CN1011821B - Relative-rotating angle-measuring method using long raster set - Google Patents
Relative-rotating angle-measuring method using long raster setInfo
- Publication number
- CN1011821B CN1011821B CN 88108061 CN88108061A CN1011821B CN 1011821 B CN1011821 B CN 1011821B CN 88108061 CN88108061 CN 88108061 CN 88108061 A CN88108061 A CN 88108061A CN 1011821 B CN1011821 B CN 1011821B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- angle
- grating
- value
- gratings
- small angle
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a novel angle measurement application technology in the field precise metering tests, which is characterized in that the relative rotation of a pair of long grating pairs is used for measuring an angle; movement gratings of the long grating pairs are arranged on a rotary arm which rotates around a fixed shaft; Moire fringe information generated on a fixed indication grating window is input into a computer when the rotary arm rotates and calculated according to a fixed program; then a high-precision, stable and reliable value of a small angle is obtained. The present invention can be made into a small angle generator for testing a precise self-collimation instrument and a level instrument, or the small angle generator is arranged on a multi-tooth indexing table as a small angle subdividing reading device, or the movement gratings are vertically arranged on the rotary arm to be made into a lever type micro-measurement meter. The present invention is convenient to realize digitization and automation, has no specific requirements for the operation environment and has the advantages of low cost and convenient popularization.
Description
The invention belongs to new test angle-measuring method in the metrological testing technology field.It is characterized in that realizing low-angle metering and test with the relatively rotating of long raster set.The present invention includes computing two parts of test and computing machine.
Mainly contain following several to low-angle precision measurement method both at home and abroad at present: one, utilize the sine principle angle measurement: lay two accurate dial gauges on the next door of a horizontal rigid body beam.Usually with bird formula interferometer or vertical optical meter, one of them is used for nulling, keeps beam motionless in its oscillation centre when transverse axis swings up and down, and another then is used to refer to the chord length of swing, the angle value that just can obtain swinging according to the ratio of chord length and brachium.The angle measurement scope of this method is limit by the range of dial gauge, be to enlarge the angle measurement scope, still need fill up precision gage block with different size to remedy the deficiency of dial gauge range below the gauge rod of dial gauge.Though this instrument precision is higher, structure is complicated, the cost height, and reading is not directly perceived, inconvenience and computer interconnection, and operating process is loaded down with trivial details.Two, utilize the laser interferance method angle measurement: this method measuring accuracy height, measurement range is also bigger, also be convenient to realize and computer interconnection, but structure is more complicated, and cost is higher, requires also very harsh to test environment.Three, utilize grating angle measurement its cost in garden expensive more, generally be used for surveying full week the test at angle arbitrarily in (360 °) angle.
The object of the present invention is to provide the low-angle new method-long raster set of a kind of measurement to relatively rotate angle-measuring method.This method is simple in structure, and measuring sensor has only two length of a film gratings.Thereby cost is low.Because its chain tape is extremely short, and contactless and friction in chain tape, thereby the measuring accuracy height, reliable and stable.Angle measurement scope of the present invention depends on the grating constant of used grating, is generally about 1 °.
Application to long raster set at present is only limited to the measurement length displacement; Relatively rotating angle measurement with long raster set is not studied or uses by people as yet.The principle of this angle-measuring method is shown in accompanying drawing-(a).Pivot arm 1 rotates around stationary shaft 2, and drive rotates with the moving grating G2 of pivoted arm positioned vertical, and fixing four-light schistostoma phase indication grating C1 has little gap and arranged parallel with respect to moving grating C2.
By the emitted directional light vertical irradiation of light source 3 scioptics 4 in long raster set G
1, G
2Delineation face.Light is by long raster set G
1, G
2The Moire fringe change information of Xing Chenging is by one group of corresponding photovalve 5 (corresponding indication grating G that receives afterwards
1Each window one photovalve is arranged).Indication grating G
1Four windows by grating length direction line spread, promptly vertical with the delineation direction of grating.Indication grating G in the four-light mouth
1The phase place of delineation is followed successively by pi/2, and 0, π and 3 pi/2s.When grating is paid G
1With G
2When relatively rotating, receive the Moire fringe information of four variations by photovalve 5.Analyze (theoretical derivation is partly seen Appendix) by paying a upright leaf optical theory, 0 with the π phase window on the information that obtained after by difference be:
Vs
1＝λFs（θ）·Sin（ (2πRQ)/(d) ）……（1）
Information on pi/2 and the 3 pi/2 windows after by difference is:
Vc＝λFc（θ）·Cos（ (2πRθ)/(d) ）……（2）
A is the constant relevant with specific device in the formula;
R is the vertical range of window center line to center of rotation;
θ is long raster set G
1, G
2Relative rotation (i.e. the grid line angle of two gratings);
Fe(θ), Fc(θ) be respectively the which amplitude modulation factor of sine function and cosine function in formula (1) and the formula (2).They and window size h, b and position e thereof
1Or e
2, grating constant d, and the relative rotation θ that grating is paid is relevant.After the structure that grating is paid was determined, they were function (see Appendix middle formula (14) or (16) of rotational angle theta.Its h, b, e
1And e
2See accompanying drawing 1(a) and (b) shown in.
