CN110346035A - Bridge real-time frequency test method and system - Google Patents
Bridge real-time frequency test method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110346035A CN110346035A CN201910578386.7A CN201910578386A CN110346035A CN 110346035 A CN110346035 A CN 110346035A CN 201910578386 A CN201910578386 A CN 201910578386A CN 110346035 A CN110346035 A CN 110346035A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H13/00—Measuring resonant frequency
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
- G01M7/025—Measuring arrangements
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Abstract
The present invention relates to vibration-testing apparatus field, a kind of bridge real-time frequency test method and system are disclosed, including, measuring device, for measuring multiple dominant frequency of bridge and exporting all dominant frequency signals；Bandpass filter is connect with the measuring device, for crossing other dominant frequency signals filtered out other than reference frequency signal；Chromacoder is connect with the bandpass filter, for receiving the reference frequency and being converted to square-wave signal；Reference clock is connect with the chromacoder, for measuring the period of square-wave signal.The present invention, which can efficiently solve frequency measurement in the bridge structure that traditional frequency domain method obtains, certain time delay, can not real-time testing bridge frequency the problem of.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vibration-testing apparatus fields, and in particular to bridge real-time frequency test method and system.
Background technique
Bridge is when the vehicle passes by or foot bridge is when pedestrian passes through, and the frequency of bridge can change, to ensure bridge
Safety beam needs to obtain the high-precision real-time frequency of bridge.
Conventional bridge structure frequency test method, is mainly based upon frequency domain method principle, i.e., by vibrating sensor, records bridge
The actual vibration time-history curves of beam after sampling, by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), obtain the spectrum information of structure.Due to frequency
The frequency resolution of domain method is equal to the inverse (Δ f=1/t, t are the sampling time) of data test duration, in order to improve bridge structure
The measuring resolution of frequency needs to extend sampling time t, on the one hand increases calculation amount, while also increasing time delays, most
It can only obtain the average frequency in the t time eventually, rather than the vibration frequency at current time.Therefore for above-mentioned vehicle or pedestrian
Lead to the operating condition of rapid contribution bridge frequency, above-mentioned routine is difficult to obtain the real-time frequency of bridge based on the method for frequency domain spectrum analysis
Rate.
If certain bridge on highway is continuous steel plate girder bridge, each span setting is 4 × 35=140m, this abutment frequency
For 2.5Hz, in order to reach 1% frequency resolution Δ f=0.025Hz, then sampling time t=40s, it is assumed that speed 100km/h,
Then the vehicle has been rapidly directed away from after 40s, reaches the new position that distance measurement point is 1111m, the analysis method based on frequency domain can be with
The average frequency value in 40s is obtained, but is unable to get loaded vehicle during fast running on bridge, the vibration frequency of measurement point
The case where changing over time.
Such as certain foot bridge, main span 50m, fundamental frequency about 1Hz, it is assumed that the speed of pedestrian is 1m/s, in order to reach 1% frequency point
Resolution Δ f=0.01Hz, then the sampling time will reach 100s, then in this sampling time section, the moving distance of pedestrian is 100m, greatly
In span of bridge, it is unable to get the variation of pedestrian's bridge frequency caused by different location walking on bridge floor.
Traditional frequency domain method can only obtain the average frequency value in a period of time, and have longer time lag, no
It is capable of the frequency of real-time testing bridge.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of bridge real-time frequency test methods
And system, can efficiently solve frequency measurement in the bridge structure that traditional frequency domain method obtains has certain time delay, cannot
The problem of frequency of enough real-time testing bridges.
To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
The one side present invention provides a kind of bridge real-time frequency test method, comprising:
Obtain multiple dominant frequency signal f of bridge1、f2... fn determines reference frequency signal fi, wherein [1, n] i ∈, and determines
The minimum frequency space W of reference frequency signal fi and other dominant frequency signals；
According to the bandwidth range B of reference frequency signal fi and minimum frequency space W setting bandpass filter；
By all dominant frequency signals input bandpass filter and outputting reference frequency signal；
Square-wave signal will be obtained after reference frequency signal shaping；
According to the period Δ t of the square-wave signal, calculating real-time frequency is f=1/ Δ t.
Based on the above technical solution, bandpass filtering is arranged according to reference frequency signal fi and minimum frequency space W
The bandwidth range of device, specifically includes:
Setting bandwidth range B be arranged centered on reference frequency signal fi, and be arranged bandwidth range B ∈ [fi-0.5W,
fi+0.5W]。
Based on the above technical solution, all dominant frequency signals are being inputted into bandpass filter and outputting reference frequency letter
Before number, all dominant frequency signals are by signal amplifier amplification input bandpass filter.
Based on the above technical solution, multiple dominant frequency signals of bridge structure are obtained using frequency domain method.
