CN101227032A - Cable connectors and boards for connecting boards to cables - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cable connector for connecting a single board and a cable and a corresponding single board. An interface providing cable type identification information is arranged in the cable connector, and a corresponding identification and control mechanism is configured in the single board. The technical scheme of the invention enables the single board to automatically identify the required working mode and link impedance by acquiring the cable type identification information after the cable is connected to the single board, thereby performing corresponding setting and matching; Identification and manual operation reduce the complexity of on-site operation and eliminate hidden dangers such as impedance mismatch caused by operation errors.

Description

Cable connectors and boards for connecting boards to cables

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a cable connector for connecting a single board and a cable and a corresponding single board.

Background technique

In a communication system, in order to provide stronger working capability and flexibility of use, the single board needs to provide different working states and be able to connect with cables of different specifications. For example, for a single board that provides E1 and T1 transmission interfaces, its working chip supports two working modes of E1 and T1, and can be connected with three types of cables (120 ohms, 75 ohms, and 100 ohms). E1 and T1 links are important transmission links in the communication system, and their working reliability has an important impact on the normal operation of the entire system. Therefore, E1 and T1 links have strict requirements on the impedance matching Matching errors have a greater impact on transmission performance and bit error rates. Currently, there are E1 cables of 120 ohms and 75 ohms and T1 cables of 100 ohms. Usually, the following methods are used to identify the working mode of the chip and match the impedance of the transmission interface.

Referring to Figure 1, the board A1 is connected to the cable A2 through the docking of the board connector J1 and the cable connector J2; the sending channels of the E1/T1 chip on the board A1 are TX+ and TX-, and the receiving channels are RX+ and RX- , three resistors R1, R2 and R3 for impedance matching are respectively connected to the receiving channel, which are controlled by the dial switches K1, K2 and K3 respectively; the control module on the single board A1 through the microprocessor interface (MPI: Micro Processor Interface) is connected to the E1/T1 chip, and the two pins of the control module are respectively controlled by the dial switches K4 and K5 to be grounded.

In actual use, according to the working mode (E1 or T1) that the board needs to support and the type of supporting cable (120 ohm, 75 ohm, 100 ohm) manually identified, manually switch the dial switches K1, K2, K3, K4 , K5 to the corresponding state. Among them, K4 and K5 are the working mode and cable type indicator switches of the E1/T1 chip, and the control module sets the working mode (E1 or T1) of the E1/T1 chip through the MPI interface according to the read status of the dial switches K4 and K5 and Corresponding internal output impedance matching registers of the chip, so as to realize the setting of the E1/T1 chip working mode and the matching of the impedance of the transmitting end and the cable; the impedance matching of the receiving end needs to be realized by the external resistance of the E1/T1 chip, assuming that R1 matches the 75 ohm cable , R2 matches the 120-ohm cable, and R3 matches the 100-ohm cable. When using a 75-ohm cable, turn the dial switch K1 to the on (ON) position, and turn the other two switches to the off (OFF) position at the same time. When using a 120-ohm cable, turn the dial switch K2 to the ON position, and at the same time turn the other two to the OFF position, and when using a 100-ohm cable, turn the dial switch K3 to the ON position. Turn on (ON) position, and turn the other two to off (OFF) position at the same time.

In this way, on-site personnel are required to identify the cable type and the working mode of the board, and manually turn the DIP switch to the corresponding position, which increases the complexity of on-site operations and is prone to errors; and the manual operation of the DIP switch is not reliable. , easy to fail, causing failures such as chip working mode mismatch and impedance mismatch, resulting in high transmission bit error rate and difficult positioning.

Contents of the invention

Embodiments of the present invention provide a cable connector for connecting single boards and cables and corresponding single boards, which can support automatic identification of the cable type connected to the single board, and automatic configuration of the working mode and impedance matching of the single board.

A cable connector for connecting a single board and a cable, comprising: a cable interface for connecting a cable; a first docking interface including a first working interface and a first identification interface; the first working interface is used for connecting the The cable interface is externally connected to the single board; the first identification interface is used to provide cable type identification information to the single board.

