The WB36 steel welds with ultralow hydrogen basic electrode
Technical field
Belong to the welding field in the Materials Processing Engineering, this invention is mainly used in the welding of WB36 steel.
Background technology
WB36 (15NiCuMoNb5) steel is to add the Ni-Cu-Mo alloy development to get up on the basis of carbon manganese steel.The characteristics of this steel are the intensity height, and yield limit improves about 60% than St45.8/II I steel than high about 30%~40%, the 260 ℃ allowable stress of steel such as St45.8/III, and serviceability temperature is about 300 ℃ usually, reaches as high as 400 ℃.Be widely used in high pressure and boiling water zone, water supply system and the water vapour bag of steam generator, alternative St45.8/III, A106B, steel grades such as 20G, it is about 15% ~ 30% that wall thickness is reduced, and is adiabator in the desirable first-selection of high parameter power station and station boiler.
Since introducing the WB36 steel first on the 600MW supercritical unit of certain power plant's second phase at home the eighties, become the novel power station steel that China's recent two decades is widelyd popularize, be that the newly-built 300WM of China is subcritical, 600WM is overcritical, preferred, the first-selected steel grade in main feed water pipe road in the critical unit of 1000WM super (surpassing).Since dropping into operation, behaviour in service is good always, though the production domesticization work of WB36 steel begins, used a large amount of WB36 steel are dependence on import still.Because the welding material that does not match causes a lot of units to use different welding materials to carry out the test and the engineering welding of WB36 steel, this will stay great potential safety hazard for the long-term safety operation in power station.
At this situation, develop that every performance indications reach or near external like product level and the WB36 steel is complementary, low-cost welding material is necessary, to changing the present situation of the complete dependence on import of WB36 steel welding material, the selection of the domestic WB36 steel of standard welding material is used, realize the production domesticization of WB36 steel welding material and to promoting national wlding industrial development, advance the broader applications of WB36 steel in China power station, save foreign exchange, reduce construction cost, eliminate safe hidden trouble, have important practical significance and remarkable economic efficiency.
Relevant patent and bibliographical information are not seen in the development of WB36 steel electrode at home and abroad as yet.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to solve the prescription problem of WB36 welding rod, selected for use by CaCO
3-CaF
2-SiO
2The alkaline low-hydrogen type slag system of forming is as development covering of an electrode type, and the effective measures of the content of diffusible hydrogen in the restriction weld metal have been taked, make it be controlled at 5mL/100g (mercury process), and a kind of silica slag system WB36 steel welding ultralow hydrogen type electrode is provided with interior ultralow hydrogen scope.
WB36 steel provided by the invention welds with ultralow hydrogen basic electrode, the prescription that it is characterized in that electrode coating contains following substances by mass percent: 2~10% ferromanganese, 4~6% ferrosilicon, 1~2% aluminium, 2% aluminium, 1~4% nickel powder, 3~8% quartz, 1~3% ferro-niobium, 0.5~2.5% vanadium iron, 0.5~3% copper powder, 20~30% fluorites, 35~45% marbles.
Wherein the effect of each composition is as follows:
Ferromanganese: deoxidation, transition metal manganese in weld seam plays the welding seam alloying effect, and it mainly acts on also is to strengthen the intensity that improves weld metal.Mn can reduce austenite to ferritic phase transition temperature, suppresses austenite phase transformation to pro-eutectoid ferrite and ferrite side plate under higher temperature, promotes the formation of acicular ferrite, when improving weld metal intensity, improves the toughness of weld metal.
Ferrosilicon: deoxidation, transition silicon in weld seam, butt welded seam metal strengthening simultaneously.
Aluminium: deoxidation.
Nickel powder: alloying action is transition nickel in weld seam, adds a certain amount of Ni and help improving weld metal impact flexibility, offsets simultaneously because the red crisp trend of high temperature that the existence of Cu brings.
Quartzy: slag making, the viscosity of adjustment coating.
Ferro-niobium: alloying action, transition niobium in weld seam.
Vanadium iron: alloying action, transition vanadium in weld seam.
