CN103558040B - The instrument and equipment of cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering monitoring and method - Google Patents
The instrument and equipment of cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering monitoring and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103558040B CN103558040B CN201310319886.1A CN201310319886A CN103558040B CN 103558040 B CN103558040 B CN 103558040B CN 201310319886 A CN201310319886 A CN 201310319886A CN 103558040 B CN103558040 B CN 103558040B
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Abstract
The invention discloses instrument and equipment and the method for the monitoring of a kind of cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering, comprise abutment, bridge pier, Sarasota, girder, the monitoring of drag-line, in the construction of cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering, adopt the center line of transit monitoring Cable-stayed Bridges, adopt spirit-leveling instrument monitoring Cable-stayed Bridges, the absolute altitude of abutment end face, adopt Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device, the degree of tilt of Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus monitoring Sarasota and swing, adopt the displacement of the lines of line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor monitoring girder, adopt the amount of deflection of photoelectric deflection tester of building element monitoring girder, adopt the cross torsion degree of communicating pipe member inclination sensor monitoring girder, arm-type angular displacement sensor is adopted to monitor the angular displacement of main beam structure, adopt the swing of three-dimensional oscillating Sensor monitoring girder.Those monitoring instrument equipment used in cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering, can system, continuously, in real time cable-stayed bridge is monitored, for cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering construction technical guarantee is provided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of instrument and equipment of its abutment, bridge pier, Sarasota, girder, drag-line being monitored when cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering is constructed and method, the instrument and equipment of a kind of cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering monitoring specifically and method.
Background technology
At present, some cable-stayed bridge is in operational process, due to the impact of the factors such as load, material, maintenance, construction, design, environment, quality problems such as making the drag-line generation corrosion of cable-stayed bridge, rupture, drop, relate to safety and the function of cable-stayed bridge, the stress of changing rope and adjusting girder, Sarasota, drag-line must have been carried out in time.But the monitoring instrument apparatus and method for used during existing cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering construction, all can not system, continuously, in real time girder, Sarasota, drag-line etc. are monitored, cannot reflect that cable-stayed bridge is in the situation of changing stressed, the displacement in rope, swing etc. fast, in time, the adjustment cannot exchanging rope operation, Suo Li etc. in time provides technical basis, effectively cannot control the risk of cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering construction.
Summary of the invention
The deficiency of rope monitoring instrument equipment is changed for current cable-stayed bridge, the present invention proposes instrument and equipment and the method for the monitoring of a kind of cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering, its can system, continuously, in real time the abutment of cable-stayed bridge, bridge pier, Sarasota, girder, drag-line are monitored, for the construction of cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering provides technical guarantee.
Technical solution problem of the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
An instrument and equipment for cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering monitoring, includes the abutment of described cable-stayed bridge, bridge pier, Sarasota, girder, drag-line, adopts transit, spirit-leveling instrument, Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device I, Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device II, Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus I, Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus II, wind speed and wind is frequency recorder aweather, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor a, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor b, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor c, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor d, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor e, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor f, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor g, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor h, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor i, the horizontal laser light standard a of photoelectric deflection tester of building element a, measuring point device a, measuring point device b, measuring point device c, the horizontal laser light standard b of photoelectric deflection tester of building element b, measuring point device d, measuring point device e, measuring point device f, the horizontal laser light standard c of photoelectric deflection tester of building element c, measuring point device g, measuring point device h, measuring point device i, measuring point device j, the level sensing device a of communicating pipe member inclination sensor a and communicating pipe, the level sensing device b of communicating pipe member inclination sensor b and communicating pipe, the level sensing device c of communicating pipe member inclination sensor c and communicating pipe, the level sensing device d of communicating pipe member inclination sensor d and communicating pipe, the level sensing device e of communicating pipe member inclination sensor e and communicating pipe, the level sensing device f of communicating pipe member inclination sensor f and communicating pipe, arm-type angular displacement sensor, three-dimensional oscillating sensor a, three-dimensional oscillating sensor b, three-dimensional oscillating sensor c, three-dimensional oscillating sensor d, three-dimensional oscillating sensor e, three-dimensional oscillating sensor f, foil gauge, vibro-pickup, the instrument and equipment of frequency sensor is monitored, and described cable-stayed bridge quotes measurement net and the leveling point of the earth, to its bridge floor center line, floor elevation, abutment absolute altitude is monitored, at the abutment of the left half-bridge of described cable-stayed bridge and right half-bridge, bridge pier, Sarasota, girder, monitoring instrument equipment on drag-line, and the installation site of those instrument and equipments is all identical.
Upstream side bottom described Sarasota is provided with Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device I, the upstream side at described Sarasota top is provided with Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus I, downstream bottom described Sarasota is provided with Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device II, downstream side in the middle part of described Sarasota is provided with Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus II, described Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device I aims at Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus I Emission Lasers, monitors described Sarasota top is longitudinal along bridge, bridge is horizontal degree of tilt and swing; Described Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device II aims at Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus II Emission Lasers, monitor the degree of tilt longitudinal along bridge in the middle part of described Sarasota, bridge is horizontal and swing, in addition, the observation station of cable-stayed bridge described in two sides, transit is adopted to check the degree of tilt of the described Sarasota of monitoring, wind speed and wind aweather frequency recorder is installed at the top of described Sarasota, monitors the wind speed suffered by described cable-stayed bridge, wind direction, wind frequency.
The platform cap of described abutment is provided with line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor a, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor b, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor c, the bracing wire hook of described line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor a, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor b, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor c, be hung on three links of described Abutment bottom plane of main girder, monitor successively described girder at this place along bridge longitudinally, bridge laterally, the displacement of the lines in vertical three directions, the pier shaft of described bridge pier is provided with line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor d, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor e, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor f, the bracing wire hook of described line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor d, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor e, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor f, be hung on three links of described bridge pier place bottom plane of main girder, monitor successively described girder at this place along bridge longitudinally, bridge laterally, the displacement of the lines in vertical three directions, the tower body of described Sarasota is provided with line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor g, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor h, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor i, described line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor g, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor h, the bracing wire hook of line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor i, be hung on three links of described Sarasota place bottom plane of main girder, monitor described girder successively at this place along bridge longitudinally, bridge laterally, the displacement of the lines in vertical three directions, the horizontal laser light standard a of photoelectric deflection tester of building element a is installed in the downstream of described abutment abutment body, at 1/4 end bay of described bottom plane of main girder along bridge center line, 1/2 end bay, 3/4 end bay place, the measuring point device a of described photoelectric deflection tester of building element a is installed successively, measuring point device b, measuring point device c, three generating lasers of described horizontal laser light standard a, aim at described measuring point device a respectively, measuring point device b, measuring point device c sends the laser of level, monitor the amount of deflection of described cable-stayed bridge end bay girder, the horizontal laser light standard b of photoelectric deflection tester of building element b is installed in the downstream of described bridge pier pier shaft, in described bottom plane of main girder 1/4 time along bridge center line across, in 1/2 time across, in 3/4 time across place, the measuring point device d of described photoelectric deflection tester of building element b, measuring point device e, measuring point device f are installed successively, three generating lasers of described