CN101220832B - Radial-axial mixed magnetic bearing driven by radial quadrupole biphase alternating current - Google Patents
Radial-axial mixed magnetic bearing driven by radial quadrupole biphase alternating current Download PDFInfo
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- CN101220832B CN101220832B CN200710190662XA CN200710190662A CN101220832B CN 101220832 B CN101220832 B CN 101220832B CN 200710190662X A CN200710190662X A CN 200710190662XA CN 200710190662 A CN200710190662 A CN 200710190662A CN 101220832 B CN101220832 B CN 101220832B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0459—Details of the magnetic circuit
- F16C32/0461—Details of the magnetic circuit of stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- F16C32/0465—Details of the magnetic circuit of stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with permanent magnets provided in the magnetic circuit of the electromagnets
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0474—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement
- F16C32/0485—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement with active support of three degrees of freedom
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a radial-axial mixed magnetic bearing which is driven by a radial four-pole two-phase AC. A permanent magnet is in cirque type and filled with magnetism in radial direction and is embedded into a cirque concave trough at the internal side of an axial stator and closely connected with the external side of the radial four-pole stator; meanwhile, the permanent magnet provides radial magnetic bias flux and an axial magnetic bias flux; the axial stator adopts a dual-piece eight-pole radial-axial dual magnetic pole surfaces structure with two pieces multiplied by four poles; the four poles of the radial stator are uniformly distributed along the circumference and arranged between the axial stator magnetic poles which face to each other axially; a rotor is sheathed on a rotation shaft by the overlapping and pressing of a cirque silicon sheet, forms an axial air gap with the axial stator and a radial air gap with the radial stator and the axial stator; axial control coils which face to each other axially are connected in series to generate an axial control flux when getting electricity; each radial control coil is enwound on two axial stator magnetic pole external coils which face to each other axially and generates a racial control flux when getting the electricity. The invention has the advantages of reducing the volume of a power amplifier, reducing the cost of the power amplifier, simplifying a driving control method, and improving the working efficiency of the magnetic bearing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electromechanical device transmission device, it is a kind of magnetic bearing field without any Mechanical Contact, refer in particular to the radial-axial hybrid magnetic bearing that a kind of novel radially four utmost point two-phase alternating currents drive, the Three Degree Of Freedom that the is applicable to all kinds of rotating machineries supporting that suspends can be used as the contactless suspension supporting of rotary component in the machinery such as suspension of five-freedom degree magnetic high-speed machine tool electric chief axis system.
Background technique
Along with nineteen seventies magnetic bearing technology rapid development, magnetic bearing researcher both domestic and external has studied active axial single-degree-of-freedom and two degrees of freedom magnetic bearing radially emphatically, and the main direct current signal that adopts provides static magnetic bias magnetic flux and control magnetic flux simultaneously on the magnetic bearings control method.Any one stable rotation system rotor all need impose restriction on its five degree of freedom, so all be to adopt 1 axial Simple Freedom Magnetic Bearing and 2 two degrees of freedom radial direction magnetic bearings to constitute five degree of freedom suspension supporting system usually.On the one hand, radially two degrees of freedom magnetic bearing and axial Simple Freedom Magnetic Bearing all will take bigger axial space, cause the electric machine main shaft axial length of magnetic bearing supporting longer, and volume is bigger; Rotor critical speed descends simultaneously, and motor or all kinds of rotary main shaft are restricted to higher rotating speed and power development; On the other hand, adopt DC control, amplidyne price height, volume is big, a radial direction magnetic bearing needs four tunnel unipolarities (or two-way bipolarity) power amplification circuit usually, thereby has directly caused the magnetic bearing volume big, the cost height, limited its application greatly, particularly in Aero-Space and Military Application field.
Therefore, the researcher begins to be devoted to above two aspects are improved and optimizated.In the 7th international magnetic bearing meeting in 2000, the Redemann.C of the federal engineering college of Zurich, Switzerland (ETH) has delivered about 30kW does not have the report of bearing seal pump application testing, studied binary phase hybrid magnetic bearing of three, this magnetic bearing directly adopts industrial general three-phase inverter that the control electric current is provided, and adopt permanent magnet that static bias field is provided, reduced its power amplifier volume greatly, reduced loss, but to could realize the suspension supporting of Three Degree Of Freedom with an axial active magnetic bearings, still fail the total system axial arrangement compact aspect, rotor critical speed improves and magnetic bearing bearing capacity raising aspect makes progress.
