CN101218547B - Balance spring, regulated balance wheel assembly and methods of manufacture thereof - Google Patents
Balance spring, regulated balance wheel assembly and methods of manufacture thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101218547B CN101218547B CN2006800247120A CN200680024712A CN101218547B CN 101218547 B CN101218547 B CN 101218547B CN 2006800247120 A CN2006800247120 A CN 2006800247120A CN 200680024712 A CN200680024712 A CN 200680024712A CN 101218547 B CN101218547 B CN 101218547B
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Abstract
A balance spring comprises a flat spiral coil and a non-elastic inner attachment part formed by laser beam cutting. The spring has an outer attachment plate in the plane of the coil formed with a channel which receives and protects the outer winding of the coil. The outer attachment plate has a curved attachment edge which allows the location of the oscillator dead point to be varied without affecting spring frequency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the improvement to escapement quality and timing annex (mass and timing appendages), before this, the inventor has introduced the shape and the manufacturing process of hairspring in WO2004/008259 and WO2005/040943.
Background technology
Escapement in clock mechanism or other exact instrument requires isochronous oscillation, and this restoring couple for hairspring provides needed inertia.For the given restoring couple of hairspring, balance inertia can find by regulating its revolution barycenter.Therefore in the high-quality calculagraph, hairspring has fixing effective length, to having fixing restoring couple under the fixed temperature.
Summary of the invention
Hairspring is made
In first aspect, the present invention relates to improvement, especially the shaping and the finishing stage of hairspring manufacturing to the hairspring manufacture process.
First kind of improvement provides the another kind of manufacturing process of helical hair spring.But this technology is particularly suitable for being not limited to pottery or is considered to isotropic and is in other material of the state that may embody its final densities and inherent mechanical property.Substantially, this method relates to and uses the laser beam spiral that cutting is made up of a plurality of coils from the layer of hairspring material (for example plane Archimedean screw, i.e. rule expansion spiral, regularlydeveloping spiral).Beam cutting can make spiral very accurately be shaped, and of the present invention first improve by cut hairspring from one deck hairspring material and utilize this point, and the interior connecting portion of described hairspring promptly is connected to the part of the escapement in the oscillating mechanism, is stiff.In other words, avoided connecting portion in conventional elasticity driffractive ring sleeve pipe and other the known elasticity.The benefit of the hairspring of this structure will be discussed with reference to the third aspect hereinafter.
Therefore, the present invention can provide the manufacturing process of the hairspring of a kind of clock and watch oscillating mechanism or other exact instrument, and it comprises: the one or more layers that form the hairspring material; Produce laser beam passing this one or more layers, and pass this place and cut; To the laser beam channeling conduct in these one or more layers, make to produce relative motion between this laser beam and the described layer that therefore, the hairspring that laser beam will comprise spiral and non-resilient interior connecting portion cuts out from one or more layers of resilient material.
Preferably, interior connecting portion and spiral one are cut out.Yet, can also cut out these parts separately and they are joined together to form hairspring.
Preferably, the central space of laser beam excision spiral, so exterior loop keeps being connected on the layer of hairspring material, for example for further manufacturing process.These operations can comprise coats the condensate of stupalith (for example boron nitride, silit, silicon dioxide or other pottery) or carbon or shape (polymer or form of carbon) to regulate its elastic performance with the carbon of amorphous form.Also can adopt the coating of a kind of or other combination of materials of in WO2004/008259, mentioning.
The material itself that excises from spiral can have spirality, and can be used in the hairspring.
The hairspring material can exist with the form of plane monolithic or multi-layer stacks, and described multi-layer stacks has or do not have the layer of separation.Can use the concrete form of photon or ion beam, be preferably cold laser with the dark performance degree of depth (performance depth) and meticulous beamwidth.When the direction of beam was preferably vertical with the plane of one or more material piece, the rule that relative motion is used to remove in the hairspring shape was gradually opened spiral space.Beam source can maybe needn't be maintained fixed.Preferably the hairspring material for example rotates the peaceful course of the beam that moves past for movably.
In case made spiral space, remaining coil material shape just defines hairspring, and when a plurality of when not stacked, each hairspring can surround material from its residue and remove, perhaps in its each sheet ambient, keep connecting to be used for further manufacturing procedure, as explained above.
Same technology can be applied to the material of cylinder or other original shape, and wherein, the laser for example round nose with cylinder is vertical, and the length dimension of incision material shape.Laser can suitably be cut and wear or do not cut the edge of wearing cylinder.Preferably, second laser or other cutting operation are vertical so that cut and the corresponding layer of helical hair spring (for example discoid fragment) with the axis of rotation of cylinder, and described layer has or do not have its material ambient, described in WO2005/040943.
The beam cutting can be adopted the combination of any precise laser or ion beam technology or electricity, machinery, ultrasound wave, chemistry or steam means or these precise materials removal technology.What preferred employing was cold profoundly cuts the excimer laser technology or other cold/non-cold laser technology, for example yag laser (YAG lasers), copper vapor laser, CO
2Laser is more preferably cooperated with conventional beam deflection technique, so hairspring can also be made by the identical materials sheet with escapement, balance staff (balance staff), roller (roller) and impulse pin.Therefore all integral body can be made by identical original material sheet, and keep unified, and do not need to assemble as necessary in the prior art each parts.
