CN101244649B - Automatic detection method for printed product four-color register difference - Google Patents
Automatic detection method for printed product four-color register difference Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an automatic detection method for four-color register deviation of printing, in particular to a method adopting image processing to automatically calculate the four-color axial direction and circumferential direction register deviation. The method mainly comprises following steps: register marker image is pretreated, comprising color division, edge detection, and location of the register marker image; then object image is reversed; benchmark is selected optimally; the calculated register deviation outcome is exported; the detection method gives the register deviation data of black, cyan, fuchsin, and yellow marker in axial and circumferential direction automatically after the register marker image is analyzed. The automatic detection method for four-color register deviation of printing has the advantages of high efficiency, high speed and easy operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of automatic detection method for printed product four-color register partial difference, particularly relate to adopt image to handle to calculate automatically four colour axis to the method for circumferential register deviation.
Background technology
In the four-colour chromatography process, often stamp near the edge of printing as special markings such as cross hairs, cat eyeses, operating personnel regulate registration mechanism by the size of estimating register partial difference, wish that finally black (B) mark, cyan (C) mark, magenta (M) mark and yellow (Y) mark overlap as far as possible, printed matter just can reach best definition.Alignment control is the key link in the four-color process technology.
At present, the detection of register partial difference and control also rest on artificial visually examine's mode.Operating personnel are by many printings of offset press printing, use the axial and circumferential relative distance between magnifying glass range estimation density bullet, cyan mark, product red marker and the yellow mark of being with scale then, it is deviate, totally 8 numerical value, need many edges of range estimation, operating personnel adjust registration mechanism according to visual observation, debug printing machine then, repeat this process, up to reaching alignment effect preferably.There is following weak point in this visual method: (1) precision is low, efficient is poor, the minimum scale of magnifying glass is generally about 20 microns-50 microns, add the range estimation error of human eye, the range estimation precision of register partial difference is on the low side, the adjustment of registration mechanism often needs veteran operating personnel, and whole registration adjustment process needs long time just can finish usually; (2) operating process is loaded down with trivial details, and difficulty is big, causes operating personnel's fatigue easily, and it is very conscientious careful to need during by magnifying glass range estimation scale, easily causes the tired and damage of eye.
Summary of the invention
Calculate the existing problem of manual range estimation mode that adopts at above-mentioned register partial difference, the present invention release to the register partial difference image handle automatic calculating four colour axis to the method for circumferential register deviation, its objective is to be by the register mark image is analyzed, with other three kinds of color marks of detecting certain color references relatively offset distance at the printing machine axial and circumferential.
Automatic detection method for printed product four-color register partial difference involved in the present invention, be by CCD camera collection register mark image, and send computer to, the register mark image is handled and selected the alignment color references automatically by computer, calculate the offset distance of other three kinds of color mark relative datum looks at axial and circumferential.Described automatic detection method for printed product four-color register partial difference may further comprise the steps:
1) preliminary treatment register mark image;
2) the register mark image is carried out color separation;
Destination object in the register mark image is separated, be divided into four class pixels: density bullet pixel, cyan marked pixels, pinkish red marked pixels and yellow marked pixels, according to the classification of pixel, identify density bullet in the image, cyan mark, product red marker and yellow mark;
3) mark after the color separation is carried out rim detection and location;
