CN101215605A - RAGE Gly82Ser突变体在制备胃癌筛查试剂中的应用 - Google Patents
RAGE Gly82Ser突变体在制备胃癌筛查试剂中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种晚期糖基化终产物受体基因(RAGE)突变体Gly82Ser在制备胃癌危险人群检测筛查试剂中的应用。本发明开拓了RAGE Gly82Ser突变体在对胃癌危险人群进行检测筛查中的应用价值,通过检测位于RAGE外显子3的突变(Gly82Ser),以引起受检者和临床医生的高度警惕。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物技术领域,具体地说涉及一种基因突变体的新应用。
背景技术
胃癌的发生是一个复杂、多阶段、多因素的过程[1,2]。与许多恶性肿瘤相似,胃癌是环境因素和宿主遗传因素交互作用的结果[3],世界上近42%的胃癌发生在中国[1]。我们过去的流行病学研究也提供证据表明胃癌风险与基因突变相关[4-6]。
晚期糖基化终产物受体(receptor for advanced glycation end products,RAGE)是免疫球蛋白超家族的成员之一[7]。它参与许多重要的病理学反应,包括Alzheimer’s病、糖尿病、炎症和癌症[8-11]。RAGE刺激癌症生长、生存和转移[11]。此外,RAGE表达与胃癌侵袭和转移密切相关[12]。而且,有报道表明阻断RAGE可抑制胃癌细胞侵袭[12]。有报道Ser82通过细胞分裂素(丝裂原)活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)和核因子κB(NF-κB)增强配体亲和力,上调受体信号[15,16]。RAGE与晚期糖基化终产物(AGEs)、S100蛋白等相作用[10]。配体与受体RAGE的作用激活重要细胞通路,包括MAPK,Cdc42/Rac和NF-κB信号通路[11,17,18]。
RAGE的基因位于第6条常染色体短臂21.3,包括11个外显子[13]。迄今为止,一些遗传性变异已在RAGE基因鉴别[14],相对高频率的变异之一为Gly82Ser(rs2070600,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/SNP/snp_ref.cgi?rs=2070600)[15,16]。它位于RAGE外显子3的密码子82(GGC→AGC)。这个变异致使其蛋白质配体结合域内的甘氨酸转变为丝氨酸,它是一个有功能的变异现象,与增强RAGE信号相关[16]。目前没有涉及RAGEGly82Ser突变与癌症风险关系的研究报道。也未见RAGE Gly82Ser基因突变试剂盒应用于胃癌筛查中报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供上述RAGE突变体Gly82Ser在制备胃癌筛查试剂中的新用途。
技术方案:RAGE Gly82Ser基因突变试剂盒包括:一对引物(正义:5′-GTAAGCGGGGCTCCTGTTGCA-3′,反义:5′-GGCCAAG GCTGGGGTTGAAGG-3′),Taq酶,PCR buffer,MgCl2,dNTPs,限制性内切酶Alu I,琼脂糖。
通过病例-对照研究,用PCR-RFLP方法测定RAGE Gly82Ser变异。胃癌病例和对照的基因型分布都符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律。病例和对照组的基因型频率有统计学差别(Pearsonχ2=6.552,P=0.038)。而且,病例组Ser82等位基因频率较对照组高(Pearsonχ2=5.855,P=0.016)。用82Gly/Gly基因型作为参照,变异基因型(82Gly/Ser和82Ser/Ser)的OR值,在校正了年龄、性别、吸烟状况、居住地、高血压和糖尿病后,为1.47(95%CI:1.05-2.06,P=0.024)。而且,82Gly/Ser杂合子增加了41%的胃癌风险(校正OR值:1.41;95%CI:1.00-1.99),82Ser/Ser纯合子增加了150%的胃癌风险(校正OR值:2.50;95%CI:1.01-6.17)。在此研究中,我们也分析了RAGE变异基因型与胃癌病人临床病理学特征的相互关系。我们发现变异基因型和肿瘤浸润(T4)相关(校正OR值:3.20;95%CI:1.40-7.29)。
通过上述研究,可以确定RAGE基因突变Gly82Ser与胃癌的发生关系密切,若检测RAGE基因发生突变,则可确定被检测人属于胃癌危险人群。RAGE Gly82Ser基因突变试剂盒完全可以用于对胃癌危险人群进行检测筛查中。