Second improves the method (being disclosed in WO2005/040943) that relates to production planar spiral hairspring, wherein hairspring material (continuous carbon fibre, ceramic fiber, pottery, condensate or carbon family) is wrapped on the fine and close cylinder roller, it has interval insulant, and described clearance material is separated a coil and another coil that has equal thickness on its whole length.The inventor has been found that the favorable method of realizing additional space into the most external coil at present, this is connected on the mechanical hook-up will being convenient to coil after a while, here, continuous carbon fibre, ceramic fiber, pottery, condensate or carbon family hairspring are provided with at interval and the non-sticky medium.
According to this second improvement, as described in the WO2005/040943, between the inside and outside coil that spacer element is placed preparation (rolled preparation) through reeling, for example, by the preparation through reeling is inserted in the cylinder of suitable material, described suitable material for example is metal or condensate or such as the organic fibrous material of wood paper or cardboard, top outer coil can be spaced apart with given radius Inside coil, and has inside surface, its shape makes Inside coil be wrapped in spacer element (for example cylinder) inside, and keeps rule to launch with same interval.
Spacer element is preferably made and is made the volume of hairspring material and interval insulant thereof be full of it and be pressed in its inside.Spacer element comprises opening, and the crack on cylindrical wall for example is so that the hairspring material can be withdrawn into the outside of spacer element.Preferably, the crack is parallel with cylindrical axis of rotation.Spacer element preferably has its shape makes the hairspring metal can be wrapped in the outside surface of the outside of spacer element (preferably identical for inside winding implication) continuously.Preferably, outside wire turn twines around the outside of spacer element (right cylinder) then and is fixing, for example with belt or fastening agent or overlay device, for example slips over another right cylinder of all integral body.
In this device, the thickness of spacer element (distance between surface and the outside surface within it) can provide between interior group of coil and outermost coil or some coils at interval.The passage that passes the opening in the spacer element preferably promotes the hairspring material, with take one provide wideer interval between the outside and inner coil of right cylinder and be used for simultaneously expanding with one heart or shrink finishing after the route of hairspring.
Preferably, remove interval between adjacent windings, keep the preparation through reeling of hairspring material, offer each hairspring, as before described in the WO2005/040943 so that it is cut into slices at heat treatment stages subsequently.Should improve according to of the present invention, during these heat treatment steps or before, obtain the spatial relationship between Inside coil and the external coil.
For the machining steps after the thermal treatment, the hairspring material may need its interior loop volume is full of support material, for example polymeric foam plastics (it is very suitable that the polyfoam that is used for buoyancy in ship is found to be) therefore can provide certain rigid and damping for the preparation through reeling.
Preferably, for example by injection, immersion or other appropriate method, between coil, introduce solvable condensate or other removable material.Finish and support material when hardening fully when this operation, can cut (machine work) operation.
In the 3rd improves, the present invention's advised being shaped another pre-Preparation Method of one or more hairsprings.But this aspect is particularly suitable for pottery or carbon fiber in the not only suitable carbon base body hairspring.
Correspondingly, can provide the manufacturing process of the hairspring of a kind of clock and watch oscillating mechanism or other exact instrument, it comprises: the hairspring material of virgin state is incorporated in the passage that forms in the surface of partition adjustable material; The coiling interval insulant is so that passage forms the coiling structure, and the adjacent turn of coil is spaced apart the layer of material and separates; Material after processing is reeled is to be transformed into end-state with the hairspring material from its virgin state; And remove interval insulant.Interval insulant is preferably plane layer, for example with the pre-prepd prefabricated film of refining passage parallel to each other.Can by mechanical engraving or coiling operation or by photoetching or chemical etching operation by chemistry, water, electricity, laser or arbitrarily the precise materials removal means of other beam treatment means of known frequency spectrum wavelength make described passage.The xsect of passage is preferably identical with the xsect of hairspring, and passage can be formed on the one or both sides of sheet.Preferably, after the hairspring material was incorporated in the passage in the sheet, whole was then twining minor diameter fuse (for example being right cylinder), described minor diameter fuse preferably with channel vertical at an end place of this sheet.This fuse can be bonded to the material in the passage wittingly gradually.Can handle follow-up cylinder material volume then so that be in ' virgin state ' so sheet on material forward subsequently translate phase to, described translate phase can comprise polymerization, carbonization, sintering, vitrifacation or graphited one or more process.
In case comprising each hairspring of support material downcuts from the preparation right cylinder, so described hairspring just preferably can by be preferably accurate mach method (suitable lapping compound grinds as adopting known in the precision preparation of wrist-watch jewelry in the industry, lappingout and polishing) or alternatively by one or more accurately control, comprise that the precise materials removal method of chemistry, water, electricity, laser or other beam treatment measure of known frequency spectrum wavelength arbitrarily is processed into the height of needs in batches.
The hairspring that comprises support material can be fixed to holder in batches, described holder can have or not have the essence of the accurate degree of depth and cut recess, described essence is cut recess and is appeared at grinding head (lapping head) or material removal tool or surface of contact, so that all elements of this batch simultaneously or handle same accurate dimension continuously.
When sizing stage and polishing stage finish, can by heat, chemistry, electricity, machinery, water or arbitrarily other beam treatment measure of the wavelength of known frequency spectrum remove the Inside coil support material.If should need in the stage, can also further apply and handle.
In the 4th improves, continuous carbon fibre hairspring in the vitreous carbon matrix can be by obtaining in the sleeve pipe that carbon fiber is coated onto or is inserted into condensate or other suitable material, described material provides needed carbon density in final matrix, that is to say, in case the words that non-material with carbon element is excluded in operation is handled.
