CN101176075A - Circuit and method for improving service lifetime of memory device - Google Patents
Circuit and method for improving service lifetime of memory device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A circuit of enhancing the storage lifetime includes: a main storage medium, a main storage medium controller, controlling the data access of the main storage medium, comprising a main storage together with the main storage medium, also includes a long lifetime storage medium, storing the basic information and/or the other data needed frequent reading/writing, a long lifetime storage medium controller, controlling the data access of the long lifetime storage medium, comprising a long lifetime storage together with the long lifetime storage medium.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the computer memory technology, relate in particular to a kind of circuit and method that can improve inside or external memory storage serviceable life.
Background technology
Present nonvolatile memory, comprising: the memory technology of magnetic, light and semiconductor memory constantly develops, and makes the capacity of hard disk, read-write CD, magneto-optic disk, semiconductor mobile memory card constantly increase, and function constantly strengthens, and performance is updated.But be subjected to the restriction of some factor its serviceable life, has influence on application in some aspects.
Inner and/or outside non-volatile data file is meant but is not limited to use to have medium or higher inside and/or the outside non-volatile data file that repeats to write the storage mediums such as light, magnetic store and non-volatile semiconductor memory of indegree restriction arranged.Various disks (comprising hard disk) its serviceable life is long relatively, it approximately is the serviceable life in several years, but in its useful life period, owing to inner or outside reason, it is that zero track and FAT memory block are easy to damage, in case and this position damages, the data of DISK to Image storage have just all been lost, and the loss that causes is very big.And the present CD that can repeat to write repeat that to write indegree approximately be about several thousand times, the flash card made of semiconductor flash memory medium (FlashMemory) etc. repeats that to write indegree approximately be 10 at present
6About, operate at full capacity and approximately have only 200 hours serviceable life.These inside and/or outside non-volatile data file are much of that if make general storage file, but if use as the place that need read and write repeatedly, as as the computer virtual storer or need carry out data-carrier store in the black box of data storage repeatedly when using, just be very easy to damage, need often to change.Have medium or higher inside and/or the outside non-volatile data file that repeats to write the storage mediums such as light, magnetic and non-volatile semiconductor memory of indegree restriction arranged as use, be subjected to the restriction that repeats to write various factors such as indegree restriction of CD, disk and non-volatile random access memory its serviceable life.
Improve at present the research in serviceable life of inner and/or outside non-volatile data file in the world, mainly on the serviceable life of improving its storage media itself, study.This type of research can change storage medium usually, changes existing storer and computer system hardware and constitutes, and tends to increase considerably the newly manufacturing cost and the use cost of the storer of development.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of under the situation of the hardware configuration, interface type, packing forms and the use-pattern that do not change existing various nonvolatile memories, improve the inner and/or outside non-volatile data file circuit in serviceable life.A kind of method of the storer based on this kind structure being carried out data access control is provided simultaneously.
Of the present inventionly can improve the storer circuit in serviceable life, comprise:
Primary storage medium;
The primary storage medium controller, the data access of control primary storage medium constitutes primary memory with primary storage medium;
The long-life storage medium, storage needs essential information and/or other data of frequent read-write;
The long-life memory medium controller, the data access of control long-life storage medium constitutes the long-life reservoir with the long-life storage medium.
The present invention also provides a kind of foregoing circuit that adopts to realize improving the storer method in serviceable life, when utilizing storage control module that storer is carried out data access, comprises the following steps:
(1) initialization long-life storer reads the essential information and/or other data that need frequent read-write from primary memory, store in the long-life dish;
(2) set up the essential information of the frequent read-write of needs of being stored in the long-life dish/or the address of other data and the address in the master between the table of comparisons that is associated;
(3) when carrying out data access operation, whether the data address of retrieving required access is the address in the above-mentioned corresponding tables, if, access data in the long-life storer then, otherwise, access data in primary memory.
In the method in above-mentioned raising storer serviceable life, when primary memory for repeating to change the primary memory of medium, in shutdown or when taking out primary storage medium, also comprise the following steps:
(1) checks whether power supply interrupts,, start the standby power supply power supply if interrupt;
(2) with the essential information of the frequent read-write of the needs stored in the long-life storer/or other data data storage in primary storage medium.
When carrying out main storage partition, the essential information of each subregion can be installed in the primary memory, later on then directly in the long-life storer, carry out the essential information operation during access of data files and use.
When carrying out the master subregion, can also be directly the essential information of each subregion be installed in the long-life storer, and the method for directly in the long-life dish, carrying out the essential information operation and using during access of data files later on.
The present invention has short read-write number of times with respect to primary storage medium by use, shorter serviceable life, more read-write number of times is arranged, non-volatile random access memory than the long life, and/or has a non-volatility memorizer than the long life, and/or volatility random access memory, replace in inner and/or the outside non-volatile data file have shorter serviceable life relatively mediumly repeat to write the indegree restriction, higher " essential information " district of storage read-write frequency in the higher storage medium that repeats to write the indegree restriction is perhaps arranged, and/or the storage medium of the storage area that need frequently read and write data as virtual memory etc., what lower primary storage medium repeats to write indegree restriction, the serviceable life of improving inside and/or outside non-volatile data file.The physical storage that the storage medium by than the long life that increases newly constitutes, also can be used as the storer of various application, as: the various storeies of memory buffer of the storer of storing applied data file and/or temporary transient storing data files or the like according to designing requirement or user's requirement.
Note:
1. " data file " is meant the various types of data and the data file of the various needs storages that comprise the basic input/output (BIOS) installed on the motherboard etc.
2. inner and/or outside non-volatile data file is meant in order to preserve various types of data and data file on integrated circuit (as single-chip microcomputer inside) and/or motherboard and/or between external unit and the motherboard by data communication or the like in order to preserve non-volatile storage medium and/or the non-volatility memorizer that various types of data and data file are installed.
