CN101191840A - GPSGPS Multifunctional turbulent current sonde and its measurement method - Google Patents

GPSGPS Multifunctional turbulent current sonde and its measurement method Download PDF

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CN101191840A
CN101191840A CNA2006100977318A CN200610097731A CN101191840A CN 101191840 A CN101191840 A CN 101191840A CN A2006100977318 A CNA2006100977318 A CN A2006100977318A CN 200610097731 A CN200610097731 A CN 200610097731A CN 101191840 A CN101191840 A CN 101191840A
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gps
sensor
signal
single chip
turbulent
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CN100578262C (en
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肖黎明
翁宁泉
孙刚
余申伟
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Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics of CAS
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Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics of CAS
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Abstract

The invention discloses a GPS multifunction turbulence radiosnode and a measurement method thereof. The radiosonde comprises a sensing part (1) including a temperature pulse sensor (11), a Barometric pressure sensor (12), an atmospheric temperature sensor (13) and a GPS sensor (14), a signal converting part (2) including an analog-to-digital converter MAX197 and a singlechip AT89C2051, a transmitting part (3) including a lever translator and a transmitter (31), and a power supply (4), all of which are used to convert electric signals output by the sensors into digital signals, and calculate, analyze, code and transmit the digital signals. The method comprises the following steps of: receiving the signal output by the sensors and outputting digital signals; particularly setting time slice for acquiring the output of the sensors and acquisition frequency and determining the acquisition proportionality coefficient of the sensors according to the acquired sensor; and processing and coding the data converted into digital signals and transmitting the data converted into digital signals to the transmitting part to be transmitted. The invention can accurately position and measure the atmosphere turbulence and wind direction and speed at the measurement points.

Description

GPS multifunctional turbulent sonde and measuring method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sonde and survey method, especially GPS multifunctional turbulent sonde and measuring method thereof.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly of photoelectric technology, the importance of optical turbulence more and more obtains people's attention.In the process of Laser Transmission, turbulence effect causes the drift and the expansion of light beam; In image was used, turbulence effect caused the shake and the distortion of image; Turbulent flow also can reduce the resolution of astronomical telescope.Various phenomenons when passing through turbulent atmosphere for quantitative examination laser to solve the various optical engineering problems relevant with these phenomenons, must be furtherd investigate the optical turbulence structure of light path, study its Changing Pattern and statistical nature.The turbulent flow data of obtaining can be field services such as adaptive optics, high resolving power uranoscopy, Laser Atmospheric Transmission.Thus, people are for understanding the whole atmosphere turbulent flow, the i.e. feature of the whole atmosphere temperature fluctuation from ground to the high-altitude, the normal sonde measurement of Atmospheric Turbulence of using is as a kind of " the atmospheric turbulence sonde " once described in the Chinese utility model patent instructions CN 2556655Y of bulletin on June 18th, 2003 the applicant.It is intended to provide the instrument of turbulent flow, temperature and air pressure in a kind of precision height, working stability, the lightweight measurement atmosphere.It is made of the sensing element, signal transformation part and the transmitter that are connected in series successively and all are electrically connected with power supply, and sensing element wherein is made up of turbulent flow sensor, temperature sensor AD 590 and baroceptor KY-0.1MPa.During sounding, carried it in the atmosphere by balloon, the serial data that the converting electrical signal one-tenth that signal transformation part is exported sensing element is made of two kinds of frequency signals is sent to transmitter and is sent to ground.But this sonde exists weak point, and at first, function singleness though where the turbulent flow in the energy measurement atmosphere, temperature and air pressure can not provide in simultaneously and record, let alone accurately provides coordinate points when measuring; Secondly, intelligent degree is not high, can not handle timely and analyze the various signals that measure in real time, particularly can not obtain wind speed, wind direction in the atmosphere in real time, and this point is vital for the origin cause of formation of turbulent flow and the analysis of development trend; Once more, reclaim to be difficult for, the sonde that balloon carries lets it flow in atmosphere, because of the coordinate information of no sonde, so it descends slowly and lightly to where being unknown.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of practical, intelligent degree height, GPS multifunctional turbulent sonde and measuring method thereof easy to use for overcoming weak point of the prior art.