In the four-colour chromatography process, density bullet exists constantly, does not exist and blocks, so when detecting the edge, be benchmark with the black line always, must detect the four edges edge of density bullet at axial and circumferential.The edge line distribution situation complexity of other color mark, employing nearby principle and the black border straight line that closes on compare, and after the consideration density bullet anglec of rotation, adopt the method computed image register partial difference of asking the vertical line section, are specially:
Extract the edge pixel of density bullet, cyan mark, product red marker and yellow mark in the image, based on the edge pixel coordinate that extracts, black border pixel, cyan edge pixel, pinkish red edge pixel and yellow edge pixel are carried out fitting a straight line, determine edge line; With four straight lines of density bullet as benchmark, make the vertical line of other color mark straight line and nearest density bullet straight line, obtain the length of image perpendicular bisector section, obtaining cyan mark, product red marker, yellow mark is the axial and circumferential image registration deviate of benchmark with the density bullet, and unit is a pixel;
4) image is counter asks;
Axial, the circumferential anti-model of asking of image registration deviation substitution image that with the density bullet is cyan mark, product red marker and the yellow mark of benchmark, calculate axial, the circumferential register deviation of cyan mark, product red marker and the yellow mark of the relative black benchmark of object space; Unit is mm;
5) benchmark optimization is selected;
Having obtained by above-mentioned steps 1～4 is the axial and circumferential register partial difference value of benchmark with the density bullet, these numerical value send to host computer and use, by 12 axial and circumferential motor movements of host computer adjusting four colour offset press, the register partial difference value that the amplitude of accommodation equals to detect.In regulating the process of motor, need to judge and use the adjustment of black benchmark and with density bullet during as the register partial difference value of benchmark, whether the registration mechanism under the Electric Machine Control transfinites.Behind step 1-4, the current location of offset press black, cyan, magenta and the yellow alignment guiding mechanism that provides in conjunction with host computer and the adjustable range of setting, whether the black benchmark that needs further determining step 1-4 to select is reasonable, out-of-limit as if causing in the registration mechanism adjustment process, need to select other color mark as benchmark.
Read offset press black, cyan, magenta and yellow registration mechanism current location and adjustable range at axial and circumferential, according to these conditions, select the color references an of the best, and will change and regulate with the register partial difference data that fast black base will definitely arrive, go beyond the scope when avoiding the registration mechanism of offset press to regulate.
6) output register partial difference result of calculation.
According to data protocol and axially, circumferential data polarity, output shaft to the circumferential register deviate, and store database into, in order to reading and data transmission.
Preliminary treatment register mark image described in the step 1 is: image is carried out filtering and target is cut apart, register mark and image background regions separately, obtain pretreatment image.
The method that extracts the density bullet pixel in the target label described in the step 2 is:
The density bullet pixel will meet the following conditions simultaneously:
R-AVR(R，G，B)＜T
K1，
And G-AVR (R, G, B)＜T
K1,
And B-AVR (R, G, B)＜T
K1,
And T
K0-G＞0;
And T
K0-B＞0;
Wherein: R, G, B are the red, green, blue gray value of pixel, AVR (R, G B) are mean value after R, G, the B summation, promptly AVR (R, G, B)=(R+G+B)/3; T
K1And T
K0Be the density bullet pixel extraction threshold value that is provided with, 13＜T
K1＜18,80＜T
K0＜100.
The method that extracts the cyan marked pixels employing in the target label described in the step 2 is:
The cyan marked pixels will meet the following conditions simultaneously:
AVR(R，G，B)-R＞T
C0；
And G-AVR (R, G, B)＞T
C0
And B-AVR (R, G, B)＞T
C0
Wherein: T
C0For the cyan marked pixels that is provided with is extracted threshold value, 13＜T
C0＜18.
The method that extracts the pinkish red marked pixels employing in the target label described in the step 2 is:
Pinkish red marked pixels will meet the following conditions simultaneously:
R-AVR(R，G，B)＞T
M0；
And R-G＞T
M1
And R＜T
M2
Wherein: T
M0, T
M1And T
M2For the pinkish red marked pixels that is provided with is extracted threshold value, 8＜T
M0＜13,13＜T
M1＜18,190＜T
M2＜210.
The method that extracts the yellow marked pixels employing in the target label described in the step 2 is:
Yellow marked pixels will meet the following conditions simultaneously:
R-AVR(R，G，B)＞T
Y0；
And G-AVR (R, G, B)＞T
Y0
And AVR (R, G, B)-B＞T
Y0
Wherein: T
Y0For the yellow marked pixels that is provided with is extracted threshold value, 13＜T
Y0＜18.
