CN101151043A - 促进伤口愈合和组织再生的组合物和方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本文提供了用于在受试者组织损伤后促进伤口愈合和组织再生的组合物和方法。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求以2004年12月21日提交的美国临时申请No.60/638,366以及2005年4月15日提交的美国临时申请No.60/671,796为优先权基础,这两份申请均通过援引全文纳入本文。
致谢
本发明是在美国国立卫生研究院提供的基金RO-I HL56728的政府支持下完成的。政府对本发明享有某些权利。
背景技术
普通儿童都知道若石龙子蜥蜴失去尾巴,那么它最终会再长出一条尾巴。另外,习惯于研究这类事物的儿童和成年人都非常清楚,很多低等动物在损伤之后能再生包括整个肢体和器官在内的非常复杂的结构。例如,鱼在相当一部分原来的心脏被切除之后,还能长成一个心脏(Poss et al.,2002)。在认识到心脏对于大部分动物每一分钟的生存都非常重要的情况下,这个结果确实出人意料。
但是,人受损伤后组织、肢体和器官的再生并不如在鱼中那么简单。尽管由机械损伤、疾病过程和其它原因所损害的人组织能愈合,但是对于复杂的组织结构和功能,即使能恢复,也很少能完全恢复。不同地,人和其它高等脊椎动物几乎所有的受损伤组织的康复都受控于瘢痕组织的形成。其最常见的实例就是皮肤切伤或擦伤愈合后依然存在的变色的和纤维变性的瘢痕。还未得到充分地认识是,脑或脊髓损伤后神经胶质瘢痕组织的形成是中枢神经系统损害后神经功能恢复的主要障碍之一(Silver andMiller JH,2004)。目前还没有在损伤后治疗或预防这种瘢痕形成以及促进复杂组织结构和功能的再生的方法。
发明内容
提供了一种包含α连接蛋白的羧基端氨基酸序列(在本文中还被称为α连接蛋白羧基端(ACT)多肽)或其保守变体的分离多肽。
本文提供了一种促进受试者组织损伤后的伤口愈合的方法,包括将本文所提供的一种或多种存在于可药用载体中的组合物(如多肽、核酸或载体)给予受试者。
所公开的方法和组合物的其它优点一部分将在随后的描述中进行阐述,一部分可从描述中得到理解或者通过实施所公开的方法和组合物获知。所公开方法和组合物的优点可通过在所附权利要求书中特别指出的要素和组合实现和获得。应理解的是,上面的概述以及随后的详细描述仅仅是示例性和解释性的,无意于对所要求保护的发明进行限制。
附图说明
并入本说明书并构成本说明书一部分的附图与说明书一起对所公开方法和组合物的几个实施方案进行了阐述,用来解释所公开方法和组合物的原理。
图1示出α连接蛋白羧基端(ACT)多肽提高了培养的新生肌细胞中Cx43间隙连接形成的程度。根据标准方法培养新生大鼠心脏的肌细胞,直至在组织培养皿上形成接近汇合的单层。随后将培养物在含有如下成分的培养基中再培养五天:(a)30μM ACT 1肽(SEQ ID NO:2)、(b)30μM非活性对照肽(SEQ ID NO:55)或(c)不含ACT肽的或对照的磷酸盐缓冲盐水(PBS)。实验期间每24小时更换添加了肽或载体对照的培养基。(a)表明相对于对照条件(b)和(c),ACT肽大大提高了肌细胞之间Cx43间隙连接形成(箭头示出的点和线)的程度。许多表达Cx43的细胞类型也在对ACT应答时增加其Cx43间隙连接形成。
图2示出ACT肽抑制划伤的转化成纤维细胞(NIH-3T3细胞)的增殖和迁移。用ACT 1肽(SEQ ID NO:2)将NIH-3T3单层预处理24小时,并用p200移液器吸头将其“划伤”。随后在(a,b)30μM ACT 1肽(SEQ ID NO:2)、(c,d)30μM非活性对照肽(SEQ ID NO:55)或(e,f)不含ACT肽或对照肽的载体对照溶液的存在下使“划伤”愈合24小时。ACT肽处理的细胞的“划伤”在24小时后保持相对未愈合状态(a),鲜有细胞(大箭头)在最初“划伤”边缘内的区域(即小的黑色箭头标记的区域内)重新长入。相反,在(c)和(e)的对照条件中,大量细胞(大箭头)已在最初的“划伤”区域内重新长入。“划伤”区域细胞的重新长入一部分是通过逐渐行至“划伤”区域的转化细胞的迁移。附图(b)、(d)和(f)示出“划伤”区域或损伤边缘的细胞的增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)免疫标记。ACT肽处理的细胞(b)仅表现出与本底和未增殖情况相一致的较低亮度。仅在(d)和(f)所示的两种对照条件下才观察到显著标记的增殖细胞(白色箭头)。这表明ACT肽也抑制了转化细胞的增殖。
图3示出在实验细胞模型中对损伤后ACT肽抑制迁移的定量结果。NIH-3T3成纤维细胞被“划伤”并将其置于图2所述的30μM ACT 1肽(SEQID NO:2)或对照条件中达24小时。图a示出24小时后ACT肽处理的细胞和非活性肽处理的对照细胞的损伤边缘。该细胞用荧光鬼笔环肽标记以助于观察。ACT肽处理的细胞显示出划伤区域(白色双头箭头)的细胞重新长入水平较低。图b示出24小时后重新长入划伤区域的细胞的面积百分比柱状图。ACT肽存在时损伤区域细胞的减少是显著的,p值小于0.000001。
图4示出在实验细胞模型的上皮细胞WB-F344中,有效连接启动子的编码ACT肽的多核苷酸的表达可抑制划伤后的迁移。WB-F344细胞是通过用致癌剂处理分离的大鼠肝细胞所得到的转化大鼠上皮细胞系(Tsao et al.,1984;Hayashi et al.,1997;Hayashi et al.,1998;Hayashi et al,2001)。用cDNA表达质粒构建体转染WB-F344细胞,并使用标准方法在抗生素条件下对其进行筛选,以形成这样一种细胞系,所述细胞系可稳定表达有效连接启动子序列的编码ACT肽的多核苷酸(SEQ ID NO.6),或者可稳定表达作为对照的有效连接启动子序列的绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)多核苷酸。编码ACT肽的多核苷酸也编码GFP。因此,ACT肽的表达可在光学显微镜下通过标准GFP荧光光学法进行分析。(a)和(b)示出表达GFP和羧基端ACT肽序列(a)或仅表达GFP(b)的WB-F344细胞系的GFP荧光高倍放大图。将WB-F344细胞系接近汇合的细胞单层“划伤”并使其“愈合”24小时。与用载体或非活性对照肽处理的NIH-3T3细胞的对照情况相似,表达GFP的对照上皮细胞系重新长入划伤区(d)。但是,在稳定表达有效连接启动子序列的编码ACT肽的多核苷酸的上皮细胞系中,划伤细胞的重新长入受到抑制(c)。
图5示出ACT肽在新生小鼠切开性皮肤损伤后减轻炎症、促进愈合并减少瘢痕形成。通过低体温使新生小鼠脱敏。使用手术刀穿过肩胛骨之间的背中线的整层皮肤(下至下层肌肉水平)制成一个4mm长的切开性皮肤损伤。然后将30μl不含(对照)或含有溶解的ACT 1肽(SEQ ID NO:2)(浓度为60μM)的20%Pluronic(F-127)凝胶溶液施用至切口损伤处。随后,对照或含有ACT肽的凝胶在第一次施用后24小时再次施用。第二次施用之后不再施用对照和含ACT肽的凝胶。到48小时时,与没有接受ACT肽的对照损伤(b)相比,ACT肽处理的损伤(a)显著地闭合更好、发炎较少、肿胀较轻(注意伤口边缘的隆起),并且通常愈合形态更好。对照和ACT肽和对照处理的伤口之间炎症、肿胀和愈合的差异在72小时(c、d)和96小时(e、f)时保持一致。第7天时,ACT肽伤口(g)的形态较对照肽处理的损伤(h)的要平滑并且瘢痕较少。注:示出的是同一动物的同一损伤在愈合期间的不同时间点的图。
图6示出ACT肽在成年小鼠较大切除性皮肤损伤后减轻炎症、促进愈合并减少瘢痕形成。使用精细的手术剪在麻醉的成年小鼠肩胛骨之间的背中线(下至皮肤下层的肌肉)制成8mm宽的环形切除性皮肤损伤(即(a)和(b)所示)。通过在塑料片上剪出8mm宽环形模板标记出损伤边界。然后将100μl不含(对照)或含有溶解ACT 1肽(SEQ ID NO:2)(浓度为100μM)的30%Pluronic凝胶溶液施用至切除性损伤处。随后,对照或含有ACT肽的凝胶在第一次施用后24小时再次施用。第二次施用之后不再施用对照和含ACT肽的凝胶。在14天期间,ACT肽处理的较大切除性损伤(a,c,e,g,i)较没有ACT肽处理的对照损伤(b,d,f,h,j)闭合更快、外在炎症减轻、愈合更快并且瘢痕较少。事实上,第14天的对照损伤依然显示出有部分结痂,这表明损伤的快速愈合并不彻底(j)。注:示出的是同一动物的同一损伤在愈合期间的不同时间点的图。
图7示出ACT肽在成年小鼠切除性皮肤损伤后减少炎症细胞的密度。在图6所述实验中的切除性损伤后24小时对其中一些小鼠的整个伤口部位进行皮肤活组织检查。图(a)和(b)分别为示出对照和ACT肽处理损伤的伤口中心附近的横截面的低倍放大视图。在两种情况下均可观察到由正常组织学形态的皮肤形成边界的伤口边缘(由小箭头标记)。黑色方框置于(a)和(b)图中的左侧伤口边缘上。这两个方框内的对照和ACT肽处理组织的组织学结构分别在(c)和(d)以较高放大倍数示出。最引人注意的是从损伤的基底部分向损伤的伤口边缘和损伤外表面投射的整齐排布的纤维物质(箭头所示)的“领状”组织。对照损伤(d)中整齐排布的纤维基质的形态较ACT肽处理损伤(c)的形态构成有序得多。此外,还有相当低密度的炎症细胞散布于ACT肽处理组织的纤维基质中。这在(e)和(f)得到确认,其中(d)和(c)示出的黑色方框内的组织切片区域分别以较高放大倍数示出。散布于整齐排列的纤维基质的炎症细胞包括肥大细胞、嗜中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞。对照损伤中的这些炎症细胞的密度较ACT肽处理损伤中的这些炎症细胞的密度高的多。
图8示出ACT肽在成年小鼠切除性皮肤损伤后促进愈合、减少瘢痕形成和促进复杂的组织结构再生。在图6所述实验的第14天结束时,对整个切除性损伤进行皮肤活组织检查并对这些皮肤样本的组织切片进行H&E组织化学染色。图(a)和(b)分别示出ACT肽和对照的伤口中心附近的横截面的低倍放大视图。在两种情况下均可观察到由正常组织学形态的皮肤形成边界的伤口边缘(由小箭头标记)。黑色方框置于(a)和(b)图中的每个损伤的中心附近。这两个方框内的ACT肽和对照组织的组织学结构分别在(c)和(d)以较高放大倍数示出。很显然,ACT肽处理损伤位置内的组织更为复杂。在ACT肽处理的伤口外表面有一层连续的上皮细胞,表明损伤表面的上皮再形成是完全的,纵使伤口中心附近的上皮组织还相对较薄(c)。已观察到再生毛囊是从包覆愈合损伤的新上皮组织中的干细胞重新分化的(c,小箭头)。相比较而言,对照损伤的损伤表面的上皮再形成是不完全的,并且没有毛囊在上皮组织中再生的迹象(d)。在ACT肽处理的损伤皮肤重新形成的上皮组织下层,观察到正常组织复杂性的相当程度的恢复,并且腺体结构、纤维组织和结缔组织、血管组织、肌肉和脂肪细胞都很明显(a,c)。如同毛囊一样,该组织复杂性是通过干细胞的分化再生的。相反,在对照损伤中,伤口组织完全由均一和大块的纤维化瘢痕组织(b,d)占据,同时,在该瘢痕组织内,组织结构的其它复杂性不太明显。