GPS multifunctional turbulent sonde comprises sensing element, signal transformation part and the emission element of serial connection successively, and the power supply that is electrically connected with above-mentioned each parts, wherein, sensing element contains temperature fluctuation sensor, barometric pressure sensor and atmosphere temperature transducer, emission element contains transmitter, particularly (a) said sensing element also contains the GPS sensor, is used for changing the coordinate quantitative change of tested point into electric signal; (b) said signal transformation part contains analog to digital converter MAX197 and single chip computer AT 89C2051, is used for the converting electrical signal of sensing element output is become digital signal and it is carried out computing, analysis and coding; (c) said emission element also contains level translator, is used for converting the frequency signal after the signal transformation part processing to transmitter required level.
As the further improvement of GPS multifunctional turbulent sonde, described GPS sensor is the miniature GPS receiver of Trimble company; The pin of the analog to digital converter MAX197 of described signal transformation part
Figure A20061009773100051
Figure A20061009773100052
With Difference jointing temp fluctuation sensor, barometric pressure sensor and atmosphere temperature transducer, be used to receive the simulating signal that the sensor is sent here, 2. the pin of single chip computer AT 89C2051 connects the GPS sensor, be used for directly obtaining the digital signal of satnav, the control port pin of single chip computer AT 89C2051 8., 6., 7. and
Figure A20061009773100054
With the control port of analog to digital converter MAX197 3., 4., 5. and
Figure A20061009773100055
Pin connects, and is used to control the signal that analog to digital converter MAX197 timesharing receives each sensor, the number ground bus port of analog to digital converter MAX197 7.~
Figure A20061009773100056
Pin connects the number ground bus port pin of single-chip microcomputer AT89C2051
Figure A20061009773100057
Be used for will conversion digital signal export single chip computer AT 89C2051 to, the output port pin of single chip computer AT 89C2051 9. sending and receiving is penetrated the input end of parts, is used to export the frequency signal after the processing; Described level translator is a voltage amplifier; 4., 5. and be connected to sheet external clock oscillator 10. the pin of described single chip computer AT 89C2051 is used to adjust the frequency of operation of single chip computer AT 89C2051.
The measuring method of GPS multifunctional turbulent sonde comprises the signal and the output digital signal of receiving sensor, particularly it is finished according to the following steps: set the timeslice of pick-up transducers output, the number of times of collection respectively, produce the time reference of an acquisition time and the time period that the maximum sensor of times of collection is exported, wherein, gather 500 times for turbulent flow, gather respectively 16 times for air pressure and temperature, gather 1 time for GPS; According to the object of pick-up transducers, determine the collection scale-up factor between each sensor, produce the work schedule of an acquisition time, wherein, gathering scale-up factor is that one group, GPS come definite for another group with turbulent flow, air pressure and temperature; The data that convert digital signal to are handled, promptly ask its variance for the data of turbulent flow, data for air pressure and temperature, sort by size, after casting out end to end each data once, ask its average, for the data of GPS, keep and by itself and the data computation air-out that last time kept to and wind speed; By gathering scale-up factor, be sent to the emission element emission after treated digital coding become frequency signal.。
As the further improvement of the measuring method of GPS multifunctional turbulent sonde, the collection scale-up factor between described turbulent flow, air pressure and temperature groups and GPS group is 10: 1; Described frequency signal be encoded to the square-wave signal that is compiled into 2KHz and 2.4KHz that 0 in the data and 1 are corresponding respectively.
Beneficial effect with respect to prior art is, one, the GPS sensor that in sensing element, increases newly, by it with the residing at that time accurate coordinates direct information of sonde signal transformation part, both expanded the function of sonde, make its can be organically in conjunction with the turbulent flow that records, air pressure and temperature and accurately draw the turbulent flow of atmosphere on the definite position height of the sonde earth of living in when measuring, air pressure and temperature value, promoted the practicality of sonde again, turbulent flow is provided with settling at one go in real time comprehensively, all information of air pressure and temperature, do not need afterwards or separately again in conjunction with the turbulent flow of sonde emptying zone recording, the information of air pressure and temperature is integrated, also improved the measuring accuracy of sonde, the error accumulation when having avoided afterwards or again metrical information having been integrated separately; They are two years old, use analog to digital converter MAX197 and single chip computer AT 89C2051 as signal transformation part, greatly improved the intelligent degree of sonde, it can not only be to the turbulent flow that records, the information of air pressure and temperature is asked its variance respectively, the calculation process of average, to improve the degree of accuracy of measuring, can also calculate the wind direction and the wind speed at place, sonde present position according to the information of GPS in real time voluntarily, promptly the information by twice GPS draws the distance that sonde moves, the orientation, and calculate wind direction and wind speed in view of the above, and be about to the digital signal encoding that obtains of handling subsequently and send the transmitter emission, so that required information is known on ground at once; Its three, easy to use, sonde as long as one the lift-off, no matter where waft, the person of letting fly away knows all where it is positioned at; They are four years old, the program of the method for work of having stationed among the single chip computer AT 89C2051, except that sonde of the present invention is had the intelligentized function, and the modularization of the program of its host computer is improved, control algolithm, travelling speed also become simple and have obtained bigger raising; Its five, use software that treated digital coding is become frequency signal, and directly remove modulation transmitter with this frequency signal, outside the function of decapacitation realization modulation transmitter, also save modulator block, simplified the structure of complete machine, reduced cost.
