CN101219671A - Transverse and vertical dynamic displacement measuring device of high-speed railway track circuit - Google Patents
Transverse and vertical dynamic displacement measuring device of high-speed railway track circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN101219671A CN101219671A CNA2008100137278A CN200810013727A CN101219671A CN 101219671 A CN101219671 A CN 101219671A CN A2008100137278 A CNA2008100137278 A CN A2008100137278A CN 200810013727 A CN200810013727 A CN 200810013727A CN 101219671 A CN101219671 A CN 101219671A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to a railway transportation field and relates to a device for measuring horizontally and vertically dynamic displacement of a high-speed railway track line. The device comprises two baffle boards which are equipped at middle of the measured rail perpendicular to the ground or form an angle of 45 degrees with the ground, two laser displacement sensors, and a portable data processing and displaying device; making use of the baffle board which forms an angle of 45 degrees with the ground, the vertical displacement of the track line is converted into a change amount of a horizontal distance by a proportion of 1:1 equivalently; heads of the two laser displacement sensors are aligned with the two baffle boards to measure the dynamic horizontal displacement and the compound displacement including the horizontal displacement and the vertical displacement when a high-speed train passes; the data measured by the two laser displacement sensors are processed by the portable data processing and displaying device, and then the instantaneous horizontal and vertical displacement during the high-speed train passing the track line can be read directly; The measuring device has the advantages of accurate measured data and high respond speed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to railway transport field, relate to a kind of high-speed railway track circuit laterally, vertical dynamic displacement measuring device.
Technical background
On April 18th, 2007 was important symbol with the 6th raising speed by a large scale of successful implementation, and China railways has been drawn back the prelude that strides forward to the high speed epoch.Along with development and national economy, railway transportation has been proposed more and more higher requirement, in Shanghai, Beijing, Shanghai and Nanjing, having occurred running velocity between the area such as Shanghai, Suzhou is the motor train unit train of 200km/h-350km/h, for vast travelling brings great convenience.But some problems are following, and obviously rocking of motor train unit and rapid appears in the part track section, cause speed rail and high speed railway passenger train travelling comfort level to reduce, and also bring certain potential safety hazard simultaneously.Through consulting a large amount of data documents, analyze relevant train accident, fault case, and go and find out what's going on the spot to the scene, the major cause that train rocks has that gauge successively decreases, rail joint (weld seam) irregularity (because the bad horizontal and vertical relative shifts at circuit or rail joint place that cause of state such as sleeper, railway roadbed, backing plate and welding are excessive) etc., causes the transverse acceleration of train and vertical acceleration acutely to increase.Calculating the data analysis that provides with railway interests's actual measurement through theoretical, is car body vertical acceleration＞0.2m/s with insertion value result of calculation during the vertical dynamic mobile 5mm of rail
2Simultaneously, because the discrepancy in elevation of joint 5mm changes, the running orbit of two sidecar wheels is undergone mutation, and values of lateral is greater than 0.15m/s
2, make vehicle rock increasing.The data analysis that provides with railway interests's actual measurement is provided through theory, circuit or rail joint (weld seam) vertical deviation surpasses 5mm, when train passes through with 250km/h speed, can produce dynamic impact forces with respect to 27 times in smooth-going circuit, rail joint (weld seam) is produced huge injury, gently then cause reduction of service life, heavy then grave accident takes place disconnected rail.China Express Railway displacement measurement technology mainly adopts " track detects the Train Dynamic detection technique " to reach " rolling car detector " at present.The attach troops to a unit track inspection vehicle of each Railway Bureau of the Ministry of Railways is the unique special-purpose train that can realize multi-functional detection at present, can detection line laterally and vertical acceleration and other related item, but owing to be subjected to operational outfit and supporting technology condition restriction, can detection speed be the train of 160km/h only, can't satisfy the detection requirement of the higher train of speed, and sense cycle is long, can't realize in real time, cooperate anywhere or anytime the circuit current maintenance to carry out