CN101203226A - 用于治疗肿瘤的组合物 - Google Patents
用于治疗肿瘤的组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101203226A CN101203226A CNA2006800219953A CN200680021995A CN101203226A CN 101203226 A CN101203226 A CN 101203226A CN A2006800219953 A CNA2006800219953 A CN A2006800219953A CN 200680021995 A CN200680021995 A CN 200680021995A CN 101203226 A CN101203226 A CN 101203226A
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Abstract
本发明的特征在于一种用于治疗患有癌症或其他肿瘤的患者的方法,所述方法包括给予患者包含吩噻嗪和另一种活性药物的组合物,其中达到预定的血浆药物水平并维持12小时以上。
Description
发明背景
本发明涉及肿瘤(例如癌症)的治疗。
癌症是一种以异常细胞的失控生长为特征的疾病。癌细胞已克服克服了加在具有有限寿命的正常细胞上的障碍,无限制地生长。当癌细胞继续生长时,遗传改变可持续发生直到癌细胞已经表现出更具侵略性的生长表型。如果不进行治疗,转移即癌细胞借助淋巴系统或者血流扩散到身体的远端区域,这样一定会破坏健康组织。
甚至在一种类型的癌症当中也存在可观的多样性的事实,已阻碍癌症的治疗。某些癌症例如具有侵袭组织并呈现特征为转移的侵袭性生长过程的能力。这些肿瘤通常与患者的不良预后有关。归根结底,肿瘤多样性导致对多种药物抵抗的现象,即对广泛范围的结构不相关细胞毒抗癌化合物的抗性,J.H.Gerlach等,Cancer Surveys,5:25-46(1986)。例如,由J.H.Goldie和Andrew J.Coldman,CancerResearch,44:3643-3653(1984)描述的那样,发展的药物抗性的根本原因可能是由于诊断期间少数药物抗性细胞存在于肿瘤(如突变细胞)中。用单一药物治疗这样的肿瘤可导致缓解,其中作为杀死占据优势的药物-敏感细胞的结果,肿瘤在体积上缩小。然而,随着药物-敏感细胞的消失,剩下的药物-抗性细胞可继续繁殖并且最终在肿瘤细胞群体中占优势。因此,转移性癌症对所有现有的疗法产生多向性(pleiotropic)抗性的原因以及如何应对这一问题是癌症化学治疗中最紧迫的问题。
需要对各种类型的肿瘤都是可靠的抗癌疗法,特别是适用于侵袭的肿瘤。重要的是,治疗必须对最小宿主毒性是有效的。尽管长时间以来使用多重联合用药用于治疗癌症,特别是用于治疗多重耐药癌症,使用联合治疗的积极结果常常仍不可预知。特别有用的是包含多重联合用药且配制成在长时间内以最大有效剂量递送至患者的那些组合物。
需要对广泛范围的肿瘤类型(特别是适合于侵袭性肿瘤)可靠的抗癌治疗方法。重要的是治疗必须有效,且对宿主的毒性最小。尽管采用多药联合治疗癌症已有很长的历史,特别是治疗对多种药物抵抗的癌症,采用联合疗法得到的阳性结果仍然经常不可预测。特别有用的是包含多种药物组合并配制成延迟释放给患者最大有效剂量的那些组合物。
发明概述
本发明提供了吩噻嗪和/或抗真菌/抗原虫化合物的抗肿瘤组合物及其使用方法,其中将所述组合物配制成使活性组分的血浆水平维持预定的时间,有效抑制被治疗患者的肿瘤生长。
因此,第一方面,本发明的特征在于一种人类患者所患肿瘤的方法,所述方法包括给予包含式I化合物和/或式II化合物的组合物,其中维持式I化合物的第一血浆水平为0.3ng/ml-3.5μg/ml,式II化合物的第二血浆水平为0.2ng/ml-2.5μg/ml至少12小时。在一个实施方案中,第一血浆水平为0.3μg/ml-3.5μg/ml。在另一个实施方案中,第二血浆水平为0.25μg/ml-2.5μg/ml。式I化合物为具有下式结构的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或前药:
其中
R1、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7和R8各自独立为H、OH、F、OCF3或OCH3;
R2选自CF3、卤基、OCH3、COCH3、CN、OCF3、COCH2CH3、CO(CH2)2CH3和SCH2CH3;
R9选自
R9具有下式结构:
其中n为0或1;Z为NR34R35或OR36;R31、R32、R33、R34、R35和R36各自独立为H、C1-7烷基、C2-7烯基、C2-7炔基、C2-6杂环基、C6-12芳基、C7-14烷芳基、C3-10烷杂环基、酰基或C1-7杂烷基;或者R32、R33、R34、R35和R36中任一个可任选与插入的碳或非相邻的O、S或N原子一起形成一个或多个任选被以下基团取代的5-至7-元环:H、卤素、C1-4烷基、C2-4烯基、C2-4炔基、C2-6杂环基、C6-12芳基、C7-14烷芳基、C3-10烷杂环基、酰基或C1-7杂烷基;和
W选自
所述式II化合物下式化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或前药,
其中
A为
其中
X和Y各自独立为O、NR19或S,R14和R19各自独立为H或C1-6烷基,R15、R16、R17和R18各自独立为H、C1-6烷基、卤素、C1-6烷氧基、C6-18芳氧基或C6-18芳基-C1-6烷氧基,p为2-6的整数;
m和n各自独立为0-2的整数;
R10和R11各自为
其中
R21为H、C1-6烷基、C3-8环烷基、C1-6烷氧基-C1-6烷基、羟基C1-6烷基、C1-6烷基氨基-C1-6烷基、氨基-C1-6烷基或C6-18芳基;R22为H、C1-6烷基、C3-8环烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6烷氧基-C1-6烷基、羟基-C1-6烷基、C1-6烷基氨基-C1-6烷基、氨基-C1-6烷基、羰基(carbo)(C1-6烷氧基)、羰基(C6-18芳基-C1-6烷氧基)、羰基(C6-18芳氧基)或C6-C18芳基;R20为H、OH或C1-6烷氧基,或者R20和R21一起表示
其中R23、R24和R25各自独立为H、C1-6烷基、卤素或三氟甲基,R26、R27、R28和R29各自独立为H或C1-6烷基,R30为H、卤素、三氟甲基、OCF3、NO2、C1-6烷基、C3-8环烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6烷氧基-C1-6烷基、羟基-C1-6烷基、C1-6烷基氨基-C1-6烷基、氨基-C1-6烷基或C6-18芳基;和
R12和R13各自独立为H、Cl、Br、OH、OCH3、OCF3、NO2和NH2,或者R12和R13一起形成单键。
所述肿瘤可例如选自:肺癌、结肠癌、卵巢癌、前列腺癌、急性白血病、急性淋巴细胞白血病、急性髓细胞白血病、急性成髓细胞白血病、急性前髓细胞白血病、急性髓单核细胞白血病、急性单核细胞白血病、急性红白血病、慢性白血病、慢性髓细胞白血病、慢性淋巴细胞白血病、真性红细胞增多症、霍奇森病、非霍奇森病、瓦尔登斯特伦巨球蛋白血病、重链病(heavy chain disease)、肝细胞癌、非小细胞肺癌、多发性骨髓瘤、mucin-depleted foci(MDF)、纤维肉瘤、粘液肉瘤、脂肉瘤、软骨肉瘤、成骨肉瘤、脊索瘤、血管肉瘤、内皮肉瘤、淋巴管肉瘤、淋巴管内皮肉瘤、滑膜瘤、间皮瘤、尤因瘤、平滑肌肉瘤、横纹肌肉瘤、结肠癌、胰腺癌、乳腺癌、卵巢癌、前列腺癌、鳞状细胞癌、基底细胞癌、腺癌、汗腺癌、皮脂腺癌、乳头状癌、乳头状腺癌、囊腺癌、髓状癌、支气管源性癌、肾细胞癌、肝细胞瘤、胆管癌、绒膜癌、精原细胞瘤、胚胎性癌、维尔姆斯瘤、宫颈癌、子宫癌、睾丸癌、肺癌、小细胞肺癌、膀胱癌、上皮癌、神经胶质瘤、星形细胞瘤、成神经管细胞瘤、颅咽管瘤、室管膜瘤、松果体瘤、成血管细胞瘤、听神经瘤、少突神经胶质细胞瘤、神经鞘瘤、脑膜瘤、黑素瘤、成神经细胞瘤和成视网膜细胞瘤。被治疗肿瘤的具体实例有肺癌、结肠癌、卵巢癌和前列腺癌。
使用所述组合物的任何制剂或本文所述的递药方法可进行通过给予本发明的组合物治疗肿瘤的方法。
另一方面,本发明的特征在于一种包含式I化合物和/或式II化合物的组合物,其中将所述组合物给予人类患者,且配制所述组合物以维持式I化合物的第一血浆水平为0.3ng/ml-3.5μg/ml和/或式II化合物的第二血浆水平为0.2ng/ml-2.5μg/ml至少12小时。最好第一血浆水平为0.3μg/ml-3.5μg/ml,第二血浆水平为0.2μg/ml-2.5μg/ml。对于任一种同时包含式I化合物和式II化合物的本发明组合物,式I化合物与式II化合物的重量比可为1∶10-10∶1。最好式I化合物与式II化合物的重量比为1∶2-1∶5。其实例包括约1∶2.5和约1∶4的比率。式I和II的化合物如上文所定义。
对于任一种本发明组合物,最好式I化合物为氯丙嗪,式II化合物为喷他脒。
在一个实施方案中,将所述组合物配成延迟释放制剂。在另一个实施方案中,将所述组合物配制以用于连续灌注。预定的第一和第二血浆水平可维持1天、2天、3天、7天、10天、14天、28天或6个月。为了维持式I化合物和/或式II化合物的血浆水平,所述组合物可给药一次或多于一次。
在另一个实施方案中,式I化合物和/或式II化合物预定的血浆水平维持预定的时间,抑制人类患者所患肿瘤的生长。理想的是,如果所述组合物包含式I化合物,患者在该过程中不经历明显的镇静作用。
另一方面,本发明的特征在于一种包含式I化合物和/或式II化合物的组合物,其中将所述组合物配制用于使式I化合物以0.1mg/m2/小时-15mg/m2/小时、最好为1mg/m2/小时-5mg/m2/小时的第一输注速率,式II化合物以0.1mg/m2/小时-60mg/m2/小时、最好为1mg/m2/小时-20mg/m2/小时的第二输注速率,通过连续静脉内输注给予人类患者。式I和II的化合物如上文所定义。
在一个实施方案中,将所述组合物连续输注12小时、1天、2天、3天、7天、10天、14天或28天。输注方法的非限制性的实例有使用静脉滴注法、蠕动泵或渗透泵。
在另一个实施方案中,当所述组合物同时包含式I化合物和式II化合物时,以对式I和II的化合物而言的分别预定的第一和第二输注速率给予预定的时间来给予所述组合物抑制了人类患者所患肿瘤的生长。理想的情况是,患者在该过程中不产生明显的镇静作用。
对于任一种本发明的组合物,可用或不用赋形剂配制各种活性组分。所需的赋形剂的非限制性的实例有约1%重量-10%重量的抗坏血酸以及3%重量-30%重量的甘露醇,其中各自可单独或以混合物的形式和活性组分结合在一起。赋形剂的其他非限制性的实例有生育酚、半胱氨酸、谷胱甘肽、丙酮合亚硫酸氢钠、BHA、BHT、蔗糖、海藻糖、山梨糖醇、聚维酮、乳糖、乙酸盐、柠檬酸盐、谷氨酸盐、磷酸盐、葡萄糖和硫酸钠。如果所述组合物或单独配制的组合物的一种组分为固体,则可用任何生理可接受的稀释剂再构成。稀释剂的非限制性的实例有标准浓度或半标准浓度的盐水和1%重量-10%重量的葡萄糖,最好为5%重量的葡萄糖,其中当溶解或悬浮于稀释剂时,活性组分占约0.005%重量-0.5%重量,最好为约0.01%重量-0.2%重量。稀释剂的其他非限制性的实例有无菌水、林格氏注射液(NaCl+KCl+CaCl2)、乳酸盐林格氏注射液(NaCl+KCl+CaCl2+乳酸钠)和多种电解溶液(电解质、葡萄糖、果糖和/或转化糖的不同的组合)。此外,稀释剂还可包含占总体积的0.01%-10%的合适的有机助溶剂,例如乙醇或DMSO。
