Vegetable oil low-temperature cold pressing process and press apparatus thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to the squeezing process of a vegetable oil, particularly the technology of vegetable oil low-temperature cold press.
The invention still further relates to the press apparatus that this technology adopts.
Background technology:
The low temperature pressing technology of domestic vegetables oil mainly contains screw press and hydraulic pressure squeezing two big classes.A kind of is the low temperature screw press, is to become the transmission by power of big screw shaft gradually by diameter, utilizes screw shaft rotation continuously in pressing hall, promotes oil plant and makes oil plant pressurized and get oil gradually.But can produce heat owing to the oil plant pressurized and with the screw rod friction of rotating.So, so-called low temperature spiral oil expression is relative low temperature, compare with general spiral oil expression, the one, oil plant is controlled the temperature of charging about 50 degree before entering crusher, and the oil plant temperature to be brought up to 120-130 ℃ before the general spiral oil expression charging, the 2nd, press hall space etc. by rotating speed that reduces screw rod and the length that increases screw rod, adjustment, the friction of oil plant and screw rod, press for extracting juice hall is reduced, thus the heat that the minimizing extruding produces.From the situation of the low temperature expeller of present domestic production, the oil plant temperature in the oil plant exit when pressure is maximum all is not less than 80-100 ℃.Another kind is that low temperature hydraulic pressure squeezing is that the pressure that utilizes hydraulic efficiency system to produce pushes the container that oil plant is housed and gets oil.At present the equipment of comparative maturity has 90 classical types and semi-automatic 230 types etc. at home, is to be extruded at normal temperatures to get oilyly with the oil plant of this kind equipment production, is the low temperature pressing on the meaning, but all is the production of interval type.90 types can have the container of a plurality of constancies of volume to build the pressure gather together through hydraulic system transfers to push, the pressurized thickness of oil plant, and promptly oil cake thickness can be regulated according to the size that the character of oil plant is set container in advance, generally at 8-10cm.Because the vessel volume of charge of oil material is a fixed when each squeezing, when being forced into fixed volume, oil plant just can't press again, and this is concerning the bigger oil plant of some plasticity-, and because of there not being enough pressure, fuel-displaced just undesirable, oil yield is lower.The container of 230 type charge of oil material is in the form of piston, vessel volume reduces with the increase of pressure, oil plant can be subjected to the extruding of hydraulic system transfers pressure always, but because this equipment has only an oil plant container, the thickness of oil plant is thicker during each squeezing, and the thickness of squeezing back oil cake is about 20-30cm when producing general oil plant.The thickness of oil plant is thick more, and the pressure of buffering, absorption is just big more, and the pressure that oil plant is subjected to is just more little.So this equipment also exists because of oil plant plasticity-is big, oleaginousness is high and can not reach desirable fuel-displaced, and oil yield is low, even does not go out oily problem.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is intended to overcome the defective of prior art, provides a kind of and can process oil plant under normal temperature condition, the vegetable oil low-temperature cold pressing process of the oil plant that particularly plasticity-is big, oleaginousness is higher.
Another object of the present invention provides the press apparatus of this vegetable oil low-temperature cold pressing process.
Vegetable oil low-temperature cold pressing process of the present invention comprises metering, installation, squeezing and release, and its step is as follows:
A. POL measuring;
B. the oil plant oil plant filter bag of packing into, the oil plant filter bag squeezing machine of packing into;
C. pressurization, pressurize promptly gets pressed oil;
D. pressed oil filters, checks the back packing;
E, the oil plant filter bag is taken in release away, blob of slag packing.
The thickness of packing into of step B oil plant is 3-30 centimetre, and the thickness of a squeezing back blob of slag is at 1.5-15 centimetre.
The described pressurization of step C, squeeze pressure are the 100-600 kg/cm.
The described pressurization of step C, the time of pressure process is 5-45 minute, the dwell time is 10-50 minute.
The described pressurize of step C, the oil-containing of a squeezing back blob of slag is 7-23%.
