CN101200904A - Anti-floating construction method by combination of bar-planting and anchoring-bolt - Google Patents
Anti-floating construction method by combination of bar-planting and anchoring-bolt Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an anti-floating construction technique, in particular to an anti-floating construction method which utilizes the combination of planted bars and anchor rods. The present invention resolves the problem of that the prior art cannot perfectly resolve the anti-floating problem of an underground building. The method includes four steps: (1) the arrangement of the positions of anchor rod holes, (2) the drilling of the anchor rod holes, (3) the preparation of steel bar anchoring agent by material mixing, (4) the anchor rods and the planted bars. The present invention has the advantages of easy formation of holes, shallow holes, low production cost, short construction period, quick construction, little consumption of construction materials, etc. The present invention also successfully resolves the problem that grouting cannot be carried out for the anti-floating anchor rods because dynamic pressure water in the anchor rod holes gushes out and cannot be eliminated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of anti-floating construction technology, be specially the anti-floating construction method that a kind of bar planting and anchor pole combine.
Background technology
The infrastructure construction especially construction in city all develops towards the depth direction; Thereby the basement of high-rise building thing and underground structure are more and more, will buoyancy occur at the works foundation bed when the buried depth of basement surpasses groundwater table, and along with the increase of buried depth, the anti-floating problem of underground structure is also just more and more outstanding.Because of buoyancy force of underground water effect or the improper destruction of causing underground construction of measure of anti float, existing at home and abroad many examples.Once too much cause buoyancy force of underground water occurred and caused the accident of basement destruction in China's Coastal Areas.In these accidents, the basement bottom board protuberance that has causes coal seam floor failure; The underground structure that has is floated by integral body, causes beam column node place cracking and coal seam floor failure or the like,
In engineering practice, often the anti-float method that adopts has following four kinds: (1) counterweight method at present; (2) a section drainage falls; (3) anti-floating stake; (4) anti-float anchor rod.
Anti-float anchor rod is the anti-floating technology of widely applying in recent years, and scheme generally adopts high-pressure slip-casting technology, makes slurry infiltration in the hole or crack of geotechnical body, and the anchor pole side friction is bigger than pile foundation, more helps anti-floating, and cheap, easy construction.But the cracking of the grouting body after the common bolt tension around the body of rod makes reinforcing bar and steel strand very easily be subjected to phreatic erosion, directly influences durability, and the contact of anti-float anchor rod and base plate also is the weak link of waterproof.When specifically selecting measure of anti float for use, can select a kind of measure separately for use according to the hydrogeological conditions and the load of buildings characteristics in place, also can multiple measure Combined Treatment anti-floating problem.
By above analysis as can be seen, compare with other measure of anti float, it is lower that anti-float anchor rod has cost, easy construction, characteristics such as be easy to be provided with, thereby in engineering reality, obtained using widely, specifically, adopt anti-float anchor rod to handle underground water and mainly contain following advantage:
(1) because the anti-float anchor rod spacing is little, and the bending moment and the shearing of the required balance of base plate also diminish thereupon, so but the just attenuation of the thickness of base plate, cost also just significantly reduces, and is again the single technology pore-forming that adopts rig, and the duration also shortens significantly.Simultaneously, anti-float anchor rod generally all is evenly to arrange, so can be good at solving bending moment and the shearing that produces under buoyancy and other external force effects, generally a stationary nodes is thought in the handing-over of anti-float anchor rod and base plate.As the spacing of getting between adjacent two anti-float anchor rods on a certain direction is a deck-siding, then the anti-float anchor rod on the other direction is with former single span or several stride and beam that span is bigger is divided into the little multispan beam of span, again because the handing-over of anti-float anchor rod and base plate is a stationary nodes, so this beam becomes the inferior statically determinate structrue of superelevation after being handled by anti-float anchor rod, advantage with a lot of statically-indeterminate structures: 1. span reduces, and positive negative bending moment also reduces accordingly; 2. can regulate the respectively size of span centre and each positive negative bending moment in end points place to a certain extent, play coordinative role; 3. owing to this structure is a superelevation time statically determinate structrue, can under certain requirement, form a plurality of plastic hinges, so also just can well internal force such as bending moment heavily be distributed, make internal force reach good adjusting, stressed also rationally further;
(2) adopt anti-float anchor rod except the buoyancy of balance underground water, can also play the effect of consolidated subsoil, thereby reduce foundation deformation and differential settlement;
(3) because the spacing between the anti-float anchor rod is little, with respect to large diameter anti-floating stake, the quantity of anti-float anchor rod is much more, thereby the buoyancy of sharing on the every anti-float anchor rod is also just very little, even can not cause that the structural entity anti-floating lost efficacy so one or a few anti-float anchor rod wherein takes place to destroy yet, thereby make security performance improve greatly.
Just because of above these advantages, make anti-float anchor rod in engineering, be used widely.Yet because the time ratio that this novel technology occurs is later, its design and construction also are in to be explored and conceptual phase, also there is not ready-made standard to comply with, mostly rule of thumb design and construct, thereby to the also application of too late engineering aspect far away of the theoretic research of anti-float anchor rod, the theoretical phenomenon that lags behind practice occurred, this has hindered anti-float anchor rod undoubtedly to a great extent in actual application in engineering.