3. inner and/or outside non-volatile data file all needs " essential information " and/or other kind data of frequent read-write when carrying out data read, storage, with the dos operating system is that example comprises: Partition Table, ROOT, MBR, DBR, FAT table or the like memorizer information and storage positions of files information, ROOT is called DIR (DIR=Directory) can write down catalogue or archives in the root directory area ROOT district.Its damage can cause booting failure: MBR (master boot record), it is Main Boot Record, Master Boot Program) and PartitionTable (hard disk contingency table) MBR is divided into two parts: As MBP (main start formula: respectively, its DBR is exactly a bootstrap of depositing DOS, major function is exactly two hidden file (IO.SYS that are used for being written into DOS, MSDOS.SYS): FAT shows (File Allocation Table file allocation table), it is Microsoft is used for data in magnetic disk (file) index and location introduction in the FAT file system a kind of chain structure, different file allocation table is arranged in different operating system, as: WIN 98 or WIN 2000, WIN XP just uses FAT32 or NTSF file allocation table.In instructions of the present invention, abbreviate as: " essential information " or " master data ".
4. the storer made from long-life or the non-volatile storage medium of longer life abbreviates as: long-life storer or long-life dish,
5. the storer of using the inside of making than the short life storage medium or outside primary storage medium to make abbreviates as: primary memory or master.
6. the non-volatile storage medium of long-life or longer life is meant: long-life in the present invention non-volatile storage medium is being the storage medium with the repetitive read-write number of times of Duoing than the non-volatile storage medium of middle equal life, in the non-volatile storage medium of equal life be that storage life with respect to the long lift non-volatile storage medium is relatively short, therefore cry middle equal life non-volatile storage medium sometimes.In the present invention, long lift non-volatile storage medium or storage chip also can be named relative longer life non-volatile storage medium, perhaps are relative longer life non-volatile memory chips.And non-volatile storage medium of middle equal life or storage chip can be named relatively than the non-volatile storage medium of short life or cry relatively than the short life non-volatile memory chips.
It has the non-volatile random access memory than the long life of more read-write number of times for the non-volatile storage medium in the shorter serviceable life of the less read-write number of times of primary storage medium.Perhaps do not allow flimsyly, just be not afraid of vibrations, can bear bigger vibrations, and be not easy to damage than the disc sheet of the hard disk of present use as: the non-volatile storage medium of long-life or longer life than primary storage medium.
7. long-life or the non-volatile storage medium of longer life relatively, comprised: long life or than non-volatile storage chip at random or the non-volatile nonrandom storage chip of long life, perhaps than non-volatile storage chip at random of short life or nonrandom storage chip, the perhaps non-volatile storage medium made of the various materials of long-life or longer life.They can improve the storage medium serviceable life in relative more short-life multiple inside and/or the outside non-volatility memorizer.In instructions of the present invention, be called for short: long-life non-volatile memory chips, or long-life non-volatile storage medium.
Long-life non-volatile memory chips, the non-volatile storage medium that long-life various material is made can comprise: the at random non-volatile and/or nonrandom storer that repeats write capability unlimitedly: MRAM memory of magnetic element (magnet RAM) or RRAM (resistance R AM), has the higher at random non-volatile or nonrandom storer that repeats to write the indegree restriction, ferromagnetic random access memory/ferroelectric memory FeRAM memory, or the OUM memory (phase-change memory element PRAM) of use phase-change material, ultrahigh density storage chip (MILLIPEDE) storer, the FlashRom semiconductor of middle equal life are at random or the various types of chips with long-life or longer life of nonrandom data storer or the like, the perhaps non-volatile storage medium made of the various materials of long-life or longer life.Suitable principle is: the storage medium of longer life substitutes the storage medium of the frequent use (frequently reading and writing part) of more short-life storage medium.
8. more short-life relatively multiple inside and/or outside non-volatility memorizer, comprise: the non-volatile storage medium in the various shorter serviceable lifes in multiple inside such as disk, CD, semiconductor non-volatility memorizer and/or the external memory storage, be called for short in instructions of the present invention: short-life non-volatile storage medium.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. be hardware structure circuit block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2. be first embodiment of the invention hardware structure circuit block diagram.
Fig. 3. be second embodiment of the invention hardware structure circuit block diagram.
Fig. 4. be third embodiment of the invention hardware structure circuit block diagram.
Fig. 5. be fourth embodiment of the invention hardware structure circuit block diagram.
Fig. 6. be fifth embodiment of the invention hardware structure circuit block diagram.
Fig. 7. be sixth embodiment of the invention hardware structure circuit block diagram.
Fig. 8. be once complete accessing operation process flow diagram to replaceable storage medium stores device.
Fig. 9. be the program flow diagram of changing storage medium operation or power-off operation.
Figure 10. be that the installation procedure of long-life during dish is installed.
Figure 11. be the process flow diagram (working procedure) that the long-life storer is carried out storage operation.
Figure 12. be amended operating system of the present invention is carried out storage operation to storer process flow diagram.
Figure 13 has described a kind of embodiment hardware structure circuit block diagram of hardware structure of the present invention.
Embodiment
Realization of the present invention, functional characteristics and advantage will be in conjunction with the embodiments, are described further with reference to accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1. be hardware structure circuit block diagram of the present invention.
The declaratives of hardware structure circuit block diagram of the present invention and embodiment and embodiment, be to use the patent (applicant: Langke Science and Technology Co Ltd, Shenzhen City of denomination of invention for " storage control chip and data storage control method ", inventor: Deng Guoshun, Cheng Xiaohua, to cutting edge of a knife or a sword, applying date 2003.7.28, application number 03140023.x,) the hardware structure circuit block diagram and the hardware configuration explanation of embodiment, further specify invention main points of the present invention, implementation method and functional characteristics, why adopt the hardware structure of " storage control chip and data storage control method " patent in the embodiment of the invention, just convenient for characteristics of the present invention are described, be applied to various dissimilar, when different types of inside or inner and/or outside non-volatile data file, storage control chip that sort memory reality is adopted and data storage control method are the needs according to concrete side circuit, and adopt different, suitable circuit types and control method, as in being used in hard disk the time, its control circuit will be with the storage control chip and the storage controlling method of hard disk.Because on the storage control chip and data storage control method that main points of the present invention are not applied in above-mentioned patent, in an embodiment of the present invention just because of stressing main points of the present invention with above-mentioned patent, and about storage control chip and data storage control method because be not main points of the present invention, therefore no longer describe in detail, concrete content can be with reference to the various data of the storage control chip of above-mentioned patent specification and relevant various storeies.