detection.Must attach troops to a unit in train system owing to this mode simultaneously, whole checking system is huge, nearly ten million yuan of cost, and detection can not be carried out measurement whenever and wherever possible as required.In order to find that in time the value that transfinites of serious horizontal and vertical deviation takes place circuit, the Ministry of Railways has used a kind of crying " rolling car detector " equipment again, it is installed on locomotive and the motor train unit, when the locomotive that " rolling car detector " equipment is housed or motor train unit transfinite the circuit of value through laterally serious or vertical deviation is arranged, can be with detection signal in time by wireless network transmissions to works department and main leader's mobile phone, send the maintainer to rush to repair rapidly by works department to alarm set point.But because the detection error of " rolling car detector " is big, can not accurately report particular location, can only report general place, still can't measure the deviate that transfinites of laterally dynamic and vertical deviation.Therefore how to realize quick and precisely on-the-spot detection of dynamic, horizontal and the vertical relative shift of circuit or rail joint (weld seam) when the grasp high speed train passes through, thereby study and define the foster countermeasure of repairing of science, reduce of the infringement of Train Dynamic impulsive force, prolong rail service life and improve the travelling comfort level of high speed railway significant rail.This also is the key subjects that speed rail or high speed railway improve the passenger train safe in operation and the comfort level of travelling need solve.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of horizontal, the vertical dynamic displacement measuring device of high-speed railway track circuit that can realize the detection of quick, accurate scene.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme: the high-speed railway track circuit that is provided laterally, vertical dynamic displacement measuring device be by be installed in tested railway track waist reflecting plate 1 perpendicular to the ground and with the reflecting plate 2 at angle at 45, ground, laser displacement sensor 3,4 and portable data are handled, read out instrument 5 is formed, the measuring head of laser displacement sensor 3,4 is aimed at reflecting plate 1 and reflecting plate 2 respectively, and the output of laser displacement sensor 3,4 connects data handing, read out instrument 5.
High-speed railway track circuit provided by the present invention is horizontal, the work of vertical dynamic displacement measuring device is as described below: laser displacement sensor 3,4 measuring head aim at respectively be installed in tested railway track waist reflecting plate 1 perpendicular to the ground and with the reflecting plate 2 at angle at 45, ground on the measured point, before high speed train is not come, by laser displacement sensor 3,4 measure measured point and the laser displacement sensor 3 on reflecting plate 1 and the reflecting plate 2 respectively, passive distance between 4 measuring heads, with the take off data data handing of making a gift to someone, read out instrument 5, when high speed train passes through, by laser displacement sensor 3,4 measure measured point and the laser displacement sensor 3 on reflecting plate 1 and the reflecting plate 2 respectively, between 4 measuring heads dynamic distance, take off data is sent into data handing, read out instrument 5 carries out data handing and shows, when high speed train by the time and before high speed train do not come, by the measuring head of the laser displacement sensor 3 of laser displacement sensor 3 twice measurement and to be installed in variable in distance between tested railway track waist reflecting plate 1 measured point perpendicular to the ground partly be exactly high speed train by the time track circuit the cross travel amount; When high speed train by the time and before high speed train do not come, by the measuring head of the laser displacement sensor 4 of laser displacement sensor 4 twice measurement and to be installed in variable in distance between the measured point on the reflecting plate 2 at tested railway track waist and angle at 45, ground partly be exactly high speed train by the time track circuit the compound displacement that comprises vertical deviation and cross travel; Because the output of laser displacement sensor 3,4 connects data handing, read out instrument 5, by under the control of portion's program within it of data handing, read out instrument 5 to the output signal of laser displacement sensor 3,4 carry out data handing after can obtaining high speed train and passing through laterally, the vertical deviation amount, the current intelligence lower railway circuit when realizing that high speed train operated in high speed railway (more than the 200km/h) produce laterally and the real-time measurement of vertical deviation amount.