Be with polymer bushing insulator, be preferably under the situation of continuous fiber goods, carrying out the moulding of hairspring when being in its physics mecystasis at condensate (no matter being thermoplastics or thermosetting plastics).Sleeve pipe fibre itself can scribble the non-sticky medium in appearance, and therefore adjacent hairspring coil can be not bonding mutually, and perhaps sleeve pipe itself can be a non-sticky.The shape of this material product can be reeled, and therefore the adjacent windings of arbitrary hairspring can be in contact with one another.The sleeve pipe fibre can singlely be wrapped on arbor or the mandrel, and therefore perhaps a plurality of being wrapped on arbor or the mandrel form a lot of sleeve pipes on public mandrel.
Alternatively, prepared sleeve pipe fiber can be placed in the sheet of the non-sticky separation that has passage in advance, and suitable minor diameter fuse is across the fiber ends that is with sleeve pipe, and the mandrel that is used for cylindrical roll as described above is such.
The thermal conversion process preferably reduces the cumulative volume of element by polymeric carbonization, pyrolysis, graphitization or vitrified one or more methods, thereby bigger interval is provided between adjacent windings.Therefore, the interval of coil can be determined by two kinds of methods, i.e. casing thickness and Inside coil interval insulant.The polymer compounds of sleeve pipe allows more or less non-material with carbon element of volatility to evaporate in this process, thus determine between coil, to obtain the space.
Also expectation can realize a kind of hairspring flattened method of suitable stage in the mill that makes.This can realize that described plate can be by boring to receive the fuse of any projection that links to each other with the hairspring center by hairspring being placed heat between two blocks of smooth and preferably parallel plates being made by suitable non-cohesive material.When so doing, the upper edge surface of propelling coil and lower limb surface to be occupying the position in their opposing parallel plane, expands in the volume of hairspring between these two parallel planes of its final form and shrink thereby be in.
Guarantee that also advantageously hairspring launches from its center rule.This can carry out as follows: adopt aforesaid two blocks of parallel-plates, but in every block of plate, be added with ' V ' shape spiral major trough, board slot is identical mirror image each other, so that put together and hairspring between this two boards the time when two boards, the upper surface of hairspring and lower surface are advanced along the true route of ' V ' shape groove that is carved.
Then hairspring can be heated, chemistry or electric treatment or by the beam treatment of any wavelength of known frequency spectrum.Preferably, can also realize the adjusting with tempering or hairspring and/or its terminal curve or its physical characteristics of reorientating of hairspring in this way.
Escapement
In the patented claim WO2005/040943 that announces, the inventor has described the quality add-on assemble that the escapement with the non-magnetosensitive sense of low-thermal-expansion uses, and the part how add-on assemble is set for the revolution barycenter of regulating escapement.
Realize by following manner before this,, that is, use lateral arrangement peripheral screw and or packing ring or eccentric screw or off-centre ' c ' shape counterweight, described counterweight be fixed on the pin or with the blind hole of the Surface Vertical of flat escapement in.
A second aspect of the present invention relates to this situation: along with temperature rises, hairspring to be launching near linear and ' unusual ' or positive Young modulus slightly, as mention in front open disclosed in.
Usually, a second aspect of the present invention suggestion quality annex, it may be received in the respective aperture that is formed in the escapement and can insert in this hole so that can be fixed on this place, for example by frictional fit or expansion or bonding.Therefore, for example do not need screw or sell so extra Connection Element.Therefore, a second aspect of the present invention can provide a kind of balance wheel assembly that is used in the clock and watch oscillating mechanism, and this balance wheel assembly has the plane escapement that is used for the hairspring isochronous oscillation; And can be installed on the escapement to regulate a plurality of quality annexes of its revolution barycenter, wherein said escapement has the hole that is used for each quality annex that is formed at wherein, and each quality annex may be received in its corresponding hole and can be fixed to its inwall.Preferably, the quality annex can expand into normal condition from installment state, and in described installment state, the quality annex may be received in its corresponding hole, and in described normal condition, the quality annex can for example be fixed in its hole by frictional fit.Therefore, each annex may be expanded in normal condition by the tightly clamping of its hole.
Preferably, a plurality of (two or more) quality annex is in the position that balance is provided for escapement.Preferred but what be not limited to is that described hole is basically perpendicular to the escapement plane and forms.
Preferably, each quality annex comprises tubular support, receives quality of regulation in tubular support.Bearing preferably is arranged to expand so that the quality annex is fixed in its hole.
Preferably, bearing has the slit that passes its wall on the direction parallel with its tube's axis.Bearing preferably has the slight recess of vertical its tube's axis, and this recess preferably is cut in the outer surface of pipe.
In installment state, bearing is introduced in its corresponding hole in the escapement.Described hole is preferably passed the hole of escapement from a planar side to another (preferably also being the plane) side.For example the recess that is provided with along circumference in the wall of bearing is preferably arranged like this, so that bearing can elastic expansion and will self be fixed in the hole of appropriate size.Preferred but be not limited to be, recess in bearing or the hole in the escapement stud with or scribble or otherwise be provided with layer of material, described material not only provides the adhesion of enhancing, can also absorb the machinery and/or the thermal expansion of mounting assembly.
Alternatively or additionally, regulating element itself can directly be inserted in the hole of passing escapement, and does not need bearing.
Preferably (but being not limited to), regulating element can be inserted in bearing or the escapement by screw.In other words, regulating element can be screwed in bearing or the escapement by the screw thread that for example cuts out on its whole cylinder length.Regulating element is screwed into bearing is further expanded, thus bearing because it can not shrink by clamping tightly; Equally, clamping is on the throne tightly by its screw thread and with the inherent flexible retroaction of bearing 6 for regulating element.