Copper powder: alloying action, transition copper in weld seam adds a certain amount of Cu and reaches the precipitation solution strengthening by its precipitate, with the elevated temperature strength of raising material, and the corrosion resistance of raising steel.
Fluorite: slag making, dehydrogenation improves the viscosity of slag etc.
Marble: slag making, gas making, stabilising arc, refinement molten drop.
Thereby the main task of Welding Metallurgy be deoxidation and in weld seam the transition alloy make weld seam obtain good comprehensive mechanical properties.Because selected preferred metal powder and alloyed powder coupling, slag making, gas-forming substance and the arc stabilizer of adding appropriateness make welding rod obtain the favorable manufacturability energy; The cladding metal ingredient of welding rod and mechanical property and processing performance see Table 1, and diffusible hydrogen content sees Table 2.
The development usability of electrode can be good, the development welding rod have splash little, the molten bath good fluidity, slag covers evenly, appearance of weld is careful, attractive in appearance, takes off good welding procedure characteristics such as slag is easy, and the deposited metal diffusible hydrogen content of development welding rod has obtained effective control, the deposited metal diffusible hydrogen content is 4.1mL/100g, meets ultralow hydrogen standard-required.
Preparation method of the present invention adopts prior art, may further comprise the steps:
1, suppresses medication powder according to the welding rod coating recipe preparation electrode coating of development.
2, the production of welding rod is produced in electrode extrusion press, adds the medicinal powder according to the formulated of development in extrusion press, uses common welding rod to be pressed into the welding rod product with steel core H08Mn2SiA.
The specific embodiment
All embodiment welding rods all are to be made by the common welding rod extrusion press:
1. select for use Φ 2.5H08Mn2SiA to make steel core.Get 80 gram ferromanganese, 55 gram ferrosilicon, 15 gram aluminium, 30 gram nickel powders, 60 quartz, 22 gram ferro-niobiums, 20 gram vanadium iron, 20 gram copper powders, 290 gram fluorites, 408 gram marbles are totally 1000 grams and waterglass 40 grams, put into mixed powder machine and mix 10 minutes, then mixed-powder added in the electrode extrusion press.Be pressed into welding rod, welding condition is: welding rod oven dry (℃ h): 350 * 2; Preheat temperature (℃): 120~150; Interlayer temperature (℃): 200~250; Welding current (A): 110~130; Weldingvoltage (V): 25~28; Post weld heat treatment standard (℃ h): 600 * 2; Programming rate (℃/h): 100~120; Cooling rate (℃/h): 120~150.Mechanical property the results are shown in Table 3, diffusible hydrogen content sees Table 4.
2. select for use Φ 3.2H08Mn2SiA to make steel core.Get 98 gram ferromanganese, 40 gram ferrosilicon, 20 gram aluminium, 33 gram nickel powders, 67 grams are quartzy, 25 gram ferro-niobiums, 25 gram vanadium iron, 12 gram copper powders, 280 gram fluorites, 400 gram marbles are totally 1000 grams and waterglass 60 grams, put into mixed powder machine and mix 10 minutes, then mixed-powder added in the electrode extrusion press.Be pressed into welding rod, welding condition is: welding rod oven dry (℃ h): 350 * 2; Preheat temperature (℃): 120~150; Interlayer temperature (℃): 200~250; Welding current (A): 110~130; Weldingvoltage (V): 25~28; Post weld heat treatment standard (℃ h): 600 * 2; Programming rate (℃/h): 100~120; Cooling rate (℃/h): 120~150.Mechanical property the results are shown in Table 5, diffusible hydrogen content sees Table 6.
3. select for use Φ 4.0H08Mn2SiA to make steel core.Get 98 gram ferromanganese, 57 gram ferrosilicon, 10 gram aluminium, 10 gram nickel powders, 30 quartz, 10 gram ferro-niobiums, 5 gram vanadium iron, 30 gram copper powders, 300 gram fluorites, 382 marbles are totally 1000 grams and waterglass 80 grams, put into and mix powder machine mixing 10 minutes, then mixed-powder added in the electrode extrusion press.Be pressed into welding rod, welding condition is: welding rod oven dry (℃ h): 350 * 2; Preheat temperature (℃): 120~150; Interlayer temperature (℃): 200~250; Welding current (A): 110~130; Weldingvoltage (V): 25~28; Post weld heat treatment standard (℃ h): 600 * 2; Programming rate (℃/h): 100~120; Cooling rate (℃/h): 120~150.Mechanical property the results are shown in Table 7, diffusible hydrogen content sees Table 8.