Divide from functional module, comprise by processor (MCU) 3, dma controller 4, agreement realizes controller 2, data check module 5, storage inside module 6, PLL module 8, the storage control module that registers group 7 grades constitute, supply module 14, exterior storage medium controller 10, outside primary storage medium 13, emphasis of the present invention exists: increased outside long-life non-volatile memory medium controller 9 newly, outside long-life non-volatile storage medium 11, outside long-life non-volatile storage medium 12, outside long-life memory medium controller at random 14, outside long-life 15 exterior storage medium controllers 10 of storage medium at random, outside primary storage medium 13.
Processor 3 can adopt the controller of programmable single chip computer (microcontroller) as whole storage control chip, various types of processors (MCU) such as controller that can also adopt dsp controller, Risc controller .X86 controller, Programmable Logic Controller, gate array chip to make.Realize controller 2, data check module 5, storage inside module 6, PLL module 8, registers group 7, exterior storage medium controller 10, outside long-life non-volatile memory medium controller 9, outside long-life memory medium controller at random 14 etc. by the above-mentioned dma controller 4 of access control, agreement, realize functions such as control above-mentioned functions module, parameter configuration.
Described exterior storage medium controller the 9,10, the 14th is used for controlling the read-write sequence of exterior storage medium. and can be (but being not limited to) long-life non-volatile memory medium controller, flash media controller, MRAM controller, RRAM (resistance R AM) controller, ferromagnetic random access memory/ferroelectric memory FeRAM controller, the various types of memory medium controllers that use OUM (phase-change memory element PRAM) controller or the like of phase-change material to set according to designing requirement.
Storage control chip has two kinds of operator schemes: processor mode and DMA pattern, deposit the relevant parameter of each by correspondence and decide which kind of operator scheme of employing, wherein, processor mode is to be controlled by the data line and the address wire of 3 pairs of entire chip of processor, processor 3 can pass through instruction access storage inside module 6, agreement realizes controller 2, exterior storage medium controller 9,10,14 etc., this processor mode is mainly used in the configuration that agreement is realized controller 2: the DMA pattern is to be controlled by the data line and the address wire of 4 pairs of entire chip of dma controller, mainly be to set up the DMA data transmission channel according to the different parameters and the parameter value of related register, finish dissimilar DMA data transmission, described DMA data transmission includes but not limited to: realize that from agreement controller is to the exterior storage medium controller, agreement realizes that controller is to the storage inside module, the storage inside module realizes controller to agreement, the storage inside module is to the exterior storage medium controller, the exterior storage medium controller is to the storage inside module, the exterior storage medium controller is to the storage inside module, the exterior storage medium controller is realized the data transmission of controller to agreement, and exterior storage medium wiped programming of exterior storage medium or the like.
The present invention is mainly by using outside long-life non-volatile memory medium controller 9, the outside long-life non-volatile storage medium 11 of control, substituting storage in the storer that outside primary storage medium 13 with 10 controls of exterior storage medium controller constitutes needs the storage medium part of the memory block of " essential information " of frequent read-write and/or other data, the serviceable life of improving the outside primary storage medium 13 of exterior storage medium controller 10 controls.
The present invention is by using outside long-life non-volatile memory medium controller 9, the outside long-life non-volatile storage medium 12 of control, and/or outside long-life memory medium controller at random 14, the outside long-life storage medium at random 15 of control, as virtual memory, substitute on the outside primary storage medium 13 of externally memory medium controller 10 controls the storage medium serviceable life of the memory block of the virtual memory of being set up.This outside long-life non-volatile storage medium 12, outside long-life storage medium at random 15, can whether need to install according to the designing requirement decision, and the application target after installing, not necessarily can only do virtual memory and use, the storer that also can be used as other all kinds, various application targets uses.
Outside long-life non-volatile memory medium controller 9, the outside long-life non-volatile storage medium 11,12 of control can determine according to designing requirement: 1. whether use identical storage medium, perhaps different storage mediums.2. whether two storage mediums are united two into one, only use the storage medium of a larger capacity.3. whether all install, whether wherein one only be installed,
Outside long-life memory medium controller at random 14, the outside long-life storage medium at random 15 of control can determine whether needs are installed according to designing requirement.
Use has long-life non-volatile memory chips or the long-life non-volatile storage medium that repeats write capability unlimitedly, comprising: the FlashRom semiconductor at random or nonrandom data storer etc.Also can use and have the non-volatile random access memory that repeats write capability such as MRAM (magnet RAM), the RRAM (resistance R AM) etc. of magnetic element unlimitedly, replace having the higher at random non-volatile or nonrandom storer that repeats to write the indegree restriction, as: the OUM (phase-change memory element PRAM) of ferromagnetic random access memory/ferroelectric memory FeRAM and use phase-change material, ultrahigh density storage chip storeies such as (MILLIPEDE) etc.
Whether supply module 14 can adopt according to the designing requirement decision, can use battery or storage battery power supply, also can adopt electric capacity to store electric energy storage power supply.Can be used for when power supply shuts down or work as storer receiving the instruction that main frame 1 sends shutdown, the power supply of the storer the when data that storer will control the storage of the long-life non-volatile storage medium 11 in outside according to designing requirement decision write in the outside primary storage medium 13 is given altogether, also can prevent can in time preserve the data of not write because interrupt suddenly the storer of external power source when supplying with, the work on power supply of needed short time of the storer the when power supply when avoiding loss of data is supplied with or the like unscheduled event and taken place is supplied with.
