CN101240662A - Inner binding outer cramping method architecture structural crack comprehensive processing method - Google Patents
Inner binding outer cramping method architecture structural crack comprehensive processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101240662A CN101240662A CNA2008100143743A CN200810014374A CN101240662A CN 101240662 A CN101240662 A CN 101240662A CN A2008100143743 A CNA2008100143743 A CN A2008100143743A CN 200810014374 A CN200810014374 A CN 200810014374A CN 101240662 A CN101240662 A CN 101240662A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a reinforcing method for treating the concrete and masonry structural crack, according to the concrete condition of the crack, a self-pressure crack processor or air compressor is adopted for assorting the pressure generated by equipments of a slurry storing pot and the like, the corresponding grouting material is pressed into the existing crack, after the hardening of the grouting agent the concrete or masonry at the two sides of the crack can be adhered from the inner side namely inner adhering; the high-technique materials of FRP board, sheet material, rod material and the like or the ordinary materials of reinforcing steel bar, steel plate and the like is selected for adhering across the crack or a groove is cut for anchoring, the concrete at the two sides of the crack is connected from the outside namely exterior cramping. The adopting of the method can thoroughly settle the problem of the building structural crack.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of buildings, relate in particular to the method for repairing and mending of architecture structural crack.
Background technology
In all kinds of construction works, concrete and building material are a kind of polynary, heterogeneous, heterogeneous composite materials, it simultaneously is again higher and the material that tensile strength is lower of modulus of elasticity, under the condition of being tied, be subjected to the effect of factors such as environment temperature, humidity, load, as long as a little contraction takes place, the tensile stress that produces tends to the tensile strength greater than concrete and building material, causes concrete and masonry that the crack takes place.The crack appears in building not only influences impression and normal the use, and bearing capacity, globality and the durability of structure are descended, and serious meeting causes building destruction, even caves in.On the other hand, also more and more higher to the requirement of construction quality along with the raising of people's residential level, psychological pressure and the spirit fear that the crack can increase people appears in building, and causes some quality complaint and economic disputes, causes many factors leading to social instability.Therefore, correctly handle concrete and masonry crack, improve and recover bearing capacity, globality and the durability of structure, have very important significance.
General method with reference to " concrete structure reinforcement technical specification " GB50367-2006 is repaired in the current architecture configuration crack, adopts chemical pressure grouting and surperficial sealing method to handle to concrete and brickwork crack.
Though above method can solve subproblem, adopt traditional surface sealing method to handle and then can only temporarily play sealing process, be difficult to the member stress state is exerted an influence, can not repair the crack; After adopting traditional pressure grouting to handle the crack of member, thereby this position annex of member still may cause cracking because of various factors produces bigger tensile stress, because: a. crack is normally dynamic.The crack width of building normally changes with the variation of temperature, humidity, mode of occupation.In general, crack width is narrow slightly in summer, and winter is wide slightly.B. the existence of the influence of grouting quality and microcrack.Grouting can not guarantee to be full of grouting liquid fully in the crack, and the hygroscopicity of concrete material itself can sop up part and make the slurries that originally have been full of, causes local grouting leakiness; The microcrack of crack end is difficult to pour into slurries, still is weakness zone.C. stress is concentrated near the crack.The existence in crack makes crack surrounding concrete or masonry stressed complicated more, and stress concentrates situation more obvious.Calculating shows that even carried out pressure grouting, the problem that concrete or masonry crack ambient stress are concentrated is still very outstanding.D. the factor that causes ftractureing may still exist.In the use behind the structure member crevices enforcement pressure grouting, because the influence of various factors such as variations in temperature, the stress level of component inside still might cause member to ftracture once more greater than the tensile strength at other position of member.In a word, the situation that ftractures again in the crack after above method is handled is a lot, is difficult to thoroughly handle crack problem.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to deficiency of the prior art and proposed a kind of inner binding outer cramping method architecture structural crack comprehensive treatment technique, its collection internal pressure grouting, surface are sewed up and are combined with local reinforcement, the advantage that integrates internal pressure grouting, surface sealing and local reinforcement, not only handled the crack that has occurred effectively, and can be in case be loyal to possible trouble, strengthen to occur the position in crack effectively, improve the anti-crack ability of member.
This programme is realized by following technical measures: sticking material bonding was sticking promptly in it comprised the steps: at first the inside of architecture structural crack to be adopted, and externally adopted the promptly outer curium of curium seam material drawknot then.