Domestic existing related application situation retrieval has: (1) a kind of low-consumption permanent-magnet offset external rotor radial magnetic bearing (patent publication No.: CN1644940); (2) permanent magnet offset radial magnetic bearing (patent publication No.: CN1693726); (3) a kind of permanent magnet offset external rotor radial magnetic bearing (patent publication No.; CN1730960); (4) Three Degree Of Freedom AC-DC radial one axial mixed magnetic bearing and controlling method (patent publication No.: CN1737388) thereof; (5) a kind of permanent magnet bias-magnetic axial mixed magnetic bearing (patent publication No.: CN101025198); (6) three degrees of freedom AC mixing magnetic bearing (patent publication No.: CN101038011).
The magnetic bearing that above-mentioned patent 1 is proposed adopts double-face ends of the earth structure to control radially two degrees of freedom in form, and to adopt 8 radially field coils and radially adopt direct current power amplifier drive controlling, defective be that the mechanical structure volume of coil is big, power loss is high.What patent 2 proposed is radially to adopt two pairs of utmost points, and the winding on 2 relative teeth is in series and controls radially two degrees of freedom, and defective is that the bearing capacity of magnetic bearing is little.The magnetic bearing of patent 3 adopts 8 stator iron core magnetic poles that are distributed in circumference, is wound with field coil around it, and 4 permanent magnets are embedded in the stator iron core, and defective is the power loss height.The three degrees of freedom AC mixing magnetic bearing that proposes in the patent 4,6, all adopt single face three pole radial stators and disc type axial stator structure, rotor forms axial air-gap and radial air gap respectively and between air axial stator and the radial stator, defective is that the available magnetic pole useful area of magnetic bearing is little, and bearing capacity is less.The axial mixed magnetic bearing of patent 5, also be to have adopted axial stator dish structure, and control coil places respectively between two axial stator dishes, and rotor forms axial air-gap and radial air gap respectively and between axial stator and the radial stator, but several magnetic poles are adopted in explanation.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to increase the arrangement space of control coil, increase magnetic bearing magnetic pole useful area, further dwindle magnetic bearing mechanical structure volume, improve its bearing capacity, design a kind of compactness rational in infrastructure, axial length is little, bearing capacity is big, good stability and efficient height, control the axial freedom and the AC-DC hybrid magnetic bearing of two-freedom radially simultaneously, thereby reduce electric main shaft or the various axial dimension that needs suspension supporting rotary main shaft, so that the critical speed of rotation of system is further enhanced, and reduce the volume and the cost of power amplifier greatly, make that this type of magnetic bearing can be at the ultra-high speed and ultraprecise numerical control machine tool, the magnetic suspension bearing-free motor, be used widely in suspension such as flywheel energy storage system and the man-made satellite supporting system.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: comprise with radial stator close with permanent magnet, radially guide line, axial control coil, rotor on axial stator are enclosed within the rotating shaft; Permanent magnet is circular shape and radial magnetizing, adopts rare earth material neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) to make, and is embedded in the circular shape groove of axial stator inboard, closely links to each other with four utmost point stators outside radially, and radial and axial magnetic bias magnetic flux is provided simultaneously; Four utmost points of radial stator evenly distribute along circumference, and each radial stator magnetic pole all places respectively between 2 axially relative axial stator magnetic poles; Rotor is sleeved in the rotating shaft by the ring silicon steel plate stacking, forms axial air-gap with axial stator, all forms radial air gap with radial stator and axial stator; Axial control coil series connection on the axially relative axial stator magnetic pole, the energising back produces axially control magnetic flux; Radially control coil is on 2 axially relative axial stator magnetic pole outer rings for each, and the energising back produces radially controls magnetic flux.