From above analysis, it can also be seen that,, in engineering reality, obtained using widely, and obtained good effect although the anti-floating rock bolt has lot of advantages.But its shortcoming also is fairly obvious, at first mainly the anti-floating power of having utilized anchor pole in the anti-floating basis, and being side friction by anchor pole, the size of anchor pole anti-floating power provides, side friction is directly proportional with the anchorage length of anchor pole again simultaneously, so the length of anchor pole has become a key issue in the anchor pole anti-floating basic engineering again.And its length of currently used anti-float anchor rod is all long, and this is waste material, increase construction working amount on the one hand; On the other hand, because it is to be applied in phreatic place,, be difficult to guarantee its grouting quality so under phreatic effect, the slip casting of long anchor pole is also very difficult.Can therefore, satisfy under the prerequisite that anti-floating power requires, reducing rock-bolt length as much as possible, promptly to adopt short anchor pole to carry out the anti-floating design be a key issue in the basic research of present anchor pole anti-floating.In the anti-float anchor rod case history, we can also find that tangible characteristics are exactly that the rock-bolt length scope that adopts of these engineerings is generally 6～18 meters, and we know, why anti-float anchor rod can be used for resisting phreatic buoyancy, side friction by anchor pole and geotechnical body is realized, and the size of side friction is to be directly proportional with the length of anchor pole, rock-bolt length is long more generally speaking, it the side friction that can provide will be big more, so the angle of the side friction that can provide from anchor pole should adopt long as far as possible anchor pole.But along with rock-bolt length increases, the expense of boring, the difficulty of construction, material consumption etc. also all can significantly increase, and then cause waste economically, the prolongation of duration, also just because of these reasons, may adopt other measure of anti float to substitute anti-float anchor rod, thereby from this angle, the length of anti-float anchor rod is an important indicator that is determining that directly can anti-float anchor rod be used in actual engineering.And from the present anchor pole form that the anti-floating basis, adopts as can be seen, rock-bolt length is all long, the all well short anchor pole of economic benefit and social benefit is used then few many in actual engineering, this mainly be because, if reduce rock-bolt length significantly, and simultaneously require it to reach the requirement of corresponding anti-floating power, then will increase the design and construction difficulty of anti-float anchor rod greatly, thereby being limited to technical problem, short anchor pole is at the actual application in engineering much less that then seems
Although at present more research has been carried out in numerous aspects such as working mechanism, The field and construction technology of anti-float anchor rod, and obtained certain achievement in research, but from above analysis to previous finding, we it can also be seen that, also mainly exist following some deficiency in the former study, and seriously restricting anti-floating rock bolt applying in practice of construction.
(1) the adhesion strength feature value between lithosphere and anchoring body is lack of standardization, and adhesion strength feature value only is applicable to common bolt in the related specifications, is that anchor rod anchored average buried depth is by 10.0m because a precondition is arranged when measuring this value.The anti-floating anchoring is different with the mechanism of action of common anchoring, and its adhesion strength characteristic value should be had any different.And in the standard only about the content of conventional cement mortar, and not about the content of other grout material, as the reinforcing bar anchoring material of special use etc.
(2) the quiet buoyancy value of underground water is calculated not science.The difference that the quiet buoyancy value of underground water is phreatic buoyancy and superstructure load.But phreatic mechanical function is not only the hydrostatic pressure effect, also comprises the flowing pressure effect, and the effect of flowing pressure has been ignored in present design.
(3) can't be in slip casting under the flowing pressure.Present anti-float anchor rod is not suitable for using under the situation that the dynamic pressure water that springs up outside the oriented hole in bolthole and the water in the hole can't get rid of.Because in this case, mortar depositing construction is difficult to carry out, even if adopt air compressor machine to carry out slip casing by pressure, because press water can't be got rid of in the hole, the slurry of Zhu Ruing will contain a large amount of water like this, and slip casting is discontinuous, fullness coefficient is much smaller than 1, cause between anchor bar body and the rock stratum adhesion strength very low, the rock stratum side friction fails to give full play to, and reinforced steel bar strength also fails to give full play to.
(4) rock-bolt length is long.From the case history of successful Application anti-floating rock bolt as can be seen, the rock-bolt length of using always in the engineering is generally all between 5-6 rice at present, special will be above 10 meters, we know the lengthening along with rock-bolt length, its frictional resistance that can provide also will be along with increase, and the frictional resistance that it can provide is directly proportional with length, but, we also should see the increase along with rock-bolt length, its various operating expenses simultaneously, difficulty and Master Cost are also all correspondingly along with increase, as pore-forming difficulty especially, the cost height, it is difficult to construct, and the constructional materials consumption is big or the like, and then causes claim for eot, economic and social benefit reduces.
(5) present anchoring material is off quality.The main effect of anti-float anchor rod will provide enough uplift resistances exactly, is not drawn out under buoyancy, and then other structural damages that cause to guarantee anchor pole.And the uplift resistance of anchor pole mainly provides by the frictional force between the body of rod and the anchoring material, so the big young pathbreaker of the anchoring material frictional resistance that can provide directly has influence on the performance of anti-float anchor rod.Development about the anchoring material does not at present have unified standard, but commensurate does not develop voluntarily, thereby just causes its quality to differ bigger, and therefore the development of high performance anchoring material will be the importance that can the decision anti-float anchor rod be applied.