horizontal laser light standard b, aim at described measuring point device d, measuring point device e respectively, laser that measuring point device f sends level, monitor the amount of deflection across girder in described cable-stayed bridge time, the horizontal laser light standard c of photoelectric deflection tester of building element c is installed in the downstream of described Sarasota tower body, described bottom plane of main girder along in 1/8 of bridge center line across, in 1/4 across, in 3/8 across, across place in 1/2, the measuring point device g of described photoelectric deflection tester of building element c is installed successively, measuring point device h, measuring point device i, measuring point device j, four generating lasers of described horizontal laser light standard c, aim at described measuring point device g respectively, measuring point device h, measuring point device i, measuring point device j sends the laser of level, monitor the amount of deflection across girder in described cable-stayed bridge half, described in Abutment, the bottom of girder is provided with communicating pipe member inclination sensor a, two level sensing device a of described communicating pipe member inclination sensor a, be arranged on two sides of described girder respectively, bottom plane of main girder described in Abutment there is communicating pipe, level sensing device a described in two is communicated with by this communicating pipe, two described level sensing device a and fill water in communicating pipe, the cross torsion degree of girder described in monitoring Abutment, described in bridge end bay span centre place, the bottom of girder is provided with communicating pipe member inclination sensor b, two level sensing device b of described communicating pipe member inclination sensor b, be arranged on two sides of described girder respectively, bottom plane of main girder described in bridge end bay span centre place there is communicating pipe, level sensing device b described in two is communicated with by this communicating pipe, two described level sensing device b and fill water in communicating pipe, the cross torsion degree of girder described in monitoring bridge end bay span centre place, described in bridge pier place, the bottom of girder is provided with communicating pipe member inclination sensor c, two level sensing device c of described communicating pipe member inclination sensor c, be arranged on two sides of described girder respectively, bottom plane of main girder described in bridge pier place there is communicating pipe, level sensing device c described in two is communicated with by this communicating pipe, two described level sensing device c and fill water in communicating pipe, the cross torsion degree of girder described in monitoring bridge pier place, in bridge is secondary, across the bottom of girder described in span centre place, communicating pipe member inclination sensor d is installed, two level sensing device d of described communicating pipe member inclination sensor d, be arranged on two sides of described girder respectively, communicating pipe is had across on bottom plane of main girder described in span centre place in bridge is secondary, level sensing device d described in two is communicated with by this communicating pipe, two described level sensing device d and fill water in communicating pipe, across the cross torsion degree of girder described in span centre place in monitoring bridge time, described in Sarasota place, the bottom of girder is provided with communicating pipe member inclination sensor e, two level sensing device e of described communicating pipe member inclination sensor e, be arranged on two sides of described girder respectively, bottom plane of main girder described in Sarasota place there is communicating pipe, level sensing device e described in two is communicated with by this communicating pipe, two described level sensing device e and fill water in communicating pipe, the cross torsion degree of girder described in monitoring Sarasota place, in bridge, across the bottom of girder described in span centre place, communicating pipe member inclination sensor f is installed, two level sensing device f of described communicating pipe member inclination sensor f, be arranged on two sides of described girder respectively, communicating pipe is had across on bottom plane of main girder described in span centre place in bridge, level sensing device f described in two is communicated with by this communicating pipe, two described level sensing device f and fill water in communicating pipe, across the cross torsion degree of girder described in span centre place in monitoring bridge, at the abutment of described cable-stayed bridge, end bay span centre, bridge pier, across span centre in secondary, Sarasota, in have two arm-type angular displacement sensors across in span centre place girder cross-sectional configuration, these two described arm-type angular displacement sensors are placed on the web of both sides, described girder transversal section respectively, the roller of described arm-type angular displacement sensor is resisted against the top board of described girder transversal section, monitor the angular displacement of described girder cross-sectional configuration, base plate in girder described in Abutment is provided with three-dimensional oscillating sensor a, the center line of described three-dimensional oscillating sensor a and bridge centerline parallel, described in monitoring Abutment, girder along bridge longitudinally, bridge laterally, the amplitude that vertical three directions swing, frequency, base plate in girder described in bridge end bay span centre place is provided with three-dimensional oscillating sensor b, the center line of described three-dimensional oscillating sensor b and bridge centerline parallel, girder described in monitoring bridge end bay span centre place is along amplitude, frequency that bridge longitudinal direction, bridge transverse direction, vertical three directions swing, base plate in girder described in bridge pier place is provided with three-dimensional oscillating sensor c, the center line of described three-dimensional oscillating sensor c and bridge centerline parallel, girder described in monitoring bridge pier place is along amplitude, frequency that bridge longitudinal direction, bridge transverse direction, vertical three directions swing, in bridge is secondary, across on the base plate in girder described in span centre place, three-dimensional oscillating sensor d is installed, the center line of described three-dimensional oscillating sensor d and bridge centerline parallel, in monitoring bridge time across girder described in span centre place along bridge longitudinally, bridge laterally, amplitude, frequency that vertical three directions swing, base plate in girder described in Sarasota place is provided with three-dimensional oscillating sensor e, the center line of described three-dimensional oscillating sensor e and bridge centerline parallel, girder described in monitoring Sarasota place is along amplitude, frequency that bridge longitudinal direction, bridge transverse direction, vertical three directions swing, in bridge, across on the base plate in girder described in span centre place, three-dimensional oscillating sensor f is installed, the center line of described three-dimensional oscillating sensor f and bridge centerline parallel, in monitoring bridge across girder described in span centre place along bridge longitudinally, bridge laterally, amplitude, frequency that vertical three directions swing, abutment, 1/4 end bay, 1/2 end bay, 3/4 end bay, bridge pier, in 1/4 time across, in 1/2 time across, in 3/4 time across in, Sarasota, 1/8 across, in 1/4 across, in 3/8 across on, upper and lower edge across the described girder in place in 1/2, foil gauge is pasted with along bridge center line, the strain of main beam structure is gone out by strain-gauge test, again by converting, monitor the stress of described main beam structure, on the bridge floor of described cable-stayed bridge, parallel bridge center line is equidistantly mounted with several vibro-pickups, adopts vibration pick-up to test out the natural frequency, the vibration shape etc. of girder, monitors the kinematic behavior of described girder.
The described drag-line that design is specified is provided with frequency sensor, before often changing a drag-line, after, and change the pulling force of monitoring drag-line described in those in rope process, adopt the double control-type prestress tensioning equipment being built-in with pressure transducer and hydraulic cylinder type elongation sensor, when the new drag-line that jack tension is changed, the stretching force of described drag-line is monitored by this double control-type prestress tensioning equipment, elongation, on described bridge pier pier shaft, vertically axis direction is pasted with foil gauge, the strain of bridge pier structure is gone out by strain-gauge test, again by converting, monitor the stress of described bridge pier.
A method for cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering monitoring, carry out according to the following steps successively:
(1) make the monitoring scheme of cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering, do the preliminary work of cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering monitoring;
(2) by the scheme of cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering monitoring, the abutment of cable-stayed bridge, bridge pier, Sarasota, girder, drag-line install monitoring instrument equipment;
(3) all monitoring instrument equipment is debugged, and drafts out the monitoring prediction scheme that emergency condition occurs when cable-stayed bridge changes rope;
(4) stage before rope is changed, when blocking traffic and shut-down, periodically operation monitoring instrument and equipment, to center line, floor elevation, abutment end face absolute altitude, the Sarasota degree of tilt of the bridge floor of cable-stayed bridge and swing, girder displacement of the lines, Main Girder Deflection, girder cross torsion degree, main beam structure angular displacement, girder swing, main beam structure stress, girder kinematic behavior, drag-line pulling force, bridge pier structure stress are monitored;
(5) change in the rope stage, when blocking traffic, operation monitoring instrument and equipment in real time, to the Sarasota degree of tilt of cable-stayed bridge and swing, girder displacement of the lines, Main Girder Deflection, girder cross torsion degree, main beam structure angular displacement, girder swing, drag-line pulling force, cable tension time stretching force and elongation monitor; And periodically operation monitoring instrument and equipment, the center line of the bridge floor of cable-stayed bridge, floor elevation, abutment end face absolute altitude, main beam structure stress, bridge pier structure stress are monitored;
(6) stage after rope is changed, when blocking traffic and shut-down, periodically operation monitoring instrument and equipment, to center line, floor elevation, abutment end face absolute altitude, the Sarasota degree of tilt of the bridge floor of cable-stayed bridge and swing, girder displacement of the lines, Main Girder Deflection, girder cross torsion degree, main beam structure angular displacement, girder swing, main beam structure stress, girder kinematic behavior, drag-line pulling force, bridge pier structure stress are monitored;
(7) submit Surveillance to, complete the work of cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering monitoring.