Benchmark optimization described in the step 5 selects concrete steps as follows:
Current location P (I) and adjustable range [Min (I), Max (I)] according to offset press black, cyan, magenta and yellow registration mechanism, Min and Max represent least regulating amount and the maximal regulated amount that the registration mechanism adjustment need be satisfied, I=black, cyan, magenta or yellow, benchmark when selecting to regulate registration mechanism automatically, the method for employing is as follows:
1) for density bullet, adjusted position P=density bullet current location+density bullet the register partial difference, [Min (black) that judges whether P is positioned at, Max (black)] in the interval, if satisfy, then selecting black is benchmark, finish the benchmark option program, otherwise enter following step;
2) for the cyan mark, adjusted position P=cyan mark current location+cyan mark the register partial difference, [Min (cyan) that judges whether P is positioned at, Max (cyan)] in the interval, if satisfy, then selecting cyan is benchmark, finish the benchmark option program, otherwise enter following step;
3) for the product red marker, adjusted position P=product red marker current location+product red marker the register partial difference, [Min (magenta) that judges whether P is positioned at, Max (magenta)] in the interval, if satisfy, then selecting magenta is benchmark, finish the benchmark option program, otherwise enter following step;
4) for yellow mark, the yellow mark current location of adjusted position P=+yellow mark the register partial difference, [Min (yellow) that judges whether P is positioned at, Max (yellow)] in the interval, if satisfy, then selecting yellow is benchmark, finish the benchmark option program, otherwise enter following step;
5) selecting black is benchmark.
After analyzing the register mark image, automatic detection method for printed product four-color register partial difference involved in the present invention provides black, cyan, magenta and the yellow register partial difference data that are marked at axial and circumferential automatically, the efficient height, and speed is fast, and is easy and simple to handle.Automatically the data based certain protocol format of register partial difference that calculates is packed, send to main control computer, automatically adjust registration mechanism by main control computer, only need the very short time just can finish the adjustment of registration mechanism, the automaticity and the governing speed of the control of four colour offset press alignment significantly are improved.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the automatic detection method for printed product four-color register partial difference that the present invention relates to
Description of symbols in the accompanying drawing:
S11, input register mark image
S12, pretreatment image
S21, image pixel color separation
S22, the classification of BCMY pixel
S31, rim detection and location
S32, extraction BCMY cell edges
S33, detection BCMY cell edges
S34, location BCMY cell edges
S41, output image register partial difference
The axial image register partial difference of S42, relative black benchmark
The circumferential image registration deviation of S43, relative black benchmark
S51, image is counter asks
S61, benchmark optimization are selected
S71, output register partial difference
The specific embodiment
Now in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is further elaborated.Fig. 1 shows the flow chart of the automatic detection method for printed product four-color register partial difference that the present invention relates to, and as shown in the figure, automatic detection method for printed product four-color register partial difference may further comprise the steps:
1, preliminary treatment register mark image
To computer input register mark image S11, adopt coloured image vector median filter method to carry out filtering, obtain filtered coloured image IA.Then coloured image is adopted and is cut apart target label and image background in the following method:
(1) at all pixels among the view picture coloured image IA, image I A is converted into gray level image IB.Method for transformation is: the red, green, blue gray value of the pixel among the gray level image IB equates, and equals the sum average value of the red, green, blue gray value of respective pixel among the image I A.
(2) at all pixels among the gray level image IB, image I B is converted into split image IC, dividing method is: whether judge grey scale pixel value among the gray level image IB greater than preset threshold TM, TM is positioned in the interval [60,200], and TM gets 100 in the present embodiment.If set up greater than relation, then be the background pixel among the image I C, be set to white, if be false, then be the target label pixel among the image I C greater than relation, be set to black.
(3) image I C is carried out area filtering, the pseudo-object pixel of filtering obtains filtered image I D.Adopt the method for point by point search, seek each isolated black picture element group that distributes among the image I C, and write down the black picture element number of each black picture element group, if the black picture element number of this black picture element group is greater than preset threshold (getting 200), it then is the target label pixel, otherwise be pseudo-target label pixel, be set to white.
(4) color of image recovers.The color value of the black objects marked pixels among the image I D is set to the pixel color value of the corresponding position among the image I A, obtains pretreatment image S12.