Bar planting is the new technology that China recent years emerges, and it is the chemical anchoring agent that utilizes the high molecular synthetic material moulding, the reinforcing bar body of rod is anchored in the eyelet of stiff materials such as rock, concrete, thereby produces a desired effect.This new technology is called bar planting, and it is a kind of novel borehole anchorage member.The construction back produces the high load capacity bearing capacity, is difficult for producing displacement, and favorable sealing property, need not to do any fire prevention, waterproofing work.Because it is fixed by chemical adhesion, not only can not produce swollen account destruction to original structure, and strengthening action is arranged on the contrary.At present in seismic hardening, reconstruct, build etc. in the engineering and use more and more widely.Practice shows, that bar planting connects is reliable, easy construction, expense are lower, is a kind of more satisfactory job practices.And simultaneously by to the bar planting technology introduction we as can be seen, the bar planting technology just in time has this two advantages, promptly rock-bolt length is short, anchoring agent adhesion stress is strong.But the application of bar planting technology in the anti-floating of building foundation at present is also rarely found, this mainly is because existing bar planting anchoring agent material composition is many based on chemical raw materials such as modified epoxies, its significant disadvantages is to use in water, its performance significantly reduces so that can't anchoring behind the water breakthrough, lets alone in boring streamflow that this problem runs into reaches 60kN greater than 5000ml/min, water pressure the flowing pressure to have used.
The bar planting technology has obtained using comparatively widely at present in engineering practice, its tangible characteristics are: rock-bolt length weak point, easy construction, simple, expense is low, but its anchoring property to the anchoring material requires high, just require the anchored force on the unit length bigger, thereby the anchoring agent of adopting in the bar planting technology mostly is high-strength chemical anchoring agent.And the special use " reinforcing bar anchoring agent " that domestic many companies produce all is not suitable for using under water.As the topmost raw material of Rock Bolt Foundation, the performance of anchoring material is most important, is the decisive factor of decision construction technology and consolidation effect.
The patent No. is 200710072255.9 to disclose a kind of job practices of pulling-resistant and pressure-resistant slip casting tubulose, its main technical schemes is to bore the stake hole, in the hole, put into the plastic pipe that has injected hole behind the pore-forming, outside plastic pipe, putting into reinforcing cage and broken sandstone again, beginning slip casting in the stake hole then.This scheme can be used for anti-floating reinforcing, ground base enforcement and the new building thing uplift pile construction of existing building.But the concrete technique effect of the unclear description of this scheme that is to say the data that do not have concrete anti-floating power, does not obviously have the contrast reference value.The patent No. 03116924.4 discloses a kind of method of utilizing anti-floating plate brad supporting underground building, the main points of its concrete scheme are after underground excavation of foundation pit is finished, by soil nailing the bed course and the soil layer of base plate, underground structure are fixed, soil nailing is hollow form and has slurry outlet, in soil nailing, inject cement paste then, cement paste is by soil nailing and penetrate in the soil layer, can realize after cement paste solidifies that the resistance to plucking of soil layer and underground structure is fixed.It is longer that but its anchorage length requires, and it is more loaded down with trivial details to construct.The patent No. is 02130835.7 to disclose a kind of method with anchor bolt construction by double sleeve, the technical essential of this scheme is to use the drill bit impact drilling and forming hole, in the hole, put into outer tube then, with fixing muscle steel pipe is fixed, and then pass through outer tube with rig and hole again downwards, and then be placed into interior pipe, and in interior pipe, inserting anchor pole muscle and cement injection mortar, pipe and outer tube form anchor pole in extracting at last.Compare its job practices with this case loaded down with trivial details, needs main equipment and more manpower, is unsuitable for promoting.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is for the problem of the anti-floating problem poor effect that solves the processing underground structure that exists in the prior art and the anti-floating construction method that provides a kind of bar planting and anchor pole to combine.
The present invention is realized that by following technical scheme the anti-floating construction method that a kind of bar planting and anchor pole combine may further comprise the steps,
1. layout in the bolthole position,
2. bore bolthole, adopt water to be drilled to the hole, the aperture is 100mm, and hole depth is 400～550mm, adopts the wet type mode to creep into, and rig whenever down creeps into 20cm, with the dry type mode of just changeing pellet is taken out of, until reaching the design hole depth.
3. with material preparation reinforcing bar anchoring agent, the anchoring agent is made of by weight proportion following raw materials according, 100 parts of sulphate aluminium cements, 0.5～1 part of accelerating admixture, intensifier Ca Cl
21.0～1.5 parts, 5 parts of expansion agent UEA, 2 parts of carboxymethyl celluloses, 0.5 part in gypsum mixes above-mentioned raw materials, puts into mixer and pulverizes levigate getting final product;
During with material, by water/binder ratio 0.35 clean water being poured in the material after levigate (must not have impurity to sneak in the material during with material, otherwise the uplift resistance of anchoring agent will significantly reduce), put on clean rubber gloves (in order to avoid hand is scalded) with the material people and will expect uniform mixing, cylinder is made in the anchoring agent of having mixed.
4. anchor pole bar planting, the cylindric anchoring agent of making is filled in the bolthole that has cleaned up, the anchoring agent is pressed into the hole at the bottom of, and compacting, the water of being extruded by the anchoring agent flows out, repeat a process, fill up bolthole until the anchoring agent, the reinforcing bar that the bottom is welded with long reinforcing bar " ten " prefix with sledgehammer is pounded at the bottom of the hand-hole then, then will be pressed in the hole by the anchoring agent that reinforcing bar is extruded along the anchor pole reinforcing bar again, further compacting anchoring agent before the anchoring agent is not solidified in the hole, applies a downward pressure thereon.Guarantee that its compactness, intensity and fullness coefficient are greater than 1.