In the present invention, cable-stayed bridge changes the instrument and equipment of rope monitoring based on following principle of work:
Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device I, Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device II, Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus I, Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus II monitor the principle of work of Sarasota degree of tilt and swing: Sarasota, can run-off the straight and swing under natural frequency, girder load, Cable power, wind to carry etc. and acts on.Now by the Sarasota rocking test generating laser a of Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device I being arranged on upstream side bottom Sarasota, Sarasota to the Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus I be arranged on described Sarasota head upstream side swings target spot device a Emission Lasers, tests Sarasota top along the degree of tilt of bridge transverse direction and swing; By the Sarasota rocking test generating laser b of Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device I being arranged on upstream side bottom Sarasota, Sarasota to the Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus I be arranged on described Sarasota head upstream side swings target spot device b Emission Lasers, tests Sarasota top along the degree of tilt of bridge longitudinal direction and swing; By the Sarasota rocking test generating laser c of Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device II being arranged on downstream bottom Sarasota, Sarasota to the Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus II be arranged in the middle part of described Sarasota in downstream side swings target spot device c Emission Lasers, tests Sarasota top along the degree of tilt of bridge transverse direction and swing; By the Sarasota rocking test generating laser d of Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device II being arranged on downstream bottom Sarasota, Sarasota to the Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus II be arranged in the middle part of described Sarasota in downstream side swings target spot device d Emission Lasers, tests in the middle part of Sarasota along the degree of tilt of bridge longitudinal direction and swing.Because Sarasota rocking test generating laser a, Sarasota rocking test generating laser b, Sarasota rocking test generating laser c, the structure of Sarasota rocking test generating laser d, function are identical, so be Sarasota rocking test generating laser of the same race, and Sarasota swings target spot device a, Sarasota swings target spot device b, Sarasota swings target spot device c, the structure of Sarasota swing target spot device d, function are identical, so be also that Sarasota of the same race swings target spot device.During monitoring, the Sarasota rocking test laser transmitter projects be arranged on bottom Sarasota goes out relatively fixed laser, being irradiated to Sarasota swings on the optical fiber target spot device that target spot device is made up of hundreds of directional light seal wires, the light transmitting filament of this optical fiber target spot device on the corresponding light activated element in end, is transferred out the signal of sensing light conduction by this light activated element.Because of the swing of Sarasota, the laser spots that Sarasota rocking test laser transmitter projects goes out swings transverse reciprocating on the light transmitting filament of target spot device optical fiber target spot device at Sarasota and moves, record the distance that spaced furthest is irradiated to two light transmitting filaments of laser, just the Sarasota amplitude of oscillation in the direction in which can be monitored to obtain, and test out and swing interlude at every turn, just can monitor to obtain the frequency that swings in the direction in which of Sarasota.Because the center line that Sarasota swings target spot device a, Sarasota swings target spot device c is arranged on Sarasota by being parallel to bridge center line, namely the optical fiber target spot device light transmitting filament that Sarasota swings target spot device a, Sarasota swings target spot device c is parallel to the arrangement of bridge centerline direction, so Sarasota swings target spot device a, Sarasota swings target spot device c and can monitor the swing of Sarasota along bridge transverse direction; Again because Sarasota swing target spot device b, Sarasota swing the center line of target spot device d by being arranged on Sarasota perpendicular to bridge center line, namely the optical fiber target spot device light transmitting filament that Sarasota swings target spot device b, Sarasota swings target spot device d is perpendicular to the arrangement of bridge centerline direction, so Sarasota swings target spot device b, Sarasota swings target spot device d and can monitor the swing of Sarasota along bridge longitudinal direction.The vertical distance that Sarasota rocking test generating laser to Sarasota swings target spot device optical fiber target spot device is recorded, if this vertical distance is y with measurement equipment.Cable-stayed bridge is before changing rope, and the central point recording laser oscillating on optical fiber target spot device is initial point x
0.Cable-stayed bridge is changing in rope, and the central point recording laser oscillating on optical fiber target spot device is x
1.If cable-stayed bridge changes in rope changing Suo Qianyu, on optical fiber target spot device, the difference of the central point of two laser oscillatings is x, i.e. x=x
1-x
0.Then: recording Sarasota degree of tilt is in the direction in which θ, i.e. θ=arctgx/y.So, Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device I and Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus I can monitor the degree of tilt that Sarasota top is longitudinal along bridge, bridge is horizontal, and Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device II can monitor the degree of tilt longitudinal along bridge in the middle part of Sarasota, bridge is horizontal with Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus II.Meanwhile, swing target spot device a, Sarasota swing target spot device b at Sarasota, Sarasota swings target spot device c, Sarasota swings target spot device d inside and is provided with an auxiliary oscillation gauge separately, is mounted with a suspended wall plate in every oscillation gauge.Cantilever slab plate face Sarasota being swung the oscillation gauge in target spot device a, Sarasota swing target spot device c is vertical, and plate axis and bridge centerline parallel are arranged, and the cantilever slab plate face that Sarasota swings target spot device b, Sarasota swings the oscillation gauge in target spot device d is vertical, and plate axis and bridge central axis are arranged.Transversal section due to those cantilever slabs is rectangular thin plate, its thickness of slab size is more than wide little of plate, i.e. little more than plate width direction of the rigidity of cantilever slab in thickness of slab direction, so when Sarasota swings, plate axes normal can produce distortion in the cantilever slab of Sarasota swaying direction and swing under inertial force effect, the magnet piece of cantilever slab plate end, swing along with the swing of cantilever slab, switch and the magnetic line of force on the magneto sensor of magnet piece interval delta distance, the transducing signal that magneto sensor exports is with magnetic line of force Strength Changes size, the amplitude of oscillation of Sarasota is obtained by the size of magneto sensor output transducing signal.So the oscillation gauge that Sarasota swings target spot device a, Sarasota swings target spot device b, Sarasota swings target spot device c, Sarasota swings target spot device d can be checked, top, the middle part of monitoring Sarasota are longitudinal along bridge, the amplitude of bridge teeter and frequency.
The principle of work of described line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor monitoring girder displacement of the lines: line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor is installed on relatively unshift object, hang over the link of testee from the bracing wire of line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor pull-out, rely on the elastic force of the built-in disc spring retraction of line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor, bracing wire is tightened all the time.When testee is subjected to displacement, drive the bracing wire pull-out of line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor or retract, through the transmission of the inner gear train of line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor, switch the light on two photoelectric interrupters by modulation wheel, two photoelectric interrupters export corresponding transducing signal.If the displacement that testee produces is large, the number of times that modulation wheel rotates is just many, and modulation wheel switches two photoelectric interrupter glazed threads often, and namely the number of times of transducing signal output signal is just many.Present abutment, bridge pier, Sarasota install three line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensors separately, the bracing wire hook of three line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensors often located respectively along bridge longitudinally, bridge laterally, vertical three directions are hung on three hooks bottom girder, so line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor can monitor girder along bridge longitudinally, bridge laterally, the displacement of the lines in vertical three directions.
The principle of work of described photoelectric deflection tester of building element monitoring Main Girder Deflection: at relatively unshift abutment, bridge pier, the horizontal laser light standard of photoelectric deflection tester of building element is installed in downstream on Sarasota, several measuring point devices of photoelectric deflection tester of building element are equidistantly installed along bridge center line successively at the bottom plane of main girder of spanning, several generating lasers on described horizontal laser light standard, the reference laser of level is sent separately accordingly to described measuring point device, while gear train drive device for extracting light in described measuring point device vertically comes and goes and slides on slide rail, drive displacement transducer outputs signal, with " zero " point that originally device for extracting light acquisition primary standard laser is displacement, the amount of deflection that the displacement knots modification that during to test, device for extracting light obtains reference laser occurs for girder, so photoelectric deflection tester of building element can test out the amount of deflection of girder appointed part in spanning.
The principle of work of described communicating pipe member inclination sensor monitoring girder cross torsion degree: two level sensing devices of described communicating pipe member inclination sensor are arranged on the both sides of girder respectively, these two level sensing devices are communicated with communicating pipe at bottom plane of main girder, at two level sensing devices with fill water in communicating pipe, the height of adjustment two level sensing devices, when the hydraulic pressure force value exported by the water pressure sensor of two level sensing devices is equal, the monitoring of girder cross torsion degree can be carried out.When girder generation cross torsion is spent, in the piezometric tube of two level sensing devices, form water-head △ h, test out water pressure difference △ p by described water pressure sensor.Know according to " fluid mechanics ": it is long-pending that water pressure p equals the heavy γ and water level h of the water capacity, i.e. p=γ h, △ p=γ △ h or △ h=△ p/ γ, the distance that existing two level sensing devices are separated by is the width L of girder, then crosswise angle α=arctg △ h/L of girder, so communicating pipe member inclination sensor can test out the cross torsion degree of girder.
The principle of work of described arm-type angular displacement sensor: arm type photoelectric angular displacement sensor is fixed on the web of girder, is tight against the pulley being movably placed in armed lever one end on the top board of girder by disc spring elastic force.The angular displacement produced between the web and top board of girder, the main shaft of arm type photoelectric angular displacement sensor is driven by armed lever, through the transmission of the inner gear train of arm-type angular displacement sensor, the modulation wheel fast rotational of the minimum engaged wheel of gear set, switch the light on two photoelectric interrupters, two photoelectric interrupters export corresponding transducing signal, so arm-type angular displacement sensor can test out the angular displacement of main beam structure.