A single board, comprising: a control module with an identification channel for obtaining cable type identification information through the identification channel, and outputting a mode control signal and an impedance control signal according to the cable type identification information; a working chip with the The signal channel connected to the control module, as well as the sending and receiving channel; used to obtain the mode control signal through the signal channel, and adjust to the corresponding working mode according to the mode control signal; the impedance matching module has the function of connecting with the control module The connected control channel is used to obtain the impedance control signal through the control channel, and connect the adapted resistance to the receiving channel of the working chip according to the impedance control signal.

The embodiment of the present invention adopts the scheme that an interface providing cable type identification information is provided in the connector, and a corresponding identification and control mechanism is configured in the single board; after the cable is connected to the single board, the single board can pass the identification information of the cable type Acquire the working mode and link impedance required for automatic identification, so as to set and match accordingly; avoid manual identification and manual operation of on-site personnel, reduce the complexity of on-site operation, and eliminate the impedance difference caused by operation errors hidden dangers such as matching.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an existing matching method between a single board and a cable;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of a cable connector according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of several specific structures of the first identification interface of the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a basic logical structure of a single board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a specific logical structure of the control module of the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another specific logical structure of the control module of the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a specific logical structure of a single board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

8 is a schematic diagram of a specific connection between a single board and a cable connector according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a corresponding relationship between an identification interface state and a cable type according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The embodiment of the present invention provides a cable connector for connecting a single board and a cable and a corresponding single board, an interface providing cable type identification information is provided in the cable connector, and a corresponding identification and control mechanism is configured in the single board. Each will be described in detail below.

Refer to FIG. 2 for the basic structure of the cable connector used to connect the single board and the cable in the embodiment of the present invention. The cable is connected to the single board through the docking of the cable connector J11 and the adapted single board connector J12.

The cable connector J11 provides the connection from the cable to the board connector J12, including a cable interface 101 and a first docking interface 102 for connecting cables; the first docking interface 102 includes a first working interface a1 and a first identification interface b1; The first working interface a1 is used to connect the cable interface 101 to the outside; the first identification interface b1 is used to provide cable type identification information.

The single-board connector J12 is adapted to the cable connector J11, and can be divided into corresponding interfaces, that is, it includes the second docking interface 103 and the single-board interface 104; the second docking interface 103 includes the second working interface a2 and the second identification interface b2 , are respectively used for adaptive connection with the first working interface a1 and the first identification interface b1 of the first docking interface 102; The working interface a2 and the second identification interface b2 are connected to the single board.

The cable interface 101 and the first working interface a1 in the cable connector J11, and the second working interface a2 and the third working interface a3 in the single-board connector J12 can be designed in accordance with common interface methods. The first identification interface b1 can be an additional interface, or can be used as an unused pin in the current interface. According to the way and type of cable type identification information it provides, one or more pins can be used. Corresponding It only needs that the second identification interface b2 and the third identification interface b3 can be adapted to the first identification interface b1, and their function is to connect the first identification interface b1 to the single board.

The first identification interface can provide cable type identification information in a digital or analog manner:

An optional simple digital method is that a pin is provided by the first identification interface, and the pin is connected to a readable static storage unit, in which the cable type identification information is stored, and the single board reads the static memory unit through the connection of the connector. The storage unit acquires corresponding cable type identification information.

An optional simple simulation method is that one or more pins are provided by the first identification interface, and the cable type identification information is provided through the connection status of these pins. The board is respectively connected to these pins through the connector, and the basic pull-up or pull-down level can be provided in the board. Based on the different connection states of these pins, the board can read different level signals on the corresponding lines. , so as to obtain the corresponding cable type identification information.

The situation based on the E1/T1 cable provides the structure of the first specific identification interface below: with reference to Fig. 3 (for clarity, only the first identification interface of the cable connector J11 has been drawn in Fig. 3), including the first pin ST1 and the second pin ST2, the connection state of the two pins is selected from one of the following states: both ST1 and ST2 are grounded, both ST1 and ST2 are floating, ST1 is grounded and ST2 is floating, and ST1 is floating and ST2 is grounded. In this way, when the single board provides a pull-up level, the different connection states of ST1 and ST2 can provide four signals (consider high level as "1" and low level as "0"): 00, 11, 01 , 10. Three of these four signals may be selected as the cable type identification information of the following three cables: 75 ohm cable, 120 ohm cable, and 100 ohm cable. In this way, the single board can determine the type of the connected cable by reading the level of the line connected to ST1 and ST2.