The present invention tested railway track waist install reflecting plate 1 perpendicular to the ground and with the reflecting plate 2 at angle at 45, ground, utilize laser displacement sensor 3 and be installed in tested railway track waist reflecting plate perpendicular to the ground 1 measure the high speed railway train by the time track circuit cross travel, utilize laser displacement sensor 4 and be installed in tested railway track waist become with ground 45 jiaos reflecting plate 2 measurement high speed railway trains by the time track circuit comprise the compound displacement of vertical deviation and cross travel.Utilize reflecting plate 2 to become 45 jiaos with the railway track waist with ground, when high speed train passes through, railway track comprises the compound displacement of vertical deviation and cross travel owing to the impulsive force that is subjected to high speed train produces, therefore be installed in the rail waist, become 45 jiaos reflecting plate 2 also to produce the identical compound displacement that comprises vertical deviation and cross travel with ground thereupon.The present invention has adopted the conversion medium of measuring vertical deviation with reflecting plate 2 conducts at angle at 45, ground, utilize the character that isosceles right triangle two waists are vertical and equate, the direct ratio equivalence in 1: 1 of the vertical deviation amount of rail is converted to the horizontal throw variable quantity, realize the quick measurement of vertical deviation.Owing to adopt at the rail waist reflecting plate be installed, utilize laser displacement sensor to measure the horizontal and this non-contact measurement method of vertical deviation of track circuit, do not influence the circuit usage condition, guarantee train at a high speed by the time measuring instrument to railway security and operating provisions without any influence.Also without any influence, survey precision height, measurement mechanism response time are fast to the precision measured for same high speed train.Adopt portable data processing, read out instrument, be convenient to on-the-spot random measurement.High-speed railway track circuit provided by the present invention laterally, the vertical dynamic displacement measuring device utilization be installed in tested railway track waist reflecting plate 1 perpendicular to the ground and with the reflecting plate 2 at angle at 45, ground, two laser displacement sensors 3,4 and portable data are handled, read out instrument 5 has been realized fast, accurately the on-the-spot high-speed railway track circuit that detects laterally, the purpose of vertical dynamic displacement amount, adopt this device can cooperate the circuit current maintenance to carry out detection whenever and wherever possible, and the cost of detecting device is very low.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that high-speed railway track circuit provided by the present invention is horizontal, the principle of work block diagram of vertical dynamic displacement measuring device;
Fig. 2 be high-speed railway track circuit provided by the present invention laterally, the scheme drawing of the rail waist is installed in the vertical dynamic displacement measuring device 1,2 first kinds of embodiments of reflecting plate;
Fig. 3 be high-speed railway track circuit provided by the present invention laterally, the scheme drawing of the rail waist is installed in the vertical dynamic displacement measuring device 1,2 second kinds of embodiments of reflecting plate;
Fig. 4 is track circuit vertical deviation principle of measurement geometric analysis figure of the present invention;
Fig. 5 be high-speed railway track circuit provided by the present invention laterally, one of the embodiment of metering circuit in the vertical dynamic displacement measuring device;
Fig. 6 be high-speed railway track circuit provided by the present invention laterally, in the vertical dynamic displacement measuring device metering circuit embodiment two;
Fig. 7 be high-speed railway track circuit provided by the present invention laterally, in the vertical dynamic displacement measuring device metering circuit embodiment three.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with description of drawings enforcement of the present invention.Fig. 1 is that high-speed railway track circuit provided by the present invention is horizontal, the principle of work block diagram of vertical dynamic displacement measuring device.As shown in Figure 1: high-speed railway track circuit provided by the present invention laterally, vertical dynamic displacement measuring device be by be installed in tested railway track waist reflecting plate 1 perpendicular to the ground and with the reflecting plate 2 at angle at 45, ground, laser displacement sensor 3,4 and portable data are handled, read out instrument 5 is formed, the measuring head of laser displacement sensor 3,4 is aimed at reflecting plate 1 and reflecting plate 2 respectively, and the output of laser displacement sensor 3,4 connects portable data processing, read out instrument 5.Fig. 2, Fig. 3 be high-speed railway track circuit provided by the present invention laterally, reflecting plate 1,2 two kind of embodiment scheme drawing of installing at the rail waist in the vertical dynamic displacement measuring device.Reflecting plate 1 among Fig. 2 is the vertical plate formation that a back is attached to tested railway track waist.Reflecting plate 2 is all to constitute on the inclined-plane at angle at 45 with two mutually perpendicular cylinders in the triangulo column that is isosceles right triangle of a longitudinal cross-section, a cylinder in two mutually perpendicular cylinders is installed in tested railway track waist, and another cylinder is parallel to the ground.Being installed in rail waist reflecting plate perpendicular to the ground 1 among Fig. 3 and being the front panel that is attached to the cuboid 6 of tested railway track waist by a rear panel constitutes.The reflecting plate 2 that is installed in tested railway track waist and angle at 45, ground be with one with the cuboid 6 identical cylinder tops special-shaped cylinder 6 ' that triangulo column that a longitudinal cross-section is isosceles right triangle forms of pruning, should the abnormal shape cylinder 6 ' be attached to tested railway track waist side by side with cuboid 6, with the end face at the rear panel angle at 45 that is attached to the rail waist be exactly reflecting plate 2 with angle at 45, ground.Reflecting plate 1 perpendicular to the ground cooperates laser displacement sensor 3 to be used for measuring the cross travel of track circuit, cooperate laser displacement sensor 4 to be used for measuring the compound displacement of track circuit with the reflecting plate 2 at angle at 45, ground, compound displacement comprises vertical deviation and cross travel, cooperates reflecting plate 1 perpendicular to the ground and can measure the cross travel amount and the vertical deviation of track circuit quickly and accurately with the reflecting plate 2 at angle at 45, ground with laser displacement sensor 3,4.