The key of anchor bolt construction is keyhole quality and grouting quality.The quality index of bolthole mainly is the hole deviation rate, and both bolthole required circle straight, must not be crooked.Therefore, under the prerequisite that guarantees the rig installation quality, must select circle straight, the particle size drilling tool of good rigidly, sharp drill bit, and rig is remained vertically, and detect the verticality of rig in the drilling process at any time by measuring apparatus, guarantee that foot of hole deflection size is not more than 2% of rock-bolt length.
The anchor pole reinforcing bar should carry out oil removing and processing of rust removing, and the body of rod adopts epoxy resin to carry out preservative treatment.Bolt grouting is the key link of anchor bolt construction, and grout material is mixed system " reinforcing bar anchoring agent " by water/binder ratio at 0.35: 1.Press water can't be got rid of in the preceding hole of slip casting, but will clean hole wall and drain residue in the hole, and uniform mixing is wanted in the anchoring agent, with following usefulness, forbids when the anchoring agent must use up and expect that impurity sneaks into before initial set, in the material feeding process, is strictly on guard against that aperture stone foreign material sneak in the hole.
Compare with the prior art scheme, the present invention has following advantage:
Be used widely in the occasion that can not use common anti-float anchor rod anti-floating.Because in the pore forming process, because rock is a layered distribution, connect entirely between the rock stratum, underground dynamic pressure water is outside the rock stratum hole is gushed out the hole continuously, and the water in the hole can't be got rid of, therefore mortar depositing construction is difficult to carry out, even if use air compressor machine to carry out slip casing by pressure,, in the middle of the slurry of injection a large amount of water will be arranged because press water can't be removed in the hole, and slip casting is discontinuous, fullness coefficient causes the adhesion strength characteristic value between anchor bar body and rock stratum low excessively much smaller than 1, and the rock stratum side friction can not be given full play to, reinforced steel bar strength also fails to give full play to, and can't reach designing requirement.The present invention has successfully solved through the application of Niangzi Guan sludge of sewage treatment plant regulating reservoir and lift pump room " bar planting formula " anti-float anchor rod:
(1), the nonstandard problem of adhesion strength characteristic value value between lithosphere and anchor bar body.Through the rock uniaxiality strength test, the test of " bar planting formula " anti-float anchor rod is done at the scene, by analysis that experimental data is carried out curve fitting, can determine the adhesion strength characteristic value comparatively exactly;
(2), the rock anti-float anchor rod is not suitable for having in the bolthole problem of the situation that the dynamic pressure water that outwards springs up and press water can't get rid of;
(3), the inconsiderate close problem of anti-float anchor rod mechanical stability.Through on-the-spot resistance to plucking test, anchor pole resistance to plucking ultimate bearing capacity reaches 246kN, anti-float anchor rod ultimate bearing capacity value much larger than design has successfully solved phreatic buoyancy and has been quasi periodic with seasonal variations, and anti-float anchor rod will produce the problem of fatigue failure under this periodicity load action;
(4), the unscientific problem of quality examination content and means.Anti-float anchor rod only is concerned about uplift resistance and special provision do not done in displacement, and in fact, displacement is to be related to the key index that anti-float anchor rod normally plays a role, and rule of thumb, displacement can not surpass 0.4% of anchor rod anchored segment length, could guarantee safety.Use the brief test device of design voluntarily, successfully solved this problem.
1. it is convenient to construct, safety, and the making and the pore-forming of anchor pole are simple, and flexible;
2. the place that takies of construction is very little.Narrow and small for the construction plant, adjacent architectural is arranged, when large-scale pore-forming and grouting equipment can not be marched into the arena, this technology demonstrates unique advantages;
3. reliable and stable.The anchor bar body displacement of construction back is little, and vertical displacement is generally 0.1～0.3% of anchor rod anchored segment length, and maximum must not surpass 0.4%, the anti-pulling of anchor bar height, and overload capacity is strong.Successfully solved phreatic buoyancy and be quasi periodic, and made anti-float anchor rod produce the difficult problem of fatigue failure with seasonal variations.Loading ratio uplift resistance during because of its fatigue failure is much lower;
4. the duration is very short.Shorten approximately 2/3 than duration of general castinplace pile, shorten about 1/2 than common anti-float anchor rod;
5. the constructional materials consumption is low.Save about 90% building materials than general castinplace pile, save building materials about 60% than common anti-float anchor rod;
6. suit measures to local conditions applied range.Especially at the rocky special geologic condition in mountain area, we constantly accumulate experience through conscientiously research, have summed up a whole set of advanced construction technology and feasible construction technology, and effect is obvious in actual applications, has reached advanced international level;
7. " bar planting formula " anti-float anchor rod job site noise is little, and construction is civilized, has obtained the consistent favorable comment of Party A and building site surrounding resident, has obtained good social benefit;
8. cheap.Compare with other anti-float anchor rods or uplift pile, can reduce cost 40%～60%.Shanxi Province's Niangzi Guan sludge of sewage treatment plant regulating reservoir that I finished and lift pump room " bar planting formula " anti-float anchor rod, more than 20 ten thousand yuan of funds are saved in the former borehole perfusion uplift pile of comparing, and cost is less than 100,000 yuan.Its numerical value is considerable, and its ratio is surprising, and its economic benefit is conspicuous.And " bar planting formula " the anti-float anchor rod duration, short characteristics were also saved a large amount of valuable time of Party A, had reduced Party A's input, and its benefit of creating indirectly is difficult to estimate.