The single board of the embodiment of the present invention corresponding to the above-mentioned cable connector is described below, and its basic logical structure refers to FIG. 4, including:

The control module 201 has an identification channel L1 for obtaining cable type identification information through the identification channel L1, and outputting a mode control signal and an impedance control signal according to the cable type identification information.

The working chip 202 has a signal channel L2 connected to the control module 201, as well as a sending channel L3 and a receiving channel L4; it is used to obtain the mode control signal provided by the control module 201 through the signal channel L2, and adjust to the corresponding working mode according to the mode control signal .

The impedance matching module 203 has a control channel L5 connected to the control module 201, and is used to obtain the impedance control signal provided by the control module 201 through the control channel L5, and connect the adapted resistance to the receiving channel of the working chip 202 according to the impedance control signal L4.

Further, in order to achieve remote query and modification of matching impedance and improve product maintainability, the control module 201 can also be used to report the identified cable type according to the cable type identification information. The control module can read the cable type identification information provided by the identification channel L1 at regular intervals or when the line level of the identification channel L1 changes, and report it to the background through the software, so that the cable type can be queried in the background, and can be used remotely. Terminal operation, change the output of the mode control signal and impedance control signal through software to realize remote modification of the value of impedance matching.

The working chip 202 in this embodiment may adopt an existing chip type, such as an existing E1/T1 chip. The realization of control module 201 can adopt two ways:

One is to expand the function based on the existing control module, increase its connection with the identification channel L1 and control channel L5, and configure the corresponding identification and control logic.

The second is to add a new module on the basis of the existing control module to realize mode control and impedance matching control respectively. In this case, the control module can specifically adopt the following two structures:

① Referring to FIG. 5 , it includes a mode control module 2011 and an impedance control module 2012 . The mode control module 2011 completes the functions of the existing control module, and is used to obtain the cable type identification information through the identification channel L1, and output the mode control signal according to the cable type identification information. The impedance control module 2012 is configured to obtain cable type identification information through the identification channel L1, and output an impedance control signal according to the cable type identification information. Under this structure, if the cable type identification information transmitted by the identification channel L1 and the impedance control signal transmitted by the control channel L5 can be represented by simple level changes, the impedance control module 2012 can be designed as a simple electronic circuit structure without logic chip support.

② Referring to FIG. 6 , it includes a mode control module 2013 and an impedance control module 2014 . The mode control module 2013 is configured to obtain cable type identification information through the identification channel L1, and output a mode control signal and a resistance value selection signal according to the cable type identification information. The impedance control module 2014 is configured to output an impedance control signal according to the resistance selection signal output by the mode control module 2013 .

Corresponding to the cable connector in the foregoing embodiments, the sending channel L3 and the receiving channel L4 of the board in this embodiment are connected to the working interface of the cable connector, and the identification channel L1 is connected to the identification interface of the cable connector. Based on the specific identification interface structure provided by the cable connector, the identification channel L1 can be a data line for reading static storage units, or it can be one or more lines. The control module 201 obtains the cable through the level on these lines. Type identification information.

A specific identification channel structure and the corresponding control module control method are given below. At this time, the cable connector adopts the structure based on Figure 3, the working chip adopts the E1/T1 chip, and the signal between the control module and the E1/T1 chip Channel L2 adopts MPI interface, the sending channel is TX+ and TX-, and the receiving channel is RX+ and RX-. Referring to FIG. 7 , the identification channel includes a first line L11 and a second line L12 , and the single board provides a pull-up level VC of the two lines through pull-up resistors R4 and R5 . According to the different states of the connected cable connector pins, the levels on the two lines are selected from one of the following situations: both L11 and L12 are low level, both L11 and L12 are high level, and L11 is low level Level L12 is high level, L11 is high level and L12 is low level. The control module obtains the cable type identification information used to identify one of the following cables through the levels on L11 and L12: 75 ohm cable, 120 ohm cable, and 100 ohm cable; select the corresponding resistance according to the output indication of the cable type identification information of various cables Value impedance control signal; according to the cable type identification information of the first two cables, output the mode control signal indicating the selection of E1 mode, and output the mode control signal indicating the selection of T1 mode according to the cable type identification information of the latter cable.