Regulating element can have screw terminal and/or can be for cylindrical, and to described screw or right cylinder boring, its centre of gyration is departed from the hole of being bored, and is on the axis parallel with its axis of rotation, and passes all or part of of its length.By this passage best penetration cylindrical edge of forming of boring, thereby (by slight curving to formed tip outside) provides the measure of the friction force that increase or minimizing regulating element contact with the screw thread of its bearing.In case add-on assemble is in original position, can cut this passage to remove quality by the beam treatment measure of laser or any spectral wavelength or by plasma or anodic attack.
Have at screw under the situation of head, preferably, the eccentric bit hole path can penetrate the head of screw.No matter regulating element is screw head dummy or flat circle column type, the eccentric bit hole path of regulating element can be as the hole of instrument that can insert special shape, to be rotated adjustings, regulating element is inserted into bearing or escapement neutralizes pull down regulating element from bearing or escapement.
Provide correct inertia in order to find the quality that needs so that for oscilator system, can on the top of seat tube or bottom or two ends, the edge be set, and the shape at described edge can be made and makes enough air flow through attachment surface to reduce air resistance.
The head of regulating element can also have the size that allows to form additional mass, so that enough air flow through its surface.
In addition, the head of regulating element or the edge of bearing can be eccentric, and not only are used for the quality adjustment of escapement under the situation of hairspring with ' normally ', negative Young modulus expansion in other words, and are used for the residuals temperatures compensation.Eccentric regulating element head or support edges be along can being positioned to towards centre of gyration moving mass, thereby along with the rising of temperature reduces the inertia of escapement, vice versa.
Preferably, assembly be constructed such that annex can not be projected on (preferably yet is the plane) escapement surface or under, but remain in the thickness between the upper and lower plane.
Assembly can also be radially in the centre of gyration be inserted in the edge at the escapement of lateral location and with the escapement plane parallel.In this case, regulating element is in longitudinal axis adjusted rotating mass, and needn't hole.Alternatively, the combination of regulating element can be used in radially and run through the direction on two planes.
Regulating element can radially be fixed on the low escapement edge of thermal expansion; Bearing can have extending part, and described extending part is for example along the centre of gyration of radial hole projection to escapement.Extending part preferably provides the residuals temperatures compensation.Extending part can also be formed in the shape that its inner terminal has mass concentration, but is not limited to this shape.The material of regulating element is preferably the thermal expansivity material higher than escapement.
The hairspring shape
A third aspect of the present invention relates in the hairspring and the shape of outer end portion and hairspring is fixed on method in the oscilator system of mechanical timer or other exact instrument.
The problem that will overcome in hairspring of the present invention and hairspring oscilator system requires to use new material, described new material overcome present magnetic and heat fluctuation and make and assembling process in interior in inexactness.
Hairspring in conventional the use is as Rhometal and have the square-section, and its active length and oscillator frequency are thus limited by link to each other with the watch frame position of part of hairspring.This normally by with hairspring blade (spring blade) pin joint, glue together or be welded to and realizes described given position generation given oscillation frequency in the stud bolt of given position.Thereafter, stud bolt is inserted in the receiving equipment on the bezel, cluster frame.
In the standard machinery table, be used to control effective active length of hairspring at the spacer pin of hairspring top outer coil upper edge radial effect, because when hairspring and pin came in contact, the oscillator amplitude changed along with the position change of table.
The frequency of operation of oscilator system can limit by another kind of method, promptly changes the inertia of escapement by the revolution barycenter that changes escapement, and this method is applied in high-quality and the high-precision table.Oscillator in these tables or instrument is known as free spring and does not have spacer pin.
In order to obtain best tautochronism energy, hairspring must be installed on the oscillating mechanism with the highest precision.Hairspring must launch in the concentric mode of rule around the centre of gyration axis of oscillator, promptly expand or shrink, and all hairspring coils must remain on perpendicular to axis of rotation and is parallel in the same plane on escapement plane.Therefore, coil should not rise and fall upon deployment and break away from the plane.
Conventional metal hairspring requires the long limit of its square-section parallel with the escapement axis of rotation, and hairspring its outermost fastening point by the hole of tapered dowel pin joint at stud bolt in, perhaps bonding or be welded to stud bolt.The point that hairspring links to each other with stud bolt and determined frequency of operation thus from the interior tie point of hairspring of the sleeve pipe on the balance staff to the length of the outermost point of stud bolt for given fixed mass escapement.Hairspring is inner and cause inherent difficulty being connected of outer end, and the remaining plasticity of alloy can not prevent the unexpected crooked and mistake aligning that thereupon causes, and this has had a strong impact on the tautochronism energy of oscillator.
Routinely, in case hairspring and the escapement that is associated thereof are incorporated in the table, just finally determined frequency of operation.The adjusting of table is to realize by the position that changes spacer pin along hairspring, can increase or reduce the active length of hairspring, thus reduction or increase and the corresponding oscillator frequency of escapement amplitude.
Stud bolt itself is installed on support or the arm usually, and described support or arm allow to carry out the angular adjustment of its relative position.The stud bolt arm has the center common with the axis of rotation of escapement, and this is placed on correct relative position about escapement with the oscillator blind spot.Stud bolt and spacer pin can rotate and keep their relative positions usually together.
The applicant observes, is developing with new material in the process of non magnetic oscilator system, and new material has overcome a lot of built in problems of making medium-term and long-term existence, and for oscillator brings improved performance, referring to WO2004/008259 and WO2004/040943.These new materials have tangible and favourable characteristic and considering with improved technology of will looking for novelty.
From application EP1302821 and EP1256854, we recognize combining of conventional cannula and hairspring on the one hand, and recognize the use of little mold technology of carbon nano-fiber on the other hand, from EP1584994A and EP1513029, but we recognize another shape of the elasticity revolving structure of metal and nonmetallic materials sleeve pipe.