Inside of the present invention and/or outside non-volatile data file be actual a plurality of Physical Extents, can be respectively with each Physical Extents, can become different logical partitions by the actual physics partition definition, perhaps several Physical Extents are defined as one or more logical partition.Can set up virtual disk on the Physical Extents that is defined in " virtual disk ", also can set up virtual disk on the Physical Extents of primary storage medium, this virtual disk also can be used as various types of memory discs and uses, as: use or the like as memory buffer.Record " essential information " stores into and write down the master file data of wanting access in the primary storage medium dish on the Physical Extents of " long-life dish ".And on the Physical Extents of primary storage medium, do not set up " essential information " frequent writable area as far as possible, because will lower the serviceable life of primary storage medium like this, make role of the present invention reduce.Can set up on the Physical Extents of primary storage medium " essential information ", purpose is to cause " essential information " to lose in order to back up and to prevent after primary storage medium from taking out from driver.Opening entry on the primary memory medium of equal life therefrom during the master file data.In the time of preferably each data that record is new on the primary storage medium, can be according to the time sequencing down record successively of deletion, rather than each record data the time, all be to search the position of whether having time successively and record data from reference position.In the time of easy like this because each record all is from the reference position record, and the reference position that causes primary storage medium is because frequent read-write, and causes this a part of storage medium to damage.
Storer of the present invention can carry out subregion according to designing requirement, as:
1. carry out subregion by actual physical structure, can be divided into:
A. the Physical Extents that constitutes by the long-life non-volatile storage medium 11 in outside, the data access of carrying out in this subregion is to have the storage medium part of storing the storage area of the frequent data file of reading and writing of needs in the storer of outside primary storage medium 13 formations in order to replace.This subregion is called for short " long-life dish " in instructions of the present invention
B. by the non-volatile at random or nonrandom memory medium controller 9 of outer minister than the life-span, the outside long-life at random non-volatile or nonrandom storage medium 12 of control, the Physical Extents that the outside long-life storage medium at random 15 of outside long-life 14 controls of memory medium controller at random constitutes, this subregion can be used as virtual memory, the serviceable life when improving outside primary storage medium 13 by exterior storage medium controller 10 control as virtual memory.This subregion is called for short " virtual disk " in instructions of the present invention, whether needing to install " virtual disk " in inside or external memory storage can decide according to designing requirement, as: this storer is just for storage file, just can not necessarily need to install, if as the memory device that needs virtual memory operating system to use, just may need to install " virtual disk ".Also can be used as the storer of setting up for other various application target and use, as using as memory buffer.The physics village that outside long-life non-volatile storage medium or non-volatile storage medium constitute goes out the district,, according to deviser or user's request for utilization, the pure initial stage that also can be used as various uses uses, as store various data files, virtual memory, memory buffer or the like the feram memory of various uses use.
C. the Physical Extents that constitutes by the outside primary storage medium 13 of exterior storage medium controller 10 control, main access of data files in this subregion.This subregion is called for short " master " in instructions of the present invention
2. with the synthetic big subregion of several physical disks.But opening entry on the primary memory medium of equal life therefrom when stipulating village's master file data.In the time of preferably each data that record is new on the primary storage medium, can be according to the time sequencing down record successively of deletion, rather than each record data the time, all be to search the position of whether having time successively and record data from reference position.In the time of easy like this because each record all is from the reference position record, and the reference position that causes primary storage medium is because frequent read-write, and causes this a part of storage medium to damage.And need the data of the fileinfo of some memorizer information of frequent read-write and storage when access memory carries out data storage in the address of the Physical Extents that is made of the long-life non-volatile storage medium 11 in outside.By the long-life non-volatile storage medium 12 in outside, and/or the address area of the Physical Extents that constitutes by the long-life storage medium at random 15 in outside, in this address area, can be used as virtual memory and carry out data access.
D. the long-life non-volatile storage medium 11,12 in outside can be merged into a chip, can certainly be a plurality of chips, a chip time, on the Physical Extents that this chip constitutes, both can be used as " the long-life dish uses " at that time, and also can be used as " virtual disk " and use.
E. at " internal initialization parameter list " or be the information that comprises long-life dish and master among " internal initialization parameter set " and/or the MBR (master boot record) in the write store.This " internal initialization parameter list " or " internal initialization parameter set " write among the BIOS of the CPU that controls external memory storage usually, if use long lift non-volatile internal memory, then need in " BIOS " of mainboard, also need to write the non-information that non-volatility memorizer comprises long lift non-volatile storage medium and non-long lift non-volatile storage medium of waving in main frame inside.Certainly in the inside and/or external memory storage of other kind that is not hard disk, inner " internal initialization parameter list " or make " internal initialization parameter set " that other different name also can be arranged, but the function that plays with " initiation parameter table " is the same just passable with acting on.
Long lift non-volatile memory hardware of the present invention need cooperate " essential information " with primary memory to write software (program) in the long-life dish, and when carrying out the read-write operation of master afterwards, memory device driver program or the storage operation system program operated in the master " essential information " of storage in the long-life dish.Both application that combine.
If long-life flash memories of the present invention is used in the computing machine harddisk memory that substitutes, " internal initialization parameter set " information of this long-life storer should by
Mainboard BIOSHard disk detects (IDE HDD AUTODETECTION) function automatically and can detect.Also can pass through the CPU of control hard disk by special-purpose program and/or operating system,, read successively according to the needs of bios program.The information that comprises long-life dish and master therein in the write store.The present invention's said " initiation parameter collection " also can include the information of the needs identifications such as MBR (master boot record) that are stored in the storage medium.
