CN101201282A - Fundamental frequency identification method for detecting cord force of cable-stayed bridge - Google Patents
Fundamental frequency identification method for detecting cord force of cable-stayed bridge Download PDFInfo
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- CN101201282A CN101201282A CNA2007103002719A CN200710300271A CN101201282A CN 101201282 A CN101201282 A CN 101201282A CN A2007103002719 A CNA2007103002719 A CN A2007103002719A CN 200710300271 A CN200710300271 A CN 200710300271A CN 101201282 A CN101201282 A CN 101201282A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an identification method of fundamental frequency for detection of the force of the cable of a stayed-cable bridge, which gets a first fundamental frequency by an autopower spectrum module, a second fundamental frequency by a cepstrum module, and then determines whether the quotient of the following two values is less than or equal to the set threshold: 1. the absolute value of the difference of the first fundamental frequency and the second fundamental frequency; 2. a half of the sum of the first fundamental frequency and the second fundamental frequency. In this way, whether the fundamental frequency of the pull cable is a half of the first fundamental frequency and the second fundamental frequency is determined. By adopting the method, the accuracy and the precision of the fundamental frequencies got are significantly improved. In addition, as the vibration acceleration response time interval signal got by an acceleration sensor passes through a signal conditioning module for filtration and smooth processing firstly, the environmental noise in the vibration acceleration response time interval signal is effectively suppressed; the antijamming capability of the stayed-cable bridge is improved so that the fundamental frequency is identified more clearly and accurately.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Suo Li detection method, especially relate to a kind of fundamental frequency identification method that cord force of cable-stayed bridge detects that is used for.
Background technology
Cable systems is the important load-carrying member of cable-stayed bridge, and the vibration of randomness that cable systems causes under bridge dynamic load and wind and rain effect can cause the fatigure failure of drag-line, reduces drag-line fatigue lifetime, thereby has a strong impact on the safe operation of bridge.At present, adopt the auto-power spectrum method based on ambient vibration usually in the measuring method of cord force of cable-stayed bridge monitoring and state estimation, key is accurately to discern the fundamental frequency of cable-stayed bridge cable under the different condition, the main basis of this method
Draw cable force T and fundamental frequency f in the formula
1Relation, carry out the auto-power spectrum analysis by the drag-line random vibration signal that the acceleration transducer that is arranged on the cable-stayed bridge cable is picked up, obtain the fundamental frequency f of inhaul cable vibration signal
1After, calculate again and draw cable force, thereby judge the security performance of cable-stayed bridge according to drawing cable force, but because randomness, the variability of ambient vibration are big, the real peak of power spectrum is not easy to identify, and the fundamental frequency of drag-line is very low, and the low-frequency range of power spectrum is normal and decking or the coupling of bridge tower fundamental frequency, cause fundamental frequency identification fuzzy, Suo Li detects problems such as degree of accuracy is not high.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of fundamental frequency identification method that can effectively improve fundamental frequency identification sharpness and improve the cord force of cable-stayed bridge detection of drawing cable force to detect degree of accuracy.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted: a kind of fundamental frequency identification method that is used for the cord force of cable-stayed bridge detection, cable-stayed bridge cable is provided with acceleration transducer, the cable-stayed bridge bridge floor is provided with the control box that is connected with described acceleration transducer, be provided with the signal condition module in the described control box, data collecting card and fundamental frequency generation module, described fundamental frequency generation module comprises FFT (The Fast Fourier Transform, fast fourier transform) module, the auto-power spectrum module, cepstrum module and comparison module, it may further comprise the steps:
1), obtains the vibration acceleration response TIME HISTORY SIGNAL of drag-line in real time by acceleration transducer;
2), the vibration acceleration response TIME HISTORY SIGNAL of current period is carried out Filtering Processing, obtain time-domain signal, and time-domain signal is carried out smoothing processing by the signal condition module;
3), carry out time sharing sampling, obtain discrete-time series by the time-domain signal of the multi-way switch in the data collecting card after with smoothing processing;
4), the FFT module carries out the FFT conversion by the Fourier transform of discrete-time signal to discrete-time series, obtains the average frequency spectrum of drag-line;
5), according to the average frequency spectrum of drag-line, obtain the first fundamental frequency f of drag-line by the auto-power spectrum module
1, by the second fundamental frequency f of cepstrum module acquisition drag-line
1';
6), according to the first fundamental frequency f
1With the second fundamental frequency f
1', judge by comparison module
Whether smaller or equal to the threshold values of setting, if then determine the fundamental frequency f=(f of drag-line
1+ f
1')/2, and the fundamental frequency f of output drag-line; Then, jump procedure 2) next vibration acceleration response TIME HISTORY SIGNAL is continued to carry out.