图9示出ACT肽在成年小鼠切除性皮肤损伤后减轻炎症、促进愈合和减少瘢痕形成。使用精细的手术剪在麻醉的成年小鼠颈部和(上侧)背部剪出两个小的(直径为5mm)切除性皮肤伤口。通过在塑料片上剪出5mm宽环形模板标记出损伤边界。然后将50-60μl不含(对照)或含有溶解的一种ACT肽(ACT 2-SEQ ID NO:1、ACT 1-SEQ ID NO:2、ACT 3-SEQ ID NO:3、ACT 4-SEQ ID NO:4或ACT 5-SEQ ID NO:5)(浓度为100μM)的20%Pluronic凝胶溶液施用至切除性损伤处。随后,对照或含有ACT肽的凝胶在第一次施用后24小时再次施用。第二次施用之后不再施用对照和含ACT肽的凝胶。可注意到,在240小时期间(10天),ACT 1(e-h)、ACT 2(i-l)、ACT 3(m-p)和ACT 5(u-x)肽处理的切除性损伤较没有ACT肽处理的对照损伤(a-d)闭合更快,外在炎症显著减轻,愈合更快并且瘢痕较少。在此期间,ACT4肽(q-t)相对于对照在愈合方面也表现出中等程度的改进,但是不如其它肽。注:示出的是同一动物的同一伤口在愈合期间不同时间点的图。
图10示出ACT肽在成年大鼠脑贯通伤(penetration injury)后减少形成神经胶质瘢痕的星形细胞的数量和密度。(b)和(c)为低倍放大视图,示出填充有ACT肽(100μM)加载体凝胶(b)或作为对照的胶原载体凝胶(c)的中空纤维膜(HFM)植入物周围的脑组织(皮质)切片。在对照组织中(c),在HFM所致损伤部位附近观察到高密度的免疫标记的GFAP阳性星形细胞。这些细胞的密度似乎在损伤远端略有下降。相反,在填充有ACT肽的HFM附近观察到密度低得多的GFAP阳性星形细胞(b)。事实上,GFAP阳性细胞的水平与正常未损伤脑组织中观察到的基本相同。图(b)和(c)白色方框内的组织区域分别在(d)和(e)中以高倍放大形式示出。在ACT肽处理的脑损伤中(d),可观察到GFAP阳性星形细胞与在对照损伤(e)中观察到的相比不仅较少,而且更小。
图11示出ATC肽在成年大鼠脑贯通伤后有助于神经元的维持以及神经元的再生。(a)和(b)为低倍放大视图,示出在脑贯通伤后一周填充有对照胶原载体凝胶或ACT肽加载体凝胶的HFM植入物(植入物或损伤边缘由箭头示出)周围的脑组织(皮质)切片。在对照组织(b)中,在HFM所致损伤部位附近观察到高密度免疫标记的GFAP阳性星形细胞和低密度NeuN免疫标记的神经元。这些细胞的密度似乎分别在损伤远端降低和升高。相反,在填充有ACT肽(a)的HFM附近(以及远端)观察到密度低得多的GFAP阳性星形细胞和更多的NeuN免疫标记神经元。(a)和(b)中HFM附近区域分别在(c)和(b)的高倍放大视图中示出。与ACT肽处理的组织(c)相比,在对照组织(d)中也观察到密度显著增加的GFAP阳性星形细胞和密度减少的NeuN阳性神经元。在含ACT肽的HFM附近观察到了补偿模式,NeuN阳性神经元明显多于星形细胞(c)。值得注意的是,(c)所示高倍放大视图表明,相对于对照(d),频繁出现处于细胞核分裂过程中的神经元。
具体实施方式
通过参照下文对具体实施方案和其中包含的实施例的详细描述并参照附图以及之前之后对其的描述,使所公开方法和组合物更容易理解。
提供了一种分离多肽,包含α连接蛋白的羧基端氨基酸序列(在本文中也成为α连接蛋白羧基端(ACT)多肽)或其保守变体。一方面,在组织损伤后,所提供的ACT多肽可减轻炎症、促进愈合、减少瘢痕形成、增加抗拉强度并促进复杂组织的再生。另一方面,所提供的多肽增大了由连接蛋白所形成的间隙连接通道聚集体的范围。
应理解的是,除非另外指出,所公开的组合物和方法并不限于特定的合成方法、特定分析技术或者具体试剂,因此可有所变化。还应理解的是,本文所使用的术语目的仅在于对具体的实施方案进行描述,而无意于对其进行限制。
公开了可用于所公开方法和组合物的、可与所公开方法和组合物一起使用的、可用于制备所公开方法和组合物的产品的和作为所公开方法和组合物的产品的物质、组合物和组分。在本文中公开了这些物质和其他物质,应当理解的是,在公开这些物质的组合、子集、相互作用和群组等的时候,尽管关于这些化合物的每种不同的个体和集体的组合和排列可能并未明确地公开,但每种都在此被特别地考虑和描述。例如,如果公开和讨论了一种载体,并且讨论了多种包括启动子在内的载体组分,则除非另外特别指明,启动子和其它载体组分的每一种组合和排列以及可能的改变均得到特别地考虑。因此,如果公开了一类分子A、B和C,并且还公开了一类分子D、E和F以及组合分子A-D的实例,则即使没有每个逐一列举,每个也单独和共同得到考虑。因此,在这个实例中,A-E,A-F,B-D,B-E,B-F,C-D,C-E以及C-F的每个组合也被特别地予以考虑,并且认为上述每一个组合也因为A、B和C;D、E和F;以及组合分子A-D的公开而被公开。同样,这些分子的任何子集或组合也被特别地予以考虑和公开。因此,例如,A-E,B-F和C-E的子群也被特别地予以考虑,并且因为A、B和C;D、E和F;以及组合分子A-D的公开而被公开。将这一概念适用于本申请的所有方面,包括但不限于制备和应用公开组合物的方法中的步骤。因此,如果有多个其他步骤可以实施,应当理解的是,所述其他步骤的每一步都可以以所公开方法的任何具体实施方案或实施方案的组合来实施,并且每种这样的组合都被特别地予以考虑和公开。
本文提供了多个序列,这些序列和其它序列可在Genbank(www.pubmed.gov)找到。本领域的技术人员知晓如何分辨序列偏差和差异以及如何将与组合物和方法相关的具体序列调整为其它相关序列。根据本文所公开以及本领域已知的信息,可对任何给定序列设计引物和/或探针。
本文所提供的多肽可为包含α连接蛋白羧基最末端多个氨基酸的任何多肽,其中所述多肽不包含全长α连接蛋白。因此,一方面,所提供的多肽不含α连接蛋白的胞质N端结构域。另一方面,所提供的多肽不含α连接蛋白的两个胞外结构域。另一方面,所提供的多肽不含α连接蛋白的四个跨膜结构域。另一方面,所提供的多肽不含α连接蛋白的胞质环状结构域。另一方面,所提供的多肽不含邻近第四跨膜结构域的α连接蛋白的胞质羧基端结构域的部分序列。α连接蛋白中存在保守脯氨酸或甘氨酸残基,它始终位于距离羧基最末端的氨基酸大约17至30个氨基酸的位置(表2)。例如,对于人Cx43,第363位氨基酸脯氨酸残基距离羧基最末端的异亮氨酸19个氨基酸。在另一个实例中,对于鸡Cx43,第362位氨基酸脯氨酸残基距离羧基最末端的异亮氨酸18个氨基酸。在另一个实例中,对于人Cx45,第377位氨基酸甘氨酸残基距离羧基最末端的异亮氨酸19个氨基酸。在另一个实例中,对于大鼠Cx33,第258位氨基酸脯氨酸残基距离羧基最末端的甲硫氨酸28个氨基酸。因此,另一方面,所提供的多肽不包含与α连接蛋白的所述保守脯氨酸或甘氨酸残基相邻的氨基酸。因此,所提供的多肽可包含α连接蛋白的羧基最末端的4至30个氨基酸,包括α连接蛋白的羧基最末端的4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、28、29、30个氨基酸。
所提供的肽中α连接蛋白羧基最末端的氨基酸的侧翼可含有非α连接蛋白或非ACT肽连接蛋白氨基酸。本文提供了非α连接蛋白和非ACT连接蛋白氨基酸侧翼的实例。非ACT连接蛋白氨基酸的一个实例为人Cx43羧基端的20至120个氨基酸(SEQ ID NO:72)。另一个实例为鸡Cx43羧基端的20至120个氨基酸(SEQ ID NO:73)。另一个实例为人Cx45羧基端的20至120个氨基酸(SEQ ID NO:74)。另一个实例为鸡Cx45羧基端的20至120个氨基酸(SEQ ID NO:75)。另一个实例为人Cx37羧基端的20至120个氨基酸(SEQ ID NO:76)。另一个实例为大鼠Cx33羧基端的20至120个氨基酸(SEQ ID NO:77)。
非α连接蛋白的一个实例为增强型绿色荧光蛋白的239氨基酸序列(图4示出ACT1与GFP功能性融合;SEQ ID NO:78)。另一方面,由于已表明ACT1与GFP的239氨基酸序列的羧基端融合时具有功能(如图4),ACT肽的侧翼最多有至少239个氨基酸的非连接蛋白多肽时,ACT肽有望保持其功能。事实上,只要维持ACT肽序列作为某一给定多肽的游离羧基端,则所述ACT肽就能接近其靶标。因此,除所述ACT肽之外的氨基酸超过239个的多肽具有在损伤后减轻炎症、促进愈合、增加抗拉强度、减少瘢痕形成并促进复杂组织再生的功能。
连接蛋白是负责细胞间通讯的间隙连接通道的亚基蛋白(Goodenoughand Paul,2003)。基于核苷酸序列的保守模式,编码连接蛋白的基因可分为被称为α和β连接蛋白基因的两个家族。α连接蛋白羧基最末端的氨基酸序列的特征在于具有多个独特和保守的特征(参见表2)。这种构成上的保守与ACT肽的如下能力相一致:形成独特的3D结构、与多个伴侣蛋白相互作用、介导与脂质和膜的相互作用、与包括DNA在内的核酸相互作用、通过和/或阻断膜通道以及提供蛋白酶剪切、蛋白质交联、ADP-核糖基化、糖基化和磷酸化的共有基序。因此,所提供的多肽可与蛋白质的这样一种结构域相互作用,所述结构域通常介导所述蛋白与α连接蛋白的羧基端结合。例如,肾胚细胞瘤过表达蛋白(NOV)与Cx43羧基端结构域相互作用(Fu et al,J Biol Chem.2004 279(35):36943-50)。认为这种蛋白质和其它蛋白质可与α连接蛋白的羧基端相互作用,并且还可与其它蛋白质相互作用,形成大分子复合物。因此,所提供的多肽可抑制分子机制例如一种参与调节Cx43间隙连接通道的聚集的分子机制发挥作用。
本文所使用的“抑制”、“阻止”和“阻滞”意味着降低(减轻)活性、反应性,病症、疾病或其它生物参数。这可包括但不限于活性、反应性、病症或疾病的完全丧失或根除。这还可包括与天然或对照水平相比,活性、反应性、病症或疾病降低或了10%。因此,与天然或对照水平相比,该降低或减轻可为10、20、30、40、50、60、70、80、90、100%,或者这之间任何量的降低或缓解。
所提供多肽的ACT序列可来自任何α连接蛋白。因此,所提供多肽的α连接蛋白组分可来自人、鼠类、牛、单孔类(monotrene)、有袋类、灵长类、啮齿类、鲸类、哺乳动物、禽类、爬行类、两栖类、鱼类、脊索动物、原索动物或其它来源的α连接蛋白。
因此,所提供多肽可包含选自下列的连接蛋白的ACT:小鼠连接蛋白47、人连接蛋白47、人连接蛋白46.6、牛连接蛋白46.6、小鼠连接蛋白30.2、大鼠连接蛋白30.2、人连接蛋白31.9、狗连接蛋白31.9、绵羊连接蛋白44、牛连接蛋白44、大鼠连接蛋白33、小鼠连接蛋白33、人连接蛋白36、小鼠连接蛋白36、大鼠连接蛋白36、狗连接蛋白36、鸡连接蛋白36、斑马鱼连接蛋白36、石鮨连接蛋白35、石鮨连接蛋白35、蝾螈连接蛋白35、鲀属(Tetraodon)连接蛋白36、人连接蛋白37、黑猩猩连接蛋白37、狗连接蛋白37、仓鼠属(Cricetulus)连接蛋白37、小鼠连接蛋白37、黄金仓鼠属(Mesocricetus)连接蛋白37、大鼠连接蛋白37、小鼠连接蛋白39、大鼠连接蛋白39、人连接蛋白40.1、非洲蟾蜍属连接蛋白38、斑马鱼连接蛋白39.9、人连接蛋白40、黑猩猩连接蛋白40、狗连接蛋白40、牛连接蛋白40、小鼠连接蛋白40、大鼠连接蛋白40、仓鼠属连接蛋白40、鸡连接蛋白40、人连接蛋白43、长尾猴属(Cercopithecus)连接蛋白43、真兔属(Oryctolagus)连接蛋白43、掘地小粟鼠属(Spermophilus)连接蛋白43、仓鼠属连接蛋白43、毛跖鼠属(Phodopus)连接蛋白43、大鼠连接蛋白43、猪属(Sus)连接蛋白43、黄金仓鼠属连接蛋白43、小鼠连接蛋白43、豚鼠属(Cavia)连接蛋白43、牛连接蛋白43、猬属(Erinaceus)连接蛋白43、鸡连接蛋白43、非洲蟾蜍属连接蛋白43、真兔属连接蛋白43、鲤属(Cyprinus)连接蛋白43、斑马鱼连接蛋白43、红蚌鱼丹(Danio aequipinnatus)连接蛋白43、斑马鱼连接蛋白43.4、斑马鱼连接蛋白44.2、斑马鱼连接蛋白44.1、人连接蛋白45、黑猩猩连接蛋白45、狗连接蛋白45、小鼠连接蛋白45、牛连接蛋白45、大鼠连接蛋白45、鸡连接蛋白45、鲀属连接蛋白45、鸡连接蛋白45、人连接蛋白46、黑猩猩连接蛋白46、小鼠连接蛋白46、狗连接蛋白46、大鼠连接蛋白46、黄金仓鼠属连接蛋白46、仓鼠属连接蛋白46、鸡连接蛋白56、斑马鱼连接蛋白39.9、牛连接蛋白49、人连接蛋白50、黑猩猩连接蛋白50、大鼠连接蛋白50、小鼠连接蛋白50、狗连接蛋白50、绵羊连接蛋白49、黄金仓鼠属连接蛋白50、仓鼠属连接蛋白50、鸡连接蛋白50、人连接蛋白59或其它α连接蛋白。α连接蛋白的氨基酸序列为本领域所知并且包括表1中由编号所表示的氨基酸序列。