Further embodiment as beneficial effect, the one, the miniature GPS receiver of selecting Trimble company for use is as the GPS sensor, bring into play the characteristics that it is suitable for all kinds of embedded mobile device, handheld device use fully, it is connected with single chip computer AT 89C2051, both obtained the information of coordinate in real time, satisfied the desirability little, low in energy consumption of sonde volume again, working stability, characteristics that cost of manufacture is low have also been arranged; The 2nd, serve as the main signal transformation part that constitutes with analog to digital converter MAX197 and single chip computer AT 89C2051, make that it has possessed that function is strong, easy programming, power consumption are low, working stability, compatible characteristics such as good; The 3rd, level translator adopts voltage amplifier 8050, makes the TTL signal of 0~5v that single chip computer AT 89C2051 exports to be complementary by ± 12v input signal required with transmitter, is easy to transmitter and transmits without distortion; The 4th, 4., 5. and the sheet external clock oscillator that is connected to 10. the pin of single chip computer AT 89C2051 makes the work adjustment of signal transformation part become simple; The 5th, the collection scale-up factor between turbulent flow, air pressure and temperature groups and GPS group is 10: 1 a ratio, has satisfied the accuracy requirement of precise positions to kinetic measurement turbulent flow, air pressure and temperature in the atmosphere fully; The 6th, frequency signal be encoded to the square-wave signal that is compiled into 2KHz and 2.4KHz that 0 in the data and 1 are corresponding respectively, make its frequency identical with the employed detuner of existing ground receiving equipment, taken into account compatibility fully with existing device.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing optimal way of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is a kind of basic circuit principle schematic of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the workflow diagram of measuring method of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is to use the temperature fluctuation figure in the area, Hefei, applicant place that the present invention records, and wherein, (a) figure is C 2 nVertical Profile original graph, (b) figure C 2 nRunning mean figure;
Fig. 4 is to use the air pressure profile figure in the area, Hefei, applicant place that the present invention records;
Fig. 5 is to use the temperature profile figure in the area, Hefei, applicant place that the present invention records.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, GPS multifunctional turbulent sonde comprises a sensing element 1 of being made up of temperature fluctuation sensor 11, barometric pressure sensor 12, atmosphere temperature transducer 13 and GPS sensor 14, is used for changing the physical quantity and the coordinate quantitative change of tested point into electric signal; A signal transformation part 2 that contains analog to digital converter MAX197 and single chip computer AT 89C2051 is used for the converting electrical signal of sensing element 1 output is become digital signal and it is carried out computing, analysis and coding; An emission element 3 that contains level translator and transmitter 31, the frequency signal after being used for signal transformation part 2 handled convert the required level of transmitter 31 to and launch; A power supply 4.This power supply 4 is electrically connected with sensing element 1, signal transformation part 2 and emission element 3 respectively.Wherein, the pin of analog to digital converter MAX197
Figure A20061009773100071
Figure A20061009773100072
With
Figure A20061009773100073
Respectively jointing temp fluctuation sensor 11, barometric pressure sensor 12 and atmosphere temperature transducer 13 are used to receive the analog electrical signal of temperature fluctuation, air pressure and temperature that above-mentioned three sensors send here.2. the pin of single chip computer AT 89C2051 connects GPS sensor 14, is used for directly obtaining the digital signal of satnav; Wherein, GPS sensor 14 is selected the miniature GPS receiver of Trimble company for use.The control port pin of single chip computer AT 89C2051 8., 6., 7. and
Figure A20061009773100081
With the control port of analog to digital converter MAX197 3., 4., 5. and
Figure A20061009773100082
Pin connects, and is used to control the signal that analog to digital converter MAX197 receives temperature fluctuation sensor 11 or barometric pressure sensor 12 or atmosphere temperature transducer 13 or GPS sensor 14 at times.The number ground bus port of analog to digital converter MAX197 7.~
Figure A20061009773100083
Pin connects the number ground bus port pin of single-chip microcomputer AT89C2051 Be used for to convert the temperature fluctuation of digital form to or the signal of air pressure or temperature or coordinate exports single chip computer AT 89C2051 to.9. the output port pin of single chip computer AT 89C2051 connects transmitter 31 behind the voltage amplifier 8050 as level translator, be used to export the frequency signal after the processing.4., 5. and be connected to sheet external clock oscillator 10. the pin of single chip computer AT 89C2051 is used to adjust its frequency of operation.