除了式I化合物和/或式II化合物以外,本发明组合物中的任一种还可包含一种或多种活性药物。例如本发明的组合物可包含与式I化合物(例如氯丙嗪)和/或式II化合物(例如喷他脒)联用的抗增殖药(例如紫杉酚)。
定义
本文使用的术语“约”是指所述值的正负10%。
术语“酰基”表示本文定义的烷基或氢通过羰基与母体分子基团相连,其实例有甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基、丁酰基等。示例性的未取代的酰基包含2-7个碳原子。
除非另外说明,否则本文使用的术语“烯基”表示包含一个或多个碳-碳双键且具有2-6个碳原子的一价直链或支链基团,其实例有乙烯基、1-丙烯基、2-丙烯基、2-甲基-1-丙烯基、1-丁烯基、2-丁烯基等。
本文使用的术语“Cx-y烷芳基(alkaryl)”或“Cx-y亚烷基芳基(alkylenearyl)”表示式-RR′的化学取代基,其中R为烷基碳(alkyl groupcarbon),R′为本文中别处定义的芳基,其中x-y为两个基团包含的碳原子数的范围。同样,术语“Cx-y烷杂芳基(alkheteroaryl)”、“Cx-y亚烷基杂芳基(alkyleneheteroaryl)”是指式RR″的化学取代基,其中R为具有x-y个碳原子的烷基,R″为本文中别处定义的杂芳基。前面加前缀“烷-”或“亚烷基-”的其他基团采用相同的方式定义。
除非另外说明,否则术语“烷氧基”表示式-OR的化学取代基,其中R为具有1-6个碳原子的烷基。
除非另外说明,否则本文使用的术语“烷基”和前缀“烷-”包括具有1-6个碳原子的直链和支链的饱和基团。烷基的实例有甲基、乙基、正丙基和异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、异丁基和叔丁基、新戊基等,且可任选被独立选自以下的一个、两个、三个或四个(在烷基具有2个以上碳原子的情况下)取代基取代:(1)具有1-6个碳原子的烷氧基;(2)具有1-6个碳原子的烷基亚磺酰基;(3)具有1-6个碳原子的烷基磺酰基;(4)氨基;(5)芳基;(6)芳基烷氧基;(7)芳酰基;(8)叠氮基;(9)甲醛基(carboxaldehyde);(10)具有3-8个碳原子的环烷基;(11)卤基;(12)杂环基;(13)(杂环)氧基;(14)(杂环)酰基;(15)羟基;(16)N-保护的氨基;(17)硝基;(18)氧代;(19)具有3-8个碳原子的螺烷基;(20)具有1-6个碳原子的硫代烷氧基;(21)硫醇;(22)-CO2RA,其中RA选自(a)烷基、(b)芳基和(c)烷芳基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(23)-C(O)NRBRC,其中RB和Rc各自独立选自(a)氢、(b)烷基、(c)芳基和(d)烷芳基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(24)-SO2RD,其中RD选自(a)烷基、(b)芳基和(c)烷芳基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(25)-SO2NRERF,其中RE和RF各自独立选自(a)氢、(b)烷基、(c)芳基和(d)烷芳基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;和(26)-NRGRH,其中RG和RH各自独立选自(a)氢;(b)N-保护的基团;(c)具有1-6个碳原子的烷基;(d)具有2-6个碳原子的烯基;(e)具有2-6个碳原子的炔基;(f)芳基;(g)烷芳基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(h)具有3-8个碳原子的环烷基和(i)烷环烷基(alkcycloalkyl),其中环烷基具有3-8个碳原子,亚烷基具有1-10个碳原子,条件是没有两个基团通过羰基或磺酰基与氮原子相连。
本文使用的术语“炔基”表示包含碳-碳叁键的具有2-6个碳原子的一价直链或支链基团,其实例有乙炔基、1-丙炔基等。
本文使用的术语“氨基”表示-NH2基。
本文使用的术语“氨基烷基”表示被氨基取代的本文定义的烷基。
本文使用的术语“芳基”表示含有一个或两个芳环的单环或双环碳环体系,其实例有苯基、萘基、1,2-二氢萘基、1,2,3,4-四氢萘基、芴基、2,3-二氢化茚基、茚基等,且可任选被独立选自以下的一个、两个、三个、四个或五个取代基取代:(1)具有1-6个碳原子的烷酰基;(2)具有1-6个碳原子的烷基;(3)具有1-6个碳原子的烷氧基;(4)烷氧基烷基,其中烷基和亚烷基独立具有1-6个碳原子;(5)具有1-6个碳原子的烷基亚磺酰基;(6)烷基亚磺酰基烷基,其中烷基和亚烷基独立具有1-6个碳原子;(7)具有1-6个碳原子的烷基磺酰基;(8)烷基磺酰基烷基,其中烷基和亚烷基独立具有1-6个碳原子;(9)芳基;(10)芳基烷基,其中烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(11)氨基;(12)具有1-6个碳原子的氨基烷基;(13)杂芳基;(14)烷芳基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(15)芳酰基;(16)叠氮基;(17)具有1-6个碳原子的叠氮基烷基;(18)甲醛基;(19)(甲醛基)烷基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(20)具有3-8个碳原子的环烷基;(21)烷基环烷基,其中环烷基具有3-8个碳原子,亚烷基具有1-10个碳原子;(22)卤基;(23)具有1-6个碳原子的卤代烷基;(24)杂环基;(25)(杂环)氧基;(26)(杂环)酰基;(27)羟基;(28)具有1-6个碳原子的羟烷基;(29)硝基;(30)具有1-6个碳原子的硝基烷基;(31)N-保护的氨基;(32)N-保护的氨基烷基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(33)氧代;(34)具有1-6个碳原子的硫代烷氧基;(35)硫代烷氧基烷基,其中烷基和亚烷基独立具有1-6个碳原子;(36)-(CH2)qCO2RA,其中q为0-4的整数,RA选自(a)烷基、(b)芳基和(c)烷芳基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(37)-(CH2)qCONRBRc,其中RB和Rc独立选自(a)氢、(b)烷基、(c)芳基和(d)烷芳基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(38)-(CH2)qSO2RD,其中RD选自(a)烷基、(b)芳基和(c)烷芳基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(39)-(CH2)qSO2NRERF,其中RE和RF各自独立选自(a)氢、(b)烷基、(c)芳基和(d)烷芳基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(40)-(CH2)qNRGRH,其中RG和RH各自独立选自(a)氢;(b)N-保护的基团;(c)具有1-6个碳原子的烷基;(d)具有2-6个碳原子的烯基;(e)具有2-6个碳原子的炔基;(f)芳基;(g)烷芳基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(h)具有3-8个碳原子的环烷基和(i)烷环烷基,其中环烷基具有3-8个碳原子,亚烷基具有1-10个碳原子,条件是没有两个基团通过羰基或磺酰基与氮原子相连;(41)氧代;(42)硫醇;(43)全氟烷基;(44)全氟烷氧基;(45)芳氧基;(46)环烷氧基;(47)环烷基烷氧基;和(48)芳基烷氧基。
本文使用的术语“芳基烷氧基”表示通过氧原子与母体分子基团相连的烷芳基。示例性的未取代的芳基烷氧基具有7-16个碳原子。
除非另外说明,否则术语“芳氧基”表示式-OR′的化学取代基,其中R′为具有6-18个碳原子的芳基。
本文使用的术语“癌症”或“肿瘤”或“肿瘤细胞”表示按异常方式繁殖的细胞集合。癌生长不受控制且为进行性的,在不引起或导致正常细胞增殖停止的情况下发生。
本文使用的术语“抗坏血酸”表示抗坏血酸、抗坏血酸的碱形式或其混合物。抗坏血酸的碱形式的非限制性的实例有抗坏血酸钠、抗坏血酸钾、抗坏血酸钙和抗坏血酸镁。在一个具体的实施方案中,抗坏血酸表示1∶1的抗坏血酸与抗坏血酸钠的混合物。
除非另外说明,否则本文使用的术语“环烷基”表示具有3-8个碳原子的一价饱和或不饱和的非芳族环状烃基,其实例有环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环庚基、双环[2.2.1]庚基等。本发明的环烷基可任选被以下基团取代:(1)具有1-6个碳原子的烷酰基;(2)具有1-6个碳原子的烷基;(3)具有1-6个碳原子的烷氧基;(4)烷氧基烷基,其中烷基和亚烷基独立具有1-6个碳原子;(5)具有1-6个碳原子的烷基亚磺酰基;(6)烷基亚磺酰基烷基,其中烷基和亚烷基独立具有1-6个碳原子;(7)具有1-6个碳原子的烷基磺酰基;(8)烷基磺酰基烷基,其中烷基和亚烷基独立具有1-6个碳原子;(9)芳基;(10)芳基烷基,其中烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(11)氨基;(12)具有1-6个碳原子的氨基烷基;(13)芳基;(14)烷芳基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(15)芳酰基;(16)叠氮基;(17)具有1-6个碳原子的叠氮基烷基;(18)甲醛基;(19)(甲醛基)烷基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(20)具有3-8个碳原子的环烷基;(21)烷基环烷基,其中环烷基具有3-8个碳原子,亚烷基具有1-10个碳原子;(22)卤基;(23)具有1-6个碳原子的卤代烷基;(24)杂环基;(25)(杂环)氧基;(26)(杂环)酰基;(27)羟基;(28)具有1-6个碳原子的羟烷基;(29)硝基;(30)具有1-6个碳原子的硝基烷基;(31)N-保护的氨基;(32)N-保护的氨基烷基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(33)氧代;(34)具有1-6个碳原子的硫代烷氧基;(35)硫代烷氧基烷基,其中烷基和亚烷基独立具有1-6个碳原子;(36)-(CH2)qCO2RA,其中q为0-4的整数,RA选自(a)烷基、(b)芳基和(c)烷芳基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(37)-(CH2)qCONRBRc,其中RB和Rc各自独立选自(a)氢、(b)烷基、(c)芳基和(d)烷芳基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(38)-(CH2)qSO2RD,其中RD选自(a)烷基、(b)芳基和(c)烷芳基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(39)-(CH2)qSO2NRERF,其中RE和RF各自独立选自(a)氢、(b)烷基、(c)芳基和(d)烷芳基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(40)-(CH2)qNRGRH,其中RG和RH各自独立选自(a)氢;(b)N-保护的基团;(c)具有1-6个碳原子的烷基;(d)具有2-6个碳原子的烯基;(e)具有2-6个碳原子的炔基;(f)芳基;(g)烷芳基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(h)具有3-8个碳原子的环烷基和(i)烷环烷基,其中环烷基具有3-8个碳原子,亚烷基具有1-10个碳原子,条件是没有两个基团通过羰基或磺酰基与氮原子相连;(41)氧代;(42)硫醇;(43)全氟烷基;(44)全氟烷氧基;(45)芳氧基;(46)环烷氧基;(47)环烷基烷氧基;和(48)芳基烷氧基。