The principle of work that described three-dimensional oscillating Sensor monitoring girder swings: the base plate in girder is installed described three-dimensional oscillating sensor, and by the center line of this three-dimensional oscillating sensor and bridge centerline parallel, cantilever slab a, cantilever slab b, cantilever slab c is mounted with in described three-dimensional oscillating sensor, and the smallest cross-sectional moment of inertia centerline parallel of cantilever slab a is in bridge center line, the smallest cross-sectional moment of inertia central axis of cantilever slab b points to vertical direction in the smallest cross-sectional moment of inertia center line of bridge center line, cantilever slab c; The plate end of described cantilever slab a is mounted with magnet piece a, along cantilever slab a plate axis outer and and the position of magnet piece a interval △ be mounted with magneto sensor a; The plate end of described cantilever slab b is mounted with magnet piece b, along cantilever slab b plate axis outer and and the position of magnet piece b interval △ be mounted with magneto sensor b; The plate end of described cantilever slab c is mounted with magnet piece c, along cantilever slab c plate axis outer and and the position of magnet piece c interval △ be mounted with magneto sensor c.When girder is along bridge longitudinal oscillation, cantilever slab a can produce swing, and the magnet piece a of cantilever slab a plate end switches the magnetic line of force on magneto sensor a back and forth, and magneto sensor a exports and swings transducing signal accordingly; When girder is along bridge teeter, cantilever slab b can produce swing, and the magnet piece b of cantilever slab b plate end switches the magnetic line of force on magneto sensor b back and forth, and magneto sensor b exports the transducing signal of corresponding swing; When girder swings along vertical direction, cantilever slab c can produce swing, and the magnet piece c of cantilever slab c plate end switches the magnetic line of force on magneto sensor c back and forth, and magneto sensor c exports and swings transducing signal accordingly; When girder is along inclined bridge longitudinal oscillation, cantilever slab a, cantilever slab b all can produce swing, the magnet piece a of cantilever slab a plate end switches the magnetic line of force on magneto sensor a back and forth, the magnet piece b of cantilever slab b plate end switches the magnetic line of force on magneto sensor b back and forth, and cantilever slab a is larger than the amplitude of cantilever slab b switch in magnetic force line, magneto sensor a, magneto sensor b export separately and swing transducing signal accordingly.After the swing of girder disappears, those cantilever slabs recover former stationary state all gradually.By that analogy, described three-dimensional oscillating sensor can monitor girder upper amplitude, the frequency swung in any direction.
The principle of work of described foil gauge monitoring main beam structure stress: paste foil gauge on described main beam structure, when deforming after main beam stress, those foil gauges also deform immediately and change its resistance value, then go out its strain value by strain-gauge test.Structured material elastic modulus E is equaled and strain stress is long-pending, i.e. σ=E ε, through the stress drawing girder that converts, so foil gauge can monitor the stress of main beam structure according to the stress σ of " hooke theorem ".
The principle of work of described vibro-pickup monitoring girder kinematic behavior: equidistantly settle several vibro-pickups at the upper parallel bridge center line of the end face (bridge floor) of described girder, the amplitude of girder every vibro-pickup position, vibration frequency is tested out by vibration pick-up, the vibration shape, natural frequency etc. of described girder is drawn, so vibro-pickup can monitor the kinematic behavior of girder by analysis with process.
The principle of work of described frequency sensor monitoring drag-line pulling force: Mounting frequency sensor on described drag-line, tensile force f suffered by drag-line and the relation of vibration frequency P, namely the size of Cable forces F is directly proportional to vibration frequency P, the frequency of described drag-line is tested out by frequency sensor, through the pulling force drawn suffered by drag-line that converts, so frequency sensor can monitor the pulling force of described drag-line.
The principle of work of cable tension power, elongation is monitored: described double control-type prestress tensioning equipment is mounted with hydraulic oil pressure force snesor and hydraulic cylinder type elongation sensor on the oil circuit of hydraulic power unit when described double control-type prestress tensioning equipment changes drag-line, the stretching force of lifting jack when going out to change drag-line by hydraulic fluid pressure sensor test, the drilling depth amount of jack piston rod when going out to change drag-line by hydraulic cylinder type elongation sensor test, the drilling depth amount of this jack piston rod is equal to the elongation of drag-line.Described hydraulic cylinder type elongation sensor left chamber high pressure liquid force feed is flowed to by hydraulic pump, piston in hydraulic cylinder type elongation sensor cylinder body is promoted to the right, hydraulic oil in the right chamber of hydraulic cylinder type elongation sensor is flowed to the stretch-draw work that lifting jack carries out drag-line.While piston moves right, measured the displacement of piston by the piston displacement sensor in hydraulic cylinder type elongation sensor cylinder body.According to jack piston rod drilling depth amount and hydraulic cylinder type elongation sensor cylinder body to the relation of oil mass, through the conversion of hydraulic cylinder type elongation sensor output hydraulic pressure oil volume with input jack hydraulic oil volume, draw the drilling depth amount (drag-line elongation) of jack piston rod.If the internal diameter of hydraulic cylinder type elongation sensor cylinder body is D
1, the displacement being measured described cylinder body inner carrier by piston displacement sensor is L
1, what namely hydraulic cylinder type elongation sensor flowed to lifting jack is V to oil mass
1=π D
1 2l
1/ 4.Set again the internal diameter of jack hydraulic cylinder as D
2, the drilling depth amount of jack piston rod is L
2, namely the oil inlet quantity of jack hydraulic cylinder is V
2=π D
2 2l
2/ 4.According to hydromechanical continuity equation, namely within communicating pipe, the inlet flow scale of construction must be equal to the output stream scale of construction, so hydraulic cylinder type elongation sensor equals lifting jack oil inlet quantity to oil mass, i.e. and V
1=V
2, then: π D
1 2l
1/ 4=π D
2 2l
2/ 4, the elongation of drag-line is L
2=D
1 2l
1/ D
2 2.So double control-type prestress tensioning equipment can monitor cable tension power, elongation when changing drag-line.
Compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in: the instrument and equipment of a kind of cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering monitoring that the present invention proposes and method, its energy system, continuously, in real time to the bridge floor position of center line of described cable-stayed bridge, floor elevation, abutment absolute altitude is monitored, to the degree of tilt of described Sarasota, swing is monitored, to the displacement of the lines of described girder, amount of deflection, cross torsion, angular displacement, swing, stress, kinematic behavior is monitored, to the pulling force of described drag-line, stretching force, elongation is monitored, the stress of described bridge pier is monitored, for the construction of cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering provides technical guarantee.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the monitoring schematic diagram of cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering full-bridge forward sight of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the monitoring schematic diagram that cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering full-bridge of the present invention is overlooked.
Fig. 3 is the monitoring schematic diagram looked on the right side of cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering Sarasota of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the monitoring schematic diagram of cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering Sarasota forward sight of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the monitoring schematic diagram of cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering Sarasota backsight of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the monitoring schematic diagram looked on the right side of cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering Abutment girder of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the monitoring schematic diagram of cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering bridge end bay girder forward sight of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the monitoring schematic diagram that cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering bridge end bay girder of the present invention is looked up.
Fig. 9 is the monitoring schematic diagram looked on the right side of cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering bridge pier place of the present invention girder.
Figure 10 is the monitoring schematic diagram across girder forward sight in cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering bridge of the present invention time.
Figure 11 is the monitoring schematic diagram looked up across girder in cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering bridge of the present invention time.
Figure 12 is the monitoring schematic diagram looked on the right side of cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering Sarasota place of the present invention girder.
Figure 13 is the monitoring schematic diagram across girder forward sight in cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering bridge of the present invention half.
Figure 14 is the monitoring schematic diagram looked up across girder in cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering bridge of the present invention half.
Number in the figure: 1 cable-stayed bridge, Bridge 2 platform, 3 bridge piers, 4 Sarasotas, 5 girders, 6 drag-lines, 7 river courses, 8 Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting devices I, 9 Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting devices II, 10 Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus I, 11 Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus II, 12 wind speed and wind aweather frequency recorder, 13 line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor a, 14 line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor b, 15 line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor c, 16 line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor d, 17 line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor e, 18 line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor f, 19 line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor g, 20 line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor h, 21 line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor i, 22 horizontal laser light standard a, 23 horizontal laser light standard b, 24 horizontal laser light standard c, 25 measuring point device a, 26 measuring point device b, 27 measuring point device c, 28 measuring point device d, 29 measuring point device e, 30 measuring point device f, 31 measuring point device g, 32 measuring point device h, 33 measuring point device i, 34 measuring point device j, 35 level sensing device a, 36 level sensing device b, 37 level sensing device c, 38 level sensing device d, 39 level sensing device e, 40 level sensing device f, 41 communicating pipes, 42 arm-type angular displacement sensors, 43 three-dimensional oscillating sensor a, 44 three-dimensional oscillating sensor c, 45 three-dimensional oscillating sensor e, 46 foil gauges, 47 vibro-pickups, 48 frequency sensors.