This technical know-how is calculated with engineering practice and shown: inner binding outer cramping method is handled the crack giving consideration to both the exterior and interior, the crack internal bond, and both sides, crack concrete (masonry) material is by interior sticking material transfer pulling force and shearing; The component surface drawknot, outer curium material has been born a part of stressed, reduced the stress state of member itself, reduced near the stress concentration phenomenon of the concrete (masonry) in crack, make the stress of each material of crack location be tending towards reasonable, avoided the crack to repair the phenomenon of back secondary cracking, the globality of member, durability have all obtained reinforcement, thereby have thoroughly solved this persistent ailment of crack.
Concrete characteristics of the present invention also have, sticking being meant before handling the crack carried out the crack condition survey in described, then according to the concrete condition in crack, adopt self-pressing crack treating device (utility model patent, patent No. ZL 200620086671.5), interior sticking material is injected the crack, the concrete or the masonry of two side, crack can be bondd internally behind the interior sticking hardened material.
Interior sticking implementation method: 1, fracture faces cleaning; 2, paste grout nipple and sealing crack; 3, interior sticking material configuration and inspection; 4, use self-pressing crack treating device to inject interior sticking material.
Described fracture faces cleaning is to remove distress in concrete surface plastering layer, laitance, foreign material, greasy dirt etc., exposes clean concrete surface.
Described stickup grout nipple and sealing crack are meant that grout nipple is by the fracture strike setting, spacing 200～500mm, be located at crosspoint, crack, crack broad place and the position apart from about the 100mm of end in principle, the grout nipple spacing can be bigger when crack width was big, a crack width hour grout nipple spacing should reduce, every lacinia is stitched to two grout nipples is set less, as advancing slurry, exhaust or slurry outlet nozzle, and standby each other.To the interior sticking enforcement of cast-in-place plank split, grout nipple can be located at the bottom of the plate or the plate top, and the grout nipple position of concrete beam can be located at beam sides and bottom surface, and all the other surface of positions of crack all should use joint seal glue to be sealed.After the joint seal adhesive curing, the joint seal obturation effect is checked in the leak test of should calming the anger test, observes connection situation between the grout nipple.If still stuffiness of grout nipple illustrated that then this position is not communicated with other grout nipples when air pressure reached 0.2MPa in the grout nipple, should bury grout nipple again underground, and reduce the spacing of grout nipple.
Described outer curium is after interior sticking material cured, adopts outer curium material that the concrete or the masonry of two side, crack are coupled together from the outside.
Described outer curium comprises surperficial mounting method and tick slot build-in method.
Described surperficial mounting method comprises base treatment, brushing primer, levelling, stickup.
Described tick slot build-in method comprises tick slot, brushing adhesive glue, build-in.
Described outer curium adopts fibre reinforced composites (Fibre-Reinforced Polymers, be called for short FRP), comprise carbon fiber Carbon Fibre-Reinforced Polymers, be called for short CFRP, aramid fiber Aramid Fibre-Reinforced Polymers, be called for short AFRP and glass fiber GlassFibre-Reinforced Polymers, be called for short GFRP.
Inner binding outer cramping method is handled the advantage in crack
After sticking method is handled the crack of member a part in only adopting, position, former crack no doubt can be enhanced, but owing to extraneous factors such as the residing environment of member generally can not change, thereby this position annex of member still may cause cracking because of various factors produces bigger tensile stress.The inner binding outer cramping method architecture structural crack comprehensive treatment technique can improve the ability of member opposing cracking, reduces the possibility of member at other position cracking.Similar when gluing stressed size of material and variation tendency in from finite element analysis as can be seen, the masonry cross section reaches and not carrying out the surface stitching.Because FRP is stressed, alleviated member itself and interior situation of gluing the inside and outside discontinuity of material when not implementing the fracture faces stitching preferably, to glue material internal stress in component surface stress reaches and reduce, stress is improved.Simultaneously the FRP material shared a part of script member and in the pulling force that bears of sticking material require, alleviated preferably in only carrying out concrete when sticking and in the situation of the inside and outside discontinuity of sticking material.After implementing outer curium method, member is inside and outside stressed more even, and stress is improved, and it is simultaneously also stressed to mend material outward with cramps, shared a part of script concrete and in the pulling force that bears of sticking material require.Calculating shows that the component inside major principal stress reduces by 30.6%, and the major principal stress of interior sticking material reduces amplitude 41.7%, mends material outward with cramps and has brought into play the high advantage of its tensile strength preferably, and inner binding outer cramping method has been handled the location of cracks of member weakness effectively.The enforcement of inner binding outer cramping method architecture structural crack comprehensive treatment technique, both sides, crack building material is by interior sticking material transfer pulling force and shearing; The component surface local stiffening, outer curium material has been born a part of stressed, reduced the stress state of member itself, reduced near the stress concentration phenomenon of the masonry in crack, the globality of member, durability have all obtained reinforcement, have not only handled the crack that has occurred effectively, but also can prevent trouble before it happens, strengthen to occur the position in crack effectively, improve the anti-crack ability of member.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done to describe in further detail.