“配制用于延长释放”是指当对患者给药时,在预定的时间内从化学基体中释放一种或多种活性组分的制剂。延长释放制剂的非限制性的实例有可控释放、持续释放、定时(timed)释放和延迟释放制剂以及长效、经皮或粘膜制剂。
“抗增殖药”是指能减慢或停止细胞增殖的药物,例如表1中所列的药物中的任一种。
表1
烷基化试剂 | 白消安 | 丙卡巴肼 |
达卡巴嗪 | 六甲蜜胺 | |
异环磷酰胺 | 磷酸雌莫司汀 | |
六甲蜜胺 | 氮芥 | |
塞替派 | 链佐星 | |
达卡巴嗪 | 替莫唑胺 | |
洛莫司汀 | 司莫司汀 | |
环磷酰胺 | 顺铂 | |
苯丁酸氮芥 | ||
铂药物 | 螺铂 | 洛铂(Aeterna) |
四铂 | 沙铂(Johnson Matthey) | |
奥马铂 | BBR-3464(Hoffmann-La Roche) | |
异丙铂 | SM-11355(Sumitomo) | |
ZD-0473(AnorMED) | AP-5280(Access) | |
奥沙利铂 | ||
卡铂 | ||
抗代谢药 | 氮杂胞苷 | 三甲曲沙 |
氟尿苷 | 脱氧考福霉素 | |
2-氯脱氧腺苷 | 喷司他丁 | |
6-巯基嘌呤 | 羟基脲 | |
6-硫鸟嘌呤 | 地西他滨(SuperGen) | |
阿糖胞苷 | 滤法拉滨(clofarabine)(Bioenvision) | |
2-氟脱氧胞苷 | 伊罗夫文(MGI Pharma) | |
甲氨蝶呤 | DMDC(Hoffmann-La Roche) | |
拓优得 | 炔胞苷(Taiho) | |
氟达拉滨 | 吉西他滨 | |
雷替曲塞 | 卡培他滨 | |
拓扑异构酶抑制剂 | 安吖啶 | 甲磺酸依沙替康(Daiichi) |
表柔比星 | quinamed(ChemGenex) | |
依托泊苷 | gimatecan(Sigma-Tau) | |
替尼泊苷或米托蒽醌 | diflomotecan(Beaufour-Ipsen) | |
7-乙基-10-羟基-喜树碱 | TAS-103(Taiho) | |
dexrazoxanet(TopoTarget) | 依沙芦星(Spectrum) |
拓扑异构酶抑制剂 | pixantrone(Novuspharma) | J-107088(Merck&Co) |
rebeccamycin类似物(Exelixis) | BNP-1350(BioNumerik) | |
BBR-3576(Novuspharma) | CKD-602(Chong Kun Dang) | |
卢比替康(SuperGen) | KW-2170(Kyowa Hakko) | |
伊立替康(CPT-11) | 10-羟基喜树碱(SN-38) | |
托泊替康 | ||
抗肿瘤抗生素 | 戊柔比星 | azonafide |
therarubicin | 蒽吡唑(anthrapyrazole) | |
伊达比星 | oxantrazole | |
柔红霉素苯腙 | 洛索蒽醌 | |
普卡霉素 | MEN-10755(Menarini) | |
泊非霉素 | GPX-100(Gem Pharmaceuticals) | |
米托蒽醌(novantrone) | 表柔比星 | |
氨萘非特 | 米托蒽醌 | |
多柔比星 | ||
抗有丝分裂药 | 秋水仙碱 | E7010(Abbott) |
长春碱 | PG-TXL(Cell Therapeutics) | |
长春地辛 | IDN 5109(Bayer) | |
多拉司他汀10(NCI) | A 105972(Abbott) | |
根霉素(Fujisawa) | A 204197(Abbott) | |
米伏布林(Warner-Lambert) | LU 223651(BASF) | |
西马多丁(BASF) | D 24851(ASTAMedica) | |
RPR 109881A(Aventis) | ER-86526(Eisai) | |
TXD 258(Aventis) | 考布他汀A4(BMS) | |
epothilone B(Novartis) | isohomohalichondrin-B(PharmaMar) | |
T 900607(Tularik) | ZD 6126(AstraZeneca) | |
T 138067(Tularik) | AZ10992(Asahi) | |
cryptophycin 52(Eli Lilly) | IDN-5109(Indena) | |
长春氟宁(Fabre) | AVLB(Prescient NeuroPharma) | |
auristatm PE(Teikoku Hormone) | azaepothilone B(BMS) | |
BMS 247550(BMS) | BNP-7787(BioNumerik) | |
BMS 184476(BMS) | CA-4前药(OXiGENE) | |
BMS 188797(BMS) | 多拉司他汀-10(NIH) | |
taxoprexin(Protarga) | CA-4(OXiGENE) | |
SB 408075(GlaxoSmithKline) | 多西他赛 | |
长春瑞滨 | 长春新碱 |
抗有丝分裂药 | 紫杉醇 | |
芳香酶氨基抑制药 | 氨鲁米特 | YM-511(Yamanouchi) |
阿他美坦(BioMedicines) | 福美坦 | |
来曲唑 | 依西美坦 | |
阿那曲唑 | ||
胸苷酸合成酶抑制剂 | 培美曲塞(Eli Lilly) | 诺拉曲塞(Eximias) |
ZD-9331(BTG) | CoFactorTM(BioKeys) | |
DNA拮抗药 | trabectedin(PharmaMar) | edotreotide(Novartis) |
葡磷酰胺(Baxter International) | 马磷酰胺(Baxter International) | |
白蛋白+32P(Isotope Solutions) | apaziquone(SpectrumPharmaceuticals) | |
thymectacin(NewBiotics) | ||
O6苄基鸟嘌呤(Paligent) | ||
法呢酰基转移酶抑制剂 | arglabin(NuOncology Labs) | tipifarnib(Johnson & Johnson) |
lonafarnib(Schering-Plough) | 紫苏醇(DOR BioPharma) | |
BAY-43-9006(Bayer) | ||
泵抑制剂 | CBT-1(CBA Pharma) | zosuquidar三盐酸盐(Eli Lilly) |
tariquidar(Xenova) | 比立考达二柠檬酸盐(Vertex) | |
MS-209(Schering AG) | ||
组蛋白乙酰转移酶抑制剂 | tacedinaline(Pfizer) | 新戊酰氧基甲基丁酸酯(Titan) |
SAHA(Aton Pharma) | 缩肽(Fujisawa) | |
MS-275(Schering AG) | ||
金属蛋白酶抑制剂 | 新伐司他(Aeterna Laboratories) | CMT-3(CollaGenex) |
马立马司他(British Biotcch) | BMS-275291(Celltcch) | |
核苷还原酶抑制剂 | gallium maltolate(Titan) | tezacitabine(Aventis) |
triapine(Vion) | didox(Molecules for Health) | |
TNFα激动药/拮抗药 | 维卢力嗪(Lorus Therapeutics) | revimd(Celgene) |
CDC-394(Celgene) | ||
内皮素A受体拮抗药 | 阿曲生坦(Abbott) | YM-598(Yamanouchi) |
内皮素A受体拮抗药 | ZD-4054(AstraZeneca) | |
维生素A酸受体激动药 | 芬维A胺(Johnson & Johnson) | 阿利维A酸(Ligand) |
LGD-1550(Ligand) | ||
免疫调节剂 | 干扰素 | dexosome治疗剂(Anosys) |
oncophage(Antigenics) | pentrix(Australian cancerTechnology) | |
GMK(Progenics) | ||
腺癌疫苗(Biomira) | ISF-154(Tragen) | |
CTP-37(AVl BioPharma) | 癌疫苗(Intercell) | |
IRX-2(Immuno-Rx) | norelin(Biostar) | |
PEP-005(Peplin Biotech) | BLP-25(Biomira) | |
synchrovax疫苗(CTL Immuno) | MGV(Progenies) | |
黑素瘤疫苗(CTL Immuno) | β-alethine(Dovetail) | |
p21RAS疫苗(GemVax) | CLL治疗剂(Vasogen) | |
激素和抗激素药 | 雌激素 | 地塞米松 |
轭合雌激素 | 泼尼松 | |
炔雌醇 | 甲泼尼松 | |
氯烯雌醚 | 泼尼松龙 | |
idenestrol | 氨鲁米特 | |
己酸羟孕酮 | 亮丙立德 | |
甲羟孕酮 | 奥曲肽 | |
睾酮 | 米托坦 | |
丙酸睾酮; | P-04(Novogen) | |
氟甲睾酮 | 2-甲氧基雌二醇(EntreMed) | |
甲睾酮 | 阿佐昔芬(Eli Lilly) | |
己烯雌酚 | 他莫昔芬 | |
甲地孕酮 | 托瑞米芬 | |
比卡鲁胺 | 戈舍瑞林 | |
氟他胺 | 亮丙瑞林 | |
尼鲁米特 | 比卡鲁胺 | |
光动力药 | 他拉泊芬(Light Sciences) | Pd-bacteriopheophorbide(Yeda) |
Theralux(Theratechnologies) | lutetium texaphyrin(Pharmacyclics) | |
莫特沙芬轧(Pharmacyclics) | 金丝桃素 | |
激酶抑制剂 | 伊马替尼(Novartis) | EKB-569(Wyeth) |
激酶抑制剂 | 来氟米特(Sugen/Pharmacia) | kahalide F(PharmaMar) |
ZD1839(AstraZeneca) | CEP-701(Cephalon) | |
erlotinib(Oncogene Science) | CEP-751(Cephalon) | |
canertinib(Pfizer) | MLN518(Millenium) | |
角鲨胺(Genaera) | PKC412(Novartis) | |
SU5416(Pharmacia) | Phenoxodiol(Novogen) | |