Usually, a third aspect of the present invention has been advised connecting hairspring penetrale and has been had the method for the hairspring outermost portion of regular length and end shape, described method does not adopt sleeve pipe known in the routine techniques, but by introducing suitable connection and conditioning equipment for hairspring.Therefore described hairspring has the frequency of setting.
The present invention has also further advised by removing elasticity driffractive ring sleeve pipe of the prior art hairspring accurately and accurately being connected to balance staff and bezel, cluster frame.Requisite beat frequency is regulated the position of outermost end that can be by setting the whole hairspring that sets for this reason and is realized, for this purpose, do not need to remove or hinder escapement, impact roller (impulse roller) or sleeve pipe, and can not influence whole oscillator frequency.
In the standard timepiece industry reference character dictionary of Berner, sleeve pipe well known in the prior art is restricted to " 4058 sleeve pipes: the little driffractive ring cylindrical shell that cooperates with balance staff to friction-tight ".
In the present invention, preferably adopt the technology of describing in a first aspect of the present invention for example to cut hairspring, for example adopt high-precision laser technology cutting planes material piece forming hairspring, described hairspring has the interior connection collar and/or (be preferably and) and this interior integrally formed outermost connection end profiles of the collar that is connected.Preferably, the interior connection collar is made such shape, promptly when hairspring is fixed on the escapement, stops between hairspring and the escapement to relatively rotate.Preferred but be not limited to be, hairspring is made by non-magnetosensitive sense material, described material has for example less than 6 * 10
-6K
-1Low thermal linear expansion coefficient, and density is preferably less than 6.1g/cm
3
Preferred but be not limited to be, this material is to comprise the synthetic diamond of deriving, condensate the derive arbitrary form of amorphous or vitreous carbon, graphite or continuous carbon fibre or carbon or compound or the condensate or the pottery of phase, comprises that metal oxide, dioxide, trioxide (comprising synthetic corundum), carbonide, silicide (comprising glass), nitride or other are in monocrystal or polycrystal form or are in the material of high temperature compressed or reaction bonded form or the composition of these materials.
Preferred laser technology can also reduce the remains that the thermal shock and the control of hairspring are peeled off, and for example sprays or other appropriate means by fluid jet, fluid impregnated, freezing installation, cold non-boil-off gas.
Preferably, select laser frequency and power so that can cut and excision in the one or more passages on material, and can be angled or focus on, so that finally obtain to finish incisxal edge vertical with the plane of original material sheet, compensate the inclination of draft angle thus, perhaps for the hairspring cross section provides symmetry around its axis, thereby the hairspring that allows to finish expands in same level.
As previously described, hairspring can form with escapement and/or balance staff, or can form separately, in this case hairspring preferably therein the heart have circumferential collar.
In order to assemble oscillator, the axis of rotation positioning ring of escapement relatively, and when be in the tram, the collar be fused, bonding, weld or fastening with other means, be fixed to escapement and impulse pin thereof with absolute relative position with hairspring.This can comprise provides one or more grooves of being convenient to place, hole or gap, to allow the balance staff girth that enough elasticity is arranged, so that can not be rotating or can the rotating collar remain on balance staff originally or remain on the independent collar on one's body by friction, described independent sleeve pipe be placed on the balance staff by same mode then.
The independent collar can be made such shape so that make the hairspring of one and the collar is placed on it and aforesaid fastened, maybe can have refining hole, and the interior loop of the hairspring of regular helix curve or other shapes is secured in this hole.
Make with the means of any appropriate in the groove or the hole that are used to connect the end of interior loop in the balance staff or the collar, and these means can comprise photon or ion beam, machinery, electricity, chemistry, the precise materials removal technology of water or the combination of these technology.
In order to be beneficial to accurate location in manufacturing and adjustment process, the endoporus of the collar can be made and forbid that it centers on balance staff or the rotating shape of escapement hub.
Hairspring preferably has outer end (end) part of one, and it has the height identical with hairspring, but has wideer overall width (radially extending).
Outer end portion (end plate) can be made such shape so that path (passage) to be provided, and the hairspring blade is received in the described path to protect it to avoid accidental shock.Outer end portion can also and be incorporated in the fastening apparatus on the bezel, cluster frame for the manipulation of hairspring bigger surface area is provided.The cecum of path is begin local of hairspring and is the initial point of effective active length of hairspring.
The whole exterior contour of end plate can be copied the profile that has the segmental arc of given radius apart from the hairspring center.Described segmental arc can be fastened in the connection device this end plate at a place in the difference of the arbitrary number of its arc length, and can not change the radius of the tie point of hairspring.Therefore, hairspring blade itself does not need to come in contact, and can the connected equipment influence.
This allows to regulate the beat of oscillator dead point or table, but can not interfere its frequency of operation, and keeps the concentricity of hairspring with respect to the centre of gyration axis of oscillator.
Preferred but what be not limited to is that the present invention attempts to use with the escapement that scalable and inertia reduce, as advising among the WO2005/040943.The adjusting of frequency is preferably irrelevant with the pin joint point of hairspring, for example by changing the turning radius of escapement quality.
In particular case, the replacement structure of hairspring end plate can comprise and be shaped and regulate, prolong or shorten end plate side cheek, with in control generator frequency and the equilibrium amplitude (balance amplitude) one or two.In this example, the active length of hairspring and oscillator frequency are thus determined at the hairspring at access portal place and the contact point place of side cheek.This structure provides a kind of precision regulating method that may need.