Based on the above technical solution, reference frequency signal is by obtaining square wave after analog voltage comparator shaping
Signal
On the other hand, the present invention provides a kind of bridge real-time frequency test macro, comprising:
Measuring device, for measuring multiple dominant frequency of bridge and exporting all dominant frequency signals；
Bandpass filter is connect with the measuring device, for crossing other dominant frequency filtered out other than reference frequency signal
Signal；
Chromacoder is connect with the bandpass filter, for receiving the reference frequency and being converted to square wave
Signal；
Reference clock is connect with the chromacoder, for measuring the period of square-wave signal.
Based on the above technical solution, the measuring device is vibrating sensor, and the vibrating sensor is using frequency
Multiple dominant frequency signals of domain method acquisition bridge structure.
Based on the above technical solution, test macro further includes signal amplifier, the vibrating sensor and band logical
Filter is connected by the signal amplifier, and the signal amplifier is used to receive the dominant frequency signal of measuring device output and puts
It is transmitted to the bandpass filter greatly.
Based on the above technical solution, the chromacoder is analog voltage comparator, is used for benchmark frequency
Square-wave signal is obtained after rate signal shaping.
Based on the above technical solution, the test macro further includes controller, with the signal amplifier, band
Bandpass filter and reference clock are all connected with.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provide a kind of bridge real-time frequency test method and
System obtains multiple dominant frequency signals of bridge by traditional frequency domain method, and determines reference frequency.Go out by bandpass filter
The dominant frequency signal for removing other orders is formed square wave using chromacoder conversion dominant frequency signal, and is obtained using reference clock
The period of square wave finally obtains the real-time dominant frequency signal of bridge.Solves frequency in the bridge structure that traditional frequency domain method obtains
Resolution ratio has certain time delay, can not real-time testing bridge frequency the problem of.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of Bridge of embodiment of the present invention real-time frequency test macro.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of Bridge of embodiment of the present invention real-time frequency test macro, as shown in Figure 1, the present invention is implemented
Example provides a kind of bridge real-time frequency test method, which includes:
S1: multiple dominant frequency signal f of bridge are obtained1、f2... fn determines reference frequency signal fi, wherein [1, n] i ∈, n,
For positive integer, and determine the minimum frequency space W of reference frequency signal fi and other dominant frequency signals.
Preferably, multiple dominant frequency signals of bridge structure are obtained using traditional frequency domain method using vibrating sensor.Specifically
Ground acquires the frequency segment information in the sampling time within the sampling time, to obtain the dominant frequency letter of each order of bridge
Number.
Multiple dominant frequency signals include to the maximum reference signal of Bridge Influence, and other masters adjacent with the reference signal
Frequency signal.
Determine the minimum frequency space W of reference frequency signal fi Yu other dominant frequency signals.It can be subsequent bandpass filtering
The setting of device is prepared.
S2: according to the bandwidth range B of reference frequency signal fi and minimum frequency space W setting bandpass filter.
Preferably, according to the bandwidth range of reference frequency signal fi and minimum frequency space W setting bandpass filter, specifically
Include:
In the present embodiment, bandwidth range B is arranged according to fi and W, band-pass filter can be made to fall other dominant frequency
Signal only allows reference frequency signal to pass through.
Preferably, setting bandwidth range B is arranged centered on reference frequency signal fi, and bandwidth range B ∈ is arranged
[fi-W,fi+W]。
It may insure that band-pass filter falls the dominant frequency signal of other orders of non-referenced frequency signal in this way.General feelings
Under condition, the bandwidth range suggestion of bandpass filter is in ± 20% range of benchmark frequency signal.The optimum bandwidth of different bridges
Value B is different, need to carry out actual measurement optimization according to practical bridge situation.The smaller frequency range that can be observed of B is small, measurement
Precision is higher.
Preferably, before by all dominant frequency signals input bandpass filter and outputting reference frequency signal, all dominant frequency letters
Number by signal amplifier amplification input bandpass filter.
It is using signal amplifier that all dominant frequency signal sides is big, bandpass filter can be made preferably to identify all masters
Frequency signal.The amplification factor of signal amplifier is controlled by external director demon.
S3: by all dominant frequency signals input bandpass filter and outputting reference frequency signal.
After setting the bandwidth range of bandpass filter, only reference frequency signal could by bandpass filter, so
The maximum reference frequency signal of Bridge Influence will just be screened.
In the present embodiment, bandpass filter is program-controlled analog filter, and parameter is (bandwidth B, quality factor q), journey
Control quality factor q=f of analog filteri/B.Program-controlled analog filter is also to be controlled by external director demon.
S4: square-wave signal will be obtained after reference frequency signal shaping.
Preferably, reference frequency signal is by obtaining square-wave signal after analog voltage comparator shaping.In the present embodiment
In, obtaining square-wave signal using analog voltage comparator can be better
S5: according to the period Δ t of the square-wave signal, calculating real-time frequency is f=1/ Δ t.