Vegetable oil low-temperature cold press press disc type press apparatus of the present invention, form by oil plant filter bag, gland, squeezing dish, frame, Hydraulic Station and hydro-cylinder, gland places on the squeezing dish, the diameter of gland has oil guiding hole less than squeezing dish internal diameter 2-3 millimeter on the gland, oil guide groove is arranged at squeezing dish top, oil guiding hole is arranged on the wall, oil drain pan is arranged at the bottom of squeezing dish, and oil drain pan is connected with oil outlet, and Hydraulic Station provides the pressure of oil expression for hydro-cylinder.
Described oil plant filter bag makes for having the flexible flexible materials, a kind of in cloth bag, paper bag, Fibre Bag, the non-woven bag.
Described squeezing dish is more than 1, can determine its quantity according to actual needs, and its diameter does not each other wait, and is trapezoidal arrangement.The oil guiding hole diameter that reaches on the described gland on the squeezing Pan Bi is the 0.5-2.5 millimeter, and the spacing between the oil guiding hole is the 3-15 millimeter.
Vegetable oil low-temperature cold press column type press apparatus of the present invention, form by hydraulic efficiency system and cylindrical oil expression cylinder and top cover, hydraulic efficiency system is as a whole with the oil expression cylinder, a hydraulic efficiency system comprises Hydraulic Station, hydro-cylinder, a hydraulic efficiency system and an oil expression cylinder are supporting, pressure required when extracting oil is provided, the oil expression cylinder divides inside and outside two-layer, internal layer surrounds the oil plant container by the bar shaped steel, gap between steel bar is an oil guide groove, oil guide groove and oil-containing groove UNICOM, oil outlet be positioned at the oil expression cylinder the bottom, and with oil-containing groove UNICOM.
Described oil expression cylinder is divided into multilayer by oil plant layering dividing plate (12), and the oil plant in each layer contains with the oil plant filter bag.
Vegetable oil low-temperature cold pressing process of the present invention and equipment are interval type normal temperature hydraulic pressure pressed oil technology and equipments.Can extract oil to different oil plants at normal temperatures, squeeze the grease in the oil plant, the oil plant that be specially adapted to that plasticity-is big, oleaginousness is high, needs low-temperature cold pressing.The oil plant filter bag of the technology of the present invention equipment adopts the container that can change with pressure and oil plant, both having solved similar 90 type oil press zhai change because of oil plant filter bag volume can not increase with pressure when extracting oil, cause the low difficult problem of oil plant oil yield that plasticity-is big, oleaginousness is high, solved also that similar 230 type oil press zhai are excessive because of the oil plant volume, cake of press thickness is thicker, causes the difficult problem that pressure is not enough, oil yield is low, even not fuel-displaced.The grease of being produced is a low-temperature cold pressing oil truly, has kept original nutritive ingredient in the vegetables oil to greatest extent, genuineness.Simultaneously because whole process is carried out at normal temperatures, and the nutritive substances such as protein in the cake of squeezing back are not damaged or sex change, for further exploitation plant series food plays a positive role.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a press disc type press apparatus structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the local enlarged diagram of press disc type cold pressing expeller gland of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a column type press apparatus structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a squeezing dish structural representation of the present invention.