When high speed train by the time and before high speed train do not come, by the measuring head of the laser displacement sensor 3 of laser displacement sensor 3 twice measurement and to be installed in variable in distance between tested railway track waist reflecting plate 1 measured point perpendicular to the ground partly be exactly high speed train by the time track circuit the cross travel amount, laser displacement sensor 3 exports twice data of surveying to portable data processing, read out instrument, just can read the cross travel amount intuitively.
Fig. 4 is track circuit vertical deviation principle of measurement geometric analysis figure.Principle is as follows: when high speed train pressed rail, because the deadweight of train, rail joint (weld seam), track switch vertical deviation amount are excessive etc., and major cause forced rail to produce vertical deviation and cross travel, and we mainly analyze vertical deviation here.Suppose that the vertical deviation amount that rail produces is L, be analyzed as follows:
Be installed in the reflecting plate 2 of rail waist, because of itself and ground at 45, the triangle cylinder that it is isosceles right triangle that reflecting plate 2 and rail waist and ground or ground-surface parallel faces surround a longitudinal cross-section, when rail generation vertical deviation, being installed in rail waist and ground reflecting plate at 45 2 also together moves down, and laser displacement sensor 4 emitted laser directions do not become, be track circuit when passing through high speed train with track circuit by the measured point a on the high speed train front-reflection plate 2 the measured point b on the reflecting plate 2 on same horizon, measured point a, the side travel distance of b is S
2-S
1, that is: ab=S
2-S
1Crossing the longitudinal cross-section that measured point a does the triangle cylinder that reflecting plate 2 and rail waist and ground or ground-surface parallel faces surround is isosceles right triangle edf, crossing the longitudinal cross-section that measured point b does the triangle cylinder that reflecting plate 2 and rail waist and ground or ground-surface parallel faces surround is isosceles right triangle e ' d ' f ', crossing the b point does a straight line parallel and meets at the c point in straight line dd ' and straight line ed, point b, c, d, d ' are linked to be a parallelogram bcdd ', and each measured point relation is as follows:
Among the parallelogram bcdd ': bc=dd '=L
Because abc is an isosceles right triangle, acb=45 ° of ∠ bac=∠, ab=bc
So, L=ab=S
2-S
1
What moved the measured point before and after the distance that rail moves up and down and the reflecting plate 2 at angle at 45, ground moved equates apart from ab, and the side travel of the measured point b when promptly rail passes through high speed train by the measured point a before the high speed train with rail is apart from being S
2-S
1, directly draw vertical deviation amount L after the measurement difference calculating through laser displacement sensor 4 and also be S
2-S
1, laser displacement sensor 4 is S to the static fundamental distance of rail measured point a
1Be that rail all is in the data under the static relatively situation before train does not pass through tested rail, laser displacement sensor 4 is S to the dynamic distance of rail measured point b
2Be that rail is in the data under the current intelligence when train passes through tested rail.When high speed train presses measured point rail moment, rail generation vertical deviation, displacement are L.The reflecting plate 2 that be installed in the rail waist this moment L that descends simultaneously, laser displacement sensor 4 is transmitted into the b point of the rail reflecting surface after the decline, this moment laser displacement sensor to the measured point b point of rail apart from being S
2, S
2=S
1+ L.