In addition, one section exterior loop can be made up of the material with different elastic mould values, and it is by the damping of all the other coils.This can damping his-and-hers watches framework any physical shock and can not pass to hairspring.Described exterior loop section can be bonding, clamping, welding or be fastened to hairspring by other means.Preferably, the exterior loop section can also have higher plasticity, so that the adjusting by a small margin that may need when allowing to proofread and correct hairspring after severe impact.Extra exterior loop section can preferably be worked on the plane identical with hairspring, but is not limited thereto.
The outermost portion of hairspring (end plate) is gone back preferred and hairspring forms.As described below, the geometric configuration of outermost end can be different from conventional hairspring end.Usually, it is parallel with the axis of rotation of oscillator that the hairspring end has the long limit of little square-section and square-section.In the present invention, the geometric configuration of hairspring outermost end can be the square-section, but the long limit of square-section may be vertical with the axis of rotation of oscillator.In addition, the material area of hairspring end can be than known big before.The area that increases can more easily be operated the hairspring end in manufacturing, maintenance and adjustment process.
Description of drawings
Now with reference to accompanying drawing the example of aspect of the present invention discussed above is described, wherein:
Fig. 1 has shown the quality add-on assemble, and it may be received in the escapement to form embodiments of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the top view of the quality add-on assemble shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 has shown the device of carrying out the hairspring manufacture method of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the front view of the device shown in Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 has shown the hairspring of the inside and outside coupling part that having of embodiments of the invention forms;
Fig. 6 has shown the first nonrotational interior section of hairspring;
Fig. 7 has shown the second nonrotational interior section of hairspring;
Fig. 8 has shown the exterior section of hairspring;
Fig. 9-12 has shown that the external connecting branch with hairspring is fixed to the equipment in the oscillator mechanism.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 has shown the quality add-on assemble, and it comprises the regulating element 2 that is installed on the cylindrical abutment 6.The mutual screw-threaded engagement of the outside surface of the inside surface of bearing 6 and regulating element 2.Bearing 6 has the side breach 7 with its parallel axes.The internal diameter of bearing 6 is less than the external diameter of regulating element 2, therefore is screwed into and during with bearing 6 engagements, bearing 6 opens and make the size increase of breach 7 when regulating element.Screw thread 3 in Fig. 1 on the visible regulating element outside surface.Visible breach 7 among Fig. 2.The sidewall of bearing 6 has incision recess 4 wherein.Quality add-on assemble 1 is designed to and can be introduced into the through hole that is formed on the escapement under contraction (for example cooling) state.By getting back to its normal condition, the wall of bearing expands, and is against on the inwall of through hole so that quality add-on assemble 1 is fixed in the escapement.The elastic force that regulating element 2 is attempted to seal the bearing 6 of breach 7 constrains in the bearing 6.
In order critically to adjust annex, can be in regulating element 2 drilling bore hole 5.This can use laser beam to finish.The mode of the eccentric axis of described Kong Yiyu regulating element gets out.
Fig. 3 has shown the device that is formed hairspring by nonmagnetic substance, and described nonmagnetic substance is made up of carbon matrix precursor or pottery (contain or not fibre-bearing).Herein, the interval insulant sheet is by forming along a plurality of passages its length, that for example etch into its surface.Each passage receives the material of the virgin state that is used to form hairspring.Bar 9 places an end of distance piece and links to each other with the hairspring material.Then, bar is rolled rolling distance piece 8, so each passage forms spiral.The structure of rolling is processed, so that the balance material is converted to final form from its virgin state.Be further processed subsequently, for example remove interval insulant, and with hairspring separated from one another with separate from center-pole, if necessary.
Fig. 5 has shown the hairspring of the embodiment of the invention.This hairspring comprises the interior connecting portion 11 that is the collar form with through hole, and described through hole for example may be received on the balance staff.On through hole, be provided with planar side so that interior connecting portion may be received on the balance staff, described balance staff only have one towards, rotate with respect to escapement to prevent hairspring.
Hairspring also comprises outer connecting portion 13, and it will link to each other with the oscillator housing, and will be such as explained below.Outer connecting portion comprises with hairspring and is in conplane reinforcement.Reinforcement comprises the recess that is used to receive the hairspring blade.The end of hairspring blade links to each other with outer connecting portion at the cecum 12 of recess.The outward flange of connecting portion 13 is positioned on the segmental arc, and the center of described segmental arc is the center of hairspring.Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 have shown the replacement structure of outer connecting portion.In Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, outer connecting portion be with Fig. 5 in the similar collar of interior connecting portion.
The outer end 13 of hairspring is positioned at and identical plane, plane, inner place, and can remain among Fig. 9, Figure 10, Figure 11 and Figure 12 one or the miscellaneous equipment.Regulate by the accurate thread between equipment body and its bearing in balance cock or equipment maintenance support or arm 14, allowed these equipment accurately identical with the height of the interior extremity part 11 at oscillator axis place.Described equipment can alternatively be placed in the bearing, and bearing can accurately be slidingly fitted in the receiver hole of balance cock or support, and can be fixed on the appropriate location by the clamping screw.In addition, described appropriate location can determine that wherein said bearing allows equipment is carried out accurate height adjusting by the fine adjustment to the bearing that abuts against the chamfering screw of radially installing on the equipment inclined-plane or this equipment.