Referring to Fig. 2, the workflow of the measuring method of GPS multifunctional turbulent sonde is as follows: after the energising of GPS multifunctional turbulent sonde, single chip computer AT 89C2051 is to each subroutine of having stationed in its own functional part and the internal memory, and analog to digital converter MAX197 presets initial value, promptly set its initialization state, set the timing interrupting value of 10ms as giving 16 timers/counter, with timeslice as the acquisition time data, to the counter of collecting temperature pulsation, air pressure, temperature and coordinate respectively assignment be 500,16,16 and 1 etc. (step 110).Then, in step 120, single chip computer AT 89C2051 is divided into one group, the collection of GPS with the collection of turbulent flow, air pressure and temperature and is divided into another group, and the collection scale-up factor between two groups is defined as 10: 1, is 10 to gathering scale-up factor counter I assignment promptly.Afterwards, does single chip computer AT 89C2051 check that the value of temperature fluctuation counter equals 0 (step 130)? promptly for turbulent flow, whether gathered 500 times and computing intact.If non-, then continue the data of collecting temperature fluctuation sensor 11.If the value of temperature fluctuation counter has equaled 0, then call and calculate variance 1/m * ∑ (T 1-T 2) 2 subroutine, to obtain the variance of the temperature fluctuation data of having gathered, the T in the formula 1, T 2The temperature difference (directly being exported by temperature fluctuation sensor 11), the n that are at 2 are the number that collects, and now are 500.Then, in step 140, send turbulent flow emission working area storage with the variance yields of turbulent flow.Then, does single chip computer AT 89C2051 check that the value of air pressure counter equals 0 (step 150)? promptly for air pressure, whether gathered 16 times and computing intact.If non-, then the data of barometric pressure sensor 12 are gathered in continuation.If the value of air pressure counter has equaled 0, then the data with the air pressure that collects sort by its size, after casting out end to end each data once, ask its average.Afterwards, in step 160, the average of the air pressure Hair Fixer of supplying gas is penetrated working area storage.Then, does single chip computer AT 89C2051 check that the value of temperature counter equals 0 (step 170)? promptly for temperature, whether gathered 16 times and computing intact.If non-, as then to continue to gather atmosphere temperature transducer 13 data.If the value of temperature counter has equaled 0, then the data with the temperature that collects sort by its size, after casting out end to end each data once, ask its average.Afterwards, in step 180, send temperature emission working area storage with the average of temperature.Then, in step 190, after being encoded into frequency signal, the average that single chip computer AT 89C2051 launches variance yields, air pressure and the temperature of the turbulent flow of storing in working area, air pressure emission working area and the temperature emission working area with turbulent flow is sent to the emission element emission, wherein, frequency signal is encoded to the square-wave signal that is compiled into 2KHz and 2.4KHz that 0 and 1 in variance yields and the mean data is corresponding respectively.Afterwards, does single chip computer AT 89C2051 check that the value of gathering scale-up factor counter I equals 0 (step 200)? promptly whether carried out 10 times for the collection that with turbulent flow, air pressure and temperature is a group? if it is non-, then go back to step 130, continue to gather the data union of turbulent flow, air pressure and temperature.If yes, then gather the data of GPS sensor 14, after the data that collect are kept, again it is calculated wind direction and wind speed with the data that last time keep, afterwards, be sent to the emission element emission after being encoded into frequency signal in step 210.Then, single chip computer AT 89C2051 turns to step 130 to continue the processing of a new round.The ground receiving station just can obtain as Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and temperature fluctuation, air pressure profile and temperature profile figure shown in Figure 5 after receiving the signal of sonde emission.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification to GPS multifunctional turbulent sonde of the present invention and measuring method thereof and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if of the present invention these are revised and modification belongs within the scope of claim of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention also is intended to comprise these changes and modification interior.