有益效果:本发明开拓了RAGE突变体Gly82Ser在制备胃癌危险人群检测筛查试剂中的应用价值,通过检测位于RAGE基因外显子3的突变(Gly82Ser),以引起受检者和临床医生的高度警惕。
附图说明
图1是代表性的82Gly/Gly,82Gly/Ser和82Ser/Ser的基因型PCR图。
PCR产物用AluI限制性内切酶消化,然后在2%琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析。M:DL2000marker;泳道1,3和5:82Gly/Gly纯合子;泳道2,7 and 8:82Gly/Ser杂合子;泳道4和6:82Ser/Ser纯合子。
具体实施方式
以下具体说明本发明。
1、材料和方法
(1)受试者:
这是一个病例-对照研究,包括了283位胃癌病人和283位无癌对照者。研究经南京医科大学第一附属医院伦理委员会批准。病例是新近从组织学上诊断为胃癌的入院病人,连续从南京医科大学附属医院招募得来。那些有继发的、再生的肿瘤病例被除外。对照者为同时期的入院病人,没有任何癌症和遗传病史。他们年龄(5岁内)和性别匹配。所有受试者是无亲戚关系的汉族人。年龄、性别、吸烟情况、居住地、体重和个人医疗史的信息通过调查表收集得来[4-6]。以前或最近平均每天吸烟≥10支被定义为吸烟者。所有的胃癌根据国际抗癌联合会(UICC)TNM分类标准分类[19]。
(2)RAGE基因型检测:
RAGE Gly82Ser基因突变试剂盒包括:一对引物(正义:5′-GTAAGCGGGGCTCCTGTTGCA-3′,反义:5′-GGCCAAG GCTGGGGTTGAAGG-3′),Taq酶,PCR buffer,MgCl2,dNTPs,限制性内切酶Alu I,琼脂糖。
采集受试者外周静脉血3ml,EDTA-K2抗凝,用经典酚-氯仿法抽提基因组DNA[4]。用PCR-RFLP方法测定RAGE Gly82Ser变异。PCR在20μl反应混合物中进行,包括1.625mM MgCl2,0.14mM dNTPs,1 U Taq酶(MBI Fermentas,Vilnius,Lithuania),2μl 10×PCR buffer(MBI Fermentas),200ng基因组DNA和0.25μM的引物(正义:5′-GTAAGCGGGGCTCCTGTTGCA-3′,反义:5′-GGCCAAG GCTGGGGTTGAAGG-3′)。最初95℃变性5分钟之后,94℃ 30秒,62℃ 40秒,72℃ 45秒,共35个循环扩增DNA,最后72℃ 10分钟延伸。得到的397bp的PCR产物被限制性内切酶Alu I(New EnglandBioLabs,Waltham,MA,USA)5个单位在37℃消化16小时,紧接着2%琼脂糖凝胶电泳。对临床资料未知的两位研究者单独检测基因型以互相验证。随机选择大约10%的样本做重复测验,结果100%一致。
(3)统计学方法:
用Stata Version 8.0(STATA Corporation,College Station,TX)进行所有的统计分析。所有的检验都是双侧的,P<0.05被定义为有统计学意义。不符合正态分布的数值变量,用中位数表示,且用Mann-Whitney秩和检验分析。用Pearsonχ2检验来分析分类变量分布的差别。用拟合优度检验评估RAGE基因型的Hardy-Weinberg平衡。变异与胃癌风险的相关性用OR值和95%可信区间来表示。野生基因型82Gly/Gly携带者为参照组。粗的OR值通过Woolf近似法计算得到,校正的OR值通过非限制性logistic回归来校正年龄、性别、吸烟状况、居住地、高血压和糖尿病等情况。
2、结果
(1)RAGE基因型检测
PCR产物用Alu I限制性内切酶消化,然后在2%琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析,有249bp,123bp和26bp三个片段的为82Gly/Gly纯合子,有249bp,181bp,123bp,67bp和26bp五个片段的为82Gly/Ser杂合子,有181bp,123bp,67bp和26bp四个片段的为82Ser/Ser纯合子,结果见图1。
(2)胃癌病例和对照组基本情况
胃癌病例和对照组的基本情况见表1。胃癌病例和对照的性别和年龄(5岁以内)匹配良好。两组的吸烟状况、居住地、高血压和糖尿病史相似。胃贲门癌和非贲门癌病人分别为83和200。绝大多数病例为腺癌(97.88%)。在275位可获取临床病理资料的胃癌病例中,48,31,133和63个分别为T1,T2,T3,和T4;38,129和108个分别为高,中,低分化。177个病例为淋巴结转移阳性。
表1
胃癌病例(n=283) | 对照(n=283) | P | |