表1:α连接蛋白
蛋白质 | 编号No. | 蛋白质 | 编号No. |
小鼠连接蛋白47人连接蛋白47人连接蛋白46.6牛连接蛋白46.6小鼠连接蛋白30.2大鼠连接蛋白30.2人连接蛋白31.9狗连接蛋白31.9羊连接蛋白44牛连接蛋白44大鼠连接蛋白33小鼠连接蛋白33人连接蛋白36小鼠连接蛋白36大鼠连接蛋白36狗连接蛋白36鸡连接蛋白36斑马鱼连接蛋白36石鮨连接蛋白35石鮨连接蛋白35蝾螈连接蛋白35鲀属连接蛋白36人连接蛋白37黑猩猩连接蛋白37狗连接蛋白37仓鼠属连接蛋白37小鼠连接蛋白37黄金仓鼠属连接蛋白37大鼠连接蛋白37小鼠连接蛋白39大鼠连接蛋白39人连接蛋白40.1非洲蟾蜍属连接蛋白38斑马鱼连接蛋白39.9人连接蛋白40黑猩猩连接蛋白40狗连接蛋白40牛连接蛋白40小鼠连接蛋白40大鼠连接蛋白40仓鼠属连接蛋白40鸡连接蛋白40人连接蛋白43长尾猴属连接蛋白43真兔属连接蛋白43掘地小粟鼠属连接蛋白43仓鼠属连接蛋白43 | NP_536702AAH89439AAB94511XP_582393NP_848711XP_343966AAM18801XP_548134AAD56220I46053P28233AAR28037Q9UKL4NP_034420NP_062154XP_544602NP_989913NP_919401AAC31884AAC31885BAC22077CAG06428I55593XP_524658XP_539602AAR98615AAH56613AAS83433AAH86576NP_694726AAN17801NP_699199AAH73347NP_997991NP_859054XP_513754XP_540273XP_587676AAH53054AAH70935AAP37454NP_990835P17302AAR33082AAR33084AAR33086AAO61858 | 毛跖鼠连接蛋白43大鼠连接蛋白43猪属连接蛋白43黄金仓鼠属连接蛋白43小鼠连接蛋白43豚鼠属连接蛋白43牛连接接蛋白43猬属连接蛋白43鸡连接蛋白43非洲蟾蜍属连接蛋白43真兔属连接蛋白43鲤属连接蛋白43斑马鱼连接蛋白43红蚌鱼丹连接蛋白43斑马鱼连接蛋白43.4斑马鱼连接蛋白44.2斑马鱼连接蛋白44.1人连接蛋白45黑猩猩连接蛋白45狗连接蛋白45小鼠连接蛋白45牛连接蛋白45大鼠连接蛋白45鸡连接蛋白45鲀属连接蛋白45鸡连接蛋白45.6人连接蛋白46黑猩猩连接蛋白46小鼠连接蛋白46狗连接蛋白46大鼠连接蛋白46黄金仓鼠属连接蛋白46仓鼠属连接蛋白46鸡连接蛋白56斑马鱼连接蛋白39.9牛连接蛋白49人连接蛋白50黑猩猩连接蛋白50大鼠连接蛋白50小鼠连接蛋白50狗连接蛋白50绵羊连接蛋白49黄金仓鼠属连接蛋白50仓鼠属连接蛋白50鸡连接蛋白50人连接蛋白59 | AAR33085AAH81842AAR33087AAO61857AAH55375AAU06305NP_776493AAR33083AAA53027NP_988856AAS89649AAG17938CAH69066AAC19098NP_571144AAH45279NP_571884I38430XP_511557XP_548059AAH71230XP_588395AAN17802NP_990834CAF93782I50219NP_068773XP_522616NP_058671XP_543178NP_077352AAS83437AAS77618A45338NP_997991XP_602360P48165XP_524857NP_703195AAG59880XP_540274AAF01367AAS83438AAR98618BAA05381AAG09406 |
因此,所提供多肽可包含氨基酸序列SEQ ID NO:1、SEQ ID NO:29、SEQ ID NO:30、SEQ ID NO:31、SEQ ID NO:32、SEQ ID NO:33、SEQ ID NO:34、SEQ ID NO:35、SEQ ID NO:36、SEQ ID NO:37、SEQ ID NO:38、SEQ ID NO:39、SEQ ID NO:40、SEQ ID NO:41、SEQ ID NO:43、SEQ ID NO:90或ID NO:91或它们的保守变体或片段。
α连接蛋白羧基最末端20-30个氨基酸的序列的特征在于独特和保守的构成。该独特和保守的构成包括II型PDZ结合基序(Φ-x-Φ;其中x=任何氨基酸,Φ=疏水性氨基酸;如表2黑体所示)以及与该基序相邻的脯氨酸(P)和/或甘氨酸(G)铰链残基,高频率出现的磷酸-丝氨酸(S)和/或磷酸-苏氨酸(T)残基,以及高频率出现的带正电的精氨酸(R)、赖氨酸(K)和带负电的天冬氨酸(D)或谷氨酸(E)氨基酸。对于很多α连接蛋白,P和G残基出现在与羧基端II型PDZ结合基序相邻的成簇基序(clustered motif)中(如表2斜体表示)。大部分α连接蛋白的S和T磷酸氨基酸通常还构成了成簇的重复样基序(如表2下划线所示)。具体到Cx43的情况时,该构成中羧基最末端20个氨基酸的90%由后七种氨基酸构成。在高度保守的序列的另一实例中,Cx43的ACT肽构成在人和鱼类之间高度保守(如比较表2中的人和斑马鱼的Cx43ACT序列)。在另一实例中,Cx45的ACT肽构成在人和鸟类之间高度保守(如比较表2中的人和鸡的Cx45ACT序列)。在另一实例中,Cx36的ACT肽构成在灵长类和鱼类之间高度保守(如比较表2中的黑猩猩和斑马鱼的Cx36ACT序列)。
表2.α连接蛋白羧基端(ACT)氨基酸序列
基因 | 序列 | SEQ ID NO |
人αCx43鸡αCx43斑马鱼αCx43人αCx45鸡αCx45人αCx46人αCx46.6黑猩猩αCx36鸡αCx36斑马鱼αCx36人αCx47人αCx40人αCx50人αCx59大鼠αCx33绵羊αCx44人βCx26 | P SSRA SSRA SSR PRP D DLEIP S RA SSR A SSR PRP DDLEIP CSRA SSRM SSRA R P D DLDVG SNKS TA SSKS GDGKN SVWIG SNKSS A SSKS GDGKN SVWIG RA SKAS RASS GRARP E DLAIG SASS RD G K TVWIP RVSV PNFG R TQ SSD SAYVP RMSM PNFG R TQ SSD S AYVP RMSM PNFG R TQ SSD S AYVP RAGSEK G SASS RDGKT TVWIG HRL PHG YHSDKRRL SKASS KARSD DLSVP ELTTDDAR P LSRL SKASSRARSD DLTVP NHVV SLTN NLI GRRVP T DLQIPS CV SSS A VLTTIC SS DQVV PVG L SS FYMGR SSKA SKSS GG RARAA DLAILC YLLIR YCSGK SKKPV | (SEQ IDNO:1)(SEQ ID NO:29)(SEQ ID NO:90)(SEQ ID NO:30)(SEQ ID NO:31)SEQ ID NO:32)(SEQ ID NO:33)(SEQ ID NO:34)(SEQ ID NO:35)(SEQ ID NO:91)(SEQ ID NO:36)(SEQ ID NO:37)(SEQ ID NO:38)(SEQ ID NO:39)(SEQ ID NO:40)(SEQ ID NO:41)(SEQ ID NO:42) |
因此,一方面,所提供的多肽包含选自下列的一个、两个、三个或全部氨基酸基序:1)II型PDZ结合基序;2)脯氨酸(P)和/或甘氨酸(G)铰链残基;3)磷酸丝氨酸(S)和/或磷酸苏氨酸(T)残基簇;以及4)高频率出现的带正电的精氨酸(R)和赖氨酸(K)以及带负电的天冬氨酸(D)和/或谷氨酸(E)氨基酸。另一方面,所提供的多肽包含羧基端的II型PDZ结合基序、与该PDZ结合基序相邻的脯氨酸(P)和/或甘氨酸(G)铰链残基以及与该铰链残基相邻的带正电残基(K、R、D、E)。
PDZ结构域最初被鉴定为突触后密度蛋白(postsynaptic densityprotein)PSD95/SAP90、果蝇(Drosophila)肿瘤抑制基因dlg-A和紧密连接蛋白(tight junction protein)ZO-1内的保守序列元件。尽管最初被称为GLGF或DHR基序,但是现在人们都把它们表示为PDZ,PDZ是最初发现含有该基序的三种蛋白质(PSD95/DLG/ZO-1)的首字母缩写。这些80-90氨基酸序列现已在75种以上蛋白质中得到鉴定,并在单一的蛋白质内就特征性地以多个拷贝得以表达。因此,一方面,所提供的多肽能抑制α连接蛋白结合包含PDZ结构域的蛋白质。PDZ结构域为一种特定类型的蛋白质相互作用构件(module),该构件具有结构非常明确、可由PDZ-结合基序(在本文中被称为“PDZ”基序)填充的相互作用“袋”。PDZ基序通常但并非总是位于胞内羧基最末端的共有序列。已分出四类PDZ基序:I型(S/T-x-Φ)、II型(Φ-x-Φ)、III型(Ψ-x-Φ)以及IV型(D-x-V),其中x为任何氨基酸,Φ为疏水残基(V、I、L、A、G、W、C、M、F),Ψ为碱性亲水残基(H、R、K)(Songyang,Z.,et al.1997.Science 275,73-77)。因此,一方面,所提供的多肽包含II型PDZ结合基序。
已注意到α Cx37的羧基最末端的18个氨基酸的序列代表了ACT肽主题中的一个例外变体。该Cx37ACT样序列为GQKPPSRPSSSASKKQ*YV(SEQ IDNO:43)。因此,Cx37羧基端的四个氨基酸仅有一部分与II型PDZ结合结构域相符。与典型的II型PDZ结合结构域不同,Cx37在本来预计为疏水氨基酸的第二位具有一个中性Q*。因此,Cx37包含可能被称为II型PDZ结合结构域样序列的序列。尽管如此,Cx37严格保持着ACT肽构成的所有其他方面,包括与PDZ结合结构域样序列相邻的成簇丝氨酸残基、高频率出现的R和K残基和富含P的序列。考虑到该ACT样构成的保守性的整体水平与上面列出的其它>70α连接蛋白相一致,则可以理解,Cx37 ACT样羧基端以所提供的能力起作用。
为了比较,表2给出了β连接蛋白Cx26。Cx26不具有羧基端II型PDZ结合基序;不到30%的羧基最末端氨基酸由S、T、R、D或E残基构成;没有证据表明含P和G铰链残基簇的基序与II型PDZ结合基序或PDZ样基序相邻;并且没有证据表明存在丝氨酸和苏氨酸磷酸化氨基酸的成簇重复样基序。Cx26的确有三个赖氨酸(K)残基,在所述序列羧基端附近彼此接连成簇。但是,在上文罗列的>70α连接蛋白中,并没有发现所研究的α连接蛋白呈现出在羧基端有三个重复K残基结构域这一特征(Cx26为β连接蛋白,因此在定义上就不含ACT结构域)。