Described signal condition module comprises amplifies attenuator circuit, buffer circuit and filtering circuit, the amplitude of described vibration acceleration response TIME HISTORY SIGNAL is amplified by the amplifier of described amplification attenuator circuit, and the vibration acceleration response TIME HISTORY SIGNAL after amplifying carried out electrical isolation by described buffer circuit, again the vibration acceleration response TIME HISTORY SIGNAL after the electrical isolation is carried out Filtering Processing by low-pass filter in the described filtering circuit and anti alias filter and obtain time-domain signal and frequency-region signal.
Described low-pass filter is 5 rank Butterworth low-pass filters.
The first fundamental frequency f of described drag-line
1The detailed process of obtaining be: 1. from the auto-power spectrum spectrogram, choose a harmonic peak near fundamental frequency, obtain the frequency f of this harmonic peak
n, n is an integer; 2. judge the frequency f of this harmonic peak
nWith the harmonic peak f before this harmonic peak
N-iThe ratio of frequency whether be n-i, and the frequency f of this harmonic peak
nWith the harmonic peak f behind this harmonic peak
N+iThe ratio of frequency whether be n+i, wherein i is the integer between 1～n-1, if then pass through f
1=f
n/ n calculates the first fundamental frequency f
1Otherwise, continue to carry out; 3. calculate n=n+1 or n=n-1, the redirect execution in step 2..
The second fundamental frequency f of described drag-line
1' the detailed process of obtaining be: the auto-power spectrum to the time-domain signal after the smoothing processing carries out the cepstrum that inverse Fourier transform calculates time-domain signal, from the cepstrum spectrogram, obtain the frequency of two adjacent arbitrarily harmonic peaks, and calculate the absolute value f ' of the frequency-splitting of two adjacent harmonic peaks, pass through f according to f '
1'=1/f ' calculates the second fundamental frequency f
1'.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that owing to pass through first fundamental frequency that the auto-power spectrum module obtains, second fundamental frequency by the acquisition of cepstrum module, and then utilize comparison module to judge that whether 1/2nd merchant of the absolute value of difference of first fundamental frequency and second fundamental frequency and first fundamental frequency and the second fundamental frequency sum is smaller or equal to the threshold values of setting, thereby the fundamental frequency of determining drag-line is 1/2nd of first fundamental frequency and the second fundamental frequency sum, has improved the accuracy and the degree of accuracy of the fundamental frequency that obtains greatly; Owing to carry out filtering and smoothing processing through the signal condition module earlier by the vibration acceleration response TIME HISTORY SIGNAL that acceleration transducer obtains in real time, effectively suppressed the noise that causes by environment in the vibration acceleration response TIME HISTORY SIGNAL, improved the antijamming capability of cord force of cable-stayed bridge monitoring system, thereby made that the fundamental frequency of identification is more clear and accurate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the inventive method;
Fig. 2 is acceleration responsive TIME HISTORY SIGNAL figure;
Fig. 3 a is the amplitude-versus-frequency curve figure of 5 rank Butterworth low-pass filters;
Fig. 3 b is the phase characteristic curve figure of 5 rank Butterworth low-pass filters;
Fig. 3 c is the shock response figure of 5 rank Butterworth low-pass filters.
Embodiment
Embodiment describes in further detail the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The fundamental frequency identification method that a kind of cord force of cable-stayed bridge detects, cable-stayed bridge cable is provided with acceleration transducer, the cable-stayed bridge bridge floor is provided with the control box that is connected with acceleration transducer, be provided with signal condition module, data collecting card and fundamental frequency generation module in the control box, the signal condition module provides operating voltage for acceleration transducer, the fundamental frequency generation module comprises FFT module, auto-power spectrum module, cepstrum module and comparison module, and as shown in Figure 1, it may further comprise the steps:
1), obtains the vibration acceleration response TIME HISTORY SIGNAL of drag-line in real time by acceleration transducer, as shown in Figure 2;
2), the vibration acceleration response TIME HISTORY SIGNAL of current period is carried out Filtering Processing, obtain time-domain signal, and time-domain signal is carried out smoothing processing by the signal condition module;