Theory and practice proves, modulating function Fe(θ) with fc(θ) variation in the angle measurement scope is quite mild, amplitude with previous cycle sine (or cosine) function in the angle measurement process is AFs(θ) [or AFc(θ)], replacing thereafter, the error that amplitude produced of one-period is negligible.Accompanying drawing 2 is the oscillogram that changes with rotational angle theta for Vs and the Vc that obtains on storage oscilloscope, accompanying drawing 2(a) for measuring the gamut oscillogram, (b) be the local oscillogram of launching.They and theoretical analysis promptly are consistent with formula (2) with formula (1).
In this angle-measuring method, use an one-chip computer to do the information processing of photosignal.The process of finding the solution rotational angle theta on single-chip microcomputer mainly may further comprise the steps:
1. to two paths of signals Vs and Vc continuous sampling, get its extreme value and be current AFs(θ) and AFc(θ) value.Trial run before measurement can guarantee that this step is ahead of other step.
2. behind operation program, obtain Vs/AFs(θ) and Vc/AFc(θ) value.
3. by above-mentioned value, the degree through looking into arcsin function or inverse cosine function table obtains the value of 2 π (R)/(d) θ.
4. just can obtain the θ value by further operation program.
The processing speed of single-chip microcomputer can satisfy the general test requirement fully, can provide high-resolution numeral simultaneously and show, is convenient to and other computer interconnection.Utilize the technology of the present invention angle measurement cost low in addition, environment for use there is not specific (special) requirements.
Utilize this method angle measurement, its precision depends on that R(is as accompanying drawing 1(a) and (b) shown in) the delineation precision of value and grating, measurement range depends on the incisure density of used grating and the height of window.Incisure density as grating is 50/mm, and during h=2mm, measurement range is 40 ' (reducing then as h, measurement range can further enlarge), and when at this moment R got 200mm, can obtain was 0.3 second precision; R can obtain 0.15 second precision when getting 400mm.The R value is got bigger value as far as possible under the condition that physical construction allows, but the incisure density of grating is generally got 50/mm or 100/mm.
Utilize angle measurement technique of the present invention can make small-angle generator, as low-angle transmission benchmark; Be used for examining and determine accurate autocollimator and level meter; Or, provide low-angle segmentation reading as parts of multiteeth indexing table; Simultaneously also can utilize the principle of this method to make rothotest, the moving grating positioned vertical at this moment then grating being paid is made the lever test table on the rotating lever arm, with the delicate metering of its simple structure realization to the tiny length size.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of long raster set relatively rotates the method for angle measurement, it is characterized in that having following steps:
(1). moving grating is placed in an end of the pivot arm that rotates around stationary shaft, when the pivot arm motion, make moving grating and in parallel and when having four split phase indicative gratings of little gap, fixed in position to relatively rotate, moire frange signal on four split phase indicative gratings symmetry window obtains two nearly orthogonal signals after opto-electronic conversion and difference:
V
s=A·Fs(θ)·sin( (2πRθ)/(d) )
Vc=A·Fc(θ)·cos( (2πRθ)/(d) )
θ is the relative rotation of grating in the formula;
A is a constant;
R is the vertical range of window center line to center of rotation;
D is a grating constant;
Fe (θ), Fc (θ) just is being respectively, the which amplitude modulation function of cosine signal;
(2). by the peak value sampling of computing machine, obtain at that time signal Vs, Vc
AFe (θ) and AFe (θ) value, sampling obtains Vs, Vc value at any time again.
Through the computing of Vs/AFe (θ) and Vc/AFc (θ), obtain the value of Sin ((2 π R θ)/(d)) and cos ((2 π R θ)/(d)), handle obtaining Q angle value through inverse trigonometric function;
(3). show or the printout angle value by display.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88108061 CN1011821B (en) | 1988-11-26 | 1988-11-26 | Relative-rotating angle-measuring method using long raster set |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88108061 CN1011821B (en) | 1988-11-26 | 1988-11-26 | Relative-rotating angle-measuring method using long raster set |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1032976A CN1032976A (en) | 1989-05-17 |
| CN1011821B true CN1011821B (en) | 1991-02-27 |
Family
ID=4834900
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88108061 Expired CN1011821B (en) | 1988-11-26 | 1988-11-26 | Relative-rotating angle-measuring method using long raster set |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1011821B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104764419A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-07-08 | 江苏大学 | Vehicle angle sensor system based on laser source |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1295483C (en) * | 2004-05-12 | 2007-01-17 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Auto-collimation interference measurement system for three dimensional angular distortion of object |
| CN106767542B (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2019-02-01 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | The contactless torsion angle measuring system of one kind and measurement method |
| CN113639674B (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-01-14 | 成都宏明电子股份有限公司 | Non-contact rotary potentiometer based on light refraction principle |
-
1988
- 1988-11-26 CN CN 88108061 patent/CN1011821B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104764419A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-07-08 | 江苏大学 | Vehicle angle sensor system based on laser source |
| CN104764419B (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2017-11-17 | 江苏大学 | A kind of vehicle corner sensor system based on LASER Light Source |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1032976A (en) | 1989-05-17 |
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