Because it has advantages such as pore-forming is easy, hole depth is very shallow, cheap, the duration is very short, construction is convenient, the constructional materials consumption is low, and successfully solved " the dynamic pressure water that outwards springs up and can't get rid of is arranged in the bolthole " anti-float anchor rod and can't carry out the problem of slip casting, be worth promoting.
With respect to perfusion uplift pile and common anti-float anchor rod, it has the following advantages:
1. uplift pile pore-forming difficulty especially can not the manual pore-forming on rock, can only use large-scale boring machine, if the place is very little, large-scale machine can't be marched into the arena, and construction will be forced to interrupt.And " bar planting formula " anti-float anchor rod only need use small-sized water to bore, one man operation can be on rock pore-forming, pore-forming is very convenient, and has saved a large amount of electric energy;
2. uplift pile and common anti-float anchor rod pore-forming are all very dark, and the degree of depth generally will reach several meters, and workload is big.And " bar planting formula " anti-float anchor rod pore-forming only needs 0.5～1.0m, can meet design requirement, and it is many that workload is little;
3. the duration shorter by 50～70% than uplift pile, than common anti-float anchor rod short 30～40%;
4. cheap.Be 20～30% of uplift pile, 40～60% of common anti-float anchor rod;
5. save constructional materials.The Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, country will execute building energy conservation consumption reduction standard, will obtain certainly promoting as the special low technology of this consumptive material of " bar planting formula " anti-float anchor rod;
6. can be applied to the situation of " the dynamic pressure water that outwards springs up and can't get rid of is arranged in the bolthole ".And common anti-float anchor rod is difficult to realize.
China is the hilly country in mountain area more than, and the population density is big especially, and arable area reduces just year by year, and the soil that can be used in construction is fewer and feweri, must develop the mountain area energetically, all many rocks in most of mountain area, and groundwater table is very high.And this technology is specially adapted to the many rocks in mountain area, the anchor pole basis that the need resistance to plucking under the complex geological conditions such as groundwater table height requires, and based on this, this technology will obtain wide popularization and application.
(1) the bar planting technology combined with the anti-float anchor rod technology proposed to adopt a kind of novel bolt support technology---" bar planting formula " anti-float anchor rod technology, this technology can be to being positioned at basement bottom board and the building foundation below the groundwater table, because of the buoyancy force of underground water effect is reinforced or the anchoring treatment measures.This measure is superior to traditional anti-floating rock bolt technology greatly, has quick construction, an obvious advantage such as construction intensity is low, the duration is short, expense is low.
(2) developed the reinforcing bar anchoring agent that obviously is different from the scene preparation that common anti-float anchor rod uses, compare with common anchoring agent, the anchoring property of this anchoring agent improves greatly, thereby the anchor pole that can provide on the unit length surveys frictional resistance and also increases greatly, and this promptly is the one of the main reasons that makes that rock-bolt length is reduced greatly in this technology.
(3) less when anti-float anchor rod rod end load, pull out load on the rod end and at first bear by the side friction of top anchor pole periphery soil layer, the load that the bottom anti-float anchor rod is born is very little; Along with the increasing of external load, load constantly transmits downwards, and the side friction of anti-float anchor rod lower periphery soil layer also progressively plays a role.
(4) under different external load effects, the stressed vary within wide limits of anti-float anchor rod body of rod upper reinforcement, and bottom body of rod reinforcing steel bar bear amplitude of variation is very little.So anti-pulling of anchor bar does not improve with the increase of length, but have an economic reasonably critical length value, when design, the length of increase anchor pole that should be not simply improves the uplift resistance of anti-float anchor rod, in order to avoid cause waste; But place geological conditions, anti-float anchor rod pore size etc., construction technology, grouting quality etc. also also have very big influence to the reasonable length of anti-float anchor rod to a certain extent in addition.
(5) by the method for numerical computations single anchor is made the stress characteristic of time spent with group's anchor and carried out comparative analysis, result of calculation shows at group's anchor does the time spent, the bearing capacity of single anchor pole will descend to some extent, under the given operating mode of this paper, only be about 0.6～0.7 times of independent anti-float anchor rod Ultimate Up-lift Bearing Capacity.Therefore, when actual engineering design, should especially be noted.