Axial stator adopts the double-disk ends of the earth structure of 2 * 4 utmost points, and every of the left and right sides is formed along the two magnetic pole strength iron cores of the equally distributed radial-axial of circumference by 4, and every utmost point has radial-axial pair magnetic pole strengths.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. traditional direct current type radially two degrees of freedom magnetic bearing needs four tunnel unipolarities (or two-way bipolarity) power amplification circuit, and the radial-axial hybrid magnetic bearing that a kind of novel radially four utmost point two-phase alternating currents of the present invention drive only gets final product radially two degrees of freedom of complete drive controlling with a two-phase alternating current inverter, thereby reduced the volume of power amplifier, reduced the cost of power amplifier, simplify the drive controlling method, improved the working efficiency of magnetic bearing greatly.
2. adopt permanent magnet to provide simultaneously axially and radially static bias field, control coil only provides the dynamic magnetic field of balanced load and external interference, and therefore, the Number of ampere turns of control coil reduces greatly, has further dwindled the volume of magnetic bearing, has alleviated magnetic bearing weight; Simultaneously because of no longer needing to provide bias current, thus the power loss minimizing, saved the energy, dwindled the volume of power discharging radiator.
3. axial stator adopts the two magnetic pole strength structures of double-disk ends of the earth radial-axial, radial stator adopts along the equally distributed quaternary structure of circumference, axially control coil and the radially inside and outside two-layer distribution of control coil employing, increased the arrangement space of control coil greatly, for magnetic bearing overcomes bigger external disturbance and the needed coil Number of ampere turns of load provides condition.
4. axially coil, radial coil adopt direct current and AC driven control respectively, and magnetic field is separate, is easy to control; Radially have certain coupling between the two degrees of freedom, but the method that can adopt two cross streams decoupling zeros is controlled to two degrees of freedom radially.
5. the bearing capacity of magnetic bearing depends on permanent magnet inner magnet kinetic potential and effective magnetic pole area, and rotor and radial stator and axial stator all form radial air gap, has increased radially effective magnetic pole area greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an axial, cross-sectional view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section view of the present invention;
Among the figure: 1. stator, 2. radially control coil, 3. axial stator, 4. axial air-gap, 5. radial air gap, 6. rotor, 7 rotating shafts, 8. axially control coil, 9. permanent magnet;
The solid line 10 of band arrow is the static magnetic bias magnetic circuit that circular shape permanent magnet 9 produces;
The imaginary point line 11 of band arrow is axially to control the loop of magnetic flux in axial stator 3, axial air- gap 4 and 6 formation of rotor;
The loop of magnetic flux in radially relative 2 magnetic poles and the yoke that is connected them, radial air gap 5,6 formation of rotor radially controlled in dotted line 12 expression of band arrow;
Fig. 3 is the left view of A-A section among Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the right elevation of B-B section among Fig. 1.
Embodiment
The present invention makes up radial-axial hybrid magnetic bearing structure and the magnetic circuit that a kind of radially four utmost point two-phase alternating currents drive earlier, makes up its mathematical model according to the equivalent magnetic circuit method.Mathematical model is carried out formulism in conjunction with design parameter index given in advance to the structural parameter of magnetic bearing and electric parameter and is calculated thus again, goes out the magnetic bearing that satisfies application request of function admirable according to this formulae design.Structural parameter use Maxwell 3D in the finite element analysis software ANSOFT software to the further optimal design of magnetic bearing structural parameter according to this, and the correctness of checking structure design principle and magnetic flux distribution.At last, according to mathematical model and each actual parameter, CONTROLLER DESIGN constructs (displacement, electric current) double closed-loop control system and axial DC power amplification circuit and radial AC power inversion circuit etc.
Principle of the present invention is by constructing a kind of brand-new magnetic circuit, the static magnetic bias magnetic flux that provides with the abundant shared permanent magnet in ground that axially can have no to be coupled is provided radially, thereby jointly controlling of integrated radially two degrees of freedom and axial freedom, saved the space, be beneficial to the increase of control coil Number of ampere turns, the arrangement space that has reduced magnetic bearing axial occupation space size greatly and increased control coil than the combination of two degrees of freedom magnetic bearing and Simple Freedom Magnetic Bearing; Adopt the two-phase alternating current inverter that magnetic bearing is radially controlled electric current simultaneously and carry out drive controlling, reduced the quantity of power device, control is simple, has saved manufacture cost, has improved working efficiency.