To facilitate control and reduce implementation costs, the impedance matching module can adopt a simple structure including N electronic switches with control terminals and N resistors, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The N electronic switches respectively connect the N resistors to the receiving channel of the working chip, and switch the on-off state of the connected resistors according to the control signals of the respective control terminals. Generally, the electronic switch has such characteristics: when the control signal at the control terminal is at a high level, both ends of the electronic switch are connected, and when the control signal at the control terminal is at a low level, both ends of the electronic switch are disconnected. Specifically, the electronic switch can adopt devices with high reliability and easy control, such as triodes and power MOS tubes. In this case, the control channel L5 includes N lines, respectively connected to the control terminals of N electronic switches; the output mode of the impedance control signal of the control module is to output and control the N lines on the N lines of the control channel according to the cable type identification information. The on-off level signal of an electronic switch.

An example of the specific structure of the above-mentioned impedance matching module can be referred to FIG. 7 . The impedance matching module in FIG. Cable-matched resistors r1, r2, r3; the three electronic switches respectively connect the three resistors to the receiving channel of the E1/T1 chip, and switch the on-off status of the connected resistors according to the control signals of the respective control terminals; the control channels include The three lines L51, L52, and L53 are respectively connected to the control terminals of k1, k2, and k3. The output method of the impedance control signal of the control module is, when the cable type is identified as M ohm cable, M is 75 or 120 or 100, and the level for controlling the electronic switch is output on the corresponding line of the control channel, and the line is connected to the M ohm cable. The electronic switch of the resistance matched by the ohm cable outputs the level that controls the electronic switch to be disconnected on the other two lines of the control channel.

In order to better understand the above-mentioned embodiment, the description of the connection and automatic matching process between the cable connector based on the structure in FIG. 3 and the single board based on the structure in FIG. 7 is given below.

Referring to Figure 8, the board C1 basically adopts the structure shown in Figure 7, except that the control module also provides the reporting function of the cable type; the cable C2 is a 75-ohm cable, a 120-ohm cable, or a 100-ohm cable, and the cable type is related to the working mode of the board and The relationship between matching impedance is shown in Table 1:

Table 1

cable type Corresponding to the working mode of the board Corresponding matching impedance 75 ohm cable E1 75 ohms 120 ohm cable E1 120 ohms 100 ohm cable T1 100 ohms

The first identification interface of the cable connector J21 uses two reserved pins ST1 and ST2 to provide a cable type identification signal. The corresponding relationship between the cable type and the connection status of ST1 and ST2 is shown in FIG. 9 . The board connector J22 is mated with the cable connector J21; the control module of the board C1 reads the level signals of ST1 and ST2 through the two lines L11 and L12 of the identification channel.

When the cable C2 is inserted into the single board through J21 and J22, the control module recognizes the inserted cable type through the change of the level signal of ST1 and ST2, so as to perform the corresponding working mode configuration and impedance matching operation: configure E1/T1 through the MPI interface The registers in the chip make the chip work in the corresponding working mode; for the impedance matching of the sending end, the control module writes the register of the E1/T1 chip through the MPI interface to change the output impedance of the E1/T1 chip to achieve matching with the cable impedance; the receiving end Impedance matching needs to be achieved by external resistors on the E1/T1 chip, as shown in Figure 8, the resistance of r1 is 75 ohms, matching with a 75 ohm cable, the resistance of r2 is 120 ohms, matching with a 120 ohm cable, and the resistance of r3 is 100 ohms, and 100 ohm cable matching, the control module outputs corresponding control signals on the three lines L51, L52 and L53 of the control channel according to the identified cable type, and controls the on and off of the electronic switches k1, k2 and k3, so as to realize the impedance of the receiving end and cable impedance matching. Table 2 shows the correspondence between cable types, identification signals, board working modes, control signals, switch states, and matching impedances:

Table 2

cable type identification signal Operating mode control signal electronic switch state Matching impedance ST1 ST2 L51 L52 L53 k1 k2 k3 75 ohms 0 0 E1 1 0 0 ON OFF OFF r1 120 ohms 0 1 E1 0 1 0 OFF ON OFF r2 100 ohms 1 0 T1 0 0 1 OFF OFF ON r3 unplugged cable 1 1 cable unplugged - - - - - - -

In addition, the control module can report the impedance of the cable to the background through software, which is convenient for users to query the impedance of the cable at the remote end and perform maintenance operations such as modification.