Build-in FRP lath is handled the concrete component schematic diagram in Fig. 1 inner binding outer cramping method; Fig. 2 is an A-A view among Fig. 1; Fig. 3 inner binding outer cramping method pastes FRP cloth at home and abroad and handles the concrete component schematic diagram; Fig. 4 is a B-B view among Fig. 3; Build-in FRP plate, muscle are handled the masonry component schematic diagram in Fig. 5 inner binding outer cramping method; Fig. 6 is a C-C view among Fig. 5; Fig. 7 inner binding outer cramping method pastes FRP cloth at home and abroad and handles the masonry component schematic diagram; Fig. 8 is a D-D view among Fig. 7; Fig. 9 is 1/8 unit calculation diagram and masonry, FRP Gridding subdivision; Figure 10 is the E-E view of Fig. 9; Figure 11 handles the member sketch for inner binding outer cramping method; Figure 12 outwards mends FRP cloth schematic diagram with cramps for E-E among Figure 11; Figure 13 outwards mends FRP lath schematic diagram with cramps for F-F among Figure 11; Figure 14 is outer curium FRP plate computation model schematic diagram; Figure 15 is the self-pressing crack treating device structural representation.Among the figure, 1, the crack, 2, the FRP lath, 3, means for mounting coupling parts glue, 4, concrete component, 5, FRP cloth, plate, 6, FRP plate, muscle, 7, outer obedient FRP cloth, 8, the grouting resin, 9, FRP curium seam, 11, the counter-force lid, 12, spring, 13, piston, 14, piston guide rod, 15, slurry storing tank, 16, notch, 17, limiting tooth, 18, connector, 19, plug, 20, base, 21, the glue hole of overflowing, 22, concrete component, 23, pending crack, 24, the I cross section, 25, II cross section, 26, III cross section, 27, the IV cross section, L, anchorage length.
The specific embodiment
The implementation method of gluing as shown in figure 15: 1, fracture faces cleaning; 2, paste grout nipple and sealing crack; 3, interior sticking material configuration and inspection; 4, use self-pressing crack treating device to inject interior sticking material.
Described fracture faces cleaning is to remove distress in concrete surface plastering layer, laitance, foreign material, greasy dirt etc., exposes clean concrete surface.
Described stickup grout nipple and sealing crack are meant that grout nipple is by the fracture strike setting, spacing 200～500mm, be located at crosspoint, crack, crack broad place and the position apart from about the 100mm of end in principle, the grout nipple spacing can be bigger when crack width was big, a crack width hour grout nipple spacing should reduce, every lacinia is stitched to two grout nipples is set less, as advancing slurry, exhaust or slurry outlet nozzle, and standby each other.To the interior sticking enforcement of cast-in-place plank split, grout nipple can be located at the bottom of the plate or the plate top, and the grout nipple position of concrete beam can be located at beam sides and bottom surface, and all the other surface of positions of crack all should use joint seal glue to be sealed.After the joint seal adhesive curing, the joint seal obturation effect is checked in the leak test of should calming the anger test, observes connection situation between the grout nipple.If still stuffiness of grout nipple illustrated that then this position is not communicated with other grout nipples when air pressure reached 0.2MPa in the grout nipple, should bury grout nipple again underground, and reduce the spacing of grout nipple.
Sticking material should dispose behind conditions being possessed in sticking material configuration and inspection were meant in described, the viscosity of sticking material in checking before the interior sticking enforcement, and do not have heating, stickiness should be able to guarantee to pour in the seam smoothly.
Sticking material was meant self-pressing crack treating device connector 18 is extended grouting liquid in described use self-pressing crack treating device injected, and pulled out piston guide rod 14, sticking material in sucking, and rotary-piston guide rod 14 is stuck on the counter-force lid 11 limiting tooth 17, blocks spring 12.In place and the interior sticking enforcement of automatic pressure crack treating device should be by principle in place in proper order from top to bottom.Self-pressing crack treating device connector 18 is screwed in the base 20 that is in the milk, and the screw-in dynamics is moderate, in conjunction with closely being advisable, base 20 is come off to guarantee both, and sticking material overflowed from the grouting mouth in too Song Zeyi made.Rotary-piston guide rod 14 makes limiting tooth 17 cover 11 notches by counter-force smoothly, sticking material in beginning to inject.The interior sticking self-pressing crack treating device (utility model patent of implementing to adopt, patent No. ZL 2,006 2 0086671.5) carry out, " self-pressing crack treating device " is to carry out the novel facility of pocket that automatic grouting injects to the concrete microscopic checks, rely on contained spring can produce the pressure that is not less than 0.2MPa, utilize pressure and capillarity that interior sticking material is injected microscopic checks, have and be easy to the advantage controlling injection rate and can be injected into the deep, crack.