SU6668(Pharmacia) | C225(ImClone) | |
ZD4190(AstraZeneca) | rhu-Mab(Genentech) | |
ZD6474(AstraZeneca) | MDX-H210(Medarex) | |
vatalanib(Novartis) | 2C4(Genentech) | |
PKI166(Novartis) | MDX-447(Medarex) | |
GW2016(GlaxoSmithKline) | ABX-EGF(Abgenix) | |
EKB-509(Wyeth) | IMC-1C11(ImClone) | |
曲妥单抗(Genentech) | 酪氨酸磷酸化抑制剂 | |
Gefitinib(Iressa) |
表1(续)
混合药物 | |
SR-27897(CCK A 抑制剂,Sanofi-Synthelabo) | ceflatonin(细胞凋亡促进剂,ChemGenex) |
托拉地新(环状AMP激动药,Ribapharm) | BCX-1777(PNP抑制剂,BioCryst) |
alvocidib(CDK抑制剂,Aventis) | 豹蛙酶(核糖核酸酶兴奋剂,Alfacell) |
CV-247(COX-2抑制剂,Ivy Medical) | 加柔比星(RNA合成抑制剂,Dong-A) |
P54(COX-2抑制剂,Phytopharm) | 替拉扎明(还原剂,SRI International) |
CapCellTM(CYP450兴奋剂,Bavarian Nordic) | N-乙酰基半胱氨酸(还原剂,Zambon) |
GCS-100(gal3拮抗药,GlycoGenesys) | R-氟比洛芬(NF-kappa B抑制剂,Encore) |
G17DT免疫原(促胃液素抑制剂,Aphton) | 3CPA(NF-kappa B抑制剂,Active Biotech) |
cfaproxiral(oxyenator,Allos Therapeutics) | 西奥骨化醇(维生素D受体激动药,Leo) |
PI-88(乙酰肝素酶抑制剂,Progen) | 131-1-TM-601(DNA拮抗药,TransMolecular) |
替米利芬(组胺拮抗药,YMBioSciences) | 依氟鸟氨酸(ODC抑制剂,ILEX Oncology) |
米诺膦酸(osteoclast抑制剂,Yamanouchi) | |
组胺(组胺H2受体激动药,Maxim) | |
indisulam(p53兴奋剂,Eisai) | |
噻唑呋林(IMPDH抑制剂,Ribapharm) | aplidine(PPT抑制剂,PharmaMar) |
西仑吉肽(整合素拮抗药,Merck KGaA) | 吉姆单抗(CD33抗体,Wyeth Ayerst) |
SR-31747(IL-1拮抗药,Sanofi-Synthelabo) | PG2(血细胞生成促进剂,Pharmagenesis) |
CCI-779(mTOR激酶抑制剂,Wyeth) | ImmunolTM(三氯生漱口剂,Endo) |
依昔舒林(PDE V 抑制剂,Cell Pathways) | 三乙酰基尿苷(尿苷前药,Wellstat) |
CP-461(PDE V抑制剂,Cell Pathways) | SN-4071(肉瘤药物,Signature BioScience) |
AG-2037(GART抑制剂,Pfizer) | TransMID-107TM(免疫毒素,KS Biomedix) |
WX-UK1(纤溶酶原激活剂抑制剂,Wilex) | PCK-3145(细胞凋亡促进剂,Procyon) |
doranidazole(细胞凋亡促进剂,Pola) | |
PBI-1402(PMN兴奋剂,ProMeticLifeSciences) | CHS-828(细胞毒药物,Leo) |
反式-维生素A酸(differentiator,NIH) | |
bortezomib(蛋白酶体抑制剂,Millennium) | MX6(细胞凋亡促进剂,MAXIA) |
SRL-172(T细胞兴奋剂,SR Pharma) | apomine(细胞凋亡促进剂,ILEX Oncology) |
TLK-286(谷胱甘肽S转移酶抑制剂,Telik) | urocidin(细胞凋亡促进剂,Bioniche) |
Ro-31-7453(细胞凋亡促进剂,La Roche) | |
PT-100(生长因子激动药,PointTherapeutics) | brostallicin(细胞凋亡促进剂,Pharmacia) |
米哚妥林(PKC抑制剂,Novartis) | |
苔藓抑素-1(PKC兴奋剂,GPC Biotech) | |
CDA-II(细胞凋亡促进剂,Everlife) | |
SDX-101(细胞凋亡促进剂,Salmedix) | |
利妥昔单抗(CD20抗体,Genentech) |
本文使用的术语“卤化物”或“卤素”或“卤基”表示溴、氯、碘或氟。
除非另外说明,否则本文中可替代使用的术语“杂环”或“杂环基”表示5-、6-或7-元环,包含一个、两个、三个或四个独立选自氮、氧和硫的杂原子。所述5-元环具有0-2个双键,6-和7-元环具有0-3个双键。术语“杂环”还包括双环、三环和四环基团,其中上述杂环中的任一个与一个或两个独立选自芳环、环己烷环、环己烯环、环戊烷环、环戊烯环的环和另一个单环杂环(例如吲哚基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、四氢喹啉基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基等)稠合。杂环包括吡咯基、吡咯啉基、吡咯烷基、吡唑基、吡唑啉基、吡唑烷基、咪唑基、咪唑啉基、咪唑烷基、吡啶基、哌啶基、高哌啶基、吡嗪基、哌嗪基、嘧啶基、哒嗪基、唑基、唑烷基、异唑基、异唑烷基、吗啉基、硫代吗啉基、噻唑基、噻唑烷基、异噻唑基、异噻唑烷基、吲哚基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、苯并咪唑基、苯并噻唑基、苯并唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、噻唑烷基、异噻唑基、异吲唑基、三唑基、四唑基、二唑基、uricyl、噻二唑基、嘧啶基、四氢呋喃基、二氢呋喃基、四氢噻吩基、二氢噻吩基、二氢吲哚基、四氢喹啉基、四氢异喹啉基、吡喃基、二氢吡喃基、二噻唑基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基等。杂环基还包括下式的化合物:
其中
F′选自-CH2-、-CH2O-和-O-,G′选自-C(O)-和-(C(R′)(R″))v-,其中R′和R″各自独立选自氢或具有1-4个碳原子的烷基,v为1-3,且包括各种基团,例如1,3-苯并二氧杂环戊烯基、1,4-苯并二氧杂环己烷基等。本文所述的杂环基中任一个可任选被独立选自以下的一个、两个、三个、四个或五个取代基取代:(1)具有1-6个碳原子的烷酰基;(2)具有1-6个碳原子的烷基;(3)具有1-6个碳原子的烷氧基;(4)烷氧基烷基,其中烷基和亚烷基独立具有1-6个碳原子;(5)具有1-6个碳原子的烷基亚磺酰基;(6)烷基亚磺酰基烷基,其中烷基和亚烷基独立具有1-6个碳原子;(7)具有1-6个碳原子的烷基磺酰基;(8)烷基磺酰基烷基,其中烷基和亚烷基独立具有1-6个碳原子;(9)芳基;(10)芳基烷基,其中烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(11)氨基;(12)具有1-6个碳原子的氨基烷基;(13)杂芳基;(14)烷芳基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(15)芳酰基;(16)叠氮基;(17)具有1-6个碳原子的叠氮基烷基;(18)甲醛基;(19)(甲醛基)烷基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(20)具有3-8个碳原子的环烷基;(21)环烷基烷基,其中环烷基具有3-8个碳原子,亚烷基具有1-10个碳原子;(22)卤基;(23)具有1-6个碳原子的卤代烷基;(24)杂环;(25)(杂环)氧基;(26)(杂环)酰基;(27)羟基;(28)具有1-6个碳原子的羟烷基;(29)硝基;(30)具有1-6个碳原子的硝基烷基;(31)N-保护的氨基;(32)N-保护的氨基烷基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(33)氧代;(34)具有1-6个碳原子的硫代烷氧基;(35)硫代烷氧基烷基,其中烷基和亚烷基独立具有1-6个碳原子;(36)-(CH2)qCO2RA,其中q为0-4的整数,RA选自(a)烷基、(b)芳基和(c)烷芳基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(37)-(CH2)qCONRBRc,其中RB和Rc各自独立选自(a)氢、(b)烷基、(c)芳基和(d)烷芳基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(38)-(CH2)qSO2RD,其中RD选自(a)烷基、(b)芳基和(c)烷芳基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(39)-(CH2)qSO2NRERF,其中RE和RF各自独立选自(a)氢、(b)烷基、(c)芳基和(d)烷芳基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(40)-(CH2)qNRGRH,其中RG和RH各自独立选自(a)氢;(b)N-保护的基团;(c)具有1-6个碳原子的烷基;(d)具有2-6个碳原子的烯基;(e)具有2-6个碳原子的炔基;(f)芳基;(g)烷芳基,其中亚烷基具有1-6个碳原子;(h)具有3-8个碳原子的环烷基和(i)环烷基烷基,其中环烷基具有3-8个碳原子,亚烷基具有1-10个碳原子,条件是没有两个基团通过羰基或磺酰基与氮原子相连;(41)氧代;(42)硫醇;(43)全氟烷基;(44)全氟烷氧基;(45)芳氧基;(46)环烷氧基;(47)环烷基烷氧基;和(48)芳基烷氧基。
本文使用的术语“羟基”表示-OH基。
“抑制肿瘤的生长”是指在体外或体内适当减慢、停止或逆转肿瘤或肿瘤细胞的生长速率。最好生长速率减慢至少20%、30%、50%或甚至70%,使用合适的试验来测定,用以确定细胞生长速率(例如本文所述的细胞生长试验)。通常通过启动或加速肿瘤细胞中细胞死亡的坏死或凋亡机制实现生长速率的逆转,导致肿瘤变小。
“输注速率”是指在长时间(例如12小时以上)内,组合物中活性药物(例如式I或II的化合物)的输注速率距活性药物的平均输注速率正负变化不超过25%。
“生理盐水”是指具有与血清相同电解质平衡的氯化钠的溶液。生理盐水溶液为0.9%重量的氯化钠水溶液。半生理盐水溶液为0.45%重量的氯化钠水溶液。