If for example add the long lift non-volatile storage medium in the hard disk, just need be in " initiation parameter collection " (" initiation parameter collection " can comprise the information of MBR needs such as (the master boot record) identification that is stored in the storage medium) of hard disk.The information that adds the long-life dish.This information should by
Mainboard BIOSHard disk detects (IDE HDD AUTODETECTION) function automatically and can detect.Also can pass through the CPU of control hard disk by special-purpose program and/or operating system,, read successively according to the needs of bios program.
" the initiation parameter collection " of hard disk is to have deposited 69 different files respectively by the module major part, and filename is also consistent with the parameter name called in the bios program.Wherein the brief description of partial parameters module is as follows: the basic management program PL permanent defects table TS defective track table HS actual physics magnetic head number of DM hard disk inside and the highest encrypted state of the SM that puts in order and password SU user class encrypted state and password CI hardware information, comprise used CPU model, bios version, the magnetic head kind, the information WE of FI manufacturer write error record sheet RE read error record sheet SI capacity such as disk disc kind are set, specify the max cap. (MAXLBA) that allows the user to use, be converted to external logic magnetic head number (being generally 16) and every magnetic track sector number (being generally 63) ZP region allocation information, every face sheet is divided into 15 zones, the different number of sectors of distributing is gone up in each zone, thereby calculates maximum physical capacity or the like.
Fig. 2. be first embodiment of the invention hardware structure circuit block diagram.
A kind of embodiment hardware structure circuit of the hardware structure of having described among Fig. 2 of the present invention, this is the circuit of the storage control chip of disk or storeies such as magneto-optic disk or CD.
In this embodiment hardware structure and Fig. 1 are basic identical, just agreement realizes that controller is the agreement realization controller 2b of ATA or SATA or SCSI or storage card etc. in this embodiment, be used for external disk or magneto-optic disk or optical disk medium 13a for the memory medium controller 10a of external disk drive (HD) or magneto optical driver (MO or MD) or CD drive (DVD-RW, DVD-RAM or the like) control, transmission access information and access data.
In this circuit:
Use outside long-life non-volatile memory medium controller 9, the data access of the outside long-life non-volatile storage medium 11 of control, as the long-life disk storage, replace having storage in the non-volatility memorizer of middle equal life and need " essential information " and/or the storage medium part of other data storage area that frequently read and write.
Use outside long-life memory medium controller at random 14, the outside long-life storage medium at random 15 of control, and/or using outside long-life non-volatile memory medium controller 9, the outside long-life non-volatile storage medium 12 of control is as virtual disk storer (virtual disk).The middle storage of non-volatility memorizer (master) that replaces having middle equal life needs the frequently storage medium part of " virtual " memory block of read-write.
Fig. 3. be second embodiment of the invention hardware structure circuit block diagram.
A kind of embodiment hardware structure circuit of the hardware structure of the present invention that Fig. 3 has described, this is the circuit of storage control chip of the storeies such as non-volatility semiconductor dish of middle equal life.
In this embodiment hardware structure and Fig. 1 are basic identical, just agreement realizes that controller realizes controller 2b as the agreement of ATA or SATA or SCSI or storage card etc. in this embodiment, is used for non-volatility semiconductor storage medium 13b transmission access information and access data into equal life in the outside of the non-volatility semiconductor memory medium controller 10b control of equal life in the outside.This circuit can be used for various storage card or the memory discs of being made by the non-volatility semiconductor storage medium, as: CF card, memory disc (DOM dish) or the like.
In this circuit:
Use outside long-life non-volatile memory medium controller 9, the data access of the outside long-life non-volatile storage medium 11 of control, as the long-life disk storage, replace having storage in the non-volatile semiconductor memory of middle equal life and need " essential information " and/or the storage medium part of other data storage area that frequently read and write.
Use outside long-life memory medium controller at random 14, the outside long-life storage medium at random 15 of control, and/or using outside long-life non-volatile memory medium controller 9, the outside long-life non-volatile storage medium 12 of control is as virtual disk storer (virtual disk).The middle storage of non-volatile semiconductor memory (master) that replaces having middle equal life needs the frequently storage medium part of " virtual " memory block of read-write.
Fig. 4. be third embodiment of the invention hardware structure circuit block diagram.
A kind of embodiment hardware structure circuit of the hardware structure of having described among Fig. 4 of the present invention, this is the circuit of the storage control chip of disk or storeies such as magneto-optic disk or CD.
In this embodiment hardware structure and Fig. 1 are basic identical, just anti-in this embodiment view realizes that controller is the agreement realization controller 2b of USB or bluetooth or IEEE 1394 or storage card, be used for external disk or magneto-optic disk or optical disk medium 13a for external disk or magneto-optic disk or optical disk medium controller 10a control, transmission access information and access data.
In this circuit:
Use outside long-life non-volatile memory medium controller 9, the data access of the outside long-life non-volatile storage medium 11 of control, as the long-life disk storage, replace having storage in the non-volatility memorizer of middle equal life and need " essential information " and/or the storage medium part of other data storage area that frequently read and write.
Use outside long-life memory medium controller at random 14, the outside long-life storage medium at random 15 of control, and/or using outside long-life non-volatile memory medium controller 9, the outside long-life non-volatile storage medium 12 of control is as virtual disk storer (virtual disk).The middle storage of non-volatility memorizer (master) that replaces having middle equal life needs the frequently storage medium part of " virtual " memory block of read-write.
Fig. 5. be fourth embodiment of the invention hardware structure circuit block diagram.
A kind of embodiment hardware structure circuit of the hardware structure of the present invention that Fig. 5 has described, this is the circuit of storage control chip of the storeies such as non-volatility semiconductor dish of middle equal life.
In this embodiment hardware structure and Fig. 1 are basic identical, just agreement realizes that controller is that the agreement of USB or bluetooth or IEEE139 or storage card realizes controller 2b in this embodiment, is used for non-volatility semiconductor storage medium 13b transmission access information and access data into equal life in the outside of the non-volatility semiconductor memory medium controller 10b control of equal life in the outside.