In one of following sign person appears in the sticking method implementation process, show that all the crack fills with slurries in this position, place, can change next grout nipple over to, in the whole piece crack is full of, glue material:
A. under the pressure effect if the top grout nipple have in sticking material flow out, the grout nipple of timely jam-pack top spillage, keep former operating pressure 1～2min after; B. ought remain in and not see in slurries in the self-pressing crack treating device (these slurries must not generate heat, the retrogradation) 5min and pour into, or inhale the slurry rate less than 0.05L/min.
Quality control: use plug and block offside, should check before each encapsulating whether tightness and glueing channel unobstructed, injection rate from fast to slow, if spillage, the rotary-piston guide rod 14 immediately, make limiting tooth 17 be stuck in counter-force and cover, to reduce the pressure in the crack.
Sticking material was 55g in self-pressing crack treating device once can be adorned, and effectively injection rate 45g can continue to replenish when once injecting deficiency.After sticking enforcement finished in this position, rotary-piston guide rod 14 was stuck on the counter-force lid 11 limiting tooth 17, screws off self-pressing crack treating device.
Carry out the operation of next grout nipple.
The interior sticking back cleaning self-pressing crack treating device of implementing to finish.In sticking enforcement should under 5 ℃～35 ℃ the temperature, relative humidity is no more than under 70% the environment and carries out.If temperature is lower than 5 ℃, should use the special glue kind that adapts to low temperature or take other treatment measures of heating, be lower than 5 ℃ for a long time as temperature, should stop to implement.When rainy day and possibility dewfall, should stop to implement.
Outer curium implementation method
After gluing material cured in shown in Fig. 1～8, adopt fibre reinforced composites (Fibre-Reinforced Polymers, be called for short FRP, comprise carbon fiber CarbonFibre-Reinforced Polymers, be called for short CFRP, aramid fiber AramidFibre-Reinforced Polymers, be called for short AFRP and glass fiber Glass Fibre-ReinforcedPolymers, be called for short GFRP) carry out surface and sew up---mend with cramps outward.
(1) fibre reinforced composites (FRP) (Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 7, Fig. 8) are pasted on the surface
The reinforcing that FRP is applicable to concrete and masonry is pasted on the surface, mainly contains operations such as base treatment, brushing primer, levelling, stickup:
Base treatment: polish control line in the paste position ejection, polish the control range length direction and should increase 50mm than the every limit of stickup scope, width increases 30mm than the every limit of stickup scope and is advisable, with Plane surface grinding machine surface of concrete structure is polished flat, remove laitance, expose stone, blow off dust with compressed air, as component surface greasy dirt is arranged, wiped clean such as available acetone.
Brushing primer: accurately eject the stickup control line by paste position, in the basic unit that handles well, evenly brush one primer, treat that primer solidifies.
Levelling: if the out-of-flatness of the face of stickup is tamped levelling with levelling glue with the hollow place, levelling glue not large tracts of land is smeared, and exceeds with levelling, and smearing thickness should approach.
Paste: evenly brushing is pasted glue together in basic unit, completely paste one to three layer of FRP (cloth or plate) along fracture faces vertical fracture direction, and assurance FRP is in the anchorage length of both sides, crack, scrape repeatedly by same direction to both sides from the centre with hairbrush and offset plate or rubber-surfaced roll and to be depressed into glue and to leach the surface, extrude bubble, make FRP steel plate alive and basic unit paste closely knit.
(2) tick slot build-in fibre reinforced composites (FRP) (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 5, Fig. 6)
Tick slot build-in method is applicable to masonry and concrete component, mainly comprises operations such as tick slot, brushing adhesive glue, build-in.
Tick slot
The vertical fracture direction is cut groove, can cut groove at body of wall mortar joint place every three skin bricks for masonry component, cuts groove depth 30mm, cuts groove depth 10～20mm and does not injure member outermost layer reinforcing bar for concrete component, and well width is FRP lath thickness+2mm.
The brushing adhesive glue
Remove loose particles and dust in the groove, with brushing adhesive glue in the groove, adhesive glue is advisable to be full of trench bottom 1/2.