本文使用的术语“药学上可接受的盐”表示在合理医学判定(sound medical judgement)范围内的那些盐,适用于与人和动物的组织接触,而没有不适当的毒性、刺激、过敏反应等,且具有合理的收益/风险比。药学上可接受的盐为本领域公知的。例如S.M.Berge等在J.Pharmaceutical Sciences 66:1-19,1977中详细描述了药学上可接受的盐。所述盐可在本发明化合物的最后分离和纯化过程中原位制备,或者通过游离的碱性基团与合适的有机酸反应单独制备。有代表性的酸加成盐包括乙酸盐、己二酸盐、藻酸盐、抗坏血酸盐、天冬氨酸盐、苯磺酸盐、苯甲酸盐、硫酸氢盐、硼酸盐、丁酸盐、樟脑酸盐、樟脑磺酸盐、柠檬酸盐、环戊烷丙酸盐、二葡糖酸盐(digluconate)、十二烷基硫酸盐、乙磺酸盐、富马酸盐、葡庚糖酸盐、甘油磷酸盐、半硫酸盐、庚糖酸盐、己酸盐、氢溴酸盐、盐酸盐、氢碘酸盐、2-羟基-乙磺酸盐、乳糖酸盐、乳酸盐、月桂酸盐、十二烷基硫酸盐、苹果酸盐、马来酸盐、丙二酸盐、甲磺酸盐、2-萘磺酸盐、烟酸盐、硝酸盐、油酸盐、草酸盐、棕榈酸盐、扑酸盐、果胶酸盐、过硫酸盐、3-苯基丙酸盐、磷酸盐、苦味酸盐、新戊酸盐、丙酸盐、硬脂酸盐、琥珀酸盐、硫酸盐、酒石酸盐、硫氰酸盐、甲苯磺酸盐、十一烷酸盐、戊酸盐等。有代表性的碱金属或碱土金属盐包括钠、锂、钾、钙、镁等以及无毒铵、季铵和胺阳离子,包括但不局限于铵、四甲基铵、四乙基铵、甲胺、二甲胺、三甲胺、三乙胺、乙胺等。
本文使用的术语“药学上可接受的前药”表示在合理医学判定范围内的本发明化合物的那些前药,适用于与人和动物的组织接触,具有不适当的毒性、刺激、过敏反应等,且具有合理的收益/风险比,对于预期用途以及可能的情况下,本发明化合物的两性离子形式是有效的。
本文使用的术语“前药”表示例如通过在血液中水解快速在体内转化为上式的母体化合物的化合物。本发明化合物的前药可为常规的酯。用作前药的某些常见的酯有苯酯、脂族(C8-C24)酯、酰氧基甲酯、氨基甲酸酯和氨基酸酯。例如包含OH基的本发明的化合物的前药形式在该位置酰基化。更详尽的讨论见述于T.Higuchi和V.Stella,Pro-drugs as Novel Delivery Systems(作为新型递药系统的前药),第14卷,the A.C.S.Symposium Series,Edward B.Roche编辑,Bioreversible Carriers in Drug Design(药物设计中生物可逆的载体),American Pharmaceutical Association and Pergamon Press,1987以及Judkins等的Synthetic Communications 26(23):4351-4367,1996,这两篇文献各自通过引用结合到本文中来。
“显著程度的镇静作用”是指防止被治疗对象进行常规行为(例如走路、谈话和吃东西)的镇静作用的量。
附图概述
图1说明了在小鼠肿瘤模型研究中通过连续输注与腹膜内推注给予所述组合物时,比较观察到的氯丙嗪/喷他脒组合物的各组分的血清血浆浓度。
图2说明了在小鼠肿瘤模型研究中通过腹膜内推注或连续输注给予氯丙嗪/喷他脒组合物时肿瘤生长抑制。
图3说明了使用连续输注氯丙嗪/喷他脒组合物治疗与使用氯丙嗪/喷他脒组合物腹膜内推注治疗的小鼠重量的减少。
发明详述
已有描述吩噻嗪和抗真菌/抗原虫药物协同联用有效抑制肿瘤生长(参见美国专利申请公开20040116407)。本发明的特征在于式I的吩噻嗪和/或式II的抗真菌/抗原虫化合物的组合物,其中配制所述组合物以维持这些化合物的血浆水平,使得有效抑制被治疗患者的肿瘤生长。除了由于给予包含在那些组合物中的吩噻嗪可能降低镇静作用的副作用以外,所述组合物还具有改进的安全性曲线。
因此,第一方面,本发明的特征在于一种配制成被治疗患者体内式I化合物的血浆水平维持在0.3ng/ml(约1.0纳摩尔)-3.5μg/ml(约10微摩尔)和/或式II化合物的血浆水平维持在0.2ng/ml(约1.0纳摩尔)-2.5μg/ml(约10微摩尔)至少12小时的组合物,其中式I化合物为下式化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或前药:
其中
R1、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7和R8各自独立为H、OH、F、OCF3或OCH3;
R2选自CF3、卤基、OCH3、COCH3、CN、OCF3、COCH2CH3、CO(CH2)2CH3和SCH2CH3;
R9选自
R9具有下式结构:
其中n为0或1;Z为NR34R35或OR36;R31、R32、R33、R34、R35和R36各自独立为H、C1-7烷基、C2-7烯基、C2-7炔基、C2-6杂环基、C6-12芳基、C7-14烷芳基、C3-10烷杂环基、酰基或C1-7杂烷基;或者R32、R33、R34、R35和R36中任一个可任选与插入的碳或非相邻的O、S或N原子一起形成一个或多个任选被以下基团取代的5-至7-元环:H、卤素、C1-4烷基、C2-4烯基、C2-4炔基、C2-6杂环基、C6-12芳基、C7-14烷芳基、C3-10烷杂环基、酰基或C1-7杂烷基;和
W选自
所述式II化合物为下式化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或前药,
其中
A为
其中
X和Y各自独立为O、NR19或S,R14和R19各自独立为H或C1-6烷基,R15、R16、R17和R18各自独立为H、C1-6烷基、卤素、C1-6烷氧基、C6-18芳氧基或C6-18芳基-C1-6烷氧基,p为2-6的整数;
m和n各自独立为0-2的整数;
R10和R11各自为
其中
R21为H、C1-6烷基、C3-8环烷基、C1-6烷氧基-C1-6烷基、羟基C1-6烷基、C1-6烷基氨基-C1-6烷基、氨基-C1-6烷基或C6-18芳基;R22为H、C1-6烷基、C3-8环烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6烷氧基-C1-6烷基、羟基-C1-6烷基、C1-6烷基氨基-C1-6烷基、氨基-C1-6烷基、羰基(C1-6烷氧基)、羰基(C6-18芳基-C1-6烷氧基)、羰基(C6-18芳氧基)或C6-C18芳基;R22为H、OH或C1-6烷氧基,或者R20和R21一起表示
其中R23、R24和R25各自独立为H、C1-6烷基、卤素或三氟甲基,R26、R27、R28和R29各自独立为H或C1-6烷基,R30为H、卤素、三氟甲基、OCF3、NO2、C1-6烷基、C3-8环烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6烷氧基-C1-6烷基、羟基-C1-6烷基、C1-6烷基氨基-C1-6烷基、氨基-C1-6烷基或C6-18芳基;和
R12和R13各自独立为H、Cl、Br、OH、OCH3、OCF3、NO2和NH2,或者R12和R13一起形成单键。
在一个实施方案中,式I化合物为氯丙嗪,式II化合物为喷他脒。
在另一个实施方案中,式I化合物的血浆水平为0.3μg/ml-3.5μg/ml和/或式II化合物的血浆水平为0.2μg/ml-2.5μg/ml。在另一个实施方案中,式I化合物的血浆水平为10ng/ml-1μg/ml和/或式II化合物的血浆水平为10ng/ml-1μg/ml。在再一个实施方案中,式I化合物的血浆水平为0.5μg/ml-3.5μg/ml和/或式II化合物的血浆水平为0.5μg/ml-2.5μg/ml。血浆水平可维持12小时以上、24小时以上、3天以上、7天以上、14天以上、28天以上或6个月以上。
制剂
配制本发明的组合物用于递药给人类患者,使得活性组分的血浆水平以预定的水平维持预定的时间。本领域已知根据常规的药物实践获得延长释放的方法,例如参见Remington:The Science andPractice of Pharmacy(药物科学与实践),第20版,2000,A.R.Gennaro编辑,Lippincott Williams & Wilkins,Philadelphia以及Encyclopedia ofPharmaceutical Technology(药物技术百科全书),J.Swarbrick和J.C.Boylan编辑,1988-1999,Marcel Dekker,New York。
本发明的一种具体的组合物包含氯丙嗪作为式I化合物和喷他脒作为式II化合物。
喷他脒/氯丙嗪合适的重量比的非限制性的实例有2∶1-4∶1,并包括喷他脒/氯丙嗪比率为2∶1、2.25∶1、2.5∶1、2.75∶1、3∶1、3.25∶1、3.5∶1、3.75∶1和4∶1。所述组合物组分可单独配制或一起配制。在一个实施例中,将组合物的各组分一起配制成冻干粉末。在另一个实施例中,将组合物的各组分单独配制,再重构,随后组合。
合适的赋形剂对本领域技术人员来说是已知的,见述于Remington,vide supra。在一个实施例中,所述组合物包含抗坏血酸(各自为1%重量-10%重量,最好为2%重量-4%重量)。在另一个实施例中,所述组合物包含甘露醇(3%重量-30%重量)。在再一个实施例中,所述组合物包含抗坏血酸和甘露醇,所述组合物包含各种在以上定义的%重量范围内的这些赋形剂。
固体制剂可在合适的液体(例如1%重量-10%重量的葡萄糖溶液或半标准或标准浓度的盐水)中重构,形成本发明的组合物,其中组合物的各种活性组分(即式I和II的化合物)的最终浓度为约0.005%重量-0.5%重量。
表2提供了多种本发明组合物的各组分的非限制性的实例,其中所述组合物包含氯丙嗪和喷他脒,并任选包含抗坏血酸和/或甘露醇作为赋形剂。将各制剂溶解于约100ml-500ml标准浓度的盐水或5%重量的葡萄糖中,形成组合物。
表2
号 | 一小瓶中包含的各组分的量 | ||||
盐酸氯丙嗪 | 喷他脒羟乙磺酸盐 | 抗坏血酸钠 | 抗坏血酸 | 甘露醇 | |
F1 | 50mg/小瓶 | 120mg/小瓶 | 2.5mg/小瓶 | 2.5mg/小瓶 | 43.7mg/小瓶 |
F3 | 50mg/小瓶 | 120mg/小瓶 | 2.5mg/小瓶 | 2.5mg/小瓶 | |
F5 | 50mg/小瓶 | 120mg/小瓶 | 55mg/小瓶 | ||
F6 | 50mg/小瓶 | 200mg/小瓶 | 21mg/小瓶 | ||
F7 | 50mg/小瓶 | 120mg/小瓶 | |||
F8 | 50mg/小瓶 | 200mg/小瓶 |
给药
可采用任何合适的方式给予本发明的组合物,该方式使得当达到靶向区域时,活性药物的浓度能抗肿瘤。所述化合物可以任何合适的量包含在任何合适的载体物质中。所述组合物可以适用于以下的剂量形式给予:口服、肠胃外(例如静脉内、肌内)、直肠、皮、鼻、阴道、吸入、皮肤(斑)或眼给药路径。因此,可以以适合于口服、非肠道(例如静脉内、肌内)、直肠、皮内、鼻腔、阴道、吸入、皮肤(贴片)或眼部给药途径的剂型提供该组合物。因此,所述组合物可以以例如片剂、胶囊剂、丸剂、散剂、颗粒剂、混悬剂、乳剂、溶液剂、包括水凝胶的凝胶剂、糊剂、软膏剂、霜剂、膏药、浸液、等渗释药装置、栓剂、灌肠剂、注射剂、植入剂、喷雾剂或者气雾剂的形式存在。
最好可通过各种方法配制所述组合物用于延长释放。两种常用的方法包括:1)在片剂或微球体上提供延长释放包衣,其中通过逐渐渗透通过或逐渐分解该包衣缓慢释放活性组分;和2)提供延长释放基体,例如与片剂本身中的活性组分混合的脂肪、蜡或聚合物材料。这些物质例如见述于The Theory and Practice of IndustrialPharmacy(工业药物理论与实践),Manford Robinson,第14章,“Sustained Action Dosage Forms(持续作用剂型)”L.Lachman等编辑,Lea & Febiger出版,第2版,1976。