2, the register mark image is carried out color separation
Pretreated image S12 is carried out color separation, extract density bullet pixel, cyan marked pixels, pinkish red marked pixels and yellow marked pixels in the target label.Represent the red, green, blue gray value of pixel with R, G, B, AVR (B)=(R+G+B)/3, the division methods of employing is as follows for R, G:
The condition that the density bullet pixel satisfies:
R-AVR(R，G，B)＜T
K1，
And G-AVR (R, G, B)＜T
K1,
And B-AVR (R, G, B)＜T
K1,
And T
K0-G＞0 and T
K0-B＞0.
R, G, B are the red, green, blue gray value of pixel in the formula, and (R, G B) are mean value after R, G, the B summation, T to AVR
K1And T
K0For the density bullet pixel extraction threshold value that is provided with, get 15 and 90 respectively.
The condition that the cyan marked pixels satisfies:
AVR(R，G，B)-R＞T
C0，
And G-AVR (R, G, B)＞T
C0,
And B-AVR (R, G, B)＞T
C0
T
C0Extract threshold value for the cyan marked pixels that is provided with, get 15.
The condition that pinkish red marked pixels satisfies:
R-AVR(R，G，B)＞T
M0，
And R-G＞T
M1,
And R＜T
M2
T
M0, T
M1And T
M2Extract threshold value for the pinkish red marked pixels that is provided with, get 10,15 and 200 respectively.
The condition that yellow marked pixels satisfies:
R-AVR(R，G，B)＞T
Y0，
And G-AVR (R, G, B)＞T
Y0,
And AVR (R, G, B)-B＞T
Y0
T
Y0Extract threshold value for the yellow marked pixels that is provided with, get 15.
After said method extracts, the image S21 after the acquisition color separation.
3, rim detection and location
In the video acquisition stage, require the horizontal and vertical substantially parallel of register mark cross hairs and image, so adopt the method for horizontal and vertical point by point scanning to extract the edge pixel of black, cyan, magenta and yellow mark at the image S21 after the color separation.
At first image is carried out Horizon Search, since first row, last column to image, respectively to density bullet pixel (R=0, G=0, B=0), cyan marked pixels (R=0, G=255, B=255), pinkish red marked pixels (R=255, G=0 is B=255) with yellow marked pixels (R=255, G=255, B=0) search, when searching first pixel of current line of certain color, be labeled as this color marker current line left side edge point, when searching last marked pixels of this color marker current line, be labeled as the right side edge pixel that this Sedan moves ahead, obtain the image I EH that edge pixel point is formed.
Then along vertical search of image, from first last row that are listed as to image, respectively to density bullet pixel, cyan marked pixels, pinkish red marked pixels and the search of yellow marked pixels, search certain color when first pixel in prostatitis, be labeled as the lower edge point of this color marker when the prostatitis, when searching last marked pixels in this prostatitis, Sedan, be labeled as the upper edge pixel in this prostatitis, Sedan, obtain the image I ET that edge pixel point is formed.
Handle at edge pixel image I EH and IET, adopt Hough conversion and least square fitting black, cyan, magenta and yellow edge line, obtain corresponding straight slope, intercept and starting point coordinate and terminating point coordinate.
With four straight lines of density bullet as benchmark, make the vertical line of other color mark straight line and nearest density bullet straight line, obtain the length of image perpendicular bisector section, obtaining with the density bullet is the axial and circumferential image registration deviate of benchmark, and unit is a pixel.
4, image is counter asks
The cyan among the S42, magenta and yellow axial image register partial difference value based on density bullet, the cyan based on density bullet among the S43, magenta and yellow circumferentially image registration deviate substitution are calculated based on the anti-model of asking of the image of geometric method, obtain the register partial difference value of object space, unit is mm, and the anti-model formation of asking of image is:
ΔW
X＝J*ΔX
ΔW
Y＝J*ΔY。
Δ X and Δ Y are respectively the register partial difference value of object space axial and circumferential, Δ W
XWith Δ W
YBe respectively the axial and circumferential image registration deviate in the image, J is an image mapping proportionality coefficient, is positioned in the interval [30,60], obtains by demarcating.