Embodiment
See Fig. 1 ~ Figure 14, be the instrument and equipment of a kind of cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering monitoring of the present invention, include the abutment 2 to cable-stayed bridge 1, bridge pier 3, Sarasota 4, girder 5, the monitoring of drag-line 6, is characterized in that: the abutment 2 of described cable-stayed bridge 1, bridge pier 3, Sarasota 4, girder 5, drag-line 6, adopts transit, spirit-leveling instrument, Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device I 8, Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device II 9, Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus I 10, Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus II 11, wind speed and wind is frequency recorder 12 aweather, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor a13, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor b14, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor c15, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor d16, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor e17, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor f18, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor g19, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor h20, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor i21, the horizontal laser light standard a22 of photoelectric deflection tester of building element a, measuring point device a25, measuring point device b26, measuring point device c27, the horizontal laser light standard b23 of photoelectric deflection tester of building element b, measuring point device d28, measuring point device e29, measuring point device f30, the horizontal laser light standard c24 of photoelectric deflection tester of building element c, measuring point device g31, measuring point device h32, measuring point device i33, measuring point device j34, the level sensing device a35 of communicating pipe member inclination sensor a and communicating pipe 41, the level sensing device b36 of communicating pipe member inclination sensor b and communicating pipe 41, the level sensing device c37 of communicating pipe member inclination sensor c and communicating pipe 41, the level sensing device d38 of communicating pipe member inclination sensor d and communicating pipe 41, the level sensing device e39 of communicating pipe member inclination sensor e and communicating pipe 41, the level sensing device f40 of communicating pipe member inclination sensor f and communicating pipe 41, arm-type angular displacement sensor 42, three-dimensional oscillating sensor a43, three-dimensional oscillating sensor b, three-dimensional oscillating sensor c44, three-dimensional oscillating sensor d, three-dimensional oscillating sensor e45, three-dimensional oscillating sensor f, foil gauge 46, vibro-pickup 47, the instrument and equipment of frequency sensor 48 is monitored.Described cable-stayed bridge 1 quotes measurement net and the leveling point of the earth, monitors its bridge floor center line, floor elevation, abutment 2 absolute altitude.Monitoring instrument equipment on the abutment 2 of the left half-bridge of described cable-stayed bridge 1 and right half-bridge, bridge pier 3, Sarasota 4, girder 5, drag-line 6, and the installation site of those instrument and equipments is all identical.
Upstream side bottom described Sarasota 4 is provided with Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device I 8, the upstream side at described Sarasota 4 top is provided with Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus I 10, downstream bottom described Sarasota 4 is provided with Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device II 9, the downstream side in the middle part of described Sarasota 4 is provided with Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus II 11.Described Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device I 8 aims at Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus I 10 Emission Lasers, monitors described Sarasota 4 top is longitudinal along bridge, bridge is horizontal degree of tilt and swing; Described Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device II 9 aims at Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus II 11 Emission Lasers, monitors the degree of tilt longitudinal along bridge in the middle part of described Sarasota 4, bridge is horizontal and swing.In addition, the observation station of cable-stayed bridge 1 described in two sides, adopts transit to check the degree of tilt of the described Sarasota 4 of monitoring.Wind speed and wind aweather frequency recorder 12 is installed at the top of described Sarasota 4, monitors the wind speed suffered by described cable-stayed bridge 1, wind direction, wind frequency.
The platform cap of described abutment 2 is provided with line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor a13, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor b14, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor c15, the bracing wire hook of described line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor a13, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor b14, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor c15, be hung on three links of girder 5 bottom surface, described abutment 2 place, monitor successively described girder 5 at this place along bridge longitudinally, bridge laterally, the displacement of the lines in vertical three directions; The pier shaft of described bridge pier 3 is provided with line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor d16, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor e17, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor f18, the bracing wire hook of described line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor d16, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor e17, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor f18, be hung on three links of girder 5 bottom surface, described bridge pier 3 place, monitor successively described girder 5 at this place along bridge longitudinally, bridge laterally, the displacement of the lines in vertical three directions; The tower body of described Sarasota 4 is provided with line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor g19, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor h20, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor i21, the bracing wire hook of described line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor g19, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor h20, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor i21, be hung on three links of girder 5 bottom surface, described Sarasota 4 place, monitor successively described girder 5 at this place along bridge longitudinally, bridge laterally, the displacement of the lines in vertical three directions.The horizontal laser light standard a22 of photoelectric deflection tester of building element a is installed in the downstream of described abutment 2 abutment body, in described girder 5 bottom surface along 1/4 end bay of bridge center line, 1/2 end bay, 3/4 end bay place, the measuring point device a25 of described photoelectric deflection tester of building element a, measuring point device b26, measuring point device c27 are installed successively, three generating lasers of described horizontal laser light standard a22, aim at described measuring point device a25, measuring point device b26 respectively, laser that measuring point device c27 sends level, monitor the amount of deflection of described cable-stayed bridge 1 end bay girder 5, the horizontal laser light standard b23 of photoelectric deflection tester of building element b is installed in the downstream of described bridge pier 3 pier shaft, in described girder 5 bottom surface along in 1/4 time of bridge center line across, in 1/2 time across, in 3/4 time across place, the measuring point device d28 of described photoelectric deflection tester of building element b, measuring point device e29, measuring point device f30 are installed successively, three generating lasers of described horizontal laser light standard b23, aim at described measuring point device d28, measuring point device e29 respectively, laser that measuring point device f30 sends level, monitor the amount of deflection across girder 5 in described cable-stayed bridge 1 time, the horizontal laser light standard c24 of photoelectric deflection tester of building element c is installed in the downstream of described Sarasota 4 tower body, in described girder 5 bottom surface along in 1/8 of bridge center line across, in 1/4 across, in 3/8 across, across place in 1/2, the measuring point device g31 of described photoelectric deflection tester of building element c is installed successively, measuring point device h32, measuring point device i33, measuring point device j34, four generating lasers of described horizontal laser light standard c24, aim at described measuring point device g31 respectively, measuring point device h32, measuring point device i33, measuring point device j34 sends the laser of level, monitor the amount of deflection across girder 5 in described cable-stayed bridge 1 half.Described in abutment 2 place, the bottom of girder 5 is provided with communicating pipe member inclination sensor a, two level sensing device a35 of described communicating pipe member inclination sensor a, be arranged on two sides of described girder 5 respectively, girder 5 bottom surface described in abutment 2 place there is communicating pipe 41, level sensing device a35 described in two is communicated with by this communicating pipe 41, two described level sensing device a35 and fill water in communicating pipe 41, the cross torsion degree of girder 5 described in monitoring abutment 2 place; Described in bridge end bay span centre place, the bottom of girder 5 is provided with communicating pipe member inclination sensor b, two level sensing device b36 of described communicating pipe member inclination sensor b, be arranged on two sides of described girder 5 respectively, girder 5 bottom surface described