本文提供的这段相对较短的氨基酸的独特功能性特征在减轻炎症、促进愈合、减少瘢痕形成、增加抗拉强度以及促进复杂组织结构再生中具有意料之外的作用,并且在不同组织如皮肤和脑损伤后起作用。因此,一方面,所提供多肽包含II型PDZ结合基序(Φ-x-Φ,其中x=任何氨基酸,Φ=疏水性氨基酸)。另一方面,所提供ACT多肽超过50%、60%、70%、80%、90%的氨基酸由一个或多个脯氨酸(P)、甘氨酸(G)、磷酸丝氨酸(S)、磷酸苏氨酸(T)、精氨酸(R)、赖氨酸(K)、天冬氨酸(D)或谷氨酸(E)氨基酸残基构成。
氨基酸脯氨酸(P)、甘氨酸(G)、精氨酸(R)、赖氨酸(K)、天冬氨酸(D)和谷氨酸(E)为蛋白质结构和功能的必需决定子。脯氨酸和甘氨酸残基可在蛋白质的3D结构中提供紧密转角,能形成功能所需的多肽的折叠构象。带电氨基酸序列通常位于折叠蛋白质的表面,是多肽介导的化学相互作用所必需的,所述化学相互作用包括蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用、蛋白质-脂质相互作用、酶-底物相互作用以及蛋白质-核酸相互作用。因此,另一方面,与II型PDZ结合基序相邻的脯氨酸(P)和甘氨酸(G)赖氨酸(K)、天冬氨酸(D)和谷氨酸(E)富集的区域可提供所提供的ACT肽的作用所必需的性质。另一方面,所提供的多肽包含与II型PDZ结合基序相邻的脯氨酸(P)和甘氨酸(G)赖氨酸(K)、天冬氨酸(D)和/或谷氨酸(E)富集的区域。
磷酸化是最常见的蛋白质翻译后修饰,并且在调整或修饰蛋白质结构和功能中至关重要。由磷酸化修饰的蛋白质结构和功能的方面包括蛋白质构象、蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用、蛋白质-脂质相互作用、蛋白质-核酸相互作用、通道门控、蛋白质运输和蛋白质转化。因此,一方面,磷酸丝氨酸(S)和/或磷酸苏氨酸(T)富集的序列对于改变ACT肽的功能、提高或降低多肽在其提供作用中的有效性是必需的。另一方面,所提供多肽包含丝氨酸(S)和/或磷酸苏氨酸(T)富集的序列或基序。
另一个实例中,鉴于ACT肽的定义,根据低等动物如鱼中较高程度的组织/器官再生潜能,甲硫氨酸幸而出现在斑马鱼Cx43的ACT序列的氨基端附近(表2)。除了编码甲硫氨酸,甲硫氨酸碱基对三联体为一个备选翻译起始位点。若翻译始于该甲硫氨酸,则可产生序列SSRARPDDLDV(SEQ IDNO:90)。该翻译产物保持标准ACT肽全部的保守和独特特征。具体而言,该肽包含羧基端II型PDZ结合结构域和与该PDZ结合结构域相邻的富含P、R和D残基的结构域。另外,该序列在其氨基端包含可能调节ACT肽功能的成簇S基序。这使人非常有兴趣地预期具有较高组织/器官再生潜能的动物如鱼可直接翻译ACT肽序列。
因此,所提供多肽包含人Cx43的羧基端序列。因此,所提供多肽可包含氨基酸序列SEQ ID NO:1或SEQ ID NO:2。该多肽可含有人Cx40羧基端的9个氨基酸。因此,该多肽包含氨基酸序列SEQ ID NO:5。
本文提及具体蛋白质时,考虑了变体、衍生物和片段。蛋白质变体和衍生物为本领域的普通技术人员所熟知,并且可氨基酸序列修饰物。例如,氨基酸序列修饰物一般分为三类中的一类或一类以上:置换型变体、插入型变体或缺失型变体。插入包括氨基端和/或羧基端融合以及一个或多个氨基酸残基的序列内插入。插入通常为比氨基端或羧基端融合改变程度小的插入,例如,数量级为一至四个残基的插入。缺失的特征在于将一个或多个氨基酸残基从蛋白质序列上除去。这些变体通常通过如下方法制备:对编码蛋白质的DNA中的核苷酸进行位点特异性诱变,由此产生编码变体的DNA,随后在重组细胞培养物中表达该DNA。在序列已知的DNA上的预定位点进行置换突变的技术已为人熟知,包括例如M13引物诱变和PCR诱变。氨基酸置换通常为单个氨基酸的置换,但可同时出现在多个不同位点;插入的数量级通常为约1至10个氨基酸残基。缺失或插入优选在一对相邻的氨基酸进行,即缺失两个残基或插入两个残基。置换、缺失、插入或其任一组合可联合起来获得最终构建体。突变不可将序列置于读框之外,并且优选不形成可能产生二级mRNA结构的互补区域,除非mRNA二级结构中需要这样的变化。置换变体为其中至少一个残基被除去并且在其位置插入了不同的残基的变体。这类置换通常依据以下表3进行,并将其称为保守置换。
表3:氨基酸置换
原始残基 | 示例性置换 |
AlaArgAsnAspCysGInGIuGIyHisIleLeuLysMetPheProSerThrTrpTyrVal | SerLysGlnGluSerAsnAspProGlnLeu;ValIle;ValArg;GlnLeu;IleMet;Leu;TyrGlyThrSerTyrTrp;PheIle;Leu |
例如,用另一个生物学和/或化学相似的氨基酸置换一个氨基酸为本领域的技术人员所熟知的保守置换。例如,保守置换可为用一个疏水性残基置换另一个疏水性残基,或者用一个极性残基置换另一个极性残基。置换可包括表3所示组合。每个明确公开的序列的保守置换变化形式均包含在本文提供的多肽内。
一般而言,保守置换对所得多肽的生物学活性影响甚微乃至没有。在一个具体实例中,保守置换为肽的氨基酸置换,该置换基本不影响肽的生物学功能。肽可包含一个或多个氨基酸置换,例如2-10个保守置换,2-5个保守置换,4-9个保守置换,例如2、5或10个保守置换。
通过使用例如标准方法例如定向诱变或PCR对编码多肽的核苷酸序列进行操作,可产生得到含有一个或多个保守置换的多肽。或者,通过使用标准肽合成方法可产生得到含有一个或多个保守置换的多肽。可采用丙氨酸扫描(alanine scan)来鉴定蛋白质中的哪个氨基酸残基可允许氨基酸置换。在一个实例中,丙氨酸或其它保守氨基酸(例如下文罗列的那些氨基酸)置换一个或多个天然氨基酸时,该肽的生物学活性降低不超过25%,例如不超过20%,例如不超过10%。
关于保守置换的其他信息可参见Ben-Bassat et al.,(J.Bacteriol.169:751-7,1987),O′Regan et al.,(Gene 77:237-51,1989),Sahin-Tothet al,(Protein Sci.3:240-7,1994),Hochuli et al.,(Bio/Technology6:1321-5,1988)以及遗传学和分子生物学的标准教材等。
可采用置换或缺失诱变来插入N-糖基化(Asn-X-Thr/Ser)或O-糖基化(Ser或Thr)位点。半胱氨酸或其它不稳定残基的缺失也可以是所需要的。潜在蛋白酶解位点例如Arg的缺失或置换可通过使其中一个碱性残基缺失或者用谷氨酰胺酰或组氨酰残基置换一个残基完成。
某些翻译后衍生作用是由于重组宿主细胞对表达多肽的作用所致。谷氨酰氨酰和天冬酰胺酰残基通常在翻译后脱去酰胺基成为相应的谷氨酰和天冬氨酰残基。或者,在温和的酸性环境中使这些残基脱去酰胺基。其它翻译后修饰包括脯氨酸和赖氨酸的羟基化,丝氨酰或苏氨酰残基的羟基的磷酸化,赖氨酸、精氨酸和组氨酸侧链o-氨基的甲基化(T.E.Creighton,Proteins:Structure and Molecular Properties,W.H.Freeman & Co.,San Francisco pp 79-86[1983]),N端胺的乙酰化以及某些情况下羧基端羧基的酰胺化。
所理解的是,可掺入到所公开组合物中的氨基酸和肽类似物有很多种。例如,有多种D型氨基酸或具有与表3所示氨基酸功能不同的取代基的氨基酸。公开了天然存在的肽的对立立体异构体以及肽类似物的立体异构体。通过使tRNA分子运载所选择的氨基酸,并设计遗传构建体,很容易将这些氨基酸掺入多肽链,所述构建体利用例如琥珀密码子以位点特异性方式将氨基酸类似物插入肽链中(Thorson et al.,Methods in Molec.Biol.77:43-13(1991),Zoller,Current Opinion in Biotechnology,3:348-354(1992);Ibba,Biotechnology & Genetic Enginerring Reviews13:197-216(1995),Cahill et al,TIBS,14(10):400-403(1989);Benner,TIB Tech,12:158-163(1994);Ibba and Hennecke,Bio/technology,12:678-682(1994),至少就涉及氨基酸类似物的内容通过援引将其全部纳入本文)。
可产生与多肽相似,但并不通过天然肽键连接的分子。例如,连接氨基酸或氨基酸类似物的键包括CH2NH--、--CH2S--、--CH2--CH2--、-CH=CH-(顺式和反式)、--COCH2--、--CH(OH)CH2--和--CHH2SO-(这些内容和其它内容可参见Spatola,A.F.in Chemistry and Biochemistry of Amino Acids,Peptides,and Proteins,B.Weinstein,eds.,Marcel Dekker,New York,p.267(1983);Spatola,A.F.,Vega Data(March 1983),Vol.1,Issue3,Peptide Backbone Modifications(综述);Morley,Trends Pharm Sci(1980)pp.463-468;Hudson,D.et al,Int J Pept Prot Res 14:177-185(1979)(-CH2NH-,CH2CH2-);Spatola et al.Life Sci 38:1243-1249(1986)(-CH H2-S);Hann J.Chem.Soc Perkin Trans.1307-314(1982)(-CH--CH-,顺式和反式);Almquist et al.J.Med.Chem.23:1392-1398(1980)(-COCH2-);Jennings-White et al.Tetrahedron Lett 23:2533(1982)(-COCH2--);Szelke et al.European Appln,EP 45665 CA(1982):97:39405(1982)(-CH(OH)CH2-);Holladay et al.Tetrahedron.Lett24:4401-4404(1983)(-C(OH)CH2-);以及Hruby Life Sci 31:189-199(1982)(-CH2-S-);每篇文献均通过援引纳入本文。所理解的是,肽类似物在连接原子(bond atom)之间具有一个以上的原子,例如b-丙氨酸、g-氨基丁酸等。
氨基酸类似物和肽类似物通常具有增强或所需的性质,例如生产更为经济,在化学上更为稳定、药理性质(例如半衰期、吸收、效能、有效性等)得到增强、特异性(如生物活性的广谱性)改变、抗原性降低、穿过生物屏障(如消化道、血管、血脑屏障)的能力增强等等。
D型氨基酸可用来形成更为稳定的肽,原因在于D型氨基酸不会被肽酶等识别。用同类D型氨基酸系统置换共有序列的一个或多个氨基酸(如用D-赖氨酸置换L-赖氨酸)可用来形成更为稳定的肽。半胱氨酸残基可用来环化或者将两个或多个肽连接在一起。这有利于将肽限制在特定构象。(Rizo and Gierasch Ann.Rev.Biochem.61:387(1992),通过援引纳入本文)。
因此,所提供多肽可包含α连接蛋白c端(ACT)的保守变体。如表4所示,序列SEQ ID NO:2内的单个保守置换的一个实例在序列SEQ ID NO:3中给出。序列SEQ ID NO:2内的三个保守置换的一个实例在序列SEQ ID NO:4中给出。因此,所提供多肽包含氨基酸序列SEQ ID NO:3或SEQ ID NO:4。
表4.ACT多肽变体
序列 | SEQ ID NO |
