CN101219577A - 塑料毛细管垫及其制造方法和制造设备 - Google Patents

塑料毛细管垫及其制造方法和制造设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101219577A
CN101219577A CNA2007103020346A CN200710302034A CN101219577A CN 101219577 A CN101219577 A CN 101219577A CN A2007103020346 A CNA2007103020346 A CN A2007103020346A CN 200710302034 A CN200710302034 A CN 200710302034A CN 101219577 A CN101219577 A CN 101219577A
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China
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capillary
transitional region
concetrated pipe
molded
outline
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English (en)
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约瑟夫·克莱默
阿耳布莱切特·鲍克
雷纳德·索布柴克
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BEKA HEIZ und KUEHLMATTEN GmbH
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BEKA HEIZ und KUEHLMATTEN GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0089—Systems using radiation from walls or panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B13/00—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped
    • B29B13/02—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped by heating
    • B29B13/023—Half-products, e.g. films, plates
    • B29B13/024—Hollow bodies, e.g. tubes or profiles
    • B29B13/025—Tube ends
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C57/00—Shaping of tube ends, e.g. flanging, belling or closing; Apparatus therefor, e.g. collapsible mandrels
    • B29C57/02—Belling or enlarging, e.g. combined with forming a groove
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1432—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface direct heating of the surfaces to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/20—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/72—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by combined operations or combined techniques, e.g. welding and stitching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7841—Holding or clamping means for handling purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/347—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined using particular temperature distributions or gradients; using particular heat distributions or gradients