Half-wave (rising edge, a failing edge) is then utilized to measure the frequency measurement of square wave, rising edge starts pair
Reference clock counts (N1), and failing edge terminates to count (N2), therefore half wave cycles 0.5 Δ t=(N2-N1) * reference clock, this is
System makees reference clock using 1MHz Low Drift Temperature clock source, finallyReference clock refers to two
The time interval of a time very little.
Reference clock floats clock using High Precision Low Temperature, and reference clock generally uses the sample frequency of 1MHz, frequency discrimination
Rate is 10-6, there is very high frequency test precision.
On the other hand, the present invention provides a kind of bridge real-time frequency test macro, and test macro includes:
Measuring device, for measuring multiple dominant frequency of bridge and exporting all dominant frequency signals；
Bandpass filter is connect with measuring device, for crossing other dominant frequency signals filtered out other than reference frequency signal；
Chromacoder is connect with bandpass filter, for receiving reference frequency and being converted to square-wave signal；
Reference clock is connect with chromacoder, for measuring the period of square-wave signal.
Preferably, measuring device is vibrating sensor, and vibrating sensor obtains multiple masters of bridge structure using frequency domain method
Frequency signal.Multiple dominant frequency signals are the vibration signal of each order of bridge.
Preferably, test macro further includes signal amplifier, and vibrating sensor and bandpass filter pass through signal amplifier
Connection, signal amplifier, which is used to receive the dominant frequency signal of measuring device output and amplifies, is transmitted to bandpass filter.
Preferably, chromacoder is analog voltage comparator, for by the side of obtaining after reference frequency signal shaping
Wave signal.
Preferably, test macro further includes controller, is connected with signal amplifier, bandpass filter and reference clock
It connects.Reference clock is used to measure the period of square wave.
To sum up, a kind of bridge real-time frequency test method and system provided by the invention, are obtained by traditional frequency domain method
Multiple dominant frequency signals of bridge, and determine reference frequency.It goes out the dominant frequency signals of other orders, utilizes by bandpass filter
Chromacoder converts dominant frequency signal and forms square wave, and obtains the period of square wave using reference clock, finally obtains bridge
Real-time dominant frequency signal.Solve in the bridge structure that traditional frequency domain method obtains that frequency resolution has certain time delay, no
The problem of capableing of the frequency of real-time testing bridge.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, for those skilled in the art, is not departing from
Under the premise of the principle of the invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications are also considered as protection of the invention
Within the scope of.The content being not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art well known to professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of bridge real-time frequency test method characterized by comprising
Obtain multiple dominant frequency signal f of bridge1、f2... fn determines reference frequency signal fi, wherein [1, n] i ∈, and determines benchmark
The minimum frequency space W of frequency signal fi and other dominant frequency signals；
According to the bandwidth range B of reference frequency signal fi and minimum frequency space W setting bandpass filter；
By all dominant frequency signals input bandpass filter and outputting reference frequency signal；
Square-wave signal will be obtained after reference frequency signal shaping；
According to the period Δ t of the square-wave signal, calculating real-time frequency is f=1/ Δ t.
2. bridge real-time frequency test method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that according to reference frequency signal fi and most
The bandwidth range of bandpass filter is arranged in small frequency interval W, specifically includes:
Setting bandwidth range B is arranged centered on reference frequency signal fi, and bandwidth range B ∈ [fi-0.5W, fi+ is arranged
0.5W]。
3. bridge real-time frequency test method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that by all dominant frequency signal input tapes
Before bandpass filter and outputting reference frequency signal, all dominant frequency signals are by signal amplifier amplification input bandpass filtering
Device.
4. bridge real-time frequency test method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that obtain bridge structure using frequency domain method
Multiple dominant frequency signals.
5. bridge real-time frequency test method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that reference frequency signal passes through simulation electricity
Square-wave signal is obtained after pressure comparator shaping.
6. a kind of test macro applied to bridge real-time frequency test method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Stating test macro includes:
Measuring device, for measuring multiple dominant frequency of bridge and exporting all dominant frequency signals；
Bandpass filter is connect with the measuring device, for crossing other dominant frequency signals filtered out other than reference frequency signal；
Chromacoder is connect with the bandpass filter, for receiving the reference frequency and being converted to square-wave signal；
Reference clock is connect with the chromacoder, for measuring the period of square-wave signal.
7. bridge real-time frequency test macro as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: the measuring device is vibrating sensing
Device, the vibrating sensor obtain multiple dominant frequency signals of bridge structure using frequency domain method.
8. bridge real-time frequency test macro as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: test macro further includes signal amplification
Device, the vibrating sensor are connect with bandpass filter by the signal amplifier, and the signal amplifier is surveyed for receiving
The dominant frequency signal and amplification that amount device exports are transmitted to the bandpass filter.
9. bridge real-time frequency test macro as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: the chromacoder is simulation
Voltage comparator, for square-wave signal will to be obtained after reference frequency signal shaping.
10. bridge real-time frequency test macro as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the test macro further includes control
Device processed is all connected with the signal amplifier, bandpass filter and reference clock.
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