4. select for use Φ 3.2H08Mn2SiA to make steel core.Get 20 gram ferromanganese, 50 gram ferrosilicon, 20 gram aluminium, 40 gram nickel powders, 80 grams are quartzy, 30 gram ferro-niobiums, 25 gram vanadium iron, 5 gram copper powders, 280 gram fluorites, 450 gram marbles are totally 1000 grams and waterglass 60 grams, put into mixed powder machine and mix 10 minutes, then mixed-powder added in the electrode extrusion press.Be pressed into welding rod, welding condition is: welding rod oven dry (℃ h): 350 * 2; Preheat temperature (℃): 120~150; Interlayer temperature (℃): 200~250; Welding current (A): 110~130; Weldingvoltage (V): 25~28; Post weld heat treatment standard (℃ h): 600 * 2; Programming rate (℃/h): 100~120; Cooling rate (℃/h): 120~150.Mechanical property the results are shown in Table 9, diffusible hydrogen content sees Table 10.
5. select for use Φ 4.0H08Mn2SiA to make steel core.Get 100 gram ferromanganese, 60 gram ferrosilicon, 20 gram aluminium, 40 gram nickel powders, 80 quartz, 15 gram ferro-niobiums, 5 gram vanadium iron, 30 gram copper powders, 300 gram fluorites, 350 marbles are totally 1000 grams and waterglass 80 grams, put into and mix powder machine mixing 10 minutes, then mixed-powder added in the electrode extrusion press.Be pressed into welding rod, welding condition is: welding rod oven dry (℃ h): 350 * 2; Preheat temperature (℃): 120~150; Interlayer temperature (℃): 200~250; Welding current (A): 110~130; Weldingvoltage (V): 25~28; Post weld heat treatment standard (℃ h): 600 * 2; Programming rate (℃/h): 100~120; Cooling rate (℃/h): 120~150.Mechanical property the results are shown in Table 11, diffusible hydrogen content sees Table 12.
Table 1 cladding metal ingredient, mechanical property and processing performance
Mechanical property |
Tensile strength Rm (MPa) |
Yield strength Rp
0.2(MPa)
|
Percentage elongation A (%) |
Contraction percentage of area Z (%) |
Impact absorbing energy Akv (J) |
Room temperature |
-20℃ |
Mechanical properties value |
770 |
625 |
21.5 |
69.5 |
167,152,157,155,162 |
105,109,124,119,100 |
Technology category |
The coating type |
The usability of electrode energy |
Overall merit |
Arc-stabilising |
Formability |
The removability of slag |
Restarting |
Fume amount |
The degree of splashing |
Performance characteristic |
Alkaline low-hydrogen |
Stable |
Attractive in appearance |
Good |
Easily |
Less |
Less |
Well |
The diffusible hydrogen content (mL/100g) of table 2 welding rod deposited metal
Sample |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
Mean value |
Content |
3.77 |
5.02 |
4.02 |
3.65 |
4.10 |
Table 3 cladding metal ingredient, mechanical property and processing performance
Mechanical property |
Tensile strength Rm (MPa) |
Yield strength Rp
0.2(MPa)
|
Percentage elongation A (%) |
Contraction percentage of area Z (%) |
Impact absorbing energy Akv (J) |
Room temperature |
-20℃ |
Mechanical properties value |
772 |
620 |
23.5 |
68.5 |
166,156,157,158,152 |
104,110,123 ,110,115 |
Technology category |
The coating type |
The usability of electrode energy |
Overall merit |
Arc-stabilising |
Formability |
The removability of slag |
Restarting |
Fume amount |
The degree of splashing |
Performance characteristic |
Alkaline low-hydrogen |
Stable |
Attractive in appearance |
Good |
Easily |
Less |
Less |
Well |
The diffusible hydrogen content (mL/100g) of table 4 welding rod deposited metal
Sample |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
Mean value |
Content |
3.55 |
3.3 |
3 |
2.9 |
3.1875 |
Table 5 cladding metal ingredient, mechanical property and processing performance