RPRPDDLEIRPRPDDLEVRPRPDDVPVSSRASSRASSRPRPDDLEVRPKPDDLEISSRASSRASSRPKPDDLEIRPKPDDLDISSRASSRASSRPRPDDLDISSRASTRASSRPRPDDLEIRPRPEDLEISSRASSRASSRPRPEDLEIGDGKNSVWVSKAGSNKSTASSKSGDGKNSVWVGQKPPSRPSSSASKKLYV | SEQ ID NO:2SEQ ID NO:3SEQ ID NO:4SEQ ID NO:44SEQ ID NO:45SEQ ID NO:46SEQ ID NO:47SEQ ID NO:48SEQ ID NO:49SEQ ID NO:50SEQ ID NO:51SEQ ID NO:52SEQ ID NO:53SEQ ID NO:54 |
所理解的是,对本文公开的基因和蛋白质的任何变体、修饰物或衍生物进行定义的一种方法是通过根据与特定已知序列的同一性(在本文中也称为同源性)来定义变体、修饰物和衍生物。具体公开了本文公开的核酸和多肽的变体,该变体与所述序列或已知序列有至少百分之65、66、67、68、69、70、71、72、73、74、75、76、77、78、79、80、81、82、83、84、85、86、87、88、89、90、91、92、93、94、95、96、97、98、99的序列同一性。本领域的技术人员很容易知晓如何确定两种蛋白质或核酸的序列同一性。例如,可在对两个序列进行比对之后计算序列同一性,由此获得的序列同一性水平最高。
另一种计算序列同一性的方法可通过已发表的算法进行。对用于比较的序列的最佳比对可通过如下方法进行:Smith and Waterman Adv.Appl.Math.2:482(1981)的局部序列同一性算法,Needleman and Wunsch,J.MoL Biol.48:443(1970)的序列同一性比对算法,Pearson and Lipman,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A.85:2444(1988)检索相似性的方法,这些算法的计算机执行(Wisconsin Genetics软件包的GAP、BESTFIT、FASTA和TFASTA,Genetics Computer Group,575 Science Dr.,Madison,WI)或检查。就计算序列同一性的方法将这些参考文献全文纳入本文。
核酸的同类序列同一性可由例如以下文献公开的算法获得:Zuker,M.Science 244:48-52,1989,Jaeger et al.Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA86:7706-7710,1989,Jaeger et al.Methods Enzymol.183:281-306,1989至少就与核酸比对相关的内容将这些文献纳入本文。
因此,所提供多肽可包含与α连接蛋白c端(ACT)有至少百分之65、66、67、68、69、70、71、72、73、74、75、76、77、78、79、80、81、82、83、84、85、86、87、88、89、90、91、92、93、94、95、96、97、98、99序列同一性的氨基酸序列。因此,一方面,所提供多肽包含与SEQ IDNO:1、SEQ ID NO:29、SEQ ID NO:30、SEQ ID NO:31、SEQ IDNO:32、SFQ IDNO:33、SEQ ID NO:34、SEQ ID NO:35、SEQ ID NO:36、SEQ ID NO:37、SEQID NO:38、SEQ ID NO:39、SEQ ID NO:40、SEQ ID NO:41、SEQ ID NO:90或SEQ ID NO:91有至少百分之65、66、67、68、69、70、71、72、73、74、75、76、77、78、79、80、81、82、83、84、85、86、87、88、89、90、91、92、93、94、95、96、97、98、99序列同一性的氨基酸序列。作为一个实例,提供了与存在于人Cx43羧基端的同样是9个氨基酸的序列(SEQ ID NO:2)有66%序列同一性的多肽(SEQ ID NO:4)。
本文提供的多肽可直接添加至受试者的组织损伤处。但是,所提供多肽的胞质定位效率通过以化学方式与该肽顺式或反式连接的细胞内化运载体(cellular internalization transporter)得到增强。细胞内化运载体的效率还通过光照或与Tat-HA肽一起的细胞共转导得到增强。
因此,所提供多肽可包含细胞内化运载体或序列。细胞内化序列可为本领域已知或新发现的任何内化序列或其保守变体。细胞内化运载体和序列的非限制性实例包括触角足蛋白(Antennapedia)序列、TAT、HIV-Tat、穿膜肽(Penetrat in)、Antp-3A(Antp突变体)、Buforin II、Transportan、MAP(模式两亲肽(model amphipathic))、K-FGF、Ku70、朊病毒、pVEC、Pep-1、SynBl、Pep-7、HN-1、BGSC(双-胍-亚精胺-胆固醇)和BGTC(双-胍-Tren-胆固醇)(参见表5)。
表5:细胞内化运载体
因此,所提供的多肽可进一步包含氨基酸序列SEQ ID NO:7、SEQ IDNO:14(Bucci,M.et al 2000.Nat.Med 6,1362-1367)、SEQ ID NO:15(Derossi,D.,et al.1994.Biol.Chem.269,10444-10450)、SEQ ID NO:16(Fi scher,P.M.et al.2000.J.Pept.Res.55,163-172)、SEQ ID NO:17(Frankel,A.D.&Pabo,C.O.1988.Cell 55,1189-1193;Green,M.&Loewenstein,P.M.1988.Cell 55,1179-1188)、SEQ ID NO:18(Park,C.B.,et al.2000.Proc.Natl Acad.Sci.USA 97,8245-8250)、SEQID NO:19(Pooga,M.,et al.1998.FASEB J.12,61-11)、SEQ ID NO:20(Oehlke,J.et al.1998.Biochim.Biophys.Acta.1414,127-139)、SEQ ID NO:21(Lin,Y.Z.,et al.1995.J.Biol.Chem.270,14255-14258)、SEQ ID NO:22(Sawada,M.,et al.2003.Nature Cell Biol.5,352-357)、SEQ ID NO:23(Lundberg,P.et al.2002.Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun.299,85-90)、SEQ ID NO:24(Elmquist,A.,et al.2001.Exp.Cell Res.269,237-244)、SEQ ID NO:25(Morris,M.C,et al.2001.Nature Biotechnol.19,1173-1176)、SEQ ID NO:26(Rousselle,C.et al.2000.Mol Pharmacol.57,679-686)、SEQ ID NO:27(Gao,C.et al.2002.Bioorg.Med.Chem.10,4057-4065)或SEQ ID NO:28(Hong,F.D.&Clayman,G.L.2000.Cancer Res.60,6551-6556)。所提供多肽可进一步包含BGSC(双-胍-亚精胺-胆固醇)或BGTC(双-胍-Tren-胆固醇)(Vigneron,J.P.et al.1998.Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA.93,9682-9686)。就对细胞内化载体和序列的教导通过援引将上述参考文献全文纳入本文。现已知的或随后鉴定的任何其它内化序列可与本发明的肽结合。
所提供的多肽可包含与任何一个本文提供的细胞内化序列合的任何ACT序列(如任何一种本文公开的ACT肽)。所述结合的实例在表6中给出。因此,所提供的多肽可包含氨基酸序列SEQ ID NO:8、SEQ ID NO:9、SEQ IDNO:10、SEQ ID NO:11或SEQ ID NO:12。
表6:连有细胞内化序列(CIS)的ACT多肽
CIS/ACT | 序列 | SEQ ID NO |
Antp/ACT 2Antp/ACT 1Antp/ACT 3Antp/ACT 4Antp/ACT 5HIV-Tat/ACT 1穿膜肽/ACT 1Antp-3A/ACT 1Tat/ACT 1Buforin II/ACT 1Transportan/ACT 1MAP/ACT 1K-FGF/ACT 1Ku70/ACT 1朊病毒/ACT 1pVEC/ACT 1Pep-1/ACT 1SynB1/ACT 1Pep-7/ACT 1HN-1/ACT 1 | RQPKIWFPNRRKPWKK PSSRASSRASSRPRPDDLEIRQPKIWFPNRRKPWKK RPRPDDLEIRQPKIWFPNRRKPWKK RPRPDDLEVRQPKIWFPNRRKPWKK RPRPDDVPVRQPKIWFPNRRKPWKK KARSDDLSGRKKRRQRPPQ RPRPDDLEIRQIKIWFQNRRMKWKK RPRPDDLEIRQIAIWFQNRRMKWAA RPRPDDLEIRKKRRQRRR RPRPDDLEITRSSRAGLQFPVGRVHRLLRK RPRPDDLEIGWTLNSAGYLLGKINKALAALAKKIL RPRPDDLEIKLALKLALKALKAALKLA RPRPDDLEIAAVALLPAVLLALLAP RPRPDDLEIVPMLKPMLKE RPRPDDLEIMANLGYWLLALFVTMWTDVGLCKKRPKPRPRPDDLEILLIILRRRIRKQAHAHSK RPRPDDLEIKETWWETWWTEWSQPKKKRKV RPRPDDLEIRGGRLSYSRRRFSTSTGR RPRPDDLEISDLWEMMMVSLACQY RPRPDDLEITSPLNIHNGQKL RPRPDDLEI | SEQ ID NO:8SEQ ID NO:9SEQ ID NO:10SEQ ID NO:11SEQ ID NO:12SEQ ID NO:56SEQ ID NO 57SEQ ID NO:58SEQ ID NO:59SEQ ID NO:60SEQ ID NO:61SEQ ID NO:62SEQ ID NO:63SEQ ID NO:64SEQ ID NO:65SEQ ID NO:66SEQ ID NO:67SEQ ID NO:68SEQ ID NO:69SEQ ID NO:70 |
还提供了编码本文所提供多肽的分离核酸。所公开的核酸由例如核苷酸、核苷酸类似物或核苷酸替代物构成。这些分子和其它分子的非限制性实例在本文中得到详细描述。所理解的是,例如,载体在细胞中表达时,表达的mRNA通常由A、C、G和U构成。
“分离核酸”或“纯化核酸”意为与基因相分离的DNA,这些基因在本发明DNA所来源的生物的天然存在基因组中在该基因的两侧。因此,该术语包括例如,掺入到载体例如自主复制的质粒或病毒中的重组DNA、或掺入到原核生物或真核生物的基因DNA中的重组DNA(如转基因)、或以独立分子形式存在的重组DNA(例如由PCR、限制性内切酶消化或者化学合成或体外合成产生的cDNA或基因组或cDNA片段)。该术语还包括为编码其它多肽序列的杂合基因的一部分的重组DNA。术语“分离核酸”还指RNA,例如由分离DNA分子编码的mRNA分子,或通过化学合成的mRNA分子,或与至少一些细胞组分例如其它类型的RNA分子或多肽分子相分离或基本不合这些组分的mRNA分子。