Concrete scheme of the present invention is: shown in Fig. 1～4, the present invention includes along equally distributed radially four utmost point stators 1 of circumference, radially the two magnetic pole strength structures of control coil 2, double-disk ends of the earth radial-axial axial stator 3, axial air-gap 4, radial air gap 5, rotor 6, rotating shaft 7, axially control coil 8 and permanent magnet 9 are formed.Round ring magnet 9 by a radial magnetizing provides axially and radially static magnetic bias magnetic flux simultaneously, permanent magnet material is selected high-performance rare-earth permanent magnet material neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) for use, be divided into 4, be convenient to the processing of permanent magnet 9 and be embedded in the stator, be spliced into a circular shape permanent magnet 9 that is embedded in the inboard circular shape groove of stator again.Axial stator 3 adopts the two magnetic pole strength structures of the double-disk ends of the earth (2 * 4 utmost point) radial-axials, and every of the left and right sides is formed along the two magnetic pole strength iron cores of the equally distributed radial-axial of circumference by 4; Four pole radial stators, 1 magnetic pole evenly distributes along circumference, and each radial stator 1 magnetic pole all places respectively between 2 axially relative axial stator 3 magnetic poles.According to the magnetic loop requirement, construct its mechanical structure and component structural; Magnetic circuit component needs magnetic property good, and magnetic hysteresis is low, and reduces eddy current loss and hysteresis loss as far as possible, determines that thus rotor 6, axial stator 3 and radial stator 1 adopt silicon steel plate stacking to form, and rotating shaft 7 then adopts electrical pure iron to process.Rotor 6 is enclosed within the rotating shaft by circular silicon steel plate stacking, forms axial air-gap 4 with axial stator 3, all forms radial air gap 5 with axial stator 3 and radial stator 1.2 axial control coil 8 series connection on 2 axially relative axial stator 3 magnetic poles are to produce axial control magnetic flux; Radially control coil 2 passes to the two-phase alternating current electricity and radially controls magnetic flux to produce on axially relative 2 axial stator, 1 magnetic pole outer ring.
The magnetic bias magnetic flux that permanent magnet 9 provides flows out from the N utmost point of annular permanent magnet 9, and the left and right sides two-part axial stator 3 of balancedly flowing through flows into radial stator 1 through axial air-gap 4, rotor 6, radial air gap 5 then successively, gets back to the S utmost point of permanent magnet 9 at last.Axially the control magnetic flux is shown in the imaginary point line 11 of band arrow among the figure, after axially control coil 8 passes to direct current, form axially control flux circuit at axial stator 3, axial air- gap 4 and 6 of rotors, change control current direction and size are then controlled the magnetic flux size and Orientation and are changed accordingly.The radially control coil 2 that radially is mutually on 2 magnetic poles of 90 ° passes to the biphase-equilibrium Ac, radially control flux circuit 12 in axial stator 3 and radial stator 1, radial air gap 5,6 formation of rotor, produce the rotation resultant flux to overcome external disturbance or load; Radially control coil 2 on all the other 2 magnetic poles in like manner so just obtains the synthetic rotating magnetic flux strengthened, thereby makes magnetic bearing can overcome bigger external disturbance and load.
Claims (3)
1. radial-axial hybrid magnetic bearing of driving of four utmost point two-phase alternating currents radially, comprise the permanent magnet (9) close with four pole radial stators (1), radially control coil (2), axial control coil (8), rotor (6) on axial stator (3) are enclosed within the rotating shaft (7), it is characterized in that: permanent magnet (9) is circular shape and radial magnetizing, adopt the rare earth material neodymium iron boron to make, be embedded in the inboard circular shape groove of axial stator (3), closely link to each other with four pole radial stators (1) outside, radial and axial magnetic bias magnetic flux is provided simultaneously; Four utmost points of described radial stator (1) evenly distribute along circumference, and each radial stator (1) magnetic pole all places respectively between axially relative 2 axial stator (3) magnetic pole; Rotor (6) is sleeved in the rotating shaft (7) by the ring silicon steel plate stacking, forms axial air-gap (4) with axial stator (3), all forms radial air gap (5) with described radial stator (1) and axial stator (3); Axial control coil (8) series connection on axially relative axial stator (3) magnetic pole, energising back produce axially control magnetic flux; Radially control coil (2) is on axially relative 2 axial stator (3) outer ring for each, and the energising back produces radially controls magnetic flux.