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/348—Avoiding melting or weakening of the zone directly next to the joint area, e.g. by cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5224—Joining tubular articles for forming fork-shaped connections, e.g. for making Y-shaped pieces
    • B29C66/52241—Joining tubular articles for forming fork-shaped connections, e.g. for making Y-shaped pieces with two right angles, e.g. for making T-shaped pieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81415—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being bevelled
    • B29C66/81419—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being bevelled and flat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0089—Systems using radiation from walls or panels
    • F24F5/0092—Systems using radiation from walls or panels ceilings, e.g. cool ceilings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
    • F28F9/18—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding
    • F28F9/187—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding at least one of the parts being non-metallic, e.g. heat-sealing plastic elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8122—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81261—Thermal properties, e.g. thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29K2827/12—Use of polyvinylhalogenides or derivatives thereof as mould material containing fluorine
    • B29K2827/18—PTFE, i.e. polytetrafluorethene, e.g. ePTFE, i.e. expanded polytetrafluorethene
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    • F28F21/063—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material the heat-exchange apparatus employing tubular conduits for domestic or space-heating systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于制造塑料毛细管垫(1)的方法，在所述方法中将毛细管(3)轴向端部的焊接区(19)径向地焊接于集合管(2)，其中首先加热毛细管(3)的焊接区(19)和邻近于焊接区(19)的过渡区域(7)，同时增大过渡区域(7)的外直径(D4)并且接着将所述焊接区(19)压到所述集合管(2)。为了改进毛细管垫的机械负载性能，本发明提出，在互相挤压过程中在所述过渡区域(7)中模制预定外轮廓。

Description

塑料毛细管垫及其制造方法和制造设备
技术领域
[01]本发明涉及一种用于制造塑料毛细管垫的方法，在所述方法中将毛细管轴向端部的焊接区径向地焊接于集合管，其中首先加热毛细管的焊接区和邻近于焊接区的过渡区域，同时增大过渡区域的外直径并且接着将焊接区压到集合管。
[02]此外，本发明涉及一种用于制造塑料毛细管垫的设备，所述设备包括：至少一个加热装置，通过该加热装置加热毛细管轴向端部的焊接区和过渡区域以及集合管的环绕分叉开口的待焊接区；和输送装置，通过该输送装置能将焊接区相对于待焊接区移动。