因此,提供了编码多肽的分离核酸,所述多肽包含氨基酸序列SEQ IDNO:1、SEQ ID NO:2、SEQ ID NO:3、SEQ ID NO:4、SEQ ID NO:5、SEQ ID NO:7、SEQ ID NO:8、SEQ ID NO:9、SEQ ID NO:10、SEQ ID NO:11或SEQ ID NO:12。
因此,所提供核酸可包含核酸序列SEQ ID NO:79、SEQ ID NO:80、SEQID NO:81、SEQ ID NO:82、SEQ ID NO:83、SEQ ID NO:84、SEQ ID NO:85、SEQ ID NO:86、SEQ ID NO:87、SEQ ID NO:88或SEQ ID NO:89。
本文提供的核酸可与表达调控序列有效连接。还提供了包含一种或多种本文所提供核酸的载体,其中所述核酸与表达调控序列有效连接。有多种组合物和方法可用来在体外或体内将核酸送递至细胞。这些方法和组合物大致可分为两类:以病毒为基础的送递系统和以非病毒为基础的送递系统。例如,核酸可通过多种直接送递系统例如电穿孔、脂质转染、磷酸钙沉淀、质粒、病毒载体、病毒核酸、噬菌体核酸、噬菌体、粘粒或通过细胞中的遗传物质或载体例如阳离子型脂质体的转移送递。合适的转染方法,包括病毒载体、化学转染子或物理机械法例如电穿孔或DNA的直接扩散在内描述于例如Wolff,J.A.,et al.,Science,247,1465-1468,(1990)和Wolff,J.A.Nature,352,815-818,(1991)。这类方法为本领域所熟知,并且易于适用至本文所述的组合物和方法。在某些情况下,可对方法进行改进以对大分子DNA特别适用。另外,通过利用载体的靶向特征,这些方法可用来针对某些疾病和细胞群体。
转移载体可为用来将基因送递至细胞(如质粒)的任何核酸构建体,或者作为总的送递基因的方法的一部分,例如作为重组反转录病毒或腺病毒的一部分(Ram et al.Cancer Res.53:83-88,(1993))。
本文所使用的质粒或病毒载体为将所公开核酸例如SEQ ID NO:6转运至细胞内而不会降解、并且包含使得送递至细胞内的基因表达的启动子。在某些实施方案中,启动子来源于一种病毒或一种反转录病毒。病毒载体为例如腺病毒、腺伴随病毒、疱疹病毒、痘苗病毒、脊髓灰质炎病毒、AIDS病毒、神经营养病毒(neuronal trophic virus)、新培斯病毒和其它RNA病毒,包括那些具有HIV骨架的病毒。还公开了共同具有使得这些病毒更适合作为载体使用的特性的任何病毒家族。反转录病毒包括鼠类马罗尼白血病病毒(Murine Maloney Leukemia virus)、MMLV以及表现出MMLV作为载体的所需性质的反转录病毒。与其它病毒载体相比较,反转录病毒载体能携带较大的遗传载荷即转基因或标记基因,基于这个原因,反转录病毒是常用的载体。但是,它们在非增殖细胞中并不那么有用。腺病毒载体相对稳定,易于操作,具有高滴度,可以气溶胶制剂形式送递,并且可转染非分裂细胞。痘病毒载体较大,并且具有几个插入基因的位点,它们是热稳定的,并且可在室温下保存。还公开了一种得到改造以抑制由病毒抗原引发的宿主生物免疫应答的病毒载体。这类载体可携带白细胞介素8或10的编码区。
与化学或物理方法相比,病毒载体具有较高的将基因引入细胞的处理(引入基因的能力)能力。一般而言,病毒载体含有非结构早期基因、结构晚期基因、RNA聚合酶III转录物、复制和壳体化所必需的末端反向重复序列以及控制病毒基因组转录和复制的启动子。病毒改造为载体时,通常要除去一个或多个早期基因,并将一个基因或基因/启动子盒插入病毒基因组来代替所除去的病毒DNA。这类构建体携带最高达8kb的外源遗传物质。所除去的早期基因的必要功能通常由细胞系提供,所述细胞系被改造来反式(in trans)表达早期基因的基因产物。
反转录病毒是一种属于反转录病毒科的动物病毒,包括任何类型、亚科、属或向性。大多数反转录病毒载体都描述于Verma,I.M.,Retroviralvectors for gene transfer.In Microbiology-1985,American Societyfor Microbiology,pp.229-232,Washington,(1985)(通过援引纳入本文)。使用反转录病毒载体的基因治疗方法的实例描述于美国专利No.4,868,116和4,980,286,PCT申请WO 90/02806和WO 89/07136以及Mulligan,(Science 260:926-932(1993)),文中的教导通过援引纳入本文。
反转录病毒本质上是填充有核酸物质的包。该核酸物质自身携带包装信号,这可确保复制得到的子代分子(daughter molecule)在包装外壳内有效包装。除了包装信号,还有很多复制和对复制病毒进行包装的过程中以顺式(in cis)方式起作用的分子。反转录病毒基因组通常含有参与形成蛋白质外壳的gag、pol和env基因。gag、pol和env基因通常由将被转移至靶细胞的外源DNA所替换。反转录病毒载体通常含有掺入包装外壳的包装信号、标示gag转录单位起点的序列、反转录必需的元件,包括结合反转录tRNA引物的引物结合位点、在DNA合成期间指导RNA链的转换的末端重复序列、作为DNA合成第二条链合成引物位点的5’至3’LTR的嘌呤富集序列和能使反转录病毒的DNA态(DNA state)插入宿主基因组的LTR末端附近的特定序列。Gag、pol和env基因的缺失可使得约8kb的外源序列插入病毒基因组、被反转录并且一旦被复制就会被包装到新的反转录病毒颗粒中。这个量的核酸足以送递一种至多种基因,这取决于每个转录物的大小。
由于大部分反转录病毒载体的复制工具和包装蛋白已被除去(gag、pol和env),因此通常通过将其置入包装细胞系内形成载体。包装细胞系是由含复制和包装工具但缺乏包装信号的反转录病毒转染或转化的细胞系。携带所研究DNA的载体被转染至这些细胞系时,含有选定基因的载体通过辅助细胞以顺式形式(in cis)提供的工具复制并包装到新的反转录病毒颗粒。用作工具的基因组并不会被包装,原因在于它们缺少必要的信号。
已对复制缺陷腺病毒的构建进行了描述(Berkner et al.,J.Virology61:1213-1220(1987);Massie et al.,MoI.Cell.Biol.6:2872-2883(1986);Haj-Ahmad et al.,J.Virology 51:267-274(1986);Dayidson etal.,J.Virology 61:1226-1239(1987);Zhang″Generation andidentification of recombinant adenovirus by liposome-mediatedtrannsfection and PCR analysis″BioTechniques 15:868-872(1993))。将这些病毒用作载体的好处在于:由于它们能在最初被感染的细胞内复制,但是不能形成新的感染病毒颗粒,所以它们在传播至其它细胞类型上受到限制。已表明重组腺病毒直接在体内送递至气道上皮、肝细胞、血管内皮、CNS实质以及很多其它组织部位后,会获得高效率的基因转移(Morsy,J.Clin.Invest.92:1580-1586(1993);Kirshenbaum,J.Clin.Invest.92:381-387(1993);Roessler,J.Clin.Invest.92:1085-1092(1993);Moullier,Nature Genetics 4:154-159(1993);La Salle,Science259:988-990(1993);Gomez-Foix,J.Biol.Chem.267:25129-25134(1992);Rich,Human Gene Therapy 4:461-476(1993);Zabner,NatureGenetics 6:75-83(1994);Guzman,Circulation Research 73:1201-1207(1993);Bout,Human Gene Therapy 5:3-10(1994);Zabner,Cell75:207-216(1993);Caillaud,Eur.J.Neuroscience 5:1287-1291(1993);以及Ragot,J.Gen.Virology 74:501-507(1993))。通过与特异性细胞表面受体结合,重组腺病毒可实现基因转导,此后病毒通过受体介导的胞吞作用内化,其方式与野生型或复制缺陷性腺病毒的相同(Chardonnet and Dales,Virology 40:462-477(1970);Brown andBurlingham,J.Virology 12:386-396(1973);Svensson and Persson,J.Virology 55:442-449(1985);Seth,et al.,J.Virol.51:650-655(1984);Seth,et al.,MoI.Cell.Biol.4:1528-1533(1984);Varga etal.,J.Virology 65:6061-6070(1991);Wickham et al.,Cell73:309-319(1993))。
病毒载体可为基于除去了E1基因的腺病毒的病毒,并且这些病毒体(viron)在细胞系例如人293细胞系中形成。一方面,E1和E3基因均从腺病毒基因组中除去。
另一类病毒载体以腺伴随病毒(AAV)为基础。这类缺陷型细小病毒可感染很多细胞类型,并且不会使人致病。AAV型载体可转运约4至5kb,并且已知野生型AAV可稳定插入19号染色体。作为一个实例,该载体可为Avigen,San Francisco,CA生产的P4.1 C载体,所述载体含有单纯疱疹病毒胸腺嘧啶核苷激酶基因、HSV-tk和/或标记基因例如编码绿色荧光蛋白GFP的基因。
另一类AAV病毒中,AAV含有一对位于至少一个表达盒侧翼的末端反向重复序列(ITR),所述表达盒含有与异源基因有效连接的、指导细胞特异性表达的启动子。本文中异源指的是并非AAV或B19细小病毒天然含有的任何核苷酸序列或基因。
通常使AAV和B19编码区缺失,由此获得安全的、无细胞毒性的载体。AVV ITR或其修饰物可赋予感染性和位点特异性整合作用,但没有细胞毒性,并且启动子会指导细胞特异性表达。就与AAV载体相关的内容通过援引将美国专利No.6,261,834纳入本文。
因此,所公开的载体提供了能整合至哺乳动物染色体并且没有显著毒性的DNA分子。
病毒和反转录病毒中插入的基因通常含有有助于调控所需基因产物表达的启动子和/或增强子。启动子通常为在位于距转录起始位点相对固定的位置时起作用的一个或多个DNA序列。启动子含有RNA聚合酶和转录因子发生基本相互作用所需的核心元件,并且含有上游元件和应答元件。
采用较大的人疱疹病毒所进行的分子遗传实验提供了一种方法,藉此在可由疱疹病毒感染的细胞中对较大的异源DNA片段进行克隆、扩增和确定。(Sun et al.,Nature genetics 8:33-41,1994;Cotter and Robertson,.Curr Opin Mol Ther 5:633-644,1999)。这些较大的DNA病毒(单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)和爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒(EBV))具有将>150kb的人异源DNA片段送递至特定细胞的潜力。EBV重组体可维持感染的B细胞中的大片段DNA为附加体DNA(episomal DNA)。携带最高达330kb人类基因组插入物的各个克隆在遗传上似乎是稳定的。维持这些附加体需要一种在EVB感染期间组成性表达的特异性EBV核蛋白即EBNA1。另外,这些载体可用于转染,其中大量蛋白质在体外瞬时形成。疱疹病毒扩增子系统还可用来包装>220kb的DNA片段,并且可用来感染能使DNA稳定保持为附加体的细胞。