Use acetone that the FRP lath is cleaned, remove degreasing, in FRP lath embedded groove.If necessary, can adopt nose key etc. temporary fixed.
The FRP lath is bigger than FRP cloth sectional area, the intensity height, and lath embeds inside concrete, and bonding area is big, and is little with extraneous contact surface, can prevent that the sharp objects bump from causing the FRP fracture, and the fire resistance property specific surface of member is pasted FRP also raising.
Tradition pressure grouting and inner binding outer cramping method architecture structural crack comprehensive treatment technique implementation result are analyzed.
One, traditional pressure grouting and inner binding outer cramping method are handled the finite element analysis in masonry crack.
1, problem description.Masonry is of a size of length * height * thick=1350 * 580 * 240mm, and there is a crack at the middle part of length direction, uses inner binding outer cramping method to carry out crack treatment.Crack internal pressure cement grouting, masonry two relative side are pasted various types of materials and are mended seam with cramps.Member is subjected to axial tension P=70kN.The parameter of the modulus of elasticity (MPa) of the relevant material of (accompanying drawing 3, accompanying drawing 4) table 2.1
| Brick | Mortar | The FRP lath | Glass fabric GFRP | Aryl fiber cloth AFRP | Carbon cloth CFRP |
| 3000 | 2000 | 2.0×10 5 | 7.0×10 4 | 1.2×10 5 | 2.2×10 5 |
Masonry, mortar and FRP lath adopt ginseng unit such as eight nodes, and cloth such as carbon fiber adopt shell unit, grid 5 * 5 * 5mm.For reducing finite element grid and equivalent matrix, save the Computing resource, accelerate computational speed, along 2,3,4 three situations that direction is all symmetrical among the figure, in calculating, taked Unit 1/8 at masonry.Compaction rate to the masonry perps in the site operation does not require, so in calculating, except that place, crack cement paste part, the masonry perps does not transmit power.(calculation diagram is seen accompanying drawing 5)
2, force analysis contrast.
(1) traditional pressure grouting force analysis.
After adopting traditional pressure grouting to handle, the approach that masonry transmits horizontal force is: stretcher → horizontal mortar → header → horizontal mortar → stretcher, wherein every block of stretcher all is subjected to horizontal pull, the header adjacent with the stretcher perps is subjected to horizontal pull, the effect of perps is very little, can ignore, not adjacent with stretcher header is stressed hardly.Near the stretcher perps horizontal mortar mortar joint has almost been born all tension, stress raisers in addition, and under the horizontal pull of 70kN (about 0.5MPa), major principal stress can reach 12.39MPa.Consider that in actual engineering because the influence of top normal stress is arranged, the principal tensile stress of masonry mortar is born jointly by shearing force and frictional force.But the reason that bigger main stress bar causes masonry to ftracture in stretcher perps position easily just.
(2) adopt inner binding outer cramping method to handle the back force analysis.
After pasting carbon fiber, the about 100MPa of the average major principal stress of carbon fiber, but stress distribution is extremely inhomogeneous throughout.At stretcher perps place, local major principal stress reaches 2541MPa, near the tensile strength of carbon fiber, and the position of cement grouting, distribution of principal stress on average can reach 300MPa.Behind outer sticking fibrous material or the build-in FRP lath, stressed very little header is stressed because of the power transmission of FRP originally for a part, has improved the situation of header, stretcher unbalance stress in the masonry.When taking inner binding outer cramping method to carry out the masonry reinforcing, should the perps place repairing in the curium seam material ranges is closely knit, make it to transmit horizontal force, can reduce to mend with cramps the situation of seam material discontinuity whereby.
Fibrous material and the stressed maximum of FRP lath be in interior sticking material position, and in other perps position.Behind the crack grouting cement paste, be subjected under the horizontal pull effect main stress bar more even.
Have when changing in a big way bear the big or masonry crack of pulling force when masonry, but should note the effective adhesive that has of build-in material and former masonry.The major principal stress of masonry is 5.086MPa in this example, and the situation than paste on FRP cloth surface has significantly to reduce.
Two, traditional pressure grouting and inner binding outer cramping method are handled the distress in concrete finite element analysis.