[03]此外，本发明涉及一种塑料毛细管垫，所述塑料毛细管垫包括：至少一个集合管，其具有至少一个分叉开口；和至少一个毛细管，其环绕分叉开口与集合管焊接并且通入到集合管中；其中毛细管端部的过渡区域的外直径朝着集合管方向增大。
背景技术
[04]从现有技术中已知这种毛细管垫以及与之相关的方法和设备。毛细管垫例如应用在通风天花板中，以便可以调节例如办公空间或者整个办公楼的室内空间的空气。与通过调节温度的气流来加热或者冷却空间的传统空调设备不同，在通风天花板中设置的毛细管垫通过其热辐射调节室内空间的空气而没有传统空调设备的气流产生的噪音和风声。
[05]毛细管垫在工作时由加热流体或者冷却流体流过。加热流体或者冷却流体由加热流体供应单元或者冷却流体供应单元调节温度，所述单元在回路中与毛细管垫连接。毛细管垫通常包括至少两个带有加热流体供应单元或者冷却流体供应单元的集合管道，在集合管道之间形成有多个平行的毛细管。商业上的毛细管垫由导热的、耐腐蚀且可焊接的塑料制成。
[06]在制造毛细管垫时，例如外直径直到大约6mm的毛细管与集合管材料配合地焊接。集合管的外直径基本上比毛细管的外直径更大，例如大约20mm。集合管具有位于待焊接位置的分叉开口，毛细管在焊接后通入到该分叉开口中。为了焊接，加热集合管的环绕分叉开口的待焊接区以及毛细管的轴向端部，使得它们的塑料材料变软。接着变软的区域互相相对挤压并且保持到冷却。
[07]例如在DE 197 253 26 C2中描述了一种用于制造毛细管垫的制造方法。在该方法中，加热毛细管，使得毛细管端部的内直径变大。通过变大的内直径，能够防止在焊接时管道横截面的不希望的减小。
[08]DE 197 25 326 C2的方法具有如下缺点：由于机械应力——例如在毛细管垫的安装时，能够导致在毛细管和集合管之间的管连接损坏。这样的损坏导致泄漏以及更大的装配成本。
发明内容
[09]针对上述缺点，本发明的目的在于改进毛细管垫的机械负载能力。
[10]对于上述的方法而言，本发明的目的以如下方式实现：在互相挤压期间在过渡区域中模制预定的外轮廓。
[11]对于上述用于制造毛细管垫的设备而言，本发明的目的通过具有至少一个造型面的冲模实现，该冲模在过渡区域模制预定的外轮廓。
[12]在上述毛细管垫中通过在过渡区域模制有预定外轮廓来实现上述目的。
[13]根据本发明的解决方案具有如下优点，在毛细管和集合管之间的管连接相对于现有技术更牢固并且能够更好地承受机械应力，例如在毛细管垫安装时由弯曲产生的机械应力。通过预定外轮廓，避免能够引起切口效应的诸如凸肩或台阶的形状。因此确保在毛细管和集合管之间能避免切口效应的形状的连接。通过将过渡区域模制成预定的外轮廓，加强了在受到特别机械的应力的过渡区域中的连接，因为在形成过程中建立了塑料材料的聚合物链。
[14]根据本发明的解决方案能够通过不同的、互相独立的分别有利的实施方式进一步扩展。将在下面说明这些实施方式以及分别与这些实施方式相关的优点。
[15]所以，在焊接前加热集合管的环绕分叉开口的待焊接区的上述方法中，在加热待焊接区期间，通过在分叉开口中设置的散热器排放热量。这具有如下优点：仅轻微地加热分叉开口并且保持分叉开口的直径基本不变。
[16]根据本发明的方法能够特别快和简单地实施，当通过在过渡区域中模制外轮廓，特别沿输送方向将焊接区压在集合管上。此外在焊接期间，冲模将焊接区压于集合管上并且同时在过渡区域模制预定外轮廓。
[17]为了辅助由冲模对外轮廓的模制，在模制外轮廓期间，沿与输送方向相反的方向拉动毛细管的邻近于过渡区域的垫区域离开集合管。所以拉动过渡区域支撑地靠在冲模的造型表面。
[18]为了制造结构简单并且机械耐久的焊接连接，毛细管的端部能够模制成基本上锥形外轮廓。显而易见，也可以模制诸如曲线形的其他轮廓。
[19]在上述设备的有利的实施形式中，冲模具有挤压表面，通过该挤压表面能够将焊接区压到待焊接区。所以，在冲模模制过渡区域的外轮廓期间，所述冲模同时辅助焊接。挤压表面能够形成在造型表面旁边或者由造型表面形成。
[20]此外，加热装置具有至少一个能设置在分叉开口中散热的散热器，通过该散热器排放热量。这具有如下优点，散热器冷却集合管的分叉开口区域并且因此防止分叉开口由于热膨胀导致的横截面的变化。
[21]为了在集合管和散热器之间实现良好的热交换，散热器构成为销形，基本上与所述分叉开口互补。此外，插入的具有额定直径的销能够防止分叉开口的直径减小。减小的直径导致较小的流通量并且导致在毛细管垫工作时的加热或者冷却效率减小。
[22]所述散热器由塑料制成，特别由特氟纶(Teflon)制成。特氟纶是特别合适的材料，因为它具有良好的导热性并且直到大约350℃也是稳定的。
[23]在上述毛细管垫的有利的进一步改进中，在过渡区域中模制有基本上锥形的外轮廓，从而集合管和毛细管之间的连接结构简单但耐久。
[24]在上述的毛细管垫中，所述分叉开口的直径比所述毛细管的除过渡区域之外的直径更大。所以能够克服DE 197 25 326 C2的方法的限制，其中分叉开口的直径必须小于或者等于毛细管的直径。
附图说明
[25]下面参照附图示例性地描述本发明。不同的特征能够互相独立地组合，如其在上面在各个有利的实施方式中已经说明的那样。其中：
[26]图1是根据本发明的毛细管垫的示例性实施形式的示意图；
[27]图2是图1中的毛细管垫的集合管和毛细管之间的连接的示意性剖视图；
[28]图3是根据本发明的用于带有根据图2的管连接的毛细管垫的制造设备；
[29]图4是图3中的设备在第二装配位置。