前一种方法的实例包括使用已知能可控释放宽范围药物的渗透装置。已知的装置包括片剂、锭剂、丸剂或胶囊剂等,并通常包括包含一种或多种材料的层,该层在使用环境下侵蚀或缓慢溶解,从而逐步分散活性试剂。美国专利4,014,334描述了一种用于可控和连续递送药物的渗透装置,其中所述装置包括:a)包含药物和渗透剂的核;b)围绕核的半透性层压材料,包括半渗透性外薄层和半渗透性内薄层;和c)连通核与装置外部的通道。在药物和来自环境的流体存在下,两层半渗透性薄层保持其化学和物理完整性。所述通道包括通过由机械方法或在使用环境下通过侵蚀可侵蚀的元件(例如明胶塞)形成的穿过层压材料的孔。其他类似的渗透装置见述于美国专利3,845,770、4,576,604和4,673,405。美国专利5,558,879描述了一种水溶性药物的可控释放片剂,其中在使用环境下形成通道,即接受制剂的人的胃肠道。更具体地讲,可控释放片剂基本由以下组成:a)包含药物、5-20%重量的水溶性渗透剂、水溶性聚合物粘合剂和药物载体的核;和b)围绕核且基本由以下结构组成的双层膜包衣:(1)包含塑化水不溶性聚合物和水溶性聚合物的内延迟释放包衣;和(2)包含药物和水溶性聚合物的外即释包衣。美国专利4,810,502描述了一种用于递送伪麻黄碱(Ps)和溴苯吡胺(Br)的渗透剂型,该剂型包括:a)包含Ps和Br的核;b)包含纤维素酰基化物和羟丙基纤维素的围绕所述核的壁;c)壁内用于递送药物的通道;和d)包含Ps、Br、至少一种羟丙基纤维素和羟丙基甲基纤维素和聚(环氧乙烷)的在壁外侧的薄层,用于提高壁的机械完整性和药物动力学。美国专利4,801,461还描述了一种用于递送伪麻黄碱(Ps)的渗透剂型。更具体地讲,该渗透剂型包括:a)包含各种含量Ps的核;b)包含各种含量的乙酸纤维素或三乙酸纤维素和各种含量的羟丙基纤维素的围绕核的半渗透性壁;c)壁内用于从核递送药物的通道;和任选的d)在壁外侧包含Ps的薄层。所述核还可包含一种或多种氯化钠、微晶纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、硬脂酸镁和聚(乙烯基吡咯烷酮)。该装置的通道可单独延伸通过半渗透性壁或通过半渗透性壁和外部薄层。该通道还包含在使用环境下侵蚀或沥滤(leach)的材料。美国专利5,681,584描述了一种可控释放递药装置,所述装置包括:a)包含药物、任选的渗透剂和任选的赋形剂的核;b)围绕核的包含至少一种粘合剂、渗透剂和润滑剂的延迟释放夹层;c)围绕延迟释放夹套并任选含有通道的半渗透性膜;d)在半渗透性膜外侧或在半渗透性膜和延迟释放夹套之间的包含药物的层;和e)当包含药物的层位于延迟释放夹套和半渗透性膜之间时,在包含药物的层外侧、在包含药物的层和半渗透性膜之间或在半渗透性膜外侧的任选的肠衣。美国专利6,004,582公开了类似于上述的在半渗透性膜和包含药物的层之间含有水溶性(乙烯基吡咯烷酮)-(乙酸乙烯酯)共聚物的聚合物包衣的渗透装置。
用于本发明组合物的延迟释放基体制剂的实例有美国专利4,259,314中所公开的那些物质,该专利描述了一种纤维素醚-羟丙基甲基纤维素(“HPMC”)和羟丙基纤维素的混合物,形成延长释放基体,其中所述纤维素醚混合物的重均粘度(weighted average viscosity)为250-4500;美国专利5,451,409描述了一种干混片剂,其中羟丙基纤维素和羟乙基纤维素的混合物形成延迟释放基体,其中还加入0.5-10%的HPMC作为粘合剂;以及美国专利4,369,172;4,389,393和4,983,396,这些专利在各种延迟释放制剂中均使用HPMC。
有用的延迟释放制剂的其他实例包括美国专利6,586,005所公开的那些,该专利描述了一种用于每日给药一次的依托度酸的延迟释放制剂;美国专利6,509,037和6,312,724描述了一种用于每日给药一次的双氯芬酸的延迟释放制剂;美国专利6,372,252描述了一种每日给药两次的愈创甘油醚的延迟释放制剂。其他有用的延迟释放制剂见述于美国专利3,916,899、3,536,809、3,598,123、4,008,719、4,710,384、5,674,533、5,059,595、5,591,767、5,120,548、5,073,543、5,639,476、5,354,556和5,733,566。
对于经皮制剂,可使用渗透促进剂,例如糖脂类、非酯化脂肪酸、脂族醇、脂族醇的脂肪酸酯、环己醇、脂肪酸、甘油酯、乙二醇或脂族醇醚。其他组分例如稳定剂、增溶剂、表面活性剂和增塑剂可存在于经皮装置中(例如参见美国专利申请20020127254)。
已使用聚合物作为治疗药物载体来影响延长释放。例如参见Leong等的“Polymeric Controlled Drug Delivery(聚合物可控递药)”,Advanced Drug Delivery Rev.1:199-233,1987;Langer,“NewMethods of Drug Delivery(药物递送新方法)”,Science 249:1527-33,1990;和Chien等,Novel Drug Delivery Systems(新型药物递送体系),1982。这些递送系统可提高治疗效率并降低总体毒性。已研究可作为固体可生物降解材料的合成的聚合物类的实例包括聚酯(Pitt等,“Biodegradable Drug Delivery Systems Based on Aliphatic Polyesters:Applications to Contraceptives and Narcotic Antagonists(基于脂族聚酯的可生物降解的药物递送体系:用于避孕和麻醉的拮抗药)”,生物活性材料的可控释放,19-44,Richard Baker编辑,1980);聚(氨基酸)和假-聚(氨基酸)(Pulapura等“Trends in the Development ofBioresorbable Polymers for Medical Applications(药用生物再吸收聚合物的发展趋势)”,J.Biomaterials Appl.6(3):216-50,1992);聚氨酯(Bruin等,“Biodegradable Lysine Diisocyanate-basedPoly(Glycolide-co-epsilon.Caprolactone)-Urethane Network in ArtificialSkin(人造皮肤中的可生物降解的基于赖氨酸二异氰酸酯的(乙交酯-ε己内酯)共聚物-聚氨酯网络)”,Biomaterials 11(4):291-95,1990);聚原酸酯(Heller等,“Release of Norethindrone from Poly(OrthoEsters)(由聚原酸酯释放炔诺酮)”,Polymer Engineering Sci.21(11):727-31,1981);和聚酐(Leong等,“Polyanhydrides for Controlled Releaseof Bioactive Agents(用于可控释放生物活性试剂的聚酐)”,Biomaterials7(5):364-71,1986)。
适用于药物递送本发明组合物的可生物降解的嵌段聚合物及其制备方法见述于Kumar等,Adv.Drug Deliv.Rev.53:23-44,2001。共聚物可为无规、交替或嵌段(二嵌段或三嵌段型),且可为直链或星形或接枝(梳形)构型。聚合物可形成水凝胶,其为保持大量含水流体的三维亲水聚合物网络。通过交联或其他化学加成使得用于水凝胶的聚合物不溶。
可由包封本发明组合物的聚合物微球体形成微粒。用于微球体的聚合物包括聚(乳酸)或PLA;聚(乙醇酸)或PGA;和共聚物PLA-PGA。本发明组合物的活性试剂的量分级释放,例如开始与颗粒外部非特异性结合的药物突释,稍后阶段为扩散,最后的阶段可通过聚合物组合物、分子量、微粒大小和生理条件例如pH控制溶蚀。可由超临界流体例如超临界二氧化碳(scCO2)制备微球体。
可例如由至少一种选自以下的材料制备可生物降解的植入剂:淀粉;乙烯基淀粉;二丙二醇二丙烯酸酯(DPGDA);三丙二醇二丙烯酸酯(TPGDA);果胶;乙酸纤维素;丙酸纤维素;乙酸丁酸纤维素;乙酸丙酸纤维素(CAP);羟丙基纤维素(HPC);羟丙基纤维素/乙酸丙酸纤维素(HPC/CAP);甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA);甲基丙烯酸丁酯(BMA);甲基丙烯酸羟甲酯(HEMA);丙烯酸乙基己酯(EHA);甲基丙烯酸十八烷基酯(ODMA);和乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EGDMA)。参见Gil等,Boletim de Biotecnologia 72:13-19,2002。
除了各种聚合物以外,天然存在的和合成的类脂可用于延迟释放制剂。DepoFoamTM(Skye Pharma,London,England)形成基于多囊泡类脂的颗粒(脂质体),用于包封治疗药物(参见美国专利5,993,850;和Ye等,J.Controlled Rel.64:155-166,2000)。所述类脂为具有净负电荷的两性分子、固醇或两性离子类脂,且用于制备脂质体的方法为非酸性的。
其他类脂也可用于延迟释放制剂的脂质体。植物极性类脂(例如小麦神经酰胺)用于与蛋白质(例如醇溶谷蛋白)形成凝胶,其中可放置一种或多种治疗药物用于经皮或经粘膜递送(例如参见美国专利6,410,048)。示例性的醇溶谷蛋白包括麦醇溶蛋白和玉米醇溶蛋白。用于延迟释放药物制剂和装置的其他天然存在的聚合物包括胶原(EP-A-O 621 044)、壳多糖(美国专利4,393,373)和脱乙酰壳多糖(为壳多糖的脱酰基化的形式)。
类脂和各种类型的聚合物还可用于形成用于递送本发明组合物的“纳米颗粒”(参见Kumar J.Pharm.Pharmaceut.Sci.3:234-258,20002)。
可将本发明组合物中的任一种配制以通过机械装置递送,以在长时间内递送制剂。所述装置可例如为可降解的植入物;经皮贴剂;导管;可植入的泵;经皮泵;输注泵;或离子电渗疗法装置。机械递送装置可单独使用或与制剂联用,用于可控、持续、定时、延迟或延长释放。
输注泵为本领域技术人员公知的,例如参见Burtles,“ContinuousInfusion Of Drugs:A Simple And Rational System(药物的连续输注:一种简单和合理的系统)”Journal of Cardiothoracic and VascularAnesthesia 5(4):362-364,1991;以及Tilden和Hopkins,“CalculationOf Infusion Rates Of Vasoactive Substances(作用于血管的物质的输注速率的计算)”Annals of Emergency Medicine 12:697-99,1983。
用于递送本发明组合物的可植入的或非可植入的(外部)其他泵包括蠕动泵、氟烃推进剂泵或渗透泵包括迷你渗透泵。蠕动泵通过驱动泵头的每次电脉冲递送固定量的组合物。泵、电子器件和能源位于覆盖硅橡胶的钛外壳中。组合物贮器为可承受相当压力(例如60psi)的硅橡胶袋。可经皮通过聚丙烯孔再填充储液。氟烃泵使用氟烃液体使泵运行。渗透泵使用渗透压以恒定的速率释放药物。示例性的泵为MiniMed MicroMed 407C泵(Medtronic,Inc.,Northridge,Calif.)。此外,可使用包含两个可植入部件—输注泵和脊柱内导管的鞘内药物递送体系(Medronic)。将泵插入腹部的皮下口袋中,而将导管插入脊柱的鞘内,在皮肤下开通道并与泵相连。随后本发明的组合物可以恒定或可变的流动速率递送。
实施例
使用雄性6-8周龄的成年SCID Hsd:ICR9 CD-1鼠(Harlan,Indianapolis,IN)进行动物实验。约1×106的HCT116或A549人肿瘤细胞(直接得自ATCC)经皮下注射至每只动物的左和右侧腹。监测动物的肿瘤生长,当肿瘤体积达到约500mm3时,将动物随机分成治疗组(n=10只)。