Among the figure, the 1-Hydraulic Station; 2-hydraulic efficiency oil pipeline; The 3-hydro-cylinder; 4-squeezing dish; The 5-frame; The 6-oil outlet; The 7-oil drain pan; The 8-gland; The 9-oil guiding hole; 10-column type cold pressing expeller top cover; 11-oil plant container; 12-oil plant layering dividing plate; The 13-oil guide groove; The 14-oil-containing groove; The 15-oil outlet; The 16-hydro-cylinder; 17-hydraulic efficiency oil pipeline; The 18-Hydraulic Station.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, but be not limited to embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Vegetable oil low-temperature cold pressing process of the present invention comprises metering, installation, squeezing and release, and its step is as follows:
A. POL measuring, the oil plant thickness of packing into does not coexist 3-30 centimetre because of oil plant plasticity-, and the thickness of packing into of vegetable seed is 20-30 centimetre, the thickness of packing into of sesame is 15-25 centimetre, the thickness of packing into of Hemp Seed is 3-15 centimetre, and the thickness of a squeezing back blob of slag is 1.5-15 centimetre, to guarantee higher oil yield;
B. the oil plant oil plant filter bag of packing into, the oil plant filter bag can change with pressure and oil plant, solved the problem that the oil plant at existing squeezing machine squeezing dead angle can not be squeezed, the thickness that has overcome oil plant is thick more, buffering, the pressure that absorbs is just big more, the pressure that oil plant is subjected to is with regard to more little problem, the oil plant filter bag is selected cloth bag in the present embodiment, the press disc type squeezing machine of packing into after the pack, the press disc type squeezing machine is by the oil plant filter bag, gland 8, squeezing dish 4, frame 5, Hydraulic Station 1 and hydro-cylinder 3 are formed, gland 8 places on the squeezing dish 4, the diameter of gland 8 coils 4 internal diameter 2-3 millimeters less than squeezing, gland 8 is subjected to external pressure, and to the motion of the bottom of squeezing dish 4, the vessel volume that makes squeezing dish 4 diminishes with the increase of pressure; Oil guiding hole 9 is arranged on the gland 8,4 tops are coiled in squeezing oil guide groove, oil guiding hole 9 is arranged on the wall, oil guiding hole 9 on gland 8 and the squeezing Pan4Bi, its diameter is the 0.5-2.5 millimeter, spacing between the oil guiding hole 9 is the 3-15 millimeter, oil drain pan 7 is arranged at the bottom of squeezing dish 4, oil drain pan 7 is connected with oil outlet 6, hydraulic efficiency system is made up of Hydraulic Station 1 and hydro-cylinder 3, Hydraulic Station 1 provides the pressure of oil expression by hydraulic efficiency oil pipeline 2 for hydro-cylinder 3, and a Hydraulic Station 1 can provide oil expression required pressure for many hydro-cylinders 3 that match with oil press zhai simultaneously.The vegetables oil that squeezing is come out comes out from oil guiding hole 9 and oil guide groove, enters oil drain pan 7, and the oil outlet 6 that connects by its bottom flows out again.Squeezing dish 4 can be 1-10, and diameter is different,
C. pressurization, squeeze pressure is the 100-600 kg/cm, and the squeeze pressure of vegetable seed is the 100-200 kg/cm, and the squeeze pressure of sesame is the 300-400 kg/cm, the squeeze pressure of Hemp Seed is the 500-600 kg/cm, and the time of pressure process is 5-30 minute; The time of vegetable seed pressure process is 35-40 minute, and the time of sesame pressure process is 20-30 minute, and the time of the pressure process of Hemp Seed is 15-25 minute, pressurize, and the oil-containing of a blob of slag is 7-20% after pressurize 15-45 minute, the oil outlet place gets pressed oil;
D. pressed oil filters, checks the back packing;
E, cloth bag is taken in release away, blob of slag packing.
Embodiment 2
The described dwell time of step C is 15 minutes, and all the other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
The described dwell time of step C is 45 minutes, and all the other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
The described dwell time of step C is 20 minutes, and all the other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
The described dwell time of step C is 25 minutes, and all the other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
The described dwell time of step C is 35 minutes, and all the other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 6
The described dwell time of step C is 40 minutes, and all the other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 7
The squeezing machine that this example adopted is a column type: be made up of hydraulic efficiency system and cylindrical oil expression cylinder and top cover 10, hydraulic efficiency system is as a whole with the oil expression cylinder, a hydraulic efficiency system comprises Hydraulic Station 18, hydro-cylinder 16, a hydraulic efficiency system and an oil expression cylinder are supporting, pressure required when extracting oil is provided, the oil expression cylinder divides inside and outside two-layer, internal layer surrounds oil plant container 11 by the bar shaped steel, gap between steel bar is an oil guide groove 13, oil guide groove 13 and oil-containing groove 14 UNICOMs, oil outlet 15 is positioned at the bottom of oil expression cylinder, and with oil-containing groove 14 UNICOMs, during oil expression, also the oil plant container 11 usefulness oil plant layering dividing plates 12 of oil expression in the cylinder can be divided into several layers with oil plant, oil plant in each layer oil plant filter bag of packing into, the thickness of every layer of oil plant are joined pressure according to the character of oil plant and institute and are decided.All the other are with embodiment 1.