具体实施方式
[30]首先参照图1描述根据本发明的毛细管垫1的整个结构。
[31]毛细管垫1包括两个集合管2，它们通过多个平行的毛细管3连接。集合管2在端部上分别具有连接接头4，通过所述连接接头能够将集合管连接于加热流体回路和冷却流体回路。在毛细管垫1工作时，加热流体或者冷却流体流入到两个集合管2中的一个中。加热流体或冷却流体从上述集合管2通过毛细管3流向另一个集合管2。加热流体或冷却流体从第二集合管2流回到加热流体回路和冷却流体回路中。毛细管垫1例如安装在室内空间的通风天花板中。当加热流体或冷却流体流经毛细管3时，相应地调节通风天花板的温度并因此调节室内空间的温度。
[32]集合管2和毛细管3都由导热的、耐腐蚀的且可焊接的塑料制成。每个毛细管3的轴向端部与集合管2液密地焊接。在下面例如参照图2描述集合管2和毛细管3之间的管连接5。
[33]如图2所示，集合管2的壁在毛细管3的区域中具有分叉开口6。分叉开口6基本上沿径向形成并且具有基本上恒定的直径D1。分叉开口6连接集合管2的内部和毛细管3的内部。
[34]毛细管3从集合管2基本上径向向外形成并且具有沿该方向前后排列的焊接区19、过渡区域7和未变形的垫区域20。
[35]在图2中所示的实施形式中，毛细管3的垫区域20的内直径D2小于分叉开口6的直径D1。垫区域20的外直径D3远小于集合管2的外直径D6。在毛细管3端部的过渡区域7中，毛细管3的外直径从外直径D3连续地增大到外直径D4。在过渡区域7中，毛细管3具有基本上呈锥形的外轮廓和内轮廓。在过渡区域7端部处的焊接区19的内直径D5比分叉开口6的直径D1更大。毛细管3在焊接区19中通过环形连接表面8与集合管2材料配合地焊接。环形连接表面8的端侧位于直径D4和D5之间。
[36]通过锥形构成的过渡区域7，毛细管3特别稳定地与集合管2连接，因为轮廓构成为平的并且没有切口。外轮廓以流畅的过渡从焊接区19通过过渡区域7直到垫区域20。所以避免了切口效应引起的边缘，使得根据本发明的连接具有高机械负载能力。该连接能够承受机械的影响，例如毛细管3相对于集合管2的相当的弯曲。此外，连接表面8通过锥形轮廓相对于直径D2和D3之间的环形表面增大。
[37]下面参照图3和4描述图2中所示的管连接5的制造。
[38]管连接5例如借助于制造设备17制造。制造设备17包括加热装置14、输送装置25和冲模15。
[39]为了制造管连接5，首先通过加热装置14的第一加热元件11从外围在长度L上加热待连接的还未变形毛细管3的端侧10。因为加热元件11没有突入到毛细管3的内部并且没有较强地加热内部，所以毛细管3的塑料材料在外围比在内围更快地熔化。因此可以看出，熔化的材料从内向外流动并且因此在加热的过渡区域7中的内直径和外直径都增大。同时在过渡区域7中毛细管壁的朝向毛细管3的端部逐渐变厚(Verdickung)。当加热元件11加热了毛细管越长，那么在加热区域中的毛细管壁的变厚就越大。
[40]同时集合管2的环绕分叉开口6的环形待焊接区21由加热装置14的第二加热元件12加热。在这种情况下，第二加热元件12与位于集合管2的外围的待焊接区21接触。在加热集合管2期间，具有直径基本上等于分叉开口6的直径D1的销状散热器13插入到分叉开口16中。销状的散热器13由塑料制成，优选地由特氟纶制成。特氟纶具有良好的导热性并且直到大约350℃是稳定的。散热器13在集合管2的加热期间冷却分叉开口6的内周表面并且因此防止由热膨胀导致的直径D1变化。
[41]在图3和4的示例性实施形式中，根据本发明的加热装置14包括第一加热元件11、第二加热元件12和散热器13。
[42]在毛细管3和集合管2被加热之后，去除加热装置14。接着，通过输送装置25将集合管2和毛细管3接合到一起。输送装置25具有用于集合管2的第一夹具18和用于毛细管3的第二夹具19′。夹具18、19′能够相对互相移动，以便毛细管3的焊接区19相对于集合管2的待焊接区21运动。
[43]当毛细管3接触集合管2时，输送装置25停止。接着，包围毛细管3的冲模15沿输送方向朝集合管2的方向移动，如图4所示。因此冲模15的挤压面24将毛细管3的焊接区18的连接表面8压靠在集合管2上，使得毛细管3与集合管2焊接。同时通过冲模15的压力以及造型表面16的沿Z方向的力，在过渡区域7中模制上述的锥形轮廓。为了辅助在过渡区域7中的模制，附加地通过夹具19′沿与输送方向Z相反的方向拉动毛细管3的垫区域20离开集合管2，而冲模15将毛细管3压靠于集合管2。所以，毛细管3的还热的可变形的过渡区域7更好地获得了冲模15的造型表面16的形状。
[44]可替代地，为了焊接，首先通过输送装置25将毛细管3移动到集合管2的附近。接着，冲模15朝集合管2的方向运动，使得它将毛细管3的连接表面8压靠于集合管2并且焊接于集合管2。通过冲模15的运动同时能够模制出过渡区域7的锥形外轮廓。
[45]冲模具有直径为D7的冲模孔22，直径D7略微大于毛细管的直径D3。在朝向集合管2的一侧，冲模孔22具有构成造型表面16的斜面23。在图3和4中的实施形式中，斜面23形成为例如45°的角。朝向斜面23的过渡部优选地倒圆，以避免管连接处的边缘。可替代地，造型表面16具有诸如弧形的其他形状。