The boards and corresponding cable connectors provided in the above embodiments can support the automatic identification and automatic configuration of the working mode of the boards, the link impedance can also be automatically identified and matched, and the link impedance can also be reported, avoiding on-site The operation of personnel identifying the cable type and dialing code reduces the complexity of on-site operation and eliminates the hidden danger of impedance mismatch caused by operation errors. In addition, based on the specific device solutions provided in the embodiments, the present invention can be realized with a simple structure and low cost; and the use of devices with low reliability is avoided, and the reliability of the product is improved.

The cable connectors for connecting single boards and cables provided by the embodiments of the present invention and the corresponding single boards are described above in detail. In this paper, specific examples are used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above embodiments The description is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation and scope of application. In summary, As stated above, the content of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a cable connector that is used to connect veneer and cable is characterized in that, comprising:

Cable interface is used for stube cable;

First mating interface comprises first working interface and first recognition interface; Described first working interface is used for described cable interface externally is connected to veneer; Described first recognition interface is used for providing the type of cable identifying information to veneer.

2. cable connector according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described first recognition interface comprises one or more pin, and described first recognition interface provides described type of cable identifying information by the connection status of included pin.

3. cable connector according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described first recognition interface comprises first pin and second pin, and the connection status of these two pins is selected from one of following state: two equal ground connection of pin, two all floating empty, floating empty, floating empty second pin ground connection of first pin of the first pin ground connection, second pin of pin; Described first recognition interface provides described type of cable identifying information by the connection status of described two pins.

4. a veneer is characterized in that, comprising:

Control module has the identification passage, is used for obtaining the type of cable identifying information by described identification passage, according to described type of cable identifying information output mode control signal and impedance control signal;

The work chip has the signalling channel that is connected with described control module, and transmission and receive path; Be used for obtaining described mode control signal, adjust to corresponding work mode according to described mode control signal by described signalling channel;

Impedance matching module has the control channel that is connected with described control module, is used for obtaining described impedance control signal by described control channel, according to described impedance control signal adaptive resistance is linked in the receive path of described work chip.

5. veneer according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described control module also is used for, and reports the type of cable that identifies according to described type of cable identifying information.

6. veneer according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described control module comprises:

Mode control module is used for obtaining the type of cable identifying information by described identification passage, according to described type of cable identifying information output mode control signal;

The impedance Control module is used for obtaining the type of cable identifying information by described identification passage, according to described type of cable identifying information output impedance control signal.

7. veneer according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described control module comprises:

Mode control module is used for obtaining the type of cable identifying information by described identification passage, selects signal according to described type of cable identifying information output mode control signal and resistance;

The impedance Control module is used for selecting signal output impedance control signal according to the resistance of described mode control module output.

8. according to any described veneer of claim 4～7, it is characterized in that: described identification passage comprises one or more than one circuits, and the level on the circuit that described control module comprises by described identification passage obtains described type of cable identifying information.

9. according to any described veneer of claim 4～7, it is characterized in that: described identification passage comprises first circuit and second circuit, and the level on these two circuits is selected from one of following situation: two circuits are that low level, two circuits are high level, first circuit is that low level second circuit is that high level, first circuit are that high level second circuit is a low level;

Described control module is obtained described type of cable identifying information by the level on two circuits of described identification passage.

10. according to any described veneer of claim 4～7, it is characterized in that: described impedance matching module comprises electronic switch and N resistance of N band control end, and N is the integer more than or equal to 2; A described N electronic switch is connected to a described N resistance in the receive path of described work chip respectively, according to the control signal of control end separately switch connect the on off operating mode of resistance;

Described control channel comprises N bar circuit, connects the control end of a described N electronic switch respectively;

Described control module is used for according to type of cable identifying information output impedance control signal, specifically is the level signal that is used for exporting on the N of described control channel bar circuit according to described type of cable identifying information the break-make of the described N of a control electronic switch.

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