其它有用的系统包括例如复制型痘苗病毒载体和受限于宿主的非复制型痘苗病毒载体。
可以多种方式将所公开组合物送递至靶细胞。例如,可通过电穿孔、脂质转染或磷酸钙沉淀来送递组合物。所选择的送递机制部分取决于所靶细胞的类型以及送递是出现在例如体内还是体外。
因此,除了所公开的多肽、核酸或载体以外,组合物还含有例如,诸如脂质体等的脂质,所述脂质体例如阳离子型脂质体(例如DOTMA、DOPE、DC-胆固醇)或阴离子型脂质体。如若需要,脂质体还可含有有助于靶向特定细胞的蛋白质。可将含化合物和阳离子型脂质体的组合物给予流入靶器官的血液中或者将其吸入呼吸道来靶向呼吸道的细胞。关于脂质体,参见例如Brigham et al.Am.J.Resp.Cell.MoI.Biol.1:95-100(1989);Feigner et al.Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci USA 84:7413-7417(1987);美国专利No.4,897,355。另外,化合物可以微型胶囊剂的组分形式给药,使所述微囊剂靶向特定细胞类型例如巨噬细胞等,或者对化合物自微胶囊的扩散或送递速度或剂量进行设计。
在上述包括将外源DNA给予受试者的细胞和受试者细胞摄入外源DNA(即基因转导或转染)在内的方法中,将组合物送递至细胞可通过多种机制。作为一个实例,送递可使用市售脂质体制剂例如LIPOFECTIN、LIPOFECTAMINE(GIBCO-BRL,Inc.,Gaithersburg,MD)、SUPERFECT(Qiagen,Inc.Hilden,Germany)和TRANSFECTAM(Promega Biotec,Inc.,Madison,WI)以及根据本领域方法标准开发出来的其它脂质体通过脂质体进行。另外,所公开的核酸或载体可通过Genetronics公司提供的电穿孔技术(San Diego,CA))并借助于SONOPORATION仪器(ImaRx PharmaceuticalCorp.,Tucson,AZ)在体内送递。
送递至细胞并将被整合至宿主细胞的基因组的核酸通常含有整合序列。这些序列通常为病毒相关序列,尤其是在使用基于病毒的系统时。还可将这些病毒整合系统掺入核酸中,所述核酸将使用基于非核酸的送递系统例如脂质体等来送递,由此使得送递系统中含有的核酸可整合至宿主基因组。
其它整合至宿主基因组的常用技术包括例如设计来促进与宿主基因组同源重组的系统。这些系统通常有赖于待表达核酸的侧翼序列,该核酸与宿主细胞基因组内的靶序列有足够的同源性,由此使载体核酸和靶核酸发生重组,从而使被送递的核酸被整合至宿主基因组。促进同源重组所必需的这些系统和方法为本领域的技术人员所知。
可通过本领域已知的多种机制(例如摄入裸DNA、脂质体融合、通过基因枪肌内注射DNA、胞吞作用等等)在体和/或离体将组合物送递至受试者的细胞内。
若采用离体方法,可依据本领域熟知的标准方法取出细胞或组织并将其维持在体外。可通过任何基因转移机制例如磷酸钙介导的基因送递、电穿孔、微注射或脂蛋白体等将组合物导入细胞内。然后通过用于细胞或组织类型的标准方法将转导细胞输注(如借助于可药用载体)或等位移植回受试者内。将多种细胞移植或输注至受试者的标准方法是已知的。
被送递至细胞的核酸通常含有表达调控系统。例如,病毒和反转录病毒系统中的插入基因通常含有有助于调控所需基因产物表达的增强子和/或增强子。启动子通常为在位于距转录起始位点相对固定的位置时起作用的一个或多个DNA序列。启动子含有RNA聚合酶和转录因子发生基本相互作用所需的核心元件,并且含有上游元件和应答元件。
来自哺乳动物宿主细胞中载体的调控转录的启动子可获自多种来源,例如病毒基因组,所述病毒例如多瘤、猿猴病毒40(SV40)、腺病毒、反转录病毒、乙型肝炎病毒、巨细胞病毒,或者获自异源哺乳动物启动子,例如β肌动蛋白启动子。SV40病毒的早期和晚期启动子可方便地以SV40限制性酶切片段形式获得,所述SV40限制性酶切片段还含有SV40病毒复制起点(Fiers et al.,Nature,273:113(1978))。人巨细胞病毒的即可早期启动子可方便地以Hind III E限制性酶切片段形式获得(Greenway,PJ.etal.,Gene 18:355-360(1982))。当然,本文还使用来自宿主细胞或相关物种的启动子。
增强子通常指这样一种DNA序列,所述DNA序列在距离转录起始位点非固定位置起作用,并且可在该转录单位的5′方向(La imins,L.et al.,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.78:993(1981))或3′方向(Lusky,M.L.,et al.,MoI.Cell Bio.3:1108(1983))。另外,增强子可在内含子内(Banerji,J.L.et al.,Cell 33:729(1983))以及编码序列自身内(Osborne,T.F.,et al.,Mol.Cell Bio.4:1293(1984))。它们通常长10-300bp,并且以顺式方式起作用。增强子起增强源自邻近启动子的转录的作用。增强子通常还含有介导转录调节的应答元件。启动子也含有介导转录调节的应答元件。增强子通常可决定基因表达的调控。尽管现在已知了很多来自哺乳动物基因(球蛋白、弹性蛋白酶、白蛋白、甲胎蛋白和胰岛素)的增强子序列,但通常还是会使用来自真核细胞病毒的增强子进行一般的表达。实例为复制起点后侧(late side)的SV40增强子(bp 100-270)、巨细胞病毒早期启动子增强子、复制起点后侧的多瘤增强子以及腺病毒增强子。
通过触发其功能的光线或特定化学事件(events),可特异激活启动子和/或增强子。系统可通过试剂如四环素和地塞米松调控。还有通过暴露于辐射例如γ射线或烷基化化疗药物来增强病毒载体基因表达的方法。
在某些实施方案中,启动子和/或增强子区域可作为组成型启动子和/或增强子来使待转录的转录单位区域的表达最大化。在某些构建体中,启动子和/或增强子区域在所有真核细胞类型中均有活性,即便它仅在特定时间于特定类型的细胞中表达。这种类型的启动子为CMV启动子(650个碱基)。其它此类启动子为SV40启动子、巨细胞病毒(全长启动子)和反转录病毒载体LTR。
已表明可对所有特异性调节元件进行克隆并将其用来构建在特定细胞类型如黑素瘤细胞等中选择性表达的表达载体。胶质细胞原纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)启动子已被用来在胶质源细胞中选择性表达基因。
用于真核宿主细胞(酵母、真菌、昆虫、植物、动物、人或有核细胞)中的表达载体还可含有终止转录所必需的、可影响mRNA表达的序列。这些区域可转录为编码组织因子蛋白质的mRNA非翻译部分中的多腺苷酸化区段。3’非翻译区域还包含转录终止位点。转录单位还包含多腺苷酸化区域。该区域的一个好处在于它增加了转录单位如同mRNA一样被加工和转运的几率。表达构建体中多腺苷酸化信号的鉴定和使用已是很成熟的手段。同源多腺苷酸化信号可用于转基因构建体。在某些转录单位中,多腺苷酸化区域来源于SV40早期多腺苷酸化信号,并由约400个碱基组成。仅含有其它标准序列或含有与上述序列组合的其它标准序列的转录单位可促进构建体的表达或其稳定性。
病毒载体可包含编码标记产物的核酸序列。该标记产物可用来确定基因是否被送递至细胞,和基因被送递后是否立即表达。示例性标记基因为大肠杆菌LacZ基因,它编码β半乳糖苷酶和绿色荧光蛋白。
在某些实施例中,标记可为选择性标记。合适的哺乳动物细胞选择性标记的实例为二氢叶酸还原酶(DHFR)、胸腺嘧啶核苷激酶、新霉素、新霉素类似物G418、潮霉素和嘌呤霉素。这些选择性标记成功转移至哺乳动物宿主细胞内时,若将转化的哺乳动物宿主细胞置于选择压力之下就会存活。有两类不同的广泛使用的选择性方案。第一类以细胞的代谢以及突变细胞系的使用为基础,所述突变细胞系缺乏不依赖于补加培养基生长的能力。两个实例为:中国仓鼠卵巢(CHO)DHFR细胞和小鼠LTK细胞。这些细胞缺乏在不添加诸如胸腺嘧啶核苷或次黄嘌呤等营养物质的条件下生长的能力。由于这些细胞缺乏整个核苷酸合成途径中所必需的某些基因,因此,除非在补加培养基中提供所缺乏的核苷酸,否则它们不能存活。另一种向培养基中添加物质的方案是将完整的DHRF或TK基因引入缺乏相应基因的细胞,由此改变其生长需求。DHFR或TK基因未转化的个体细胞在非补加培养基中不能存活。
第二类为显性选择,指的是用于任何细胞类型的选择方案,不要求使用突变细胞系。这些方案一般使用药物来抑制宿主细胞的生长。这些具有新基因的细胞会表达赋予药物抗性的蛋白质并且会在选择中存活。这类显性选择的实例使用药物新霉素(Southern P.and Berg,P.,J.Molec.Appl.Genet.1:327(1982))、酶酚酸(Mulligan,R.C.and Berg,P.Science 209:1422(1980))或潮霉素(Sugden,B.et al.,MoI.Cell.Biol.5:410-413(1985))。这三个实例利用受控于真核细胞的细菌基因分别赋予对恰当药物G418或新霉素(geneticin)、xgpt(酶酚酸)或潮霉素的抗性。其它实例包括新霉素类似物G418和嘌呤霉素。
还提供了含一种或多种本文提供的载体的细胞。本文所使用的“细胞”、“细胞系”和“细胞培养物”可互换使用,并且所有这些名称均包括子代。所公开的细胞可为任何用来克隆或使本文提供载体扩增的细胞。因此,该细胞可来源于任何原代细胞培养物或已有的细胞系。方法可应用至包括原核细胞或真核细胞在内的任何细胞,例如细菌、植物、动物等。本领域的技术人员基于所选载体和所需用途可就细胞类型做出选择。
公开了通过用本文所公开的任一核酸分子或载体转染动物内的细胞这一方法产生得到的动物。公开了通过用本文所公开的任一核酸分子或载体转染动物内的细胞这一方法产生得到的动物,其中所述动物为哺乳动物。还公开了通过用本文所公开的任一核酸分子或载体转染动物内的细胞这一方法产生得到的动物,其中所述哺乳动物为小鼠、大鼠、兔、牛、羊、猪或灵长类。
提供了一种组合物,所述组合物含有一种或多种存在于可药用载体中的本文提供的多肽、核酸或载体(vector)。因此,提供了一种组合物,所述组合物含有任一存在于可药用载体中的本文提供的ACT多肽的两种或多种组合。例如,提供了一种组合物,所述组合物含有存在于可药用载体中的SEQ ID NO:1和SEQ ID NO:5。
“可药用”指在生物学上或其它方面没有不良作用的物质,即可将该物质与核酸或载体一起给予受试者,而不会引起任何不良生物学作用或以有害方式与包含该物质的药物组合物中的任一其它组分相互作用。正如本领域的技术人员所熟知的那样,自然地应选择使活性成分的任何降解最少,同时使受试者的任何不良副作用最小的载体。