Claims (8)

1. GPS multifunctional turbulent sonde, comprise sensing element (1), signal transformation part (2) and the emission element (3) of serial connection successively, and the power supply (4) that is electrically connected with above-mentioned each parts, wherein, sensing element (1) contains temperature fluctuation sensor (11), barometric pressure sensor (12) and atmosphere temperature transducer (13), emission element (3) contains transmitter (31), it is characterized in that:
(a) said sensing element (1) also contains GPS sensor (14), is used for changing the coordinate quantitative change of tested point into electric signal;
(b) said signal transformation part (2) contains analog to digital converter MAX197 and single chip computer AT 89C2051, is used for the converting electrical signal of sensing element (1) output is become digital signal and it is carried out computing, analysis and coding;
(c) said emission element (3) also contains level translator, is used for converting the frequency signal after signal transformation part (2) processing to transmitter (31) required level.
2. GPS multifunctional turbulent sonde according to claim 1 is characterized in that GPS sensor (14) is the miniature GPS receiver of Trimble company.
3. GPS multifunctional turbulent sonde according to claim 1 is characterized in that the pin of the analog to digital converter MAX197 of signal transformation part (2)
Figure A2006100977310002C1
Figure A2006100977310002C2
With
Figure A2006100977310002C3
Jointing temp fluctuation sensor (11), barometric pressure sensor (12) and atmosphere temperature transducer (13) are used to receive the simulating signal that the sensor is sent here respectively; 2. the pin of single chip computer AT 89C2051 connects GPS sensor (14), is used for directly obtaining the digital signal of satnav; The control port pin of single chip computer AT 89C2051 8., 6., 7. and
Figure A2006100977310002C4
With the control port of analog to digital converter MAX197 3., 4., 5. and
Figure A2006100977310002C5
Pin connects, and is used to control the signal that analog to digital converter MAX197 timesharing receives each sensor; The number ground bus port of analog to digital converter MAX197 7.~
Figure A2006100977310002C6
Pin connects the number ground bus port pin of single-chip microcomputer AT89C2051
Figure A2006100977310002C7
Figure A2006100977310002C8
, be used for exporting the digital signal of conversion to single chip computer AT 89C2051; The output port pin of single chip computer AT 89C2051 9. sending and receiving is penetrated the input end of parts (3), is used to export the frequency signal after the processing.
4. GPS multifunctional turbulent sonde according to claim 3 is characterized in that level translator is a voltage amplifier 8050.
5. 4., 5. and be connected to sheet external clock oscillator 10. GPS multifunctional turbulent sonde according to claim 1, the pin that it is characterized in that single chip computer AT 89C2051 are used to adjust the frequency of operation of single chip computer AT 89C2051.
6. the measuring method of GPS multifunctional turbulent sonde according to claim 1 comprises the signal of receiving sensor and exports digital signal, it is characterized in that:
Set the timeslice of pick-up transducers output, the number of times of collection respectively, produce the time reference of an acquisition time and the time period that the maximum sensor of times of collection is exported, wherein, gather 500 times for turbulent flow, gather respectively 16 times for air pressure and temperature, gather 1 time for GPS;
According to the object of pick-up transducers, determine the collection scale-up factor between each sensor, produce the work schedule of an acquisition time, wherein, gathering scale-up factor is that one group, GPS come definite for another group with turbulent flow, air pressure and temperature;
The data that convert digital signal to are handled, promptly ask its variance for the data of turbulent flow, data for air pressure and temperature, sort by size, after casting out end to end each data once, ask its average, for the data of GPS, keep and by itself and the data computation air-out that last time kept to and wind speed;
By gathering scale-up factor, be sent to the emission element emission after treated digital coding become frequency signal.
7. the measuring method of GPS multifunctional turbulent sonde according to claim 6 is characterized in that the collection scale-up factor between turbulent flow, air pressure and temperature groups and GPS group is 10: 1.
8. the measuring method of GPS multifunctional turbulent sonde according to claim 6 is characterized in that the square-wave signal that is compiled into 2KHz and 2.4KHz that being encoded to of frequency signal is corresponding respectively with 0 in the data and 1.
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CN104777126A (en) * 2015-02-13 2015-07-15 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 High-detection-precision sounding apparatus and method for vertical profile of atmospheric CO2
CN108369243A (en) * 2015-12-07 2018-08-03 乐天株式会社 Wind estimating system, wind method of estimation and program
CN106772694A (en) * 2016-12-16 2017-05-31 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 A kind of turbulence intensity vertical distribution measurement and turbulent flow profile Radar Calibration method
CN110568779A (en) * 2019-08-29 2019-12-13 南宁学院 control system sensing data processing method
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CN114526828A (en) * 2022-01-28 2022-05-24 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 High-speed temperature pulsation measuring instrument and method for balloon sounding platform

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