In this circuit:
Use outside long-life non-volatile memory medium controller 9, the data access of the outside long-life non-volatile storage medium 11 of control, as the long-life disk storage, replace having storage in the non-volatile semiconductor memory of middle equal life and need " essential information " and/or the storage medium part of other data storage area that frequently read and write.
Can use outside long-life memory medium controller at random 14 according to designing requirement, the outside long-life storage medium at random 15 of control, and/or the outside long-life non-volatile memory medium controller 9 of use, the outside long-life non-volatile storage medium 12 of control is as virtual disk storer (virtual disk).The middle storage of non-volatile semiconductor memory (master) that replaces having middle equal life needs the frequently storage medium part of " virtual " memory block of read-write.
Fig. 6. Fig. 7 is the present invention's the 5th, the 6th embodiment hardware structure circuit block diagram.
A kind of embodiment hardware structure circuit of the hardware structure of the present invention that Fig. 6 has described, this is the circuit of semiconductor memory storage control chip of the non-volatile semiconductor memory etc. of equal life in the inside.
Hardware structure and Fig. 1 in these two embodiment are basic identical, just there is not agreement to realize controller and main frame 1 in this embodiment, Fig. 6 is directly by the internal data of main frame, the address, control bus, perhaps by the external interface bus controller 16 of the main frame of Fig. 7, as pci bus controller etc., directly control is by the long-life non-volatile storage medium 11 in inside of long-life non-volatile memory medium controller 9 controls in inside, 12, the long-life storage medium at random 15 in inside by long-life 14 controls of memory medium controller at random in inside, also can realize the long-life non-volatile storage medium 11 in inside that controller 2b controls by the agreement by ATA or SATA or SCSI or storage card etc. shown in Figure 2 by long-life non-volatile memory medium controller 9 controls in inside, 12, and/or by the long-life storage medium at random 15 in inside of the long-life memory medium controller at random in inside 14 controls, by the data access of the non-volatility semiconductor storage medium 13b of equal life in the inside of the non-volatility semiconductor memory medium controller 10b control of middle equal life.External interface bus controller by main frame, control by the non-volatile at random or nonrandom memory medium controller of interior minister than the life-span, with the storer that the long-life non-volatile storage medium in inside constitutes, need the storer of the data file of frequent read-write as storage.And/or as the virtual disk storer.
In this circuit:
Use inner long-life non-volatile memory medium controller 9, the data access of the inner long-life non-volatile storage medium 11 of control, as the long-life disk storage, replace having storage in the non-volatile semiconductor memory of middle equal life and need " essential information " and/or the storage medium part of other data storage area that frequently read and write.
Use inner long-life memory medium controller at random 14, the inner long-life storage medium at random 15 of control, and/or using inner long-life non-volatile memory medium controller 9, the inner long-life non-volatile storage medium 12 of control is as virtual disk storer (virtual disk).The middle storage of non-volatile semiconductor memory (master) that replaces having middle equal life needs the frequently storage medium part of " virtual " memory block of read-write.
Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 are the memory stores running program process flow diagrams that the present invention uses replaceable storage medium.
Fig. 8. be the principle and the disposal route of the running program of the present invention's memory stores operation of using replaceable storage medium, comprise following processing procedure:.
Program principle and disposal route.
A. begin: b. from storer, read can by
Mainboard BIOSHard disk detects (IDE HDD AUTODETECTION) function automatically and can detect. also can pass through special-purpose program and/or operating system by the CPU of control storage; The needs of program; “”：c.“：d.，：e.“”：f.“”：g.1：h.“”：i.“”：j.“”：k.。
Fig. 9 is that the present invention uses the storer shutdown of replaceable storage medium or the running program principle and the disposal route of taking-up storage medium running program.a. begin: whether whether b. receives is received shutdown command, and/or arrive prior official hour: c. search and whether receive the order of primary storage medium from take out memory device or press the taking-up switch, and/or arrive the order that prior official hour: d. receives shutdown and/or takes out storage medium, and/or arrive prior official hour: e. and check the Power supply situation: whether the f. power supply interrupts: if the g. power interruptions is enabled the stand-by power supply power supply: " memory and the file essential information data of storing " during h. will coil the long-life store in the primary storage medium dish: the i. storage is complete: whether j. receives the order of primary storage medium from take out memory device or presses the taking-up switch: if k. does not receive then shut down: withdraw from primary storage medium: m. etc. if l. receives and be housed to new primary storage medium: the new primary storage medium if n. packs into then return and re-start this flow operations: o. end
Figure 10, Figure 11. be existing operating system of the present invention is carried out storage operation to memory stores process flow diagram.
This is installed in each subregion " essential information " in the master when carrying out the master subregion, and later on directly in the long-life dish, carry out " essential information " operation during access of data files and when using, the principle and the disposal route of the long-life disc program of the long-life non-volatile random access memory of use of the present invention are the principle and the disposal routes of storage file supervisory routine of inserting the long-life dish of the long-life non-volatile random access memory of use of the present invention between the documentor of operating system and magnetic disc i/o program.Comprise long-life dish installation procedure and working procedure two parts, comprise following processing procedure:
Figure 10. be principle and the disposal route that the installation procedure of long-life during dish is installed, comprise following processing procedure:
A. begin: b. from storer, read can by
Mainboard BIOSHard disk detects (IDE HDD AUTO DETECTION) function automatically and can detect. also can pass through special-purpose program and/or operating system by the CPU of control storage; " the initiation parameter collection " read successively or the hardware installation information of calling main frame: whether comprise in the c. recognition memory " initiation parameter collection " that the information that has long-life dish and master: d. exists long-life dish and master then to be for further processing, then do not withdraw from end: e. search operaqtion system type and version: f. installs the respective drive program: " essential information " that g. format long-life dish: h. reads from master in each subregion stores in the long-life dish: address and the table of comparisons of the mutual corresponding relation between the address in the master: the j. of " essential information " that i. sets up each master subregion of all storages of storing in the long-life dish deposits: the k. end.