Figure 11 shows an equipment that comprises pipe 18, and an end of this pipe links to each other with dish 38.Pipe 18 and dish 38 have the hole that receives bar 20.Another dish 19 links to each other with bar.By to upper connecting rod 20, dish 19,38 can be close to each other.The outside surface of bar 20 receives by accurate tapping and by nut 21.With respect to the outer cylinder rotating nut 21 of bar 20, so that coil 19 motions up or down.Optionally, bar 20 can be threaded screw, and it acts on the screw thread of pipe 18 inside surface; Can upwards draw dish 19 in such a way, when bar 20 rotated, described dish 19 was by mooring, but need not keep nonrotational with respect to bar 20.This move can be clamped in two hairspring ends between the dish 19,38.
By the flank of tooth or the local lip-deep interaction that tooth arranged of pinion wheel 22, can make accurate radiai adjustment at the edge of dish 38.Described tooth is not shown in the drawings.Pipe 18 and pinion wheel 22 can be remained in balance cock or the support arm by its thread outer surface.
Though show dish herein, can replace shape by use to the clamping of hairspring end and realize.Can be fixed in balance cock or the support by using screw 23 to realize to manage 18.
Optionally, as shown in figure 12, screw 23 can have chamfered end, and can be used for dish 19,38 is moved to together, its mid-game 19 does not have screw thread and is slidingly matched with pipe 18, dish 19 has position and the suitable hole of size, so that use the principle that is used for screw 26 hereinafter described to receive screw 23.
Equipment shown in Figure 12 can be considered conventional hairspring orientation, for example perpendicular to end 27, but can also allow fastening to new material, as mentioned above.Principle is miniature pincers, upwards mentions center main 31 by the accurate thread collar on the thread cylinder top 30 that acts on central body or nut 19, thereby the jaw 28 (having lining 17) of miniature pincers is placed together, has shown here and has divided longitudinal section equally.By with chamfered part 32 adjacency of bearing 40, the chamfered part of central body 31 is squeezed, and subsequently the jaw 28 that flicks is lumped together.Then opposite when outwarding winding thread ring.Replace to arrange it to be that the angular pole 33 of central body the top of being connected central body is mentioned, the tilting section of described angular pole 33 leans against residing this part of central body adjacent go up on the plane and play the effect of fulcrum 34, thereby closed jaw.
The outer end of hairspring can be as Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 or shown in Figure 8, and can form permission and be fastened in the suitable connection device with correct hairspring orientation.
The selection of hairspring end shape is depended in the selection that is used for the connection device of hairspring outermost end.In a single day the interior profile of connection device is corresponding with the profile phase of end shape, has therefore determined correct height, hairspring just is positioned and is fixed in the equipment.
In case the hairspring outermost end remains in the connection device, equipment itself and its maintenance support can be further in x, y and z axis adjusted, so that the minute adjustment to concentricity, height and dead point to be provided, thus the performance of optimization hairspring.
As Fig. 9 and shown in Figure 10, connection device can be introduced in balance cock or the support for this reason, or the part of entire equipment or this equipment (straight thread part 15 for example, it can be screwed in the hole of the suitable shape in balance cock 16 itself).Therefore, balance cock forms the main body of this connection device.In this structure, the hairspring end panel is received in inductively radiation of groove in the balance cock, to receive the same radius of hairspring end panel.This has not only kept the proper alignment of hairspring, has also allowed the dead point of oscillator to regulate.
Can also adopt intermediate casing between hairspring and reception groove, this sleeve pipe can have joint or adjacent element or part, and it can use with minute adjustment equipment, so that allow the minute adjustment to dead point.
Outermost end and inner terminal can be annular as shown in Fig. 6 and 7, have or do not have irregular interior profile, and profile allows it correctly to be positioned on the shallow post that is shaped similarly in the connection device 36 in this.
Very advantageously, the shape of outermost end can match with the shape of connection device, therefore hairspring correctly remains on the assembly with the inner terminal coplane, and has predetermined concentricity, and described concentricity here is that the precision by the Laser Processing operation further realizes.
The part of connection device 24 or this equipment or have a hairspring outermost end expose the parts that contacts with connection device and can make, scribble or be lined with material 17 by material 17, described material 17 can strengthen between connection device and the hairspring end rubbing contact with shake resistance.Described material can be polymkeric substance or natural or other synthetic material, and described material is an inertia for chemistry, heat or other variation in its work and maintenance environment.
Claims (14)
1. the formation method of the hairspring of a clock and watch oscillating mechanism comprises:
Form one or more non magnetic hairspring material layers;
Produce the precise laser bundle to pass and to cut this one or more layers; And
Guide the precise laser bundle in these one or more layers, and make between this laser beam and the described layer relative motion takes place, so that described laser beam cuts out hairspring from the one or more layer of hairspring material, the non-resilient interior connecting portion that described hairspring comprises the snail with a plurality of coils and is connected described hub of a spool, wherein, the material that excises from spiral has spirality.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, these one or more layers are cut, so that described interior connecting portion and described coil form.
3. method according to claim 1, wherein, described laser beam is downcut the central space of described spiral, so that outmost turns keeps linking to each other with described hairspring material layer.
4. method according to claim 3, it comprises, after described hairspring material downcuts described hairspring, with described coil and/or described in connecting portion be coated with and be covered with pottery or carbon or polymer material.
5. method according to claim 1, wherein, described hairspring material is a plurality of stacked layers.
6. method according to claim 1, wherein, described hairspring material is isotropic substantially, this sheet has and the vertical substantially plane of described laser beam.
7. method according to claim 6, it comprises, after described hairspring material cuts out described spiral, uses second laser beam to cut out one or more spirality layers from the sheet of described hairspring material, described second laser beam is substantially parallel with the plane of this sheet.
8. method according to claim 1, wherein said laser beam is fixed, and described hairspring material can move relative to described laser beam.