in bridge end bay span centre place there is communicating pipe 41, level sensing device b36 described in two is communicated with by this communicating pipe 41, two described level sensing device b36 and fill water in communicating pipe 41, the cross torsion degree of girder 5 described in monitoring bridge end bay span centre place; Described in bridge pier 3 place, the bottom of girder 5 is provided with communicating pipe member inclination sensor c, two level sensing device c37 of described communicating pipe member inclination sensor c, be arranged on two sides of described girder 5 respectively, girder 5 bottom surface described in bridge pier 3 place there is communicating pipe 41, level sensing device c37 described in two is communicated with by this communicating pipe 41, two described level sensing device c37 and fill water in communicating pipe 41, the cross torsion degree of girder 5 described in monitoring bridge pier 3 place; In bridge is secondary, across the bottom of girder 5 described in span centre place, communicating pipe member inclination sensor d is installed, two level sensing device d38 of described communicating pipe member inclination sensor d, be arranged on two sides of described girder 5 respectively, communicating pipe 41 is had across on girder 5 bottom surface described in span centre place in bridge is secondary, level sensing device d38 described in two is communicated with by this communicating pipe 41, two described level sensing device d38 and fill water in communicating pipe 41, across the cross torsion degree of girder 5 described in span centre place in monitoring bridge time; Described in Sarasota 4 place, the bottom of girder 5 is provided with communicating pipe member inclination sensor e, two level sensing device e39 of described communicating pipe member inclination sensor e, be arranged on two sides of described girder 5 respectively, girder 5 bottom surface described in Sarasota 4 place there is communicating pipe 41, level sensing device e39 described in two is communicated with by this communicating pipe 41, two described level sensing device e39 and fill water in communicating pipe 41, the cross torsion degree of girder 5 described in monitoring Sarasota 4 place; In bridge, across the bottom of girder 5 described in span centre place, communicating pipe member inclination sensor f is installed, two level sensing device f40 of described communicating pipe member inclination sensor f, be arranged on two sides of described girder 5 respectively, communicating pipe 41 is had across on girder 5 bottom surface described in span centre place in bridge, level sensing device f40 described in two is communicated with by this communicating pipe 41, two described level sensing device f40 and fill water in communicating pipe 41, across the cross torsion degree of girder 5 described in span centre place in monitoring bridge.The abutment 2 of described cable-stayed bridge 1, end bay span centre, bridge pier 3, secondary in across span centre, Sarasota 4, in have two arm-type angular displacement sensors 42 across in span centre place girder 5 cross-sectional configuration, these two described arm-type angular displacement sensors 42 are placed on the web of both sides, described girder 5 transversal section respectively, the roller of described arm-type angular displacement sensor 42 is resisted against the top board of described girder 5 transversal section, monitors the angular displacement of described girder 5 cross-sectional configuration.Base plate in girder 5 described in abutment 2 place is provided with three-dimensional oscillating sensor a43, the center line of described three-dimensional oscillating sensor a43 and bridge centerline parallel, girder 5 described in monitoring abutment 3 place is along amplitude, frequency that bridge longitudinal direction, bridge transverse direction, vertical three directions swing; Base plate in girder 5 described in bridge end bay span centre place is provided with three-dimensional oscillating sensor b, the center line of described three-dimensional oscillating sensor b and bridge centerline parallel, girder 5 described in monitoring bridge end bay span centre place is along amplitude, frequency that bridge longitudinal direction, bridge transverse direction, vertical three directions swing; Base plate in girder 5 described in bridge pier 3 place is provided with three-dimensional oscillating sensor c44, the center line of described three-dimensional oscillating sensor c44 and bridge centerline parallel, girder 5 described in monitoring bridge pier 3 place is along amplitude, frequency that bridge longitudinal direction, bridge transverse direction, vertical three directions swing; In bridge is secondary, across on the base plate in girder 5 described in span centre place, three-dimensional oscillating sensor d is installed, the center line of described three-dimensional oscillating sensor d and bridge centerline parallel, in monitoring bridge time across girder 5 described in span centre place along bridge longitudinally, bridge laterally, amplitude, frequency that vertical three directions swing; Base plate in girder 5 described in Sarasota 4 place is provided with three-dimensional oscillating sensor e45, the center line of described three-dimensional oscillating sensor e45 and bridge centerline parallel, girder 5 described in monitoring Sarasota 4 place is along amplitude, frequency that bridge longitudinal direction, bridge transverse direction, vertical three directions swing; In bridge, across on the base plate in girder 5 described in span centre place, three-dimensional oscillating sensor f is installed, the center line of described three-dimensional oscillating sensor f and bridge centerline parallel, in monitoring bridge across girder 5 described in span centre place along bridge longitudinally, bridge laterally, amplitude, frequency that vertical three directions swing.In abutment 2,1/4 end bay, 1/2 end bay, 3/4 end bay, bridge pier 3,1/4 time across, in 1/2 time across, in 3/4 time across in, Sarasota 4,1/8 across, in 1/4 across, in 3/8 across on, upper and lower edge across the described girder 5 in place in 1/2, foil gauge 46 is pasted with along bridge center line, the strain of main beam structure is gone out by strain-gauge test, again by converting, monitor the stress of described girder 5 structure.On the bridge floor of described cable-stayed bridge 1, parallel bridge center line is equidistantly mounted with several vibro-pickups 47, adopts vibration pick-up to test out the natural frequency, the vibration shape etc. of girder 5, monitors the kinematic behavior of described girder 5.
The described drag-line 6 that design is specified is provided with frequency sensor 48, often changes the forward and backward of a drag-line 6, and change the pulling force of monitoring drag-line 6 described in those in rope process.Adopt the double control-type prestress tensioning equipment being built-in with pressure transducer and hydraulic cylinder type elongation sensor, when the new drag-line 6 that jack tension is changed, monitored stretching force, the elongation of described drag-line 6 by this double control-type prestress tensioning equipment.On described bridge pier 3 pier shaft, vertically axis direction is pasted with foil gauge 46, is gone out the strain of bridge pier 3 structure by strain-gauge test, then by converting, monitors the stress of described bridge pier 3.
A method for cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering monitoring, carry out according to the following steps successively:
(1) make the monitoring scheme of cable-stayed bridge 1 cable replacement engineering, do the preliminary work of cable-stayed bridge 1 cable replacement engineering monitoring;
(2) by the scheme of cable-stayed bridge 1 cable replacement engineering monitoring, the abutment 2 of cable-stayed bridge 1, bridge pier 3, Sarasota 4, girder 5, drag-line 6 install monitoring instrument equipment;
(3) all monitoring instrument equipment is debugged, and drafts out the monitoring prediction scheme that emergency condition occurs when cable-stayed bridge 1 changes rope;
(4) stage before rope is changed, when blocking traffic and shut-down, periodically operation monitoring instrument and equipment, to center line, floor elevation, abutment 2 end face absolute altitude, Sarasota 4 degree of tilt of the bridge floor of cable-stayed bridge 1 and swing, girder 5 displacement of the lines, girder 5 amount of deflection, girder 5 cross torsion degree, the displacement of girder 5 structure angle, girder 5 swing, girder 5 structural stress, girder 5 kinematic behavior, drag-line 6 pulling force, bridge pier 3 structural stress are monitored;
(5) change in the rope stage, when blocking traffic, operation monitoring instrument and equipment in real time, to Sarasota 4 degree of tilt of cable-stayed bridge 1 and swing, girder 5 displacement of the lines, girder 5 amount of deflection, girder 5 cross torsion degree, the displacement of girder 5 structure angle, girder 5 swing, drag-line 6 pulling force, drag-line 6 stretch-draw time stretching force and elongation monitor; And periodically operation monitoring instrument and equipment, the center line of the bridge floor of cable-stayed bridge 1, floor elevation, abutment 2 end face absolute altitude, girder 5 structural stress, bridge pier 3 structural stress are monitored;
(6) stage after rope is changed, when blocking traffic and shut-down, periodically operation monitoring instrument and equipment, to center line, floor elevation, abutment 2 end face absolute altitude, Sarasota 4 degree of tilt of the bridge floor of cable-stayed bridge 1 and swing, girder 5 displacement of the lines, girder 5 amount of deflection, girder 5 cross torsion degree, the displacement of girder 5 structure angle, girder 5 swing, girder 5 structural stress, girder 5 kinematic behavior, drag-line 6 pulling force, bridge pier 3 structural stress are monitored;
(7) submit Surveillance to, complete the work of cable-stayed bridge 1 cable replacement engineering monitoring.