5, benchmark optimization is selected
Current location P (I) and adjustable range [Min (I), Max (I)] according to offset press black, cyan, magenta and yellow registration mechanism, Min and Max represent least regulating amount and the maximal regulated amount that the registration mechanism adjustment need be satisfied, I=black, cyan, magenta or yellow, benchmark when selecting to regulate registration mechanism automatically, the method for employing is as follows:
(1) for density bullet, adjusted position P=density bullet current location+density bullet the register partial difference, [Min (black) that judges whether P is positioned at, Max (black)] in the interval, if satisfy, then selecting black is benchmark, finish the benchmark option program, otherwise enter following step;
(2) for the cyan mark, adjusted position P=cyan mark current location+cyan mark the register partial difference, [Min (cyan) that judges whether P is positioned at, Max (cyan)] in the interval, if satisfy, then selecting cyan is benchmark, finish the benchmark option program, otherwise enter following step;
(3) for the product red marker, adjusted position P=product red marker current location+product red marker the register partial difference, [Min (magenta) that judges whether P is positioned at, Max (magenta)] in the interval, if satisfy, then selecting magenta is benchmark, finish the benchmark option program, otherwise enter following step;
(4) for yellow mark, the yellow mark current location of adjusted position P=+yellow mark the register partial difference, [Min (yellow) that judges whether P is positioned at, Max (yellow)] in the interval, if satisfy, then selecting yellow is benchmark, finish the benchmark option program, otherwise enter following step;
(5) selecting black is benchmark.
6, output register partial difference result of calculation
According to fixed protocol, give the packing of register partial difference data, send to main frame and use, regulate the alignment structure automatically by main frame, realize the control of offset press register control.
To one skilled in the art, clearly, the present invention can make multiple improvement and variation, if fall into appending claims and the scope that is equal in, these improvement of the present invention and variation are just contained in the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. automatic detection method for printed product four-color register partial difference, it is characterized in that: by CCD camera collection register mark image, and send computer to, the register mark image is handled and is selected automatically the alignment color references by computer, calculate the offset distance of other three kinds of color mark relative datum looks, specifically may further comprise the steps at axial and circumferential:
1) preliminary treatment register mark image;
To computer input register mark image S11, adopt coloured image vector median filter method to carry out filtering, obtain filtered coloured image IA, coloured image is adopted cut apart target label and image background in the following method then:
I) at all pixels among the view picture coloured image IA, image I A is converted into gray level image IB, method for transformation is: the red, green, blue gray value of the pixel among the gray level image IB equates, and equals the sum average value of the red, green, blue gray value of respective pixel among the image I A;
Ii) at all pixels among the gray level image IB, image I B is converted into split image IC, dividing method is: whether judge grey scale pixel value among the gray level image IB greater than preset threshold TM, TM is positioned in the interval [60,200], if set up greater than relation, then be the background pixel among the image I C, be set to white, if be false greater than relation, then be the target label pixel among the image I C, be set to black;
Iii) image I C is carried out area filtering, the pseudo-object pixel of filtering obtains filtered image I D; Adopt the method for point by point search, seek each isolated black picture element group that distributes among the image I C, and write down the black picture element number of each black picture element group, if the black picture element number of this black picture element group is greater than preset threshold, it then is the target label pixel, otherwise be pseudo-target label pixel, be set to white;
Iv) color of image recovers: the color value of the black objects marked pixels among the image I D is set to the pixel color value of the corresponding position among the image I A, obtains pretreatment image;
2) the register mark image is carried out color separation;
Destination object in the register mark image is separated, be divided into four class pixels: density bullet pixel, cyan marked pixels, pinkish red marked pixels and yellow marked pixels, the red, green, blue gray value of representing pixel with R, G, B, AVR (R, G, B)=(R+G+B)/3, the division methods of employing is as follows:
The density bullet pixel will meet the following conditions simultaneously:
R-AVR(R，G，B)＜T
K1，
And G-AVR (R, G, B)＜T
K1,
And B-AVR (R, G, B)＜T
K1,
And T
K0-G＞0;
And T
K0-B＞0;
Wherein: R, G, B are the red, green, blue gray value of pixel, AVR (R, G B) are mean value after R, G, the B summation, promptly AVR (R, G, B)=(R+G+B)/3, T wherein
K1And T
K0Be the density bullet pixel extraction threshold value that is provided with, 13＜T
K1＜18,80＜T
K0＜100;
The cyan marked pixels will meet the following conditions simultaneously:
AVR(R，G，B)-R＞T
C0；
And G-AVR (R, G, B)＞T
C0
And B-AVR (R, G, B)＞T
C0
Wherein: T
C0For the cyan marked pixels that is provided with is extracted threshold value, 13＜T
C0＜18;
Pinkish red marked pixels will meet the following conditions simultaneously:
R-AVR(R，G，B)＞T
M0；
And R-G＞T
M1
And R＜T
M2
Wherein: T
M0, T
M1And T
M2For the pinkish red marked pixels that is provided with is extracted threshold value, 8＜T
M0＜13,13＜T
M1＜18,190＜T
M2＜210;
Yellow marked pixels will meet the following conditions simultaneously:
R-AVR(R，G，B)＞T
Y0；
And G-AVR (R, G, B)＞T
Y0
And AVR (R, G, B)-B＞T
Y0
Wherein: T
Y0For the yellow marked pixels that is provided with is extracted threshold value, 13＜T
Y0＜18;
According to the classification of pixel, identify density bullet in the image, cyan mark, product red marker and yellow mark;
3) mark after the color separation is carried out rim detection and location;
Extract the edge pixel of density bullet, cyan mark, product red marker and yellow mark in the image, black border pixel, cyan edge pixel, pinkish red edge pixel and yellow edge pixel are carried out fitting a straight line, determine edge line; With four straight lines of density bullet as benchmark, make the vertical line of other color mark straight line and nearest density bullet straight line, obtain the length of image perpendicular bisector section, obtaining cyan mark, product red marker, yellow mark is the axial and circumferential image registration deviate of benchmark with the density bullet, and unit is a pixel;
4) image is counter asks;
Axial, the circumferential anti-model of asking of image registration deviation substitution image that with the density bullet is cyan mark, product red marker and the yellow mark of benchmark, calculate axial, the circumferential register deviation of cyan mark, product red marker and the yellow mark of the relative black benchmark of object space;
The anti-model formation of asking of image is:
⊿W
X＝J*⊿X
⊿W
Y＝J*⊿Y
⊿ X is with ⊿ Y is respectively the register partial difference Zhi ， ⊿ W of object space axial and circumferential
XHe ⊿ W
YBe respectively the axial and circumferential image registration deviate in the image, J is an image mapping proportionality coefficient, is positioned in the interval [30,60], obtains by demarcating;
5) benchmark optimization is selected;
Current location P (I) and adjustable range [Min (I), Max (I)] according to offset press black, cyan, magenta and yellow registration mechanism, Min and Max represent least regulating amount and the maximal regulated amount that the registration mechanism adjustment need be satisfied, I=black, cyan, magenta or yellow, benchmark when selecting to regulate registration mechanism automatically, the method for employing is as follows:
I) for density bullet, adjusted position P=density bullet current location+density bullet the register partial difference, [Min (black) that judges whether P is positioned at, Max (black)] in the interval, if satisfy, then selecting black is benchmark, finish the benchmark option program, otherwise enter following step;
Ii) for the cyan mark, adjusted position P=cyan mark current location+cyan mark the register partial difference, [Min (cyan) that judges whether P is positioned at, Max (cyan)] in the interval, if satisfy, then selecting cyan is benchmark, finish the benchmark option program, otherwise enter following step;
Iii) for the product red marker, adjusted position P=product red marker current location+product red marker the register partial difference, [Min (magenta) that judges whether P is positioned at, Max (magenta)] in the interval, if satisfy, then selecting magenta is benchmark, finish the benchmark option program, otherwise enter following step;
Iv) for yellow mark, the yellow mark current location of adjusted position P=+yellow mark the register partial difference, [Min (yellow) that judges whether P is positioned at, Max (yellow)] in the interval, if satisfy, then selecting yellow is benchmark, finish the benchmark option program, otherwise enter following step;
V) selecting black is benchmark;
6) output register partial difference result of calculation.
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