1, problem description.Concrete component is of a size of 100 * 100 * 200mm, and there is a crack at the middle part of short transverse, and crack width 1mm uses inner binding outer cramping method to carry out crack treatment.Crack internal pressure grouting, the concrete component two relative side is pasted various types of materials and is mended seam with cramps.Concrete component is subjected to axial tension P=30kN.The elastic force balance state is only considered in this analysis, and the various strengths of materials all satisfy requirement for bearing capacity, no longer considers strength of materials influence.(accompanying drawing 6, accompanying drawing 7)
The parameter of the modulus of elasticity (MPa) of the relevant material of table 2.2
| Concrete | Interior sticking material | Carbon fiber | The FRP lath |
| 3.0×10 4 | 1.0×10 5 | 2.2×10 5 | 2.0×10 5 |
Concrete, interior sticking material and FRP lath adopt ginseng unit such as eight nodes, and cloth such as carbon fiber adopt shell unit, grid 5 * 5 * 5mm.
2, force analysis contrast.
(1) finite element analysis during traditional pressure grouting.
Finite element analysis shows that the similar conic section of the stressed size of concrete section distributes, and is inner stressed less, and stressed change gradually is big at concrete edge.Be that near the concrete stress of fracture faces is greater than mean stress.Equally, the also similar conic section of the stress intensity of interior sticking material distributes, and it is inner stressed less, and is stressed bigger near fracture faces.Comparatively speaking, more outstanding in the sticking material in this inhomogeneities is reflected at, surperficial maximum value exceeds 16.3% approximately than average.On this basis that just requires to paste, set up outer curium measure, to reduce the peak stress and the inhomogeneities of sticking material in concrete and the inside, crack on the surface.
(2) adopt inner binding outer cramping method to handle the back force analysis.
Computational analysis shows, and is similar when gluing stressed size of material and variation tendency in concrete section reaches and not carrying out the surface stitching.Because it is stressed that carbon fiber participates in, alleviated the situation of the inside and outside discontinuity of sticking material in concrete reaches when not implementing the fracture faces stitching preferably, concrete surface stress reaches interior sticking material internal stress and reduces, and stress is improved.Carbon fiber the most about stressed 22.6MPa has shared the pulling force that a part of script concrete and interior sticking material require bear simultaneously.The inside concrete major principal stress is reduced to 2.98MPa by 3.05MPa, and the major principal stress of interior sticking material is reduced to 2.93MPa by 3.42MPa, reduction amplitude 14.1%, and effect is obvious.
(3) finite element analysis of outer embedding FRP plate is used in sticking back in.
Similar when gluing stressed size of material and variation tendency in from the graph as can be seen, concrete section reaches and not carrying out the surface stitching.Because it is stressed that FRP participates in, alleviated the situation of the inside and outside discontinuity of sticking material in concrete reaches when not implementing the fracture faces stitching preferably, concrete surface stress reaches interior sticking material internal stress and reduces, and stress is improved.FRP the most about stressed 18.44MPa has shared the pulling force that a part of script concrete and interior sticking material require bear simultaneously.The inside concrete major principal stress is reduced to 2.63MPa by 3.05MPa, and the major principal stress of interior sticking material is reduced to 2.61MPa by 3.42MPa, reduction amplitude 27.5%, and effect is obvious.Table 2.3 concrete, interior sticking material and the average major principal stress of fibrous material
Three, inner binding outer cramping method experimental study.
After this test increased outer curium material to test specimen, the degree that the cracking resistance load improves was simulated.Owing to glue after the method in implementing, the intensity of sticking material is much larger than concrete intensity in the crack location, after so interior sticking method is implemented, member bears under the effect of original cracking load, other position beyond should be in position, former crack, cracking position, the experimental study that outer curium material improves the member anti-crack ability has only been carried out in the influence in sticking crack in this test has been ignored.
1, member is prepared.This takes different outer curium modes respectively after testing prefabricated test specimen maintenance 28d: 1# contrasts test specimen, does not take outer curium mode; 2# test specimen two relative side is respectively pasted the wide carbon fiber of 100mm; 3# test specimen two relative side is respectively pasted the wide glass fiber of 100mm; The 4# two relative side is respectively pasted two of 10 * 0.8mmFRP laths, and 2～4# test specimen, two side concrete does not in addition all deal with.Because the axial tension under the perfect condition is difficult to realize, respectively paste a slice foil gauge in each test specimen side, measure test specimen concrete and fibrous material opposite flank actual measurement strain value under load actions at different levels, and in addition average, the influence of off-centre when eliminating the test specimen tension.Relevant material parameter sees Table 2.4.
Table 2.4 test specimen and the outer curium strength of materials (MPa)
| Concrete strength | Tensile reinforcement | Carbon fiber | Glass fiber | FRP | ||
| | C20 | 6 | 100mm * 2 | 100mm * 2 | 10 * 0.84mm * 4 | |
| Parameter | f tk＝1.54 | f y＝235 | f＝3500 | f＝1500 | f＝3000 |
2, test method.Using the anchor bar at 600kN universal testing machine tensile test specimen two ends, is 50kN with the proof load value, measures the strain value of each side respectively under 0.4,0.8,1.0,1.2 times of proof load value.1.2 doubly every grade of load increases by 0.1 times of proof load value after the proof load value, destroys until test specimen.