The rod end maximum displacement that contrasts simultaneously under single anchor and the effect of group's anchor also can be found, the maximum displacement of rod end maximum displacement under group's anchor effect during much larger than single anchor, this is mainly to be because group's anchor is done the time spent, stressed influencing each other between the anchor pole, cause its side friction to descend, and then produce bigger vertical displacement, therefore when designing, must notice that group anchor makes group's anchor effect of time spent.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the uplift resistance contrast experiment figure of reinforcing bar anchoring agent used in the present invention and conventional cement mortar
Fig. 2 is load and displacement curve figure---anchor rod experiment P-S curve
Fig. 3 is load and displacement curve figure---anchor rod experiment P-S
e, S
pCurve
The specific embodiment
Niangzi Guan town, Pingding County, Shanxi Province sewage treatment project Wastewater Treatment Plant lift pump room anti-float anchor rod engineering is positioned at Niangzi Guan town, Pingding County, Shanxi Province.Former design scheme is borehole perfusion uplift pile, pile body diameter 600mm, and stake long 5.0m (6.0m) concrete strength of pile grade is C25, vertical ultimate uplift resistance of single pile is the long stake＞350kN of 5.0m, the long stake＞400kN of 6.0m.Because the place is narrow and small, basement rock is harder, and large-scale drilling machine can't enter the place, manually is difficult to pore-forming on basement rock, causes engineering once to be interrupted,
This programme is the design of lift pump room pond baseboard anti-floating.± 0.000 absolute altitude is equivalent to absolute altitude 367.893m, and the groundwater table absolute altitude is between 366.46～367.46m, and underground water has weak erosive to concrete structure, and the reinforcing bar in the reinforced concrete structure is also had weak erosive.Use 3 anti-float anchor rods and replace 1 uplift pile anti-floating.This time anti-float anchor rod is divided into: MG-1, and the anti-pulling capacity characteristic value is 120kN; MG-2, the anti-pulling capacity characteristic value is 135kN.Behind the pore-forming, the boring streamflow reaches 60kN greater than 5000ml/min, water pressure, and the water in the boring can't be got rid of.
Specific implementation method is
1. excavation pit is all excavated the upper strata soil layer, excavates rock surface.Higher because of groundwater table, build the thick brick wall of 240mm around the base plate of foundation pit position, highly for exceeding basement rock stone surface 30cm superlatively, the sealing agent leak stopping of interior metope, wall face is piled upward sandbag.Draw water at four jiaos of lowest parts with a suction pump between sandbag and the brick wall,, draw water at base plate scope lowest part, prevent that underground water from flooding basement rock and influencing construction with another little pump to guarantee that not having secondary water around the foundation ditch in the base plate scope enters in the brick wall.
2. on former stake position, along every pile position outer rim, each bores 3 holes, and the position, hole is equilateral triangle and arranges that the hole center distance is 500mm.1 HRB335 25 reinforcing bar is implanted in every hole.Behind the pore-forming, in special use " the reinforcing bar anchoring agent " injection hole with the scene preparation, and the compacting of vibrating.The hole exposed steel bar, the stone concrete that is not less than C30 with intensity wraps up, and is not corroded by underground water with the protection exposed steel bar, reserves one section reinforcing bar in addition and anchors into pond baseboard and the welding of pond baseboard reinforcing bar, to reach the anti-floating effect.
The anti-floating construction method that a kind of bar planting and anchor pole combine may further comprise the steps,
1. layout in the position, hole, and 2. boring adopts water to be drilled to the hole, and the aperture is 100mm, and the MG-1 hole depth is 500mm, and the MG-2 hole depth is 550mm.Adopt the wet type mode to creep into, rig whenever down creeps into 20cm, with the dry type mode of just changeing pellet is taken out of, until reaching the design hole depth.
3. with material preparation reinforcing bar anchoring agent, the anchoring agent is made up of following raw materials according, 100 parts of sulphate aluminium cements, 0.5～1 part of accelerating admixture, intensifier Ca Cl
21.0～1.5 parts, 5 parts of expansion agent UEA, 2 parts of carboxymethyl celluloses, 0.5 part in gypsum mixes above-mentioned raw materials, puts into mixer and pulverizes levigate getting final product; Above raw material all can be purchased in the market, and all there is sale in each Admixture production firm, and what for example accelerating admixture can use the production of alum ore deposit, Lujiang is 8880 type cement hardeners, the cement hardener of Yangquan City accelerating admixture factory; Expansion agent UEA can use the cement expansive material of China Building Materials Academy's development.
Every anchor bolt construction needs the about 5kg of materials, during with material, by water/binder ratio 0.35 clean water being poured in the material (must not have impurity to sneak in the material during with material, otherwise the uplift resistance of anchoring agent will significantly reduce), put on clean rubber gloves (in order to avoid hand is scalded) and will expect uniform mixing with the material people, the anchoring agent of having mixed is made the about 10cm of diameter, is about the cylinder of 20cm.
4. anchor pole bar planting, the cylindric anchoring agent of making is filled in the bolthole that has cleaned up, at the bottom of the anchoring agent is pressed into the hole, and compacting, the water of being extruded by the anchoring agent flows out, repeat a process, fill up bolthole until the anchoring agent, the reinforcing bar that with sledgehammer the bottom is welded with long reinforcing bar " ten " prefix is fast pounded at the bottom of the hand-hole then, then will be pressed in the hole by the anchoring agent that reinforcing bar is extruded along the anchor pole reinforcing bar again, further compacting anchoring agent before the anchoring agent is not solidified in the hole, applies a downward pressure thereon and guarantees that it is closely knit.Its compactness, intensity and fullness coefficient are greater than 1.
The key of anchor bolt construction is keyhole quality and grouting quality.The quality index of bolthole mainly is the hole deviation rate, and both bolthole required circle straight, must not be crooked.Therefore, under the prerequisite that guarantees the rig installation quality, must select circle straight, the particle size drilling tool of good rigidly, sharp drill bit, and rig is remained vertically, and detect the verticality of rig in the drilling process at any time by measuring apparatus, guarantee that foot of hole deflection size is not more than 2% of rock-bolt length.