By this metering system, convert the vertical deviation of track circuit to the horizontal throw variable quantity in 1: 1 ratio equivalence, realize the quick measurement of vertical deviation.When train passes through the road of bend, track switch, rail joint or irregularity, the existing vertical deviation of the rail of measured point, cross travel is arranged again, this moment, the data of laser displacement sensor 4 measurements were compound displacements, be vertical deviation and cross travel sum, will deduct by laser displacement sensor 3 measured cross travels again and get final product as obtaining vertical deviation.
Vertical deviation comprises that rail moves down displacement and bounce-back displacement, and cross travel comprises the horizontal left and right displacement of rail (outer displacement promptly).So should being observed reading, the actual value of rail vertical deviation deducts horizontal displacement in opposite directions; The actual value of rail bounce-back displacement should be that observed reading deducts the oppositely directed horizontal displacement of rail.
Fig. 5 be high-speed railway track circuit provided by the present invention laterally, one of the embodiment of metering circuit in the vertical dynamic displacement measuring device.Adopt laser displacement sensor 3,4 to aim in this embodiment to be installed in tested railway track waist reflecting plate 1 perpendicular to the ground and with measured point above the reflecting plate 2 at angle at 45, ground, measure the cross travel of track circuit and laterally add the compound displacement of vertical deviation. Laser displacement sensor 3,4 adopts the JG-1500 laser displacement sensor, presses measuring switch K
1, K
2 Laser displacement sensor 3,4 gets final product work, portable data is handled, read out instrument 5 adopts LD-2008 type digital processing instrument, the operational analysis circuit input end that the measurement signal mouth 6 and the measurement signal mouth 8 of laser displacement sensor 3,4 are received LD-2008 type digital processing instrument.The software that digital processing instrument in-to-in operational analysis circuit carries has " peeling " automatically function, promptly can the static fundamental distance in laser displacement sensor 3,4 measured point to the reflecting plate 1,2 that is attached to the rail waist all be set to zero automatically by internal processes, directly demonstrate cross travel and compound displacement (cross travel and vertical deviation sum), and be kept in the instrument record chip, on panel, show, understand some in the compound displacement data and be the cross travel component, directly deduct the cross travel amount and be the vertical deviation amount.Simultaneously, laser displacement sensor 4 fundamental distance of measured point static state to the reflecting plate 2 that is attached to the rail waist is set to zero automatically, after also can having eliminated train wheel effectively and sailing out of, rail can produce the influence of the minus deviation of slight bounce-back displacement to take off data again.Select the parts of JG-1500 laser displacement sensor as Displacement Measurement, the linear velocity when measuring the 200km/h train by speed is calculated:
200km/h＝20000000cm/3600s＝5555cm/s＝5.5cm/ms
Effectively measure length and calculate by 50cm according to JG-1500 laser displacement sensor fast response time 0.5ms, rail pressurized, wheel is about 10ms by the measuring surface 50cm time spent, and greater than 0.5ms sensor fast response time, result of a measurement is effective.Laser displacement sensor should be fixed on the firm support when using, and measuring head and rail measured point remain in the 0.5m-2.0m, was not less than or greater than this distance.The laser displacement sensor measured error satisfies the vertical deviation and the lateral displacement measurement requirement of high speed railway smaller or equal to 0.5mm.Consider high speed train by the time survey crew and measurement mechanism the safety detection distance be chosen in the 1000-2000mm.
Fig. 6 be high-speed railway track circuit provided by the present invention laterally, in the vertical dynamic displacement measuring device metering circuit embodiment two.Adopt identical laser displacement sensor 3,4 among this embodiment and the embodiment one, portable data is handled, read out instrument adopts notebook PC, and for distinguish to some extent with embodiment one, portable data is handled here, read out instrument 5 ' represents notebook PC.The USB mouth that the RS485 serial ports mouth 1 that laser displacement sensor 3,4 carries, mouth 5 are received notebook PC 5 ', cooperate laser displacement sensor special software SensoPART digital processing application software, on screen, directly read result of a measurement, simultaneously measured data are preserved, analyze so that file and further, with the processing of notebook PC by special software can directly demonstrate high-speed railway track circuit laterally, vertical dynamic displacement.Adopt the notebook PC more than 386 to get final product.