重量比为1∶2的氯丙嗪/喷他脒(CRx-026)的组合物分别以0.97mg/ml和1.87mg/ml的浓度在5%的葡萄糖中以腹膜内推注的形式给药两周,或分别以23mg/ml和44mg/ml的浓度在包含10%乙醇的5%的葡萄糖溶液中通过腹膜内植入的ALZET渗透迷你泵给药两周。通过每种方法给药的量为5mg氯丙嗪/kg体重和10mg喷他脒/kg体重。
在治疗过程中,每周三次使用测径器测定肿瘤。使用以下公式计算肿瘤体积:(长×(宽)2/2)。服药30分钟-24小时后提取血液和肿瘤组织。通过HPLC-MS-MS测定CRx-026组分的浓度。使用WinNonlin 4.1进行无房室模型(Noncompartmental)分析。
如图1所示,连续输注氯丙嗪/喷他脒组合物导致的系统血清暴露量(systemic serum exposure)与静脉推注给药观察到的系统血清暴露量相当。连续输注组合物的药物动力学参数示于表3。
表3
组分 | 血清稳态(ng/ml) | 肿瘤稳态(ng/g) | ||
平均 | SD | 平均 | SD | |
氯丙嗪 | 13.4 | 3.9 | 95.5 | 41.2 |
喷他脒 | 83.7 | 252 | 848.2 | 443.2 |
如图2所述,与溶媒被治疗动物(对照)相比,用该组合物连续输注12天后肿瘤体积缩小58%,与每日腹膜内给予组合物观察到的肿瘤生长下降的效果相当。此外,如图3所述,通过连续输注给予组合物得到改进的安全性曲线,这点可通过与推注组合物的那些动物相比被治疗动物的体重下降来证实。
其他实施方案
本说明书引用的所有的出版物和专利均通过引用结合到本文中来,就如各单独的出版物或专利具体和单独地通过引用结合到本文中来一样。为了清楚地理解本发明,通过说明和实施例的方式更详细地描述了以上发明,藉借本发明的教导,在不脱离附加的权利要求书的精神和范围的情况下,某些改变和变化对于本领域技术人员来说是显然的。
Claims (77)
1.一种治疗人类患者所患肿瘤的方法,所述方法包括给予包含式I化合物和式II化合物的组合物,其中维持所述式I化合物的第一血浆水平为0.3ng/ml-3.5μg/ml,所述式II化合物的第二血浆水平为0.2ng/ml-2.5μg/ml至少12小时,其中所述式I化合物为下式化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或前药:
其中
R1、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7和R8各自独立为H、OH、F、OCF3或OCH3;
R2选自CF3、卤基、OCH3、COCH3、CN、OCF3、COCH2CH3、CO(CH2)2CH3和SCH2CH3;
R9选自
R9具有下式结构:
其中n为0或1;Z为NR34R35或OR36;R31、R32、R33、R34、R35和R36各自独立为H、C1-7烷基、C2-7烯基、C2-7炔基、C2-6杂环基、C6-12芳基、C7-14烷芳基、C3-10烷杂环基、酰基或C1-7杂烷基;或者R32、R33、R34、R35和R36中任一个可任选与插入的碳或非相邻的O、S或N原子一起形成任选被以下基团取代的一个或多个5-至7-元环:H、卤素、C1-4烷基、C2-4烯基、C2-4炔基、C2-6杂环基、C6-12芳基、C7-14烷芳基、C3-10烷杂环基、酰基或C1-7杂烷基;和
W选自
所述式II化合物为下式的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或前药:
其中
A为
其中
X和Y各自独立为O、NR19或S,R14和R19各自独立为H或C1-6烷基,R15、R16、R17和R18各自独立为H、C1-6烷基、卤素、C1-6烷氧基、C6-18芳氧基或C6-18芳基-C1-6烷氧基,p为2-6的整数;
m和n各自独立为0-2的整数;
R10和R11各自为
其中
R21为H、C1-6烷基、C3-8环烷基、C1-6烷氧基-C1-6烷基、羟基C1-6烷基、C1-6烷基氨基-C1-6烷基、氨基-C1-6烷基或C6-18芳基;R22为H、C1-6烷基、C3-8环烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6烷氧基-C1-6烷基、羟基-C1-6烷基、C1-6烷基氨基-C1-6烷基、氨基-C1-6烷基、羰基(C1-6烷氧基)、羰基(C6-18芳基-C1-6烷氧基)、羰基(C6-18芳氧基)或C6-C18芳基;R20为H、OH或C1-6烷氧基,或者R20和R21一起表示
其中R23、R24和R25各自独立为H、C1-6烷基、卤素或三氟甲基,R26、R27、R28和R29各自独立为H或C1-6烷基,R30为H、卤素、三氟甲基、OCF3、NO2、C1-6烷基、C3-8环烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6烷氧基-C1-6烷基、羟基-C1-6烷基、C1-6烷基氨基-C1-6烷基、氨基-C1-6烷基或C6-18芳基;和
R12和R13各自独立为H、Cl、Br、OH、OCH3、OCF3、NO2和NH2,或者R12和R13一起形成单键。
2.权利要求1的方法,其中所述第一血浆水平维持在0.3μg/ml-3.5μg/ml,所述第二血浆水平维持在0.25μg/ml-2.5μg/ml。
3.权利要求1的方法,其中所述第一和第二血浆水平结合有效抑制患者肿瘤的生长。
4.权利要求3的方法,其中所述第一和第二血浆水平结合不引起患者产生明显镇静作用。
5.权利要求1的方法,其中所述式I化合物为氯丙嗪,所述式II化合物为喷他脒。
6.权利要求1的方法,其中所述式I化合物以0.1mg/m2/小时-15mg/m2/小时的第一输注速率,所述式II化合物以0.1mg/m2/小时-60mg/m2/小时的第二输注速率,通过连续静脉内输注给予所述组合物。
7.权利要求6的方法,其中所述第一和第二输注速率结合有效抑制患者肿瘤的生长。
8.权利要求7的方法,其中所述第一和第二输注速率结合不引起患者产生明显镇静作用。
9.一种治疗人类患者所患肿瘤的方法,所述方法包括给予包含式I化合物的组合物,其中维持所述式I化合物的血浆水平为0.3ng/ml-3.5μg/ml至少12小时。
10.权利要求9的方法,其中所述血浆水平为0.3μg/ml-3.5μg/ml。
11.权利要求9的方法,其中所述式I化合物为氯丙嗪。
12.一种治疗人类患者所患肿瘤的方法,所述方法包括给予包含式II化合物的组合物,其中维持所述式II化合物的血浆水平为0.2ng/ml-2.5μg/ml至少12小时。
13.权利要求12的方法,其中所述血浆水平为0.25μg/ml-2.5μg/ml。
14.权利要求12的方法,其中所述式II化合物为喷他脒。
15.权利要求1-14中任一项的方法,其中配制所述组合物用于延长释放。
16.权利要求1-15中任一项的方法,其中所述肿瘤选自:肺癌、结肠癌、卵巢癌、前列腺癌、急性白血病、急性淋巴细胞白血病、急性髓细胞白血病、急性成髓细胞白血病、急性前髓细胞白血病、急性髓单核细胞白血病、急性单核细胞白血病、急性红白血病、慢性白血病、慢性髓细胞白血病、慢性淋巴细胞白血病、真性红细胞增多症、霍奇森病、非霍奇森病、瓦尔登斯特伦巨球蛋白血病、重链病、肝细胞癌、非小细胞肺癌、多发性骨髓瘤、mucin-depletedfoci(MDF)、纤维肉瘤、粘液肉瘤、脂肉瘤、软骨肉瘤、成骨肉瘤、脊索瘤、血管肉瘤、内皮肉瘤、淋巴管肉瘤、淋巴管内皮肉瘤、滑膜瘤、间皮瘤、尤因瘤、平滑肌肉瘤、横纹肌肉瘤、结肠癌、胰腺癌、乳腺癌、卵巢癌、前列腺癌、鳞状细胞癌、基底细胞癌、腺癌、汗腺癌、皮脂腺癌、乳头状癌、乳头状腺癌、囊腺癌、髓状癌、支气管源性癌、肾细胞癌、肝细胞瘤、胆管癌、绒膜癌、精原细胞瘤、胚胎性癌、维尔姆斯瘤、宫颈癌、子宫癌、睾丸癌、肺癌、小细胞肺癌、膀胱癌、上皮癌、神经胶质瘤、星形细胞瘤、成神经管细胞瘤、颅咽管瘤、室管膜瘤、松果体瘤、成血管细胞瘤、听神经瘤、少突神经胶质细胞瘤、神经鞘瘤、脑膜瘤、黑素瘤、成神经细胞瘤和成视网膜细胞瘤。
17.权利要求1-15中任一项的方法,其中所述肿瘤选自:肺癌、结肠癌、卵巢癌和前列腺癌。
18.权利要求1-17中任一项的方法,其中通过连续静脉内输注给予所述组合物至少12小时。
19.权利要求1-17中任一项的方法,其中通过连续静脉内输注给予所述组合物至少3天。
20.权利要求1-17中任一项的方法,其中通过连续静脉内输注给予所述组合物至少7天。
21.权利要求1-20中任一项的方法,其中通过渗透泵或蠕动泵给予所述组合物。
22.权利要求1-20中任一项的方法,其中通过静脉滴注法给予所述组合物。
23.权利要求1-22中任一项的方法,其中所述组合物还包含抗坏血酸。
24.权利要求23的方法,其中所述抗坏血酸为约1%重量-约10%重量。
25.权利要求1-24中任一项的方法,其中所述组合物还包含甘露醇。
26.权利要求25的方法,其中所述甘露醇为约3%重量-约30%重量。
27.权利要求1-26中任一项的方法,其中所述组合物还包含表1的抗增殖药。
28.一种组合物,所述组合物包含式I化合物和式II化合物,其中当将所述组合物给予人类患者时,配制所述组合物以维持所述式I化合物的第一血浆水平为0.3ng/ml-3.5μg/ml和所述式II化合物的第二血浆水平为0.2ng/ml-2.5μg/ml至少12小时。
29.权利要求28的组合物,其中配制所述组合物以维持所述第一血浆水平为0.3μg/ml-3.5μg/ml、所述第二血浆水平为0.2μg/ml-2.5μg/ml。
30.权利要求28的组合物,其中所述第一和第二血浆水平各自维持至少24小时。
31.权利要求30的组合物,其中所述第一和第二血浆水平各自维持至少3天。
32.权利要求31的组合物,其中所述第一和第二血浆水平各自维持至少28天。
33.权利要求28的组合物,其中所述式I化合物为氯丙嗪,所述式II化合物为喷他脒。
34.权利要求33的组合物,其中喷他脒与氯丙嗪的重量比为约2/1-约5/1。
35.权利要求34的组合物,其中喷他脒与氯丙嗪的重量比为约2.5/1。
36.权利要求34的组合物,其中喷他脒与氯丙嗪的重量比为约4/1。
37.权利要求28的组合物,其中所述第一和第二血浆水平结合有效抑制患者肿瘤的生长。
38.权利要求37的组合物,其中所述第一和第二血浆水平结合不引起患者产生明显镇静作用。
39.一种组合物,所述组合物包含式I化合物和式II化合物,其中配制所述组合物用于使式I化合物以0.1mg/m2/小时-15mg/m2/小时的第一输注速率、式II化合物以0.1mg/m2/小时-60mg/m2/小时的第二输注速率通过连续静脉内输注给予人类患者。
40.权利要求39的组合物,其中所述输注维持至少12小时。
41.权利要求39的组合物,其中所述第一和第二血浆水平各自维持至少24小时。
42.权利要求39的组合物,其中所述第一和第二血浆水平各自维持至少3天。
43.权利要求39的组合物,其中所述第一和第二输注速率结合有效抑制患者肿瘤的生长。
44.权利要求43的组合物,其中所述第一和第二输注速率结合不引起患者产生明显镇静作用。
45.权利要求39的组合物,其中所述式I化合物为氯丙嗪,所述式II化合物为喷他脒。
46.权利要求45的组合物,其中喷他脒与氯丙嗪的重量比为约2/1-约5/1。
47.权利要求45的组合物,其中喷他脒与氯丙嗪的重量比为约2.5/1。
48.权利要求45的组合物,其中喷他脒与氯丙嗪的重量比为约4/1。
49.一种组合物,所述组合物包含式I化合物,其中当将所述组合物给予人类患者时,配制所述组合物以维持所述式I化合物的血浆水平为0.3ng/ml-3.5μg/ml至少12小时。
50.权利要求49的组合物,其中配制所述组合物以维持所述水平为0.3μg/ml-3.5μg/ml。
51.权利要求49的组合物,其中所述血浆水平维持至少24小时。