Cable-stayed bridge 1 is a kind of bridge of large span, and the bridge between its abutment 2 and bridge pier 3 is end bay, the bridge between bridge pier 3 and Sarasota 4 in being time across, the bridge between two Sarasotas 4 be in across; The effect of abutment 2 is ends of supporting main beam 5, and installs expansion joint; The effect of bridge pier 3 is at river course intermediate support girder 5; Drag-line 6 is hung in the effect of Sarasota 4, and bears the load of girder 5; The effect of girder 5 is bridge span structures, and hangs drag-line 6; The effect of drag-line 6 bears and transmits girder 5 load to Sarasota 4; River course 7 was passages of water; The effect of Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device I 8 is the laser to Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus I 10 launch monitor; The effect of Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device II 9 is the laser to Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus II 11 launch monitor; The effect of Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus I 10 be sensing Sarasota 4 top along bridge longitudinally, the horizontal inclination of bridge, swinging signal; The effect of Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus II 11 be in the middle part of sensing Sarasota 4 along bridge longitudinally, the horizontal inclination of bridge, swinging signal; The effect of wind speed and wind aweather frequency recorder 12 is wind speed, wind direction, the wind frequency at monitoring cable-stayed bridge 1 place; The effect of line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor a13 is in the displacement of the lines of monitoring girder 5 in abutment 2 place along bridge longitudinal direction; The effect of line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor b14 is in the displacement of the lines of monitoring girder 5 in abutment 2 place along bridge transverse direction; The effect of line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor c15 is in the displacement of the lines of monitoring girder 5 in abutment 2 place along vertical direction; The effect of line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor d16 is in the displacement of the lines of monitoring girder 5 in bridge pier 3 place along bridge longitudinal direction; The effect of line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor e17 is in the displacement of the lines of monitoring girder 5 in bridge pier 3 place along bridge transverse direction; The effect of line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor f18 is in the displacement of the lines of monitoring girder 5 in bridge pier 3 place along vertical direction; The effect of line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor g19 is in the displacement of the lines of monitoring girder 5 in Sarasota 4 place along bridge longitudinal direction; The effect of line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor h20 is in the displacement of the lines of monitoring girder 5 in Sarasota 4 place along bridge transverse direction; The effect of line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor i21 is in the displacement of the lines of monitoring girder 5 in Sarasota 4 place along vertical direction; Horizontal laser light standard a22 is photoelectric deflection tester of building element a parts, its effect is respectively to measuring point device a25, the measuring point device b26 of photoelectric deflection tester of building element a, measuring point device c27 emission level reference laser, to monitor the amount of deflection of girder 5 end bay; Horizontal laser light standard b23 is photoelectric deflection tester of building element b parts, its effect is respectively to measuring point device d28, the measuring point device e29 of photoelectric deflection tester of building element b, measuring point device f30 emission level reference laser, with monitor in girder 5 times across amount of deflection; Horizontal laser light standard c24 is photoelectric deflection tester of building element c parts, its effect is respectively to measuring point device g31, the measuring point device h32 of photoelectric deflection tester of building element c, measuring point device i33, measuring point device j34 emission level reference laser, with monitor in girder 5 across amount of deflection; The effect of measuring point device a25 receives horizontal laser light standard a22 to send horizontal reference laser, tests out the deflection value of girder 5 at 1/4 end bay place; The effect of measuring point device b26 receives horizontal laser light standard a22 to send horizontal reference laser, tests out the deflection value of girder 5 at 1/2 end bay place; The effect of measuring point device c27 receives horizontal laser light standard a22 to send horizontal reference laser, tests out the deflection value of girder 5 at 3/4 end bay place; The effect of measuring point device d28 receives horizontal laser light standard b23 to send horizontal reference laser, tests out girder 5 deflection value across place in 1/4 time; The effect of measuring point device e29 receives horizontal laser light standard b23 to send horizontal reference laser, tests out girder 5 deflection value across place in 1/2 time; The effect of measuring point device f30 receives horizontal laser light standard b23 to send horizontal reference laser, tests out girder deflection value across place in 3/4 time; The effect of measuring point device g31 receives horizontal laser light standard c24 to send horizontal reference laser, tests out girder 5 deflection value across place in 1/8; The effect of measuring point device h32 receives horizontal laser light standard c24 to send horizontal reference laser, tests out girder 5 deflection value across place in 1/4; The effect of measuring point device i33 receives horizontal laser light standard c24 to send horizontal reference laser, tests out girder 5 deflection value across place in 3/8; The effect of measuring point device j34 receives horizontal laser light standard c24 to send horizontal reference laser, tests out girder 5 deflection value across place in 1/2; Level sensing device a35 is the parts of communicating pipe member inclination sensor a, and its effect is the water-head testing out girder 5 both sides, abutment 2 place, to monitor the cross torsion degree of this place's girder 5; Level sensing device b36 is the parts of communicating pipe member inclination sensor a, and its effect is the water-head testing out girder 5 both sides, bridge end bay span centre place, to monitor the cross torsion degree of this place's girder 5; Level sensing device c37 is the parts of communicating pipe member inclination sensor c, and its effect is the water-head testing out girder 5 both sides, bridge pier 3 place, to monitor the cross torsion degree of this place's girder 5; Level sensing device d38 is the parts of communicating pipe member inclination sensor d, and its effect tests out the water-head across girder 5 both sides, span centre place in bridge time, to monitor the cross torsion degree of this place's girder 5; Level sensing device e39 is the parts of communicating pipe member inclination sensor e, and its effect is the water-head testing out girder 5 both sides, Sarasota 4 place, to monitor the cross torsion degree of this place's girder 5; Level sensing device f40 is the parts of communicating pipe member inclination sensor f, and its effect tests out the water-head across girder 5 both sides, span centre place in bridge, to monitor the cross torsion degree of this place's girder 5; The effect of communicating pipe 41 is communicated with by the water in two of communicating pipe member inclination sensor level sensing devices; The effect of arm-type angular displacement sensor 42 is angular deflections of monitoring girder 5 structure; The effect of three-dimensional oscillating sensor a43 is that monitoring abutment 2 place girder 5 is along the Oscillation Amplitude on bridge longitudinal direction, bridge transverse direction, vertical three directions and frequency; The effect of three-dimensional oscillating sensor b is that monitoring bridge end bay span centre place girder 5 is along the Oscillation Amplitude on bridge longitudinal direction, bridge transverse direction, vertical three directions and frequency; The effect of three-dimensional oscillating sensor c44 is that monitoring bridge pier 3 place girder 5 is along the Oscillation Amplitude on bridge longitudinal direction, bridge transverse direction, vertical three directions and frequency; The effect of three-dimensional oscillating sensor d be in monitoring time across span centre place girder 5 along bridge longitudinally, the Oscillation Amplitude of bridge laterally, on vertical three directions and frequency; The effect of three-dimensional oscillating sensor e45 is that monitoring Sarasota 4 place girder 5 is along the Oscillation Amplitude on bridge longitudinal direction, bridge transverse direction, vertical three directions and frequency; The effect of three-dimensional oscillating sensor f be in monitoring spanning span centre place girder 5 along bridge longitudinally, the Oscillation Amplitude of bridge laterally, on vertical three directions and frequency; The effect of foil gauge 46 is the stress of monitoring girder, bridge pier structure; The effect of vibro-pickup 47 is the vibration shape, the amplitude of monitoring girder 5, kinematic behavior frequently of shaking; The effect of frequency sensor 48 is vibration frequencies of monitoring drag-line 6, by drawing the pulling force suffered by drag-line 6 after conversion; The effect of double control-type prestress tensioning equipment is monitoring cable tension power, elongation when changing drag-line.
Claims (2)
1. an instrument and equipment for cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering monitoring, is characterized in that: the abutment including described cable-stayed bridge, bridge pier, Sarasota, girder, drag-line, adopts transit, spirit-leveling instrument, Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device I, Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device II, Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus I, Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus II, wind speed and wind is frequency recorder aweather, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor a, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor b, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor c, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor d, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor e, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor f, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor g, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor h, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor i, the horizontal laser light standard a of photoelectric deflection tester of building element a, measuring point device a, measuring point device b, measuring point device c, the horizontal laser light standard b of photoelectric deflection tester of building element b, measuring point device d, measuring point device e, measuring point device f, the horizontal laser light standard c of photoelectric deflection tester of building element c, measuring point device g, measuring point device h, measuring point device i, measuring point device j, the level sensing device a of communicating pipe member inclination sensor a and communicating pipe, the level sensing device b of communicating pipe member inclination sensor b and communicating pipe, the level sensing device c of communicating pipe member inclination sensor c and communicating pipe, the level sensing device d of communicating pipe member inclination sensor d and communicating pipe, the level sensing device e of communicating pipe member inclination sensor e and communicating pipe, the level sensing device f of communicating pipe member inclination sensor f and communicating pipe, arm-type angular displacement sensor, three-dimensional oscillating sensor a, three-dimensional oscillating sensor b, three-dimensional oscillating sensor c, three-dimensional oscillating sensor d, three-dimensional oscillating sensor e, three-dimensional oscillating sensor f, foil gauge, vibro-pickup, the instrument and equipment of frequency sensor is monitored, and described cable-stayed bridge quotes measurement net and the leveling point of the earth, to its bridge floor center line, floor elevation, abutment absolute altitude is monitored, at the abutment of the left half-bridge of described cable-stayed bridge and right half-bridge, bridge pier, Sarasota, girder, monitoring instrument equipment on drag-line, and the installation site of those instrument and equipments is all identical, upstream side bottom described Sarasota is provided with Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device I, the upstream side at described Sarasota top is provided with Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus I, downstream bottom described Sarasota is provided with Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device II, downstream side in the middle part of described Sarasota is provided with Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus II, described Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device I aims at Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus I Emission Lasers, monitors described Sarasota top is longitudinal along bridge, bridge is horizontal degree of tilt and swing, described Sarasota rocking test laser beam emitting device II aims at Sarasota bobbing target point apparatus II Emission Lasers, monitor the degree of tilt longitudinal along bridge in the middle part of described Sarasota, bridge is horizontal and swing, in addition, the observation station of cable-stayed bridge described in two sides, transit is adopted to check the degree of tilt of the described Sarasota of monitoring, wind speed and wind aweather frequency recorder is installed at the top of described Sarasota, monitors the wind speed suffered by described cable-stayed bridge, wind direction, wind frequency, the platform cap of described abutment is provided with line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor a, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor b, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor c, the bracing wire hook of described line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor a, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor b, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor c, be hung on three links of described Abutment bottom plane of main girder, monitor successively described girder at this place along bridge longitudinally, bridge laterally, the displacement of the lines in vertical three directions, the pier shaft of described bridge pier is provided with line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor d, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor e, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor f, the bracing wire hook of described line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor d, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor e, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor f, be hung on three links of described bridge pier place bottom plane of main girder, monitor successively described girder at this place along bridge longitudinally, bridge laterally, the displacement of the lines in vertical three directions, the tower body of described Sarasota is provided with line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor g, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor h, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor i, described line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor g, line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor h, the bracing wire hook of line-stretching photoelectric displacement sensor i, be hung on three links of described Sarasota place bottom plane of main girder, monitor described girder successively at this place along bridge longitudinally, bridge laterally, the displacement of the lines in vertical three directions, the horizontal laser light standard a of photoelectric deflection tester of building element a is installed in the downstream of described abutment abutment body, at 1/4 end bay of described bottom plane of main girder along bridge center line, 1/2 end bay, 3/4 end bay place, the measuring point device a of described photoelectric deflection tester of building element a is installed successively, measuring point device b, measuring point device c, three generating lasers of described horizontal laser light standard a, aim at described measuring point device a respectively, measuring point device b, measuring point device c sends the laser of level, monitor the amount of deflection of described cable-stayed bridge end bay girder, the horizontal laser light standard b of photoelectric deflection tester of building element b is installed in the downstream of described bridge pier pier shaft, in described bottom plane of main girder 1/4 time along bridge center line across, in 1/2 time across, in 3/4 time across place, the measuring point device d of described photoelectric deflection tester of building element b, measuring point device e, measuring point device f are installed successively, three generating lasers of described horizontal laser light standard b, aim at described measuring point device d, measuring point device e respectively, laser that measuring point device f sends level, monitor the amount of deflection across girder in described cable-stayed bridge time, the horizontal laser light standard c of photoelectric deflection tester of building element c is installed in the downstream of described Sarasota tower body, described bottom plane of main girder along in 1/8 of bridge center line across, in 1/4 across, in 3/8 across, across place in 1/2, the measuring point device g of described photoelectric deflection tester of building element c is installed successively, measuring point device h, measuring point device i, measuring point device j, four generating lasers of described horizontal laser light standard c, aim at described measuring point device g respectively, measuring point device h, measuring point device i, measuring point device j sends the laser of level, monitor the amount of deflection across girder in described cable-stayed bridge half, described in Abutment, the bottom of girder is provided with communicating pipe member inclination sensor a, two level sensing device a of described communicating pipe member inclination sensor a, be arranged on two sides of described girder respectively, bottom plane of main girder described in Abutment there is communicating pipe, level sensing device a described in two is communicated with by this communicating pipe, two described level sensing device a and fill water in communicating pipe, the cross torsion degree of girder described in monitoring Abutment, described in bridge end bay span centre place, the bottom of girder is provided with communicating pipe member inclination sensor b, two level sensing device b of described communicating pipe member inclination sensor b, be arranged on two sides of described girder respectively, bottom plane of main girder described in bridge end bay span centre place there is communicating pipe, level sensing device b described in two is communicated with by this communicating pipe, two described level sensing device b and fill water in communicating pipe, the cross torsion degree of girder described in monitoring bridge end bay span centre place, described in bridge pier place, the bottom of girder is provided with communicating pipe member inclination sensor c, two level sensing device c of described communicating pipe member inclination sensor c, be arranged on two sides of described girder respectively, bottom plane of main girder described in bridge pier place there is communicating pipe, level sensing device c described in two is communicated with by this communicating pipe, two described level sensing device c and fill water in communicating pipe, the cross torsion degree of girder described in monitoring bridge pier place, in bridge is secondary, across the bottom of girder described in span centre place, communicating pipe member inclination sensor d is installed, two level sensing device d of described communicating pipe member inclination sensor d, be arranged on two sides of described girder respectively, communicating pipe is had across on bottom plane of main girder described in span centre place in bridge is secondary, level sensing device d described in two is communicated with by this communicating pipe, two described level sensing device d and fill water in communicating pipe, across the cross torsion degree of girder described in span centre place in monitoring bridge time, described in Sarasota place, the bottom of girder is provided with communicating pipe member inclination sensor e, two level sensing device e of described communicating pipe member inclination sensor e, be arranged on two sides of described girder respectively, bottom plane of main girder described in Sarasota place there is communicating pipe, level sensing device e described in two is communicated with by this communicating pipe, two described level sensing device e and fill water in communicating pipe, the cross torsion degree of girder described in monitoring Sarasota place, in bridge, across the bottom of girder described in span centre place, communicating pipe member inclination sensor f is installed, two level sensing device f of described communicating pipe member inclination sensor f, be arranged on two sides of described girder respectively, communicating pipe is had across on bottom plane of main girder described in span centre place in bridge, level sensing device f described in two is communicated with by this communicating pipe, two described level sensing device f and fill water in communicating pipe, across the cross torsion degree of girder described in span centre place in monitoring bridge, at the abutment of described cable-stayed bridge, end bay span centre, bridge pier, across span centre in secondary, Sarasota, in have two arm-type angular displacement sensors across in span centre place girder cross-sectional configuration, these two described arm-type angular displacement sensors are placed on the web of both sides, described girder transversal section respectively, the roller of described arm-type angular displacement sensor is resisted against the top board of described girder transversal section, monitor the angular displacement of described girder cross-sectional configuration, base plate in girder described in Abutment is provided with three-dimensional oscillating sensor a, the center line of described three-dimensional oscillating sensor a and bridge centerline parallel, described in monitoring Abutment, girder along bridge longitudinally, bridge laterally, the amplitude that vertical three directions swing, frequency, base plate in girder described in bridge end bay span centre place is provided with three-dimensional oscillating sensor b, the center line of described three-dimensional oscillating sensor b and bridge centerline parallel, girder described in monitoring bridge end bay span centre place is along amplitude, frequency that bridge longitudinal direction, bridge transverse direction, vertical three directions swing, base plate in girder described in bridge pier place is provided with three-dimensional oscillating sensor c, the center line of described three-dimensional oscillating sensor c and bridge centerline parallel, girder described in monitoring bridge pier place is along amplitude, frequency that bridge longitudinal direction, bridge transverse direction, vertical three directions swing, in bridge is secondary, across on the base plate in girder described in span centre place, three-dimensional oscillating sensor d is installed, the center line of described three-dimensional oscillating sensor d and bridge centerline parallel, in monitoring bridge time across girder described in span centre place along bridge longitudinally, bridge laterally, amplitude, frequency that vertical three directions swing, base plate in girder described in Sarasota place is provided with three-dimensional oscillating sensor e, the center line of described three-dimensional oscillating sensor e and bridge centerline parallel, girder described in monitoring Sarasota place is along amplitude, frequency that bridge longitudinal direction, bridge transverse direction, vertical three directions swing, in bridge, across on the base plate in girder described in span centre place, three-dimensional oscillating sensor f is installed, the center line of described three-dimensional oscillating sensor f and bridge centerline parallel, in monitoring bridge across girder described in span centre place along bridge longitudinally, bridge laterally, amplitude, frequency that vertical three directions swing, abutment, 1/4 end bay, 1/2 end bay, 3/4 end bay, bridge pier, in 1/4 time across, in 1/2 time across, in 3/4 time across in, Sarasota, 1/8 across, in 1/4 across, in 3/8 across on, upper and lower edge across the described girder in place in 1/2, foil gauge is pasted with along bridge center line, the strain of main beam structure is gone out by strain-gauge test, again by converting, monitor the stress of described main beam structure, on the bridge floor of described cable-stayed bridge, parallel bridge center line is equidistantly mounted with several vibro-pickups, adopts vibration pick-up to test out natural frequency, the vibration shape of girder, monitors the kinematic behavior of described girder.
2. the instrument and equipment of cable-stayed bridge cable replacement engineering monitoring according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: on the described drag-line that design is specified, frequency sensor is installed, before often changing a drag-line, after, and change the pulling force of monitoring drag-line described in those in rope process, adopt the double control-type prestress tensioning equipment being built-in with pressure transducer and hydraulic cylinder type elongation sensor, when the new drag-line that jack tension is changed, the stretching force of described drag-line is monitored by this double control-type prestress tensioning equipment, elongation, on described bridge pier pier shaft, vertically axis direction is pasted with foil gauge, the strain of bridge pier structure is gone out by strain-gauge test, again by converting, monitor the stress of described bridge pier.
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