Fig. 7 be high-speed railway track circuit provided by the present invention laterally, in the vertical dynamic displacement measuring device metering circuit embodiment three.Portable data processing, read out instrument adopt LD-2008 type digital processing instrument 5 and notebook PC 5 ' to combine the advantage of above two embodiment among this embodiment.
It is horizontal further to understand high-speed railway track circuit provided by the present invention by the analysis of above embodiment, vertical dynamic displacement measuring device utilizes two laser displacement sensors 3,4 and be installed in tested railway track waist reflecting plate 1 perpendicular to the ground and handle with the reflecting plate 2 at angle at 45, ground and portable data, read out instrument 5 has been realized fast, the accurately on-the-spot high-speed railway track circuit that detects is horizontal, the purpose of vertical dynamic displacement amount, this measurement mechanism adopts non-contact measurement method, do not influence the circuit usage condition, guarantee train at a high speed by the time measuring instrument to railway security and operating provisions without any influence.Also without any influence, survey precision height, measured error are in 0.5mm to the precision of measurement for high speed train equally, and the measurement mechanism response time is fast.Adopt portable data processing, read out instrument, be convenient to on-the-spot random measurement, and cost only is the millesimal of " track detects the Train Dynamic detection technique ".The present invention also can use in the displacement detecting of bridge simultaneously.
Technological core of the present invention is to have adopted reflecting plate 1,2 perpendicular to the ground and at 45 with ground, can not directly do vertical measurement (can't be installed in above the track or the vertical deviation of following vertical survey rail) to laser displacement sensor to rail at laser displacement sensor, though adopt the method for reflecting plate simple in structure, very effective.But, require making and strictness of installation requirement to the reflecting plate that is installed in the rail waist, specific as follows:
(1) reflecting surface can not be too smooth, as common glass mirror, brightness stainless steel sheet etc., uses common engineering plastics, aluminium alloy plate or sprayed the stainless steel sheet that coats with lacquer, metal sheet etc. and all can.
(2) reflecting surface can not be coarse, especially have obviously concavo-convex and material, as timber etc.
Two kinds of embodiments of reflecting plate 1,2 of the present invention, after the use aluminum metal was milled system, reflecting surface spray one deck Mei Lianda moulded, and reflecting effect is fine, and roughness of surface is less than 0.001mm.Reflecting plate can use jig or at the reflecting plate back side magnet is installed when installing, directly be adsorbed on the rail waist and get final product, and simultaneously, cooperates level indicator to adjust setting angle, requires reflecting plate 1 must satisfy into 90 with ground.±0.5。, reflecting plate 2 must satisfy into 45 with ground.± 0.5 °, guarantee survey precision.Because vertical deviation is to be aimed at by laser displacement sensor 4 to be installed in the 2 measured compound displacements of rail waist and ground reflecting plate at 45 and to deduct to be aimed at by laser displacement sensor 3 and be installed in rail waist reflecting plate perpendicular to the ground 1 measured cross travel and draw, for making take off data accurate, two reflecting plates should be placed side by side, and selected two measured points should be chosen in the 20cm apart from less.
Claims (1)
- A high-speed railway track circuit laterally, vertical dynamic displacement measuring device, it is characterized in that by be installed in tested railway track waist reflecting plate (1) perpendicular to the ground and with the reflecting plate (2) at angle at 45, ground, laser displacement sensor (3,4) and portable data are handled, read out instrument (5) is formed, the measuring head of laser displacement sensor (3,4) is aimed at reflecting plate (1) and reflecting plate (2) respectively, and the output of laser displacement sensor (3,4) connects portable data processing, read out instrument (5).
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| CNA2008100137278A CN101219671A (en) | 2008-01-04 | 2008-01-04 | Transverse and vertical dynamic displacement measuring device of high-speed railway track circuit |
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| CNA2008100137278A CN101219671A (en) | 2008-01-04 | 2008-01-04 | Transverse and vertical dynamic displacement measuring device of high-speed railway track circuit |
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