[46]如上所述，在加热时增大毛细管3管壁的直径。通过这种增厚，形成为锥形的过渡区域7具有如毛细管3的未变形垫区域20一样的厚度。所以避免毛细管3在过渡区7中的损害。通过在过渡区域7中形成锥形外轮廓，获得塑料材料的聚合物链，使得在管2、3之间的连接特别稳定。由于锥形过渡区域7桥接在分叉开口6和毛细管3的内直径D2之间的直径差，所以分叉开口6的直径D1比垫区域20的直径D2更大是可以的。

Claims (15)

1.一种用于制造塑料毛细管垫(1)的方法，在所述方法中将毛细管(3)的轴向端部的焊接区(19)径向地焊接在集合管(2)上，其中首先加热毛细管(3)的焊接区(19)以及邻近于所述焊接区(19)的过渡区域(7)，同时增大所述过渡区域(7)的外直径(D4)并且接着将所述焊接区(19)压于所述集合管(2)上，其特征在于，在互相挤压过程中在所述过渡区域(7)中模制预定的外轮廓。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在焊接前加热在集合管(2)上的环绕分叉开口(6)形成的待焊接区(21)，其特征在于，在加热待焊接区(21)期间热量通过设置在所述分叉开口(6)中的散热器(13)排放。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，通过在所述过渡区域(7)中模制所述外轮廓，将所述焊接区(19)压到所述集合管(2)上。
4.如上述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在焊接期间通过冲模(15)将所述焊接区(19)压到集合管(2)上并且同时在所述过渡区域(7)中模制所述预定的外轮廓。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，在焊接期间以及在模制所述外轮廓期间，将所述冲模(15)沿输送方向(Z)压靠在所述集合管(2)上。
6.如上述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在模制所述外轮廓期间，沿与输送方向(Z)相反的方向拉动所述毛细管(3)的邻近于过渡区域(7)的垫区域(20)离开集合管。
7.如上述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述过渡区域(7)中模制基本上锥形的外轮廓。
8.一种用于制造塑料毛细管垫(1)的设备(17)，包括：至少一个加热装置(14)，通过所述加热装置能加热毛细管(3)端部的焊接区(19)和过渡区域(7)以及集合管(2)的环绕分叉开口(6)的待焊接区(21)；以及输送装置(18)，通过所述输送装置能将所述焊接区(19)向所述待焊接区(21)移动，其特征在于，具有至少一个造型表面(16)的冲模(15)，通过所述造型表面能在所述过渡区域(7)中模制预定外轮廓。
9.如权利要求8所述的设备，其特征在于，所述冲模(15)具有挤压表面(24)，通过所述挤压表面(24)能将所述焊接区(19)压靠于所述待焊接区(21)。
10.如权利要求8或9所述的设备，其特征在于，所述加热装置(14)具有至少一个能设置在所述分叉开口(6)中的散热器(13)，通过所述散热器排放热量。
11.如权利要求10所述的设备，其特征在于，所述散热器(13)构成为销形，基本上与所述分叉开口互补。
12.如权利要求10或11所述的设备，其特征在于，所述散热器(13)由塑料制成，特别由特氟纶制成。
13.一种塑料毛细管垫(1)，包括：至少一个集合管(2)，其具有至少一个分叉开口(6)；和至少一个毛细管(3)，其环绕所述分叉开口(6)与所述集合管焊接并且通入所述集合管(2)中；其中所述毛细管(3)端部的过渡区域(7)的外直径(D4)朝所述集合管(2)增大，其特征在于，在所述过渡区域(7)中模制有预定的外轮廓。
14.如权利要求13所述的毛细管垫(1)，其特征在于，在所述过渡区域(7)中模制有基本上锥形的外轮廓。
15.如权利要求13或14所述的毛细管垫(1)，其特征在于，所述分叉开口(6)的直径(D1)比所述毛细管(3)的除过渡区域(7)之外的直径(D2)更大。
CNA2007103020346A 2006-12-21 2007-12-20 塑料毛细管垫及其制造方法和制造设备 Pending CN101219577A (zh)

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CN104296429A (zh) * 2014-11-05 2015-01-21 际高贝卡科技有限公司 毛细管空调末端
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102320128A (zh) * 2011-04-08 2012-01-18 李世鹏 一种热熔性塑料热熔性塑料毛细管网栅焊接加工设备及方法
CN104296429A (zh) * 2014-11-05 2015-01-21 际高贝卡科技有限公司 毛细管空调末端
CN108731508A (zh) * 2017-04-18 2018-11-02 浙江盾安机械有限公司 毛细管换热器
CN108731508B (zh) * 2017-04-18 2021-07-20 浙江盾安机械有限公司 毛细管换热器

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