Figure 11. be the principle and the disposal route of the long-life storer being carried out the storage operation program, comprise following processing procedure: (working procedure).
A. begin: b. accepts store file instruction and access address and the access data that main frame 1 sends: the address of " essential information " that whether the data address that retrieving during the c. accessing file needs access is set up in the long-life dish and " essential information " that the address in the correspondence table that is associated between the address in the master: d. sets up in the access long-life dish in the long-life dish: e. access in master non-" essential information " file data: " essential information " of this driving arrangement of f. system read-write all reads at the long-life dish: the g. end:
Each dish is exactly that each independently coils, but the master of storing data files can be set up drive and be C:, D:, E: ... drive, and the storage of storing the long-life memory disc of " essential information " " essential information " place, district drive can for C1:, D:, E: ... drive, so that both distinguish to some extent, but everything can be according to the designing requirement change.
Figure 12. be amended operating system of the present invention is carried out storage operation to storer process flow diagram.When using long-life non-volatility memorizer, when carrying out the master subregion, directly " essential information " of each subregion is installed in the long-life dish, and later on directly in the long-life dish, carry out " essential information " operation during access of data files and when using, the running program principle and the disposal route of the long-life disc program of installing and using comprise following processing procedure:
A. begin: b. operating system checks the memory device setting: " the initiation parameter collection " that can be read out or the hardware installation information of calling main frame of c. read memory from memory: whether comprise in the d. recognition memory " initiation parameter collection " that the information that has long-life dish and master: e. calls this kind memory device driver: e. and format memory device: f. and will coil the long-life and as essential information dish: g. all partition tables of this memory device and " essential information " be write the long-life and coil: the h. end. When carrying out storage operation in the operation system later on, directly access " essential information " in the long-life dish.
A kind of embodiment hardware structure circuit block diagram of the hardware structure of the present invention that Figure 13 has described.
This is the circuit of storage control chip of the storeies such as non-volatility semiconductor dish of middle equal life.
In this embodiment hardware structure and Fig. 1 are basic identical, just used non-volatile storage medium in this embodiment with the primary storage medium same type, but it has the serviceable life (than the more read-write number of times life-span in the read-write number of times life-span of primary storage medium) of long read-write number of times, be used as the long-life storage medium by this storage medium, the non-volatility semiconductor storage medium 11 of the outside long-life life that outside so main non-volatility semiconductor memory medium controller 10 has just been controlled with more read-write number of times serviceable life, 12 and the storer that constitutes respectively of the main non-volatility semiconductor storage medium 13 of middle equal life.The non-volatility semiconductor storage medium 11,12 of outside long-life life can use same storage medium, also can use a plurality of storage mediums, and outside long-life non-volatility semiconductor storage medium 12 can not use yet.The information that supplies to comprise in the write store in mainboard recognition of devices and the operating system recognition of devices employed " initiation parameter collection " long-life dish and master in storer.
Though though have a memory medium controller to control the storer of the storage medium of a plurality of same types on the market at present, as: CF card, SD card, DOM card or the like, wherein the read-write number of times life-span of each storage medium also is not quite similar, they are not written to " essential information " of primary storage medium in the life-span of more read-write number of times, therefore just can not improve the serviceable life of the read-write number of times restriction that is subjected to primary storage medium yet.And long lift non-volatile memory hardware of the present invention writes in the long-life dish in conjunction with " essential information " with primary memory again, and when carrying out the read-write operation of master afterwards, the memory device driver program or the storage operation system program that carry out in the master " essential information " of the storage in the long-life dish.Both combine, and just give the raising of a matter of reading-writing life-span of primary storage medium.
For example use that to have serviceable life be the flash chip of read-write number of times more than 10,000 times or the 10000 times master that storage chip makes of deciding, to have serviceable life be the long-life dish that the flash chip of read-write number of times more than 100,000 times or ten thousand times is made as the long lift non-volatile storage medium and use, write in the long-life dish in conjunction with " essential information " with primary memory, and when carrying out the read-write operation of master afterwards, the memory device driver program or the storage operation system program that carry out in the master " essential information " of the storage in the long-life dish.Just can with read and write cheaply number of times few serviceable life short the reading-writing life-span of master bring up on the reading-writing life-span of long-life dish.
Storer of the present invention is when carrying out the data file accessing operation, can be according to requirement of system design, can be according to the memory block of the storage area of whole dish being regarded as an integral body, earlier whole dish is filled with according to sequencing during storage, even the middle idle area that the file of deleting behind a large amount of letters has been arranged, then according to " memory block of first deleted file; deposit new file earlier in; the back deleted file the memory block; after deposit new file in ", principle carry out the operation that data file writes memory disc, till whole magnetic disk is write completely, the new storage operation that starts anew again.The benefit of carrying out the data file accessing operation like this is to prevent a storage area, the file storage that is write repeatedly in short time operation, and influence serviceable life.
Each module used in the present invention and each components and parts can increase and decrease according to designing requirement, and various functions also can add or reduce according to designing requirement.The circuit diagram that each accompanying drawing of the present invention indicated and program flow diagram can be according to the different and changes of the element of designing requirement and use.
As mentioned above,, describe most preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail, still, should not think that design of the present invention only only limits to each above-mentioned embodiment with reference to each accompanying drawing.Those skilled in the art, inspiration by the various embodiments described above design, be not difficult various improvement, change or replacement are made in long lift non-volatile storage chip of the present invention raising inside or external memory storage system in serviceable life, and be applied in the various accumulator systems.Therefore, these improvement, change or replacement should not thought to have broken away from design of the present invention or appended claims institute restricted portion.