Wherein the signal condition module comprises amplification attenuator circuit, buffer circuit and filtering circuit, because the amplitude of the vibration acceleration response TIME HISTORY SIGNAL that acceleration transducer obtains is smaller, so by the amplifier that amplifies attenuator circuit its amplitude is amplified, has improved measuring accuracy; Then the vibration acceleration response TIME HISTORY SIGNAL after amplifying is carried out electrical isolation by buffer circuit, electrical isolation has suppressed the inappropriate ground connection of data collecting card effectively, avoided factor to influence measuring accuracy according to the inappropriate ground connection of capture card, avoided high common mode voltage, protected data collecting card effectively, in the present embodiment, adopted a kind of transformer-coupled AD202 general, dual-port to isolate in the buffer circuit and amplified chip, this AD202 isolates the amplification chip and comprises Signal Spacing and isolated from power; Again the vibration acceleration response TIME HISTORY SIGNAL after the electrical isolation is carried out Filtering Processing by low-pass filter in the filtering circuit and anti alias filter and obtain time-domain signal and frequency-region signal; At last the time-domain signal that obtains after the filtering is carried out smoothing processing, suppressed white noise effectively;
3), carry out time sharing sampling, obtain discrete-time series x (n), n=1,2,3... by the time-domain signal x (t) of the multi-way switch in the data collecting card after with smoothing processing; Adopted the safe PM511P multifunctional data acquisition card that grinds wound Science and Technology Ltd. in Beijing in the present embodiment, this data collecting card is the multifunctional data acquisition card of a PC104 bus, the highest sample frequency can reach 40MHz, have 12 A/D converters, by 12 A/D converters discrete-time series x (n) is converted to the digital quantity of amplitude discretize, the quantization error of A/D converter is:
In the formula, the error of the output y that Δ y (s) causes for the A/D converter link, L
yOutput area for A/D converter;
4), the FFT module utilizes window function that discrete-time series is cut into N point, is cut into 1024 points in the present embodiment, the Fourier transform by discrete-time signal carries out the FFT conversion then, obtains the average frequency spectrum of drag-line;
5), according to the average frequency spectrum of drag-line, obtain the first fundamental frequency f of drag-line by the auto-power spectrum module
1, by the second fundamental frequency f of cepstrum module acquisition drag-line
1';
The first fundamental frequency f of drag-line
1The detailed process of obtaining be: 1. from the auto-power spectrum spectrogram, choose a harmonic peak near fundamental frequency, obtain the frequency f of this harmonic peak
n, n is an integer; 2. judge the frequency f of this harmonic peak
nWith the harmonic peak f before this harmonic peak
N-iThe ratio of frequency whether be n-i, and the frequency f of this harmonic peak
nWith the harmonic peak f behind this harmonic peak
N+iThe ratio of frequency whether be n+i, wherein i is the integer between 1～n-1, if then pass through f
1=f
n/ n calculates the first fundamental frequency f
1Otherwise, continue to carry out; 3. calculate n=n+1 or n=n-1, the redirect execution in step 2..
The second fundamental frequency f of drag-line
1' the detailed process of obtaining be: to the auto-power spectrum S of the time-domain signal x (t) after the smoothing processing
x(f) pass through G
p(τ)={ F
-1[lg|X (f) |
2]
2={ F
-1[lgS
x(f) }
2Carry out inverse Fourier transform and calculate the cepstrum G of time-domain signal
p(τ), X in the formula (f) is the Fourier transform of time-domain signal x (t), this conversion process is the form that the auto-power spectrum of complexity is turned to a series of convolution or product earlier, change into by taking the logarithm again simple and form, the composition component of time-domain signal can be identified so very easily, and useful signal content can be better therefrom extracted; Time-domain signal is after the cepstrum conversion, to become the sideband spectral line of family to be reduced to a single spectral line on the original auto-power spectrum spectrogram, can identify the periodic structure on the complicated auto-power spectrum spectrogram, separate and extract periodic component in the intensive general frequency signal, because the peak value on the auto-power spectrum spectrogram of the drag-line of vibration has the obvious periodic feature, after the cepstrum conversion, harmonic peak in the cepstrum spectrogram is more obvious, from the cepstrum spectrogram, obtain the frequency of two adjacent arbitrarily harmonic peaks, and calculate the absolute value f ' of the frequency-splitting of two adjacent harmonic peaks, pass through f according to f '
1'=1/f ' calculates the second fundamental frequency f
1'.
6), according to the first fundamental frequency f
1With the second fundamental frequency f
1', judge by comparison module
Whether smaller or equal to the threshold values of setting, if then determine the fundamental frequency f=(f of drag-line
1+ f
1')/2, and the fundamental frequency f of output drag-line; Otherwise, jump procedure 2) next vibration acceleration response TIME HISTORY SIGNAL is continued to carry out, the threshold values of setting in the present embodiment is 5%, is can be received within 5% in error on the engineering.