Mechanical property |
Tensile strength Rm (MPa) |
Yield strength Rp
0.2(MPa)
|
Percentage elongation A (%) |
Contraction percentage of area Z (%) |
Impact absorbing energy Akv (J) |
Room temperature |
-20℃ |
Mechanical properties value |
773 |
620 |
22.0 |
69.0 |
157,158,150,159,163 |
115,119,104,111,125 |
Technology category |
The coating type |
The usability of electrode energy |
Overall merit |
Arc-stabilising |
Formability |
The removability of slag |
Restarting |
Fume amount |
The degree of splashing |
Performance characteristic |
Alkaline low-hydrogen |
Stable |
Attractive in appearance |
Good |
Easily |
Less |
Less |
Well |
The diffusible hydrogen content (mL/100g) of table 6 welding rod deposited metal
Sample |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
Mean value |
Content |
2.55 |
2.3 |
2.8 |
2.7 |
2.5875 |
Table 7 cladding metal ingredient, mechanical property and processing performance
Mechanical property |
Tensile strength Rm (MPa) |
Yield strength Rp
0.2 (MPa)
|
Percentage elongation A (%) |
Contraction percentage of area Z (%) |
Impact absorbing energy Akv (J) |
Room temperature |
-20℃ |
Mechanical properties value |
769 |
628 |
23.5 |
72.5 |
167,161,158,157,161 |
125,119,126,123,110 |
Technology category |
The coating type |
The usability of electrode energy |
Overall merit |
Arc-stabilising |
Formability |
The removability of slag |
Restarting |
Fume amount |
The degree of splashing |
Performance characteristic |
Alkaline low-hydrogen |
Stable |
Attractive in appearance |
Good |
Easily |
Less |
Less |
Well |
The diffusible hydrogen content (mL/100g) of table 8 welding rod deposited metal
Sample |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
Mean value |
Content |
3.55 |
3.2 |
2.9 |
2.8 |
3.1125 |
Table 9 cladding metal ingredient, mechanical property and processing performance
Mechanical property |
Tensile strength Rm (MPa) |
Yield strength Rp
0.2(MPa)
|
Percentage elongation A (%) |
Contraction percentage of area Z (%) |
Impact absorbing energy Akv (J) |
Room temperature |
-20℃ |
Mechanical properties value |
770 |
620 |
22.5 |
69.5 |
160,163,158,159,160 |
127,120,125,121,110 |
Technology category |
The coating type |
The usability of electrode energy |
Overall merit |
Arc-stabilising |
Formability |
The removability of slag |
Restarting |
Fume amount |
The degree of splashing |
Performance characteristic |
Alkaline low-hydrogen |
Stable |
Attractive in appearance |
Good |
Easily |
Less |
Less |
Well |
The diffusible hydrogen content (mL/100g) of table 10 welding rod deposited metal
Sample |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
Mean value |
Content |
3.45 |
3.1 |
2.8 |
2.9 |
3.0625 |
Table 11 cladding metal ingredient, mechanical property and processing performance
Mechanical property |
Tensile strength Rm (MPa) |
Yield strength Rp
0.2(MPa)
|
Percentage elongation A (%) |
Contraction percentage of area Z (%) |
Impact absorbing energy Akv (J) |
Room temperature |
-20℃ |
Mechanical properties value |
768 |
630 |
21.5 |
71.5 |
159,162,157,159,162 |
124,118,11 6,121,108 |
Technology category |
The coating type |
The usability of electrode energy |
Overall merit |
Arc-stabilising |
Formability |
The removability of slag |
Restarting |
Fume amount |
The degree of splashing |
Performance characteristic |
Alkaline low-hydrogen |
Stable |
Attractive in appearance |
Good |
Easily |
Less |
Less |
Well |
The diffusible hydrogen content (mL/100g) of table 12 welding rod deposited metal
Sample |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
Mean value |
Content |
3.6 |
3.3 |
2.9 |
2.7 |
3.125 |