Because the pore-forming of this " bar planting formula " anti-float anchor rod is very shallow, anchoring agent the reducing a lot than common anti-float anchor rod of injection.And be without exception in the existing standard by conventional cement mortar slip casting, we are concerned about that very can the uplift resistance of " bar planting formula " anti-float anchor rod of the reinforcing bar anchoring agent grout that adopts on-the-spot preparation reach designing requirement, uplift resistance than the anti-float anchor rod of conventional cement mortar grout has much raisings, particularly in bolthole, having under the situation of the dynamic pressure water that can't get rid of, how about is its uplift resistance? we have carried out pull-out bond test for this reason.The curve map that shows the uplift resistance contrast experiment as Fig. 1
Adopt the reinforcing bar anchoring agent of preparing among the present invention, its maximum uplift resistance reached 180kN in 2 hours, reached 246kN in 24 hours, and the uplift resistance much larger than the 120kN of designing requirement satisfies engineering demand fully.
Test shows, the reinforcing bar anchoring agent of site of deployment preparation, and the adhesion strength characteristic value between anchoring agent and rock is much larger than the adhesion strength characteristic value between mortar and rock, its concrete numerical value 3-2 that sees the following form, table 3-3:
Adhesion strength characteristic value (Mpa) between table 3-2 anchoring agent and rock
| Rock uniaxiality strength | 42.3 | 51.7 | 48.2 | 50.1 | 45.6 | 49.3 | On average |
| 47.87 | |||||||
| Adhesion strength | 1.49 | 1.66 | 1.54 | 1.56 | 1.51 | 1.55 | 1.55 |
Adhesion strength characteristic value (Mpa) between table 3-3 mortar and rock
| The hard intensity of rock | Soft rock | Than soft rock | Hard rock |
| Adhesion strength | ＜0.2 | 0.2～0.4 | 0.4～0.6 |
Annotate: strength of cement mortar is 30Mpa, strength grade of concrete C30.
In addition from last joint pull-out bond test P～S curve map be Fig. 2 can see 3, its the maximum uplift resistance of anchor pole that injects the special-purpose TC-10 cement based of autogamy reinforcing bar anchoring material in the hole that dynamic pressure water is arranged is to inject more than 8 times of conventional cement mortar anti-pulling of anchor bar, is to inject more than 5 times of conventional cement mortar anti-pulling of anchor bar in clean hole.
Through field trial and contrast in many ways, the special use " reinforcing bar anchoring agent " that domestic many companies produce all is not suitable for using under water, and all slurry molding smoothly of its anchoring agent is especially being arranged under the flowing pressure situation.And adopting common " reinforcing bar anchoring agent " its 24 hours uplift resistances under anhydrous situation is 164kN, also far below the result of use of the reinforcing bar anchoring agent of on-the-spot preparation of the present invention.
Engineering practice proves, adopts its result of use of reinforcing bar anchoring agent of on-the-spot preparation to surpass the expectation, and the adhesion strength characteristic value of anchoring agent and rock is much larger than the adhesion strength of conventional cement mortar and rock, and do not influence its use and effect in dynamic pressure water.Test shows, adopt us to study TC-10 cement based reinforcing bar anchoring material--the reinforcing bar anchoring agent of configuration voluntarily, when anchorage depth reaches 500mm, the maximum uplift resistance of anchor bar will only depend on the yield strength of this specification reinforcing bar itself and fastening destruction can not occur.For guaranteeing the security and stability on anchor pole rock anti-floating basis, anchorage depth meets or exceeds 500mm during the suggestion construction.As 500mm can't be reached the time, should before construction, do its maximum uplift resistance of anchoring resistance to plucking verification experimental verification because of the cause specific anchorage depth.
TC-10 cement based reinforcing bar anchoring material--succeeding in developing of reinforcing bar anchoring agent, both solved the engineering roadblock that the lift pump room anti-float anchor rod engineering borehole perfusion uplift pile of Niangzi Guan town, Pingding County, Shanxi Province sewage treatment project Wastewater Treatment Plant can't be constructed, the Rock Bolt Foundation construction for " having the dynamic pressure water that outwards springs up and can't get rid of can't carry out slip casting in the bolthole " problem of running into from now on provides new selection again.
The field trial binding isotherm studies show that, when the spacing of anti-float anchor rod hour, anchor pole is subjected to the effect of drawing load, and there is perturbation in peripheral rock stratum, thereby the Ultimate Up-lift Bearing Capacity of adjacent anchor pole is exerted an influence.When actual engineering resistance to plucking load is big, can encrypt the layout anti-float anchor rod, but when design, the anti-pulling capacity of anchor pole to carry out corresponding reduction on the basis of single anchor testing value, to guarantee the safety of structure.Niangzi Guan town, Pingding County, Shanxi Province sewage treatment project Wastewater Treatment Plant lift pump room anti-float anchor rod engineering, former design scheme are borehole perfusion uplift pile, and vertical ultimate uplift resistance of single pile is 350kN.After using Rock Bolt Foundation instead, on former stake position,, use 3 anti-float anchor rods and replace 1 uplift pile anti-floating along every pile position outer rim.The position, hole is equilateral triangle and arranges that the hole center distance is 500mm, and 1 HRB335 25 reinforcing bar is implanted in every hole.Single anchor pole anti-pulling capacity characteristic value is 120kN.Engineering practice proves that adopting said method can replace former borehole perfusion uplift pile fully.
After the test anchor rod strength reaches requirement, by " Code for design of building " (GB50007-2002), " building slope technical specification " requirement (GB50330-2002) carries out resistance to plucking test, test adopts classification to add unloading manner, maximum trial load is 0.8 times of anchor bar body ultimate pullout capacity, and the initial load of hierarchical loading is 0.1Af
Plk, every grade loads increment and gets Af
Plk1/10, add unloading and undertaken by code requirement with test termination time and test data record.
