波
全龙浩
董民超
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BEIJING BAOZHIJIE PETROLEUM CHEMICAL INDUSTRY Co Ltd
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BEIJING BAOZHIJIE PETROLEUM CHEMICAL INDUSTRY Co Ltd
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Priority to CNA2007100049249A priority Critical patent/CN101245251A/zh
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
    • Y02P30/20—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock

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  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)

Abstract

目前，生物柴油的制备方法主要有化学法和生物酶法，其制备的方法都是通过将动植物的油脂与一些短链醇(甲醇、乙醇等)在催化剂的作用下发生转酯反应生成生物柴油，该方法的前期对油脂的处理都是相同的，首先，要将植物中的油脂进行榨取并进行脱胶、脱色等一系列的前期处理，不但增加了成本，还造成环境的污染，本发明提供一种不经过前期处理直接用含有植物制备生物柴油的方法。本发明的技术方案是将含有油脂的植物经过普通制油工艺轧片后，直接用四氢呋喃和甲醇浸出后进行脂换反应，经过蒸馏后将四氢呋喃和甲醇蒸出后再次使用，蒸馏的溜下物经过分离后便可以得到生物柴油和粗甘油。

Description

一种生物柴油的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于生物油料合成领域，特别涉及以含油原料为受体，直接将含油原料中的植油脂转换生成生物燃料的一种生物柴油的制备方法.
背景技术
由动植物油脂通过转酯反应生成得长链脂肪酸脂类物质，是一种新型得无污染可再
Figure A20071000492400031
源，被称为生物柴油.其燃烧性能可以与传统的石油系的柴油相媲美，由于生物柴油燃烧
Figure A20071000492400032
动机得尾气中所含得有害物质比石化柴油降低了50％，所以生物柴油的研究和应用已经很广泛的关注.
目前，生物柴油的制备方法主要有化学法和生物酶法，其制备的方法都是通过将动植的油脂与一些短链醇(甲醇、乙醇等)在催化剂的作用下发生转酯反应生成生物柴油，法前期对油脂的处理都是相同的，首先，要将植物中的油脂进行榨取并进行脱胶、脱色系列的前期处理，不但增加了成本，还造成的环境的污染，本发明提供一种不经过前期直接用含油植物制备生物柴油的方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种直接用含有植物制备生物柴油的方法，该方法不经过脱胶色等一系列的前期处理，具有工艺简单，成本低廉的特点.
本发明的技术方案是将含有油脂的植物经过普通制油工艺轧片后，直接用四氢呋喃
Figure A20071000492400033
醇浸出后进行脂换反应，其特征是：将含有油脂的植物经过普通制油工艺轧片后，直接用20％-50％四氢呋喃和80％-50％甲醇的混合液在温度20C°-60C°中浸出，将20％-50％四氢呋喃80％-50％甲醇的混合液浸出后的含油液加酸(PH＝3-6)或硷(PH＝8-12)催化，并在温度20-60的温度中使含油浸出液中的油脂发生脂换反应，经过蒸馏后将四氢呋喃和甲醇蒸出后再用，蒸馏的溜下物经过分离后便可以得到生物柴油和粗甘油.
本发明的有益效果是：减少了生物柴油的制备工艺，从而降低的生物柴油的成本，有大规模的生产.
具体实施方式
实施实例一
取含经过普通制油工艺轧片的后黄豆片1000克放入回流瓶中，将四氢呋喃1200克和1800克充分混合后加入放入黄豆片回流瓶中，加温60C°进行回流浸出，经过20分钟后氢呋喃和甲醇浸出的液体和黄豆片分离，在四氢呋喃和甲醇浸出的液体加入1.8克的氢钠，加温60C°后进行回流40分钟后取出，用90C°进行蒸馏，将蒸馏的溜下物进行分离后生物柴油和粗甘油.
实施实例二
取含经过普通制油工艺轧片的后黄豆片1000克放入回流瓶中，，将四氢呋喃1800克和1200克充分混合后加入放入黄豆片回流瓶中，加温60C°进行回流浸出，经过20分钟后氢呋喃和甲醇浸出的液体和黄豆片分离，在四氢呋喃和甲醇浸出的液体加入2.4克的浓
Figure A20071000492400041
加温60C°后进行回流400分钟后取出，用90C°进行蒸馏，将蒸馏的溜下物进行分离后得物柴油和粗甘油.

Claims (3)

1. 一种生物柴油的制备方法，是将含有油脂的植物经过普通制油工艺轧片后，直接用四氢呋喃和甲醇浸出后进行脂换反应，其特征是：将含有油脂的植物经过普通制油工艺轧片后，直接用20％-50％四氢呋喃和80％-50％甲醇的混合液再温度20C°-60C°中浸出，将20％-50％四氢呋喃和80％-50％甲醇的混合液浸出后的含油液加酸(PH＝3-6)或硷(PH＝8-12)催化，并在温度20-60C°的温度中使含油浸出液中的油脂发生脂换反应，经过蒸馏后将四氢呋喃和甲醇蒸出后再次使用，蒸馏的溜下物经过分离后便可以得到生物柴油和粗甘油。
2. 根据权力要求1所述的生物柴油的制备方法，其特征是：含有油脂的植物可以大豆、菜籽等一切含油植物的种子或枝干。
3. 根据权力要求1所述的生物柴油的制备方法，其特征是：用20％-50％四氢呋喃和80％-50％甲醇的混合液再温度20C°-60C°中浸出，将20％-50％四氢呋喃和80％-50％甲醇的混合液浸出后的含油液加酸(PH＝3-6)进行脂化后在加碱进行脂换反应。
CNA2007100049249A 2007-02-12 2007-02-12 一种生物柴油的制备方法 Pending CN101245251A (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101955787A (zh) * 2010-09-26 2011-01-26 复旦大学 一种将沙生灌木水热液化制备液体燃料的方法
CN108219982A (zh) * 2016-12-22 2018-06-29 内蒙古中细软技术开发有限公司 新型共溶剂法合成生物柴油

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101955787A (zh) * 2010-09-26 2011-01-26 复旦大学 一种将沙生灌木水热液化制备液体燃料的方法
CN101955787B (zh) * 2010-09-26 2013-07-10 复旦大学 一种将沙生灌木水热液化制备液体燃料的方法
CN108219982A (zh) * 2016-12-22 2018-06-29 内蒙古中细软技术开发有限公司 新型共溶剂法合成生物柴油

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