In the actual tests process, unguyed test specimen ftractures when 55kN, and the crack increases to rapidly more than the 2.5mm, off-test.All the other implement the test specimen loading of outer curium method to 70kN, cracking phenomena does not appear in the test specimen middle part, the failure mode of implementing outer curium method test specimen is the fastening destruction of both sides reinforcing bar, and the crack does not appear in concrete middle part during destruction, and this test rupture load is also much larger than the cracking load of unguyed test specimen.
Table 2.5 test specimen side middle part concrete and the strain (μ ε) of fibrous material under load actions at different levels
Table 2.6 test specimen destroys information slip
3, test result analysis.
(1) from concrete material and the strain stress relation that mends outward fibrous material with cramps, distortion is close.Beyond mend material with cramps modulus of elasticity determined it to share the size of external load action.Under identical load action, along with the raising of outer curium elasticity modulus of materials, corresponding concrete and outer curium distortion of materials can slightly reduce.This result of the test conforms to The results.
(2) consider under the constant situation of concrete ultimate tensile strength, load when implementing member after the outer curium method and reaching the concrete ultimate tensile strength increases, cracking load all have can be in various degree raising, its increase degree increases with the increase of the modulus of elasticity of outer curium material.This result of the test conforms to The results.
(3) in the use engineering in structure member crevices is implemented after the sticking method, because the influence of serviceability temperature various factors, the stress level of component inside still might cause member to ftracture once more greater than the tensile strength at other position of member.Outer curium material has not only carried out reinforcement to microcrack sticking in original can not the carrying out, and other position of member is also strengthened, and inner binding outer cramping method has been handled structural cracks comparatively up hill and dale.
Choosing of interior sticking material.
1, the principle of interior sticking material selection.
A. viscosity is less, can enter in the crack under certain pressure; B. can solidify under the normal temperature condition, have certain operable time before the curing; C. cured strength should not be lower than concrete or the building material that is reinforced.
2, Chang Yong interior sticking material.
(1) sticking material (a class) in the cement.
The general ordinary Portland cement that adopts, water is mixed high efficiency water reducing agent from than 0.5, carries with mud jacking jar or mortar pump and all can.It can be used for the repairing of crack width when big.This cement paste material technology is simple, is convenient to supply, and just setting time is slow slightly.
(2) sticking material (b class) in the cement-sodium silicate.
Should interior main component of gluing material be: water glass: modulus (M) 2.4～2.6, proportion 1.32～1.38; Cement paste: ordinary Portland cement preparation, water/binder ratio 0.75～1; Retarding agent: phosphoric acid steel etc., consumption is 1%～3% of a cement weight; Setting accelerator: lime etc., available in case of necessity. mix by the proportioning that is no more than 15%.
(3) sticking material (c class) in the epoxy chaff ketone.
Sticking material is mixed by five kinds of components in the epoxy chaff ketone, and host is epoxy resin, furfural, and thinner is with acetone, dimethylbenzene, and curing compound is an ethylenediamine etc., and setting accelerator is phenol, resorcinol etc., and inserts can be with cement etc.Epoxy chaff ketone slurries after mixing and stirring are transparency liquids of pale brown look.Relative density is about 1.06, viscosity 10～20 * 10
-3Pas, hardening time 24～48 hours.Antigen intensity after solidifying is 50～80MPa, and tensile strength is 8～16MPa.With the cement mortar tension test specimen of having broken, make epoxy chaff ketone slurries with concrete bonding test for tensile strength, doing sticking intensity is 1.9～2.8MPa, is 1～2MPa during wet gluing.
(4) sticking material (d class) in the polyurethanes.
The component of polyurethane comprises five kinds of performed polymer, catalyzer, thinner, surfactant, emulsifier and retarding agent etc.Slurries are made into the back for the yellowish-brown transparency liquid, and relative density is about 1.5, viscosity about 9 * 10
-3Pas.Gu sand compressive strength (the three days length of time): the about 8MPa of maintenance in air, the about 6MPa of maintenance in the water.Adhesive tensile resistance intensity (maintenance is three days in air): do sticking wet sticking all about 1MPa.
(5) acrylamide, methyl acrylic ester slurries (e class).