52.权利要求51的组合物,其中所述血浆水平维持至少3天。
53.权利要求52的组合物,其中所述血浆水平维持至少28天。
54.权利要求49的组合物,其中所述式I化合物为氯丙嗪。
55.一种组合物,所述组合物包含式II化合物,其中当将所述组合物给予人类患者时,配制所述组合物以维持所述式II化合物的血浆水平为0.2ng/ml-2.5μg/ml至少12小时。
56.权利要求55的组合物,其中配制所述组合物用于维持所述水平为0.2μg/ml-2.5μg/ml。
57.权利要求55的组合物,其中所述血浆水平维持至少24小时。
58.权利要求57的组合物,其中所述血浆水平维持至少3天。
59.权利要求58的组合物,其中所述血浆水平维持至少28天。
60.权利要求55的组合物,其中所述式I化合物为喷他脒。
61.一种组合物,所述组合物包含式I化合物,其中配制所述组合物用于使所述式I化合物以0.1mg/m2/小时-15mg/m2/小时的输注速率通过连续静脉内输注给予人类患者。
62.权利要求61的组合物,其中所述输注维持至少12小时。
63.权利要求61的组合物,其中所述第一和第二血浆水平各自维持至少24小时。
64.权利要求61的组合物,其中所述第一和第二血浆水平各自维持至少3天。
65.权利要求61的组合物,其中所述式I化合物为氯丙嗪。
66.一种组合物,所述组合物包含式II化合物,其中配制所述组合物用于使所述式II化合物以0.1mg/m2/小时-60mg/m2/小时的输注速率通过连续静脉内输注给予人类患者。
67.权利要求66的组合物,其中所述输注维持至少12小时。
68.权利要求66的组合物,其中所述第一和第二血浆水平各自维持至少24小时。
69.权利要求66的组合物,其中所述第一和第二血浆水平各自维持至少3天。
70.权利要求66的组合物,其中所述式I化合物为喷他脒。
71.权利要求28-70中任一项的组合物,其中配制所述组合物用于延长释放。
72.权利要求28-71中任一项的组合物,其中所述组合物还包含抗坏血酸。
73.权利要求72的组合物,其中所述抗坏血酸为约1%重量-约10%重量。
74.权利要求28-73中任一项的组合物,其中所述组合物还包含甘露醇。
75.权利要求74的组合物,其中所述甘露醇为约3%重量-约30%重量。
76.权利要求28-75中任一项的组合物,其中所述组合物还包含葡萄糖和/或半标准浓度或标准浓度的盐水。
77.权利要求28-76中任一项的组合物,其中所述组合物还包含表1的抗增殖药。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US67281005P | 2005-04-19 | 2005-04-19 | |
US60/672,810 | 2005-04-19 |
Publications (1)
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CN101203226A true CN101203226A (zh) | 2008-06-18 |
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CNA2006800219953A Pending CN101203226A (zh) | 2005-04-19 | 2006-04-18 | 用于治疗肿瘤的组合物 |
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US (1) | US20060235001A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1874321A2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20080000662A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101203226A (zh) |
AR (1) | AR053589A1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2006236401A1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2605419A1 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2007013038A (zh) |
TW (1) | TW200719903A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2006113718A2 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106309452A (zh) * | 2009-10-29 | 2017-01-11 | 安万特医药股份有限公司 | 卡巴他赛的新颖抗肿瘤用途 |
Families Citing this family (7)
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BRPI0720346A2 (pt) * | 2006-10-05 | 2014-06-24 | Panacea Biotec Ltd | Composições de depósito (depot) injetáveis e processo de preparação dessas composições. |
EP2758403B1 (en) | 2011-09-21 | 2016-04-27 | Inception Orion, Inc. | Tricyclic compounds useful as neurogenic and neuroprotective agents |
US20160222457A1 (en) | 2012-11-14 | 2016-08-04 | Mayo Foundation For Medical Education And Research | Methods and materials for identifying malignant skin lesions |
MX2015007945A (es) | 2012-12-21 | 2016-02-16 | Verlyx Pharma Inc | Usos y métodos para el tratamiento de enfermedades o afecciones hepáticas. |
WO2016025717A1 (en) | 2014-08-14 | 2016-02-18 | Mayo Foundation For Medical Education And Research | Methods and materials for identifying metastatic malignant skin lesions and treating skin cancer |
US11060151B2 (en) | 2016-05-10 | 2021-07-13 | Mayo Foundation For Medical Education And Research | Methods and materials for staging and treating skin cancer |
CN109793727A (zh) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-05-24 | 湖北科技学院 | 一种有效抗恶性肿瘤的药物组合物及其应用 |
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US6569853B1 (en) * | 2000-11-06 | 2003-05-27 | Combinatorx, Incorporated | Combinations of chlorpromazine and pentamidine for the treatment of neoplastic disorders |
MXPA05000485A (es) * | 2002-07-11 | 2005-04-19 | Combinatorx Inc | Combinacion de farmacos para el tratamiento de neoplasmas. |
-
2006
- 2006-03-28 TW TW095110667A patent/TW200719903A/zh unknown
- 2006-04-18 US US11/406,213 patent/US20060235001A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-04-18 MX MX2007013038A patent/MX2007013038A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-04-18 EP EP06750577A patent/EP1874321A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-04-18 AU AU2006236401A patent/AU2006236401A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-04-18 CN CNA2006800219953A patent/CN101203226A/zh active Pending
- 2006-04-18 WO PCT/US2006/014570 patent/WO2006113718A2/en active Application Filing
- 2006-04-18 KR KR1020077026887A patent/KR20080000662A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-04-18 CA CA002605419A patent/CA2605419A1/en not_active Abandoned
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CN106309452A (zh) * | 2009-10-29 | 2017-01-11 | 安万特医药股份有限公司 | 卡巴他赛的新颖抗肿瘤用途 |
Also Published As
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AU2006236401A1 (en) | 2006-10-26 |
WO2006113718A3 (en) | 2007-12-21 |
US20060235001A1 (en) | 2006-10-19 |
CA2605419A1 (en) | 2006-10-26 |
KR20080000662A (ko) | 2008-01-02 |
EP1874321A2 (en) | 2008-01-09 |
TW200719903A (en) | 2007-06-01 |
AR053589A1 (es) | 2007-05-09 |
WO2006113718A2 (en) | 2006-10-26 |
MX2007013038A (es) | 2008-01-11 |
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