MG-1, MG-2 select 6 anchor poles to test respectively.
MG-1: select 6 anchor poles altogether, test at twice.
Before the construction: do 3 test anchor poles earlier, check its tension pull out force whether to meet design requirement, and measure displacement with said apparatus.
The construction back: 3 anchor poles of picked at random carry out the test of tension pull out force with said apparatus, determine whether its tension pull out force meets design requirement, and measure displacement.
MG-2: select 6 anchor poles altogether, test at twice.
Before the construction: do 3 test anchor poles earlier, check its tension pull out force whether to meet design requirement, and measure displacement with said apparatus.
The construction back: 3 anchor poles of picked at random carry out the test of tension pull out force with said apparatus, determine whether its tension pull out force meets design requirement, and measure displacement.
Destructive testing anchor pole: check its Ultimate Up-lift Bearing Capacity with said apparatus, and measure displacement.
Table 4-1 examination table (MG-1)
| The test specimen numbering | ?1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Specifications and models | ?HRB335?25 | HRB335?25 | HRB335?25 | HRB335?25 | HRB335?25 | HRB335?25 |
| Anchorage depth (mm) | ?500 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 500 |
| Hardening time (h) | ?24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 |
| Uplift resistance test value (kN) | ?120 | 120 | 120 | 120 | 120 | 120 |
| The test specimen state | Do not destroy | Do not destroy | Do not destroy | Do not destroy | Do not destroy | Do not destroy |
Table 4-2 examination table (MG-2)
| The test specimen numbering | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Specifications and models | HRB335 25 | HRB335 25 | HRB335 25 | HRB335 25 | HRB335 25 | HRB335 25 | HRB400 25 | HRB400 25 |
| Anchorage depth (mm) | 550 | 550 | 550 | 550 | 550 | 550 | 550 | 550 |
| Hardening time (h) | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 |
| Uplift resistance test value (kN) | 135 | 135 | 135 | 135 | 135 | 135 | 241 | 246 |
| The test specimen state | Do not destroy | Do not destroy | Do not destroy | Do not destroy | Do not destroy | Do not destroy | The crack appears | The crack appears |
Check conclusion
MG-1 reinforcing bar anti-pulling limiting force value meets design requirement the requirement of displacement compliant greater than 120kN.MG-2 reinforcing bar anti-pulling limiting force value meets design requirement the requirement of displacement compliant greater than 135kN.Destructive testing shows that reinforcing bar resistance to plucking limiting value maximum can reach 246kN.
Claims (1)
1. the anti-floating construction method that combines of bar planting and anchor pole is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps,
1. layout in the bolthole position,
2. bore bolthole, adopt water to be drilled to the hole, the aperture is 100mm, and hole depth is 400～550mm, adopts the wet type mode to creep into, and rig whenever down creeps into 20cm, with the dry type mode of just changeing pellet is taken out of, and until reaching the design hole depth,
3. with material preparation reinforcing bar anchoring agent, the anchoring agent is made of by weight proportion following raw materials according, 100 parts of sulphate aluminium cements, 0.5～1 part of accelerating admixture, intensifier Ca Cl
21.0～1.5 parts, 5 parts of expansion agent UEA, 2 parts of carboxymethyl celluloses, 0.5 part in gypsum mixes above-mentioned raw materials, puts into mixer and pulverizes levigate getting final product;
With when material, by water/binder ratio 0.35 clean water to be poured in the material after levigate, the material uniform mixing is made cylinder with the anchoring agent of having mixed,
4. anchor pole bar planting, the cylindric anchoring agent of making is filled in the bolthole that has cleaned up, at the bottom of the anchoring agent is pressed into the hole, and compacting, the water of being extruded by the anchoring agent flows out, repeat a process, fill up bolthole until the anchoring agent, the reinforcing bar that the bottom is welded with long reinforcing bar " ten " prefix with sledgehammer is pounded at the bottom of the hand-hole then, then will be pressed in the hole by the anchoring agent that reinforcing bar is extruded along the anchor pole reinforcing bar again, further compacting anchoring agent before the anchoring agent is not solidified in the hole, applies a downward pressure thereon and guarantees that it is closely knit.
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| CN200710185394A CN100595397C (en) | 2007-12-10 | 2007-12-10 | Anti-floating construction method by combination of bar-planting and anchoring-bolt |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103046581A (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2013-04-17 | 五冶集团上海有限公司 | Anti-floating method for anchor rods of rotational flow tank |
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| US3874181A (en) * | 1972-04-26 | 1975-04-01 | Texaco Inc | High load carrying capacity, freeze and crack-proof concrete metal pile |
| US4740107A (en) * | 1986-12-01 | 1988-04-26 | Barnett & Casbarian, Inc. | Method and apparatus for protecting a shallow-water well |
| CN100510283C (en) * | 2007-05-25 | 2009-07-08 | 南京工业大学 | Self-pressure type anti-floating method and device thereof |
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| CN103046581A (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2013-04-17 | 五冶集团上海有限公司 | Anti-floating method for anchor rods of rotational flow tank |
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| CN114215381B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-04-11 | 中铁大桥局武汉桥梁特种技术有限公司 | Concrete structure ultra-deep post-anchoring construction method |
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