Acrylamide slurry material claims " third coagulates " again, the viscosity of initial slurries only 1.2 * 10
-3Pas approaches the viscosity of water, can pour in particle diameter 0.01mm even the thinner soil layer.The slurries gelling time can be regulated in tens of minutes instantaneous, is suitable for quick water blockoff.But its intensity is extremely low, and the volume moisture expansion and drying shrinkage behind the gel changes greatly, is suitable for the leak stopping at long-term immersion position.
Methacrylate claims " first is coagulated " again, and the initial viscosity of slurries is lower than water, 0.7～1.0 * 10
-3Between the Pas, can pour into the microscopic checks of 0.05mm, compressive strength 70～100MPa, bonding tensile strength 1.2～2.2MPa.First is coagulated intensity height and heat-resisting, and first can be used for reinforced concrete with fixed attention.The scope of application of sticking material in the table 3.1
| Material category | a | b | c | d | e |
| The scope of application (crack width mm) | ＞1.0 | ＞0.3 | ＞0.15 | ＞0.1 | ＞0.01 |
3, prioritization scheme.
Viscosity was lower before sticking material (c class) solidified in the epoxy chaff ketone, and cured strength is higher, and is applied widely, workable, was material commonly used in this method implementation process.
Choosing of curium seam material
1, the principle of curium seam material selection
A. in the structure stress process, member pulling force greatly will be transferred on the curium seam material, and curium seam material should have advantages of higher tensile strength; B. higher modulus of elasticity can be born bigger pulling force under identical deformation condition; C. has the certain deformation ability.
2, curium seam material commonly used
Curium seam material can be chosen high-tech complex fiber material FRP material.
FRP has intensity height, in light weight, corrosion-resistant, construction advantage such as convenient, common FRP mainly comprises made cloth shape, tabular, club-shaped materials such as carbon fiber CFRP, glass fiber GFRP, aramid fiber AFRP, and supporting with it binding material generally is the resinae adhesive glue.According to result of the test, its anchorage length should not be less than 500mm.
The mechanical property of all kinds of outer curium materials of table 4.1
| Material | Glass fiber GFRP | Aramid fiber AFRP | Carbon fiber CFRP |
| Modulus of elasticity * 10 5MPa | 0.7 | 1.2 | 2.2 |
| Tensile strength MPa | 1000 | 2000 | 3000 |
| Elongation rate (%) | ＞2.8 | ＞2.0 | ＞1.5 |
Claims (10)
1, a kind of inner binding outer cramping method architecture structural crack integrated conduct method, sticking material bonding is sticking promptly in it is characterized in that at first the inside of architecture structural crack being adopted, and externally adopts the promptly outer curium of curium seam material drawknot then.
2, inner binding outer cramping method architecture structural crack integrated conduct method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described in sticking being meant before handling the crack carry out the crack condition survey, then according to the concrete condition in crack, adopt self-pressing crack treating device that interior sticking material is injected the crack, the inner two-side adhesive in crack can be got up behind the interior sticking hardened material.
3, inner binding outer cramping method architecture structural crack integrated conduct method according to claim 2 is characterized in that described interior sticking implementation method comprises the steps: 1. fracture faces cleaning; 2. paste grout nipple and sealing crack; 3. sticking material configuration and inspection in; 4. use self-pressing crack treating device to inject interior sticking material.
4, inner binding outer cramping method architecture structural crack integrated conduct method according to claim 3 is characterized in that described fracture faces cleaning is to remove distress in concrete surface plastering layer, laitance, foreign material, greasy dirt, exposes clean concrete surface.
5, inner binding outer cramping method architecture structural crack integrated conduct method according to claim 4 is characterized in that described stickup grout nipple and sealing crack are meant grout nipple by the fracture strike setting, spacing 200～500mm, and every lacinia is stitched to two grout nipples is set less.
6, inner binding outer cramping method architecture structural crack integrated conduct method according to claim 3 is characterized in that described outer curium is after interior sticking material cured, adopts outer curium material that the fracture faces both sides are coupled together.
7, inner binding outer cramping method architecture structural crack integrated conduct method according to claim 6 is characterized in that described outer curium comprises surperficial mounting method and tick slot build-in method.
8, inner binding outer cramping method architecture structural crack integrated conduct method according to claim 7 is characterized in that described surperficial mounting method comprises base treatment, brushing primer, levelling, stickup.
9, inner binding outer cramping method architecture structural crack integrated conduct method according to claim 7 is characterized in that described tick slot build-in method comprises tick slot, brushing adhesive glue, build-in.
10, inner binding outer cramping method architecture structural crack integrated conduct method according to claim 6 is characterized in that described outer curium material adopts fibre reinforced composites, specifically comprises carbon fiber or aramid fiber or glass fiber.
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