9. method according to claim 1, wherein said hairspring material are the carbon of pottery or arbitrary form.
10. the non magnetic hairspring on the escapement that is installed in the clock and watch oscillating mechanism, it is characterized in that, described hairspring comprises snail with a plurality of coils and connecting portion in hub of a spool non-resilient, to be used for that described hairspring is connected to described escapement, and described hairspring has the plane outside link plate, this plane outside link plate is connected to the outmost turns of described spiral and is in substantially in the plane of described spiral, this outside link plate has crooked connection edge, be used to connect the hairspring in the described oscillating mechanism, wherein, described outside link plate comprises blind vias, this blind vias is provided for receiving the top outer coil of described hairspring, and described top outer coil is connected to described outside link plate at the cecum of described passage.
11. hairspring according to claim 10, wherein, described interior connecting portion comprises the collar.
12. hairspring according to claim 10, wherein, described interior connecting portion and described coil form parts.
13. hairspring according to claim 10, wherein, described connection edge is the arc that has apart from the constant radius at described hairspring center.
14. hairspring according to claim 10, wherein, the shape of described passage is designed to control in oscillation frequency and the equilibrium amplitude one or two.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0509886.8 | 2005-05-14 | ||
| GB0509886A GB0509886D0 (en) | 2005-05-14 | 2005-05-14 | Balance wheel mass and regulating element assembly and balance wheel and balance spring manufacturing processes for horolongical oscillator mechanisms |
| GB0522838A GB0522838D0 (en) | 2005-11-09 | 2005-11-09 | Innermost portion and outermost portion configurations for balance springs, their attachment devices and method of manufacture |
| GB0522838.2 | 2005-11-09 | ||
| PCT/GB2006/001637 WO2006123095A2 (en) | 2005-05-14 | 2006-05-04 | Balance spring, regulated balance wheel assembly and methods of manufacture thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101218547A CN101218547A (en) | 2008-07-09 |
| CN101218547B true CN101218547B (en) | 2010-09-29 |
Family
ID=34708185
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006800247120A Expired - Fee Related CN101218547B (en) | 2005-05-14 | 2006-05-04 | Balance spring, regulated balance wheel assembly and methods of manufacture thereof |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101218547B (en) |
| GB (1) | GB0509886D0 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH704693B1 (en) | 2010-07-16 | 2015-08-14 | Eta Sa Manufacture Horlogère Suisse | A method of adjusting the oscillation frequency, and / or adjusting the inertia, and / or balancing a movable component of a clockwork movement, or a clockwork balance-spring assembly. |
| EP2437126B1 (en) * | 2010-10-04 | 2019-03-27 | Rolex Sa | Balance wheel-hairspring regulator |
| CH704924B1 (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2015-05-29 | Bucherer Ag | Balance for a watch and clock. |
| EP2613206B1 (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2022-05-11 | Montres Breguet SA | Hairspring with two spiral springs with improved isochronism |
| EP2690506B1 (en) * | 2012-07-25 | 2015-01-14 | Nivarox-FAR S.A. | Anti-tripping clock hairspring |
| EP2690507B1 (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2014-12-31 | Nivarox-FAR S.A. | Holorological hairspring |
| CN104133362B (en) * | 2013-05-01 | 2021-05-18 | 劳力士有限公司 | Damping body for a pendulum of a timepiece oscillator |
| EP3252542B1 (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2022-05-18 | Rolex Sa | Part for fastening a timepiece hairspring |
| JP7246200B2 (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2023-03-27 | セイコーインスツル株式会社 | Balance springs, balances, watch movements and timepieces |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1180762A (en) * | 1966-07-21 | 1970-02-11 | Soc Metallurgique Imphy | Improvements in and relating to non-magnetic alloys and balance springs. |
| FR2136084A5 (en) * | 1971-04-02 | 1972-12-22 | Haas Carl Firme | |
| CN1357803A (en) * | 2000-12-07 | 2002-07-10 | Eta草图制造公司 | Oscillating frequency regulating method for mechanic chronometer balance wheel with spring |
| CN1385765A (en) * | 2001-05-11 | 2002-12-18 | 精工电子有限公司 | Hair spring, hair spring structure and speed control mechanism and clock pointer using same |
| EP1513029A1 (en) * | 2003-09-02 | 2005-03-09 | Patek Philippe Sa | Horological collet |
| EP1515200A1 (en) * | 2003-09-10 | 2005-03-16 | Patek Philippe S.A. | Hairspring for timepiece |
-
2005
- 2005-05-14 GB GB0509886A patent/GB0509886D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2006
- 2006-05-04 CN CN2006800247120A patent/CN101218547B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1180762A (en) * | 1966-07-21 | 1970-02-11 | Soc Metallurgique Imphy | Improvements in and relating to non-magnetic alloys and balance springs. |
| FR2136084A5 (en) * | 1971-04-02 | 1972-12-22 | Haas Carl Firme | |
| CN1357803A (en) * | 2000-12-07 | 2002-07-10 | Eta草图制造公司 | Oscillating frequency regulating method for mechanic chronometer balance wheel with spring |
| CN1385765A (en) * | 2001-05-11 | 2002-12-18 | 精工电子有限公司 | Hair spring, hair spring structure and speed control mechanism and clock pointer using same |
| EP1513029A1 (en) * | 2003-09-02 | 2005-03-09 | Patek Philippe Sa | Horological collet |
| EP1515200A1 (en) * | 2003-09-10 | 2005-03-16 | Patek Philippe S.A. | Hairspring for timepiece |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101218547A (en) | 2008-07-09 |
| GB0509886D0 (en) | 2005-06-22 |
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