The vibration acceleration response TIME HISTORY SIGNAL of filtering circuit after to electrical isolation carried out in the process of filtering, for the noise of the frequency that comes from line of electric force or machinery and equipment at 50Hz or 60Hz, present embodiment adopts low-pass filter to realize, because the effective ingredient of the vibration acceleration response TIME HISTORY SIGNAL that acceleration transducer obtains concentrates on low-frequency range, the characteristics that the amplitude characteristic of maximally-flat is arranged in the cutoff frequency section in conjunction with Butterworth (Butterworth) wave filter, designed one 5 rank Butterworth (Butterworth) low-pass filter, its frequency characteristic, phase propetry, shock response is respectively as Fig. 3 a, shown in 3b and the 3c; And the signal aliasing that cause lower for sampling rate, present embodiment is eliminated the vibration acceleration response TIME HISTORY SIGNAL that all frequencies surpass 1/2 sampling rate by the MAX293 anti alias filter before sampling, the MAX293 anti alias filter is made up of simulation low-pass filter and digital filter, analog filter is positioned over the front of A/D converter, be used for high frequency noise and the interference of erasure signal passage between A/D conversion, in this way, the numeral output of conversion just can be eliminated the aliasing harmonic information, and digital filter is positioned over the back of A/D converter, reduces the noise on the frequency in the passband by adopting averaging.
Claims (5)
1. one kind is used for the fundamental frequency identification method that cord force of cable-stayed bridge detects, cable-stayed bridge cable is provided with acceleration transducer, it is characterized in that the cable-stayed bridge bridge floor is provided with the control box that is connected with described acceleration transducer, be provided with signal condition module, data collecting card and fundamental frequency generation module in the described control box, described fundamental frequency generation module comprises FFT module, auto-power spectrum module, cepstrum module and comparison module, and it may further comprise the steps:
1), obtains the vibration acceleration response TIME HISTORY SIGNAL of drag-line in real time by acceleration transducer;
2), the vibration acceleration response TIME HISTORY SIGNAL of current period is carried out Filtering Processing, obtain time-domain signal, and time-domain signal is carried out smoothing processing by the signal condition module;
3), carry out time sharing sampling, obtain discrete-time series by the time-domain signal of the multi-way switch in the data collecting card after with smoothing processing;
4), the FFT module carries out the FFT conversion by the Fourier transform of discrete-time signal to discrete-time series, obtains the average frequency spectrum of drag-line;
5), according to the average frequency spectrum of drag-line, obtain the first fundamental frequency f of drag-line by the auto-power spectrum module
1, by the second fundamental frequency f of cepstrum module acquisition drag-line
1';
6), according to the first fundamental frequency f
1With the second fundamental frequency f
1', judge by comparison module
Whether smaller or equal to the threshold values of setting, if then determine the fundamental frequency f=(f of drag-line
1+ f
1')/2, and the fundamental frequency f of output drag-line; Otherwise, jump procedure 2) next vibration acceleration response TIME HISTORY SIGNAL is continued to carry out.
2. a kind of fundamental frequency identification method that cord force of cable-stayed bridge detects that is used for as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described signal condition module comprises the amplification attenuator circuit, buffer circuit and filtering circuit, the amplitude of described vibration acceleration response TIME HISTORY SIGNAL is amplified by the amplifier of described amplification attenuator circuit, and the vibration acceleration response TIME HISTORY SIGNAL after amplifying carried out electrical isolation by described buffer circuit, again the vibration acceleration response TIME HISTORY SIGNAL after the electrical isolation is carried out Filtering Processing by low-pass filter in the described filtering circuit and anti alias filter and obtain time-domain signal and frequency-region signal.
3. a kind of fundamental frequency identification method that cord force of cable-stayed bridge detects that is used for as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described low-pass filter is 5 rank Butterworth low-pass filters.
4. a kind of fundamental frequency identification method that cord force of cable-stayed bridge detects that is used for as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the first fundamental frequency f of described drag-line
1The detailed process of obtaining be: 1. from the auto-power spectrum spectrogram, choose a harmonic peak near fundamental frequency, obtain the frequency f of this harmonic peak
n, n is an integer; 2. judge the frequency f of this harmonic peak
nWith the harmonic peak f before this harmonic peak
N-iThe ratio of frequency whether be n-i, and the frequency f of this harmonic peak
nWith the harmonic peak f behind this harmonic peak
N+iThe ratio of frequency whether be n+i, wherein i is the integer between 1～n-1, if then pass through f
1=f
n/ n calculates the first fundamental frequency f
1Otherwise, continue to carry out; 3. calculate n=n+1 or n=n-1, the redirect execution in step 2..
5. a kind of fundamental frequency identification method that cord force of cable-stayed bridge detects that is used for as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the second fundamental frequency f of described drag-line
1' the detailed process of obtaining be: the auto-power spectrum to the time-domain signal after the smoothing processing carries out the cepstrum that inverse Fourier transform calculates time-domain signal, from the cepstrum spectrogram, obtain the frequency of two adjacent arbitrarily harmonic peaks, and calculate the absolute value f ' of the frequency-splitting of two adjacent harmonic peaks, pass through f according to f '
1'=1/f ' calculates the second fundamental frequency f
1'.
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