Claims (13)
1. one kind can be improved the storer circuit in serviceable life, comprising:
Primary storage medium;
The primary storage medium controller, the data access of control primary storage medium constitutes primary memory with primary storage medium;
It is characterized in that, also comprise:
The long-life storage medium, storage needs essential information and/or other data of frequent read-write;
The long-life memory medium controller, the data access of control long-life storage medium constitutes the long-life reservoir with the long-life storage medium.
2. circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described primary memory is external memory storage or internal storage.
3. circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described long-life storage medium is non-volatile storage medium or storage medium at random.
4. circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described long-life storage medium is magnet RAM, resistance R AM, the OUM storage medium or the ultrahigh density storage medium of ferromagnetic storage medium at random, ferroelectric memory FeRAM storage medium, use phase-change material.
5. circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described primary memory is optical memory, magneto-optic memory, inside or the outside non-volatile semiconductor memory that is applied to ATA or SATA or SCSI or storage card or USB or bluetooth or IEEE 1394 interfaces.
6. a circuit according to claim 1 realizes improving the storer method in serviceable life, it is characterized in that, when utilization is carried out data access to storer, comprises the following steps:
(1) initialization long-life storer reads the essential information and/or other data that need frequent read-write from primary memory, store in the long-life dish;
(2) set up the essential information of the frequent read-write of needs of being stored in the long-life dish/or the address of other data and the address in the master between the table of comparisons that is associated;
(3) when carrying out data access operation, whether the data address of retrieving required access is the address in the above-mentioned corresponding tables, if, access data in the long-life storer then, otherwise, access data in primary memory.
7. the method in raising storer according to claim 6 serviceable life is characterized in that, when primary memory for repeating to change the primary memory of medium, in shutdown or when taking out primary storage medium, also comprise the following steps:
(1) checks whether power supply interrupts,, start the standby power supply power supply if interrupt;
(2) with the essential information of the frequent read-write of the needs stored in the long-life storer/or other data storage in primary storage medium.
8. the method in raising storer according to claim 6 serviceable life, it is characterized in that, essential information with each subregion when carrying out main storage partition is installed in the primary memory, later on then directly carries out the essential information operation during access of data files in the long-life storer and uses.
9. the method in raising storer according to claim 8 serviceable life is characterized in that, comprises following installation steps:
1) the respective drive program is installed;
2) format long-life storer;
3) from primary memory, read the essential information of the frequent read-write of described needs/or other data, and be stored to the long-life storer;
The address of the data of 4) setting up in the long-life storer to be stored and the table of comparisons of the mutual corresponding relation between the address in the master also deposit the long-life storer in.
10. the method in raising storer according to claim 6 serviceable life, it is characterized in that, when carrying out the master subregion, directly the essential information of each subregion is installed in the long-life dish, and directly in the long-life dish, carries out the operation and the use of essential information during access of data files later on.
11. the method in raising storer according to claim 9 serviceable life is characterized in that, comprises following installation steps:
1) format primary memory;
2) store all partition tables of this primary memory and the essential information that needs frequently to read and write into the long-life storer.
12. the method in raising storer according to claim 6 serviceable life, it is characterized in that, when the storage medium of primary memory or long-life storer is non-volatile storage medium, among the BIOS of the CPU that also comprises the following steps: at the control external memory storage, write the data of storing in the respective memory.
13. the method in raising storer according to claim 6 serviceable life is characterized in that, writes the essential information in described long-life storer and/or the described primary memory in the internal initialization parameter list of control external memory storage.
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| CN200680016865.0A CN101176075B (en) | 2005-05-18 | 2006-04-27 | Circuit and method for improving service lifetime of memory device |
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| CN200510013525.X | 2005-05-18 | ||
| CN 200510013525 CN1749971A (en) | 2005-05-18 | 2005-05-18 | Improving service life of internal or external storage by using long lift non-volatile storage chip |
| CN 200610013317 CN101038529A (en) | 2006-03-16 | 2006-03-16 | Prolonging service life of internal or external memory with long service non-volatile memory chip |
| CN200610013317.4 | 2006-03-16 | ||
| PCT/CN2006/000815 WO2006122474A1 (en) | 2005-05-18 | 2006-04-27 | A circuit and method of enhancing the storage lifetime |
| CN200680016865.0A CN101176075B (en) | 2005-05-18 | 2006-04-27 | Circuit and method for improving service lifetime of memory device |
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| CN200680016865.0A Expired - Fee Related CN101176075B (en) | 2005-05-18 | 2006-04-27 | Circuit and method for improving service lifetime of memory device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103729302A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2014-04-16 | 厦门雅迅网络股份有限公司 | Method for preventing flash subarea from being frequently read and written |
| CN109976970A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-05 | 深圳Tcl新技术有限公司 | A kind of method, system and storage medium improving mainboard chip service life |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101782873B (en) * | 2009-01-15 | 2014-07-09 | 旺玖科技股份有限公司 | External storage device having security function |
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| CN1351350A (en) * | 2000-10-27 | 2002-05-29 | 岳京星 | Method for partitioning memory block and identifying R/W information in flash memory |
| CN1362708A (en) * | 2001-01-02 | 2002-08-07 | 吴秀林 | Read-write method for flash memory chip |
| CN100337217C (en) * | 2003-07-28 | 2007-09-12 | 深圳市朗科科技有限公司 | Memory control chip and data memory control method |
| CN2854694Y (en) * | 2005-05-18 | 2007-01-03 | 程滋颐 | Prolonging service life of internal or external storage by long service life non-volatility storage chip |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103729302A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2014-04-16 | 厦门雅迅网络股份有限公司 | Method for preventing flash subarea from being frequently read and written |
| CN109976970A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-05 | 深圳Tcl新技术有限公司 | A kind of method, system and storage medium improving mainboard chip service life |
| CN109976970B (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2022-11-15 | 深圳Tcl新技术有限公司 | Method, system and storage medium for prolonging service life of mainboard chip |
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| CN1749971A (en) | 2006-03-22 |
| CN101176075B (en) | 2012-12-12 |
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