性别(男),n(%)年龄*(岁)体重*(kg)高血压,n(%)糖尿病,n(%)吸烟,n(%)居住地,n(%)农村城市 | 212(74.91)59(51-66)62(55-70)45(15.90)15(5.30)66(23.32)134(47.35)149(52.65) | 212(74.91)58(50-66)64.5(58-71)55(19.43)24(8.48)60(21.20)133(47.00)150(53.00) | 1.0000.8450.0200.2700.1350.5440.933 |
*中位数(25th-75th percentiles)
(3)胃癌病例和对照组RAGE基因型分布和风险评估
RAGE基因型分布和胃癌风险评估见表2。病例和对照的基因型分布都符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律。病例和对照组的基因型频率有统计学差别(Pearsonχ2=6.552,P=0.038)。而且,病例组Ser82等位基因频率较对照组高(Pearsonχ2=5.855,P=0.016)。用82Gly/Gly基因型作为参照,变异基因型(82Gly/Ser和82Ser/Ser)的OR值,在校正了年龄、性别、吸烟状况、居住地、高血压和糖尿病后,为1.47(95%CI:1.05-2.06,P=0.024)。而且,82Gly/Ser杂合子增加了41%的胃癌风险(校正OR值:1.41;95%CI:1.00-1.99),82Ser/Ser纯合子增加了150%的风险(校正OR值:2.50;95%CI:1.01-6.17)。
表2
基因型 | 病例n(%) | 对照*n(%) | 粗OR(95%CI) | P | 校正OR(95%CI) | P |
总GGGSSSGS+SSGly82 alleleSer82 allele | 283142(50.18)126(44.52)15(5.30)141(49.82)410(72.44)156(27.56) | 283170(60.07)105(37.10)8(2.83)113(39.93)445(78.62)121(21.38) | 1.001.44(1.01-2.05)2.24(0.86-6.28)1.49(1.06-2.11) | 0.0370.0680.041 | 1.001.41(1.00-1.99)2.50(1.01-6.17)1.47(1.05-2.06) | 0.0500.0480.024 |
*基因型分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律,Pearsonχ2=3.045,P=0.081.
校正了年龄、性别、吸烟状况、居住地、高血压和糖尿病.
GG:82Gly/Gly;GS:82Gly/Ser;SS:82Ser/Ser.
(4)变异的RAGE基因型和胃癌病人的临床病理学特征的关系
在此研究中,我们也分析了RAGE变异基因型与胃癌病人临床病理学特征的相互关系见表3。我们发现变异基因型和肿瘤浸润(T4)相关(校正OR值:3.20;95%CI:1.40-7.29)。
表3
肿瘤浸润程度 | GS+SS | GG | 粗OR(95%CI) | P | 校正OR(95%CI) | P |
T1T2T3T4 | 18146440 | 30176923 | 11.37(0.50-3.79)1.55(0.75-3.24)2.90(1.24-6.80) | 0.4980.2050.007 | 11.45(0.54-3.89)1.63(0.81-3.30)3.20(1.40-7.29) | 0.4650.1710.006 |
校正了年龄、性别、吸烟状况、居住地、高血压和糖尿病.
GG:82Gly/Gly;GS:82Gly/Ser;SS:82Ser/Ser.
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2.Correa P.Human gastric carcinogenesis:a multistep and multifactorial process-FirstAmerican Cancer Society Award Lecture on Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention.CancerRes 1992;52:6735-40.
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1.一种晚期糖基化终产物受体基因突变体RAGE Gly82Ser在制备胃癌危险人群检测筛查试剂中的应用。
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