2. the radial-axial hybrid magnetic bearing that drives according to described radially four utmost point two-phase alternating currents of claim 1, it is characterized in that: axial stator (3) adopts the double-disk ends of the earth structure of 2 * 4 utmost points, the every axial stator (3) of four pole radial stators (1) left and right sides is formed along the two magnetic pole strength iron cores of the equally distributed radial-axial of circumference by 4, and every utmost point has the two magnetic pole strengths of radial-axial.
3. according to the radial-axial hybrid magnetic bearing of described radially four utmost point two-phase alternating currents driving of claim 1, it is characterized in that: radially control coil (2) adopts a two-phase alternating current inverter to carry out drive controlling.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200710190662XA CN101220832B (en) | 2007-11-28 | 2007-11-28 | Radial-axial mixed magnetic bearing driven by radial quadrupole biphase alternating current |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200710190662XA CN101220832B (en) | 2007-11-28 | 2007-11-28 | Radial-axial mixed magnetic bearing driven by radial quadrupole biphase alternating current |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101220832A CN101220832A (en) | 2008-07-16 |
| CN101220832B true CN101220832B (en) | 2010-06-09 |
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| CN200710190662XA Expired - Fee Related CN101220832B (en) | 2007-11-28 | 2007-11-28 | Radial-axial mixed magnetic bearing driven by radial quadrupole biphase alternating current |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103016525B (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2015-04-22 | 江苏大学 | Constant current biased radial-axial magnetic bearing |
| CN103939466B (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2016-06-15 | 江苏大学 | A kind of three degree of freedom magnetic axis holds |
| CN105864293B (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2019-05-21 | 淮阴工学院 | A kind of integrated suspension of five-freedom degree magnetic electro spindle |
| CN106825627A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-06-13 | 江苏大学 | A kind of inverter driving ejector half five degree of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing supports electro spindle |
| CN108599504B (en) * | 2018-06-30 | 2019-12-31 | 淮阴工学院 | Five-degree-of-freedom bearingless switched reluctance motor |
| CN109139693B (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2022-11-18 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Hybrid magnetic suspension thrust bearing |
| CN111102291A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-05 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Magnetic suspension bearing, compressor and air conditioner |
| CN115507119A (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2022-12-23 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Magnetic suspension active three-degree-of-freedom bearing, motor and compressor |
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| US5789838A (en) * | 1996-10-09 | 1998-08-04 | Satcon Technology Corporation | Three-axis force actuator for a magnetic bearing |
| CN1737388A (en) * | 2005-05-18 | 2006-02-22 | 江苏大学 | AC-DC radial-axial mixed magnetic bearing having three degrees of freedom and method for controlling the same |
| CN101025198A (en) * | 2007-03-28 | 2007-08-29 | 江苏大学 | Permanent magnet bias-magnetic axial mixed magnetic bearing |
| CN101038011A (en) * | 2007-04-11 | 2007-09-19 | 江苏大学 | Three degrees of freedom AC mixing magnetic bearing |
| CN201121656Y (en) * | 2007-11-28 | 2008-09-24 | 江苏大学 | Radial-axial mixed magnetic bearing driven by radial quadrupole biphase alternating current |
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2007
- 2007-11-28 CN CN200710190662XA patent/CN101220832B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5789838A (en) * | 1996-10-09 | 1998-08-04 | Satcon Technology Corporation | Three-axis force actuator for a magnetic bearing |
| CN1737388A (en) * | 2005-05-18 | 2006-02-22 | 江苏大学 | AC-DC radial-axial mixed magnetic bearing having three degrees of freedom and method for controlling the same |
| CN101025198A (en) * | 2007-03-28 | 2007-08-29 | 江苏大学 | Permanent magnet bias-magnetic axial mixed magnetic bearing |
| CN101038011A (en) * | 2007-04-11 | 2007-09-19 | 江苏大学 | Three degrees of freedom AC mixing magnetic bearing |
| CN201121656Y (en) * | 2007-11-28 | 2008-09-24 | 江苏大学 | Radial-axial mixed magnetic bearing driven by radial quadrupole biphase alternating current |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
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| 刘贤兴等.三自由度永磁偏置混合磁轴承数控系统研究.中国机械工程15 24.2004,15(24),2225-2228. |
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