本文所提供的组合物还可含有可给予伤口、组织损伤处、炎症或癌症部位的任何已知或新发现的物质。例如,所提供的组合物还可含有一类或多类抗生素(如氨基糖苷类、头孢菌素类、氯霉素、克林霉素、红霉素、氟喹诺酮类、大环内酯类、保泰松、双唑泰栓、青霉素、四环素、甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲噁唑、万古霉素)、类固醇(如睾丸雄激素(andranes)(例如睾酮)、胆甾烷(例如胆固醇)、胆酸类(例如胆酸)、皮质类固醇(如地塞米松)、雌甾烷(如雌二醇)、孕甾烷(如孕酮)、麻醉型和非麻醉型镇痛药(如吗啡、可待因、海洛因、氢吗啡酮、左啡诺、哌替啶、美沙酮、羟考酮(Oxydone)、右丙氧芬、芬太尼、美沙酮、纳洛酮、丁丙诺啡、布托啡诺、纳布啡、喷他佐辛)、化疗剂(如抗癌药物例如但不限于六甲蜜胺、门冬酰胺酶、博来霉素、白消安、卡铂、卡莫司汀、苯丁酸氮芥、顺铂、克拉屈滨、环磷酰胺、阿糖胞苷、达卡巴嗪、己烯雌酚、炔雌醇、依托泊苷、氟尿苷、氟达拉滨、氟尿嘧啶、氟他胺、戈舍瑞林、羟基脲、伊达比星、异环磷酰胺、亮丙立德、左旋咪唑、洛莫司汀、氮芥、甲羟孕酮、甲地孕酮、美法仑、巯嘌呤、甲氨蝶呤、丝裂霉素、米托坦、米托蒽醌、紫杉醇、pentastatin、哌泊溴烷、普卡霉素、泼尼松、丙卡巴肼、链佐星、他莫昔芬、替尼泊苷、长春碱、长春新碱)、抗炎剂(如阿氯芬酸、二丙酸阿氯米松、阿孕奈德、阿法淀粉酶、安西法尔、安西非特、氨芬酸钠、盐酸氨普立糖、阿那白滞素、阿尼罗酸、阿尼扎芬、阿扎丙宗、巴柳氮二钠、苄达酸、苯噁洛芬、盐酸苄达明、菠萝蛋白酶、溴哌莫、布地奈德、卡洛芬、环洛芬、辛喷他宗、克利洛芬、丙酸氯倍他索、丁酸氯倍他索、氯吡酸、丙酸氯硫卡松、醋酸三氟米松、可托多松、癸酸盐、地夫可特、Delatestryl、环戊丙酸睾酮油剂、地奈德、去羟米松、二丙酸地塞米松、双氯芬酸钾、双氯芬酸钠、双醋二氟拉松、二氟米酮钠、二氟尼柳、二氟泼尼酯、地弗他酮、二甲亚砜、羟西奈德、恩甲羟松、恩莫单抗、依诺利康钠、依匹唑、依托度酸、依托芬那酯、联苯乙酸、非那莫、芬布芬、芬氯酸、苯克洛酸、芬度柳、苯吡噁二酮、芬替酸、夫拉扎酮、氟扎可特、氟芬那酸、氟咪唑、醋酸氟尼缩松、氟尼辛、氟尼辛葡甲胺、氟可丁酯、醋酸氟米龙、氟喹宗、氟比洛芬、氟瑞托芬、丙酸氟替卡松、呋喃洛芬、呋罗布芬、哈西奈德、丙酸卤倍他索、醋酸卤泼尼松、异丁芬酸、布洛芬、布洛芬铝、布洛芬吡啶甲醇、伊洛达普、吲哚美辛、吲哚美辛钠、吲哚洛芬、吲哚克索、吲四唑、醋酸异氟泼尼松、伊索克酸、伊索昔康、酮洛芬、盐酸洛非咪唑、氯诺昔康(Lomoxicam)、氯替泼诺碳酸乙酯、甲氯芬那酸钠、甲氯芬那酸、二丁酸甲氯松、甲芬那酸、美沙拉秦、美西拉宗、美睾酮、美雄酮、美替诺龙、美替诺龙醋酸酯、磺庚甲泼尼龙、Momiflumate、萘丁美酮、诺龙、萘普生、萘普生钠、萘普索、尼马宗、奥沙拉秦钠、奥古蛋白、奥帕诺辛、氧雄龙、奥沙普秦、羟布宗、羟甲烯龙、盐酸瑞尼托林、、木聚硫钠、保泰松甘油酸钠、吡非尼酮、吡罗昔康、肉桂酸吡罗昔康、吡罗昔康乙醇胺、吡洛芬、泼那扎特、普立非酮、普罗度酸、普罗喹宗、普罗沙唑、枸橼酸普罗沙唑、利美索龙、氯马扎利、柳胆来司、他洛柳酯、双水杨酯、血根氯铵、司克拉宗、丝美辛、司坦唑醇、舒多昔康、舒林酸、舒洛芬、他美辛、他尼氟酯、他洛柳酯、特丁非隆、替尼达普、替尼达普、替尼达普钠、替诺昔康、替昔康、替昔米德、睾酮、睾酮掺合物(Testosterone Blends)、四氢甲吲胺(Tetrydamine)、硫平酸、替可的松匹伐酯、托美丁、托美丁钠、三氯奈德、三氟米酯、齐多美辛、佐美酸钠)或抗组胺剂(如乙醇胺(例如苯海拉明,卡比沙明)、乙二胺(如曲吡那敏,美吡拉敏)、烷基胺(如氯苯那敏、右氯苯那敏、溴苯那敏、曲普利啶)、其他抗组织胺类如阿司咪唑、氯雷他定、非索非那定、Bropheniramine、氯马斯汀、扑热息痛、伪麻黄碱、曲普利啶)。
组合物可局部、口服或胃肠外给药。例如,组合物可体外给药、颅内给药、阴道内给药、肛内给药、皮下给药、皮内给药、心内给药、胃内给药、静脉内给药、肌内给药、通过腹膜内注射给药、经皮给药、鼻内给药或采用吸入剂给药。本文所使用的“颅内给药”指将物质直接送递至脑,包括例如通过导管或者注射针鞘内、脑池内、脑室内或经蝶骨送递在内。
若采用组合物的胃肠外给药,则通常以注射为特征。注射制剂可制备成常规形式,可为液体溶液或悬液、适合在注射前溶解或悬浮于液体的固体形式,也可为乳剂形式。胃肠外给药的最新改进的方法涉及缓释或持续释放系统,由此维持恒定剂量。参见例如美国专利No.3,610,795,通过援引将其纳入本文。
本文使用的“局部鼻内给药”指的是使组合物通过一个或两个鼻孔送递到鼻或鼻道内,包括采用喷雾机制或滴加机制的送递,或者通过雾化核酸或载体的送递。采用吸入剂进行的组合物给药可通过利用喷雾或滴加机制的送递通过鼻或口来进行。还可通过插管法使送递直接抵达呼吸系统(如肺)的任何区域。
所需组合物的确切量随受试者的不同而不同,这取决于受试者的种类、年龄、体重和整体情况,被治疗变应性紊乱的严重程度,所使用的具体核酸或载体,给药模式等。因此,不可能明确指出每一种组合物的确切量。但是,本领域的普通技术人员在考虑到本文的教导后,仅通过使用常规实验就可确定合适的量。
上述物质可为溶液或悬液形式(例如可被掺入微粒、脂质体或细胞内)。这些物质可通过抗体、受体或受体配体靶中特定细胞类型。下列参考文献是使用该技术来使特定蛋白质靶中肿瘤组织的实例(Senter,et al.,Bioconjugate Chem.,2:447-451,(1991);Bagshawe,K.D.,Br.J.Cancer,60:275-281,(1989);Bagshawe,et al.,Br.J.Cancer,58:700-703,(1988);Senter,et al.,Bioconjugate Chem.,4:3-9,(1993);Battelli,et al.,Cancer Immunol.Immunother.,35:421-425,(1992);Pieterszand McKenzie,Immunolog.Reviews,129:57-80,(1992);以及Roffler,et al.,Biochem.Pharmacol,42:2062-2065,(1991))。载体例如“Stealth”和其它抗体缀合的脂质体(包括介导药物靶向结肠癌的脂质)、通过细胞特异性配体介导DNA打靶的受体、指导对肿瘤打靶的淋巴细胞和在体内对鼠类胶质瘤细胞打靶的高度特异性治疗性反转录病毒。下列参考文献是使用该技术来使特定蛋白质打靶肿瘤组织的实例(Hughes et al.,Cancer Research,49:6214-6220,(1989);and Litzinger and Huang,Biochimica et Biophysica Acta,1104:179-187,(1992))。一般而言,受体参与组成性或配体诱导的胞吞途径。这些受体在披有网格蛋白的小窝中聚集,通过披有网格蛋白的小泡进入细胞,穿过分选受体的酸化内体,然后或者再循环到细胞表面储存在细胞内,或者在溶酶体中被降解。该内化途径具有多种功能,例如营养物质的摄入、激活蛋白的除去、大分子的清除、病毒和毒素的条件性进入、配体的解离和降解以及受体水平的调节。很多受体参与一条以上胞内途径,这取决于细胞类型、受体浓度、配体类型、配体价态和配体浓度。受体介导的胞吞作用的分子机理和细胞机理已有综述(Brown and Greene,DNA and Cell Biology 10:6,399-409(1991))。
合适的载体及其制剂描述于Remington:The Science and Practice ofPharmacy(19th ed.)ed.A.R.Gennaro,Mack Publishing Company,Easton,PA 1995。通常,在制剂中使用合适量的可药用盐,以使制剂处于等渗状态。可药用载体的实例包括但不限于盐水、林格氏溶液和葡萄糖溶液。溶液的pH可为约5至约8,约7至约7.5。其他载体包括缓释制剂例如含有抗体的疏水性固体聚合物的半透性基质,该基质的形式为具有一定形状的物品,例如薄膜、脂质体或微粒。对于本领域的技术人员而言显而易见的是,根据例如给药途径以及所给药组合物的浓度,某些载体更为优选。
药物载体为本领域的技术人员所知。最常见的是,它们为将药物给予人的标准载体,包括溶液例如无菌水、盐水和生理pH下的缓冲溶液等。该组合物可肌内给药或皮下给药。其他化合物可根据本领域的技术人员所使用的标准方法给药。
除了选定的分子外,药物组合物还可含有载体、增稠剂、稀释剂、缓冲剂、防腐剂、表面活性剂等。药物组合物还可含有一种或多种活性成分例如抗微生物剂、抗炎剂、麻醉剂等等。
药物组合物可以多种方式给药,这取决于是需要局部治疗还是全身治疗,以及待治疗区域。可进行局部给药(包括眼部给药、阴道给药、直肠给药、鼻内给药)、口服给药、吸入给药或胃肠外给药,例如通过静脉滴注、皮下注射、腹膜内注射或肌内注射给药。
用于胃肠外给药的制剂包括无菌水性或非水性溶液、悬液和乳液。非水性溶剂的实例为丙二醇、聚乙二醇、植物油例如橄榄油等以及可注射的有机酯例如油酸乙酯。水性载体包括水、醇/水溶液、乳剂或悬液,包括盐水和缓冲介质。胃肠外载体包括氯化钠溶液、林格氏葡萄糖、葡萄糖和氯化钠、乳酸林格氏液或不挥发油。静脉内载体包括流体和营养物质补充剂、电解质补充剂(例如以林格氏葡萄糖为基础的电解质补充剂)等等。还可有防腐剂和其他添加剂,例如抗微生物剂、抗氧化剂、螯合剂和惰性气体等。
用于局部给药的制剂可包括软膏剂、洗剂、乳膏剂、凝胶剂(如泊洛沙姆(poloxamer)凝胶剂)、滴剂、栓剂、喷雾剂、液体和粉剂。常规药用载体,水性、粉末或油性基质,增稠剂等是必需的或是合乎需要的。可在例如微纤维、聚合物(如胶原)、纳米球、气溶胶、洗剂、乳膏剂、纤维、塑料、组织工程支架材料、基质材料、片剂、植入容器、粉剂、油剂、树脂、伤口敷剂、小球、微球、缓释小球、胶囊、注射剂、静脉内滴注剂、泵装置、硅酮植入物或任何生物工程材料中进行所公开组合物的给药。
一方面,所提供的可药用载体为泊洛沙姆。商品名为Pluronics的泊洛沙姆为可在水中形成澄清的热可逆凝胶的非离子型表面活性剂。泊洛沙姆为聚氧化乙烯-聚氧化丙烯-聚氧化乙烯(PEO-PPO-PEO)三嵌段共聚物。两条聚氧化乙烯链是亲水性的,而聚氧化丙烯是疏水性的。这些疏水和亲水特征在它置于水溶液时会起到控制作用。PEO-PPO-PEO链为小链形式,其中疏水中心会聚集起来形成微团。随后,该微团可能会具有胶凝性质,原因在于它们会聚集成团形成其中略有水分存在于亲水端附近的固体(凝胶)。冷却时它会成为液体,而加温时它会变硬。这个特征使其可应用到药物配料中,因为在它冷却时可将其吸入注射器以准确计量剂量,所以。当其升温至体温时(施用到皮肤时),它会变稠,获得有助于恰当涂擦和粘附的最佳稠度(尤其是在与大豆卵磷脂/棕榈酸异丙酯联合时)。由于PluronicF 127(F 127)很容易获得,所以它得到了广泛使用,因此它可在这类药物应用中使用。F127的EO∶PO∶EO比率为100∶65∶100,以重量计其PEO∶PPO比率为2∶1。Pluronic凝胶为水溶液,通常含有20-30%的F-127。因此,所提供的组合物可在F127中给药。
用于口服给药的组合物包含粉剂或颗粒、水或非水性介质的悬液或溶液,胶囊、囊剂或片剂。增稠剂、调味剂、稀释剂、乳化剂、分散助剂或黏合剂也是所需的。
一些组合物有可能以可药用酸加成盐或碱加成盐形式给药,所述酸加成盐或碱加成盐可通过与无机酸和有机酸反应形成,或者通过与无机碱和有机碱反应形成,所述无机酸为例如盐酸、氢溴酸、过氯酸、硝酸、硫氰酸、硫酸和磷酸等,所述有机酸为例如甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、羟乙酸、乳酸、丙酮酸、草酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、马来酸和富马酸等,所述无机碱为例如氢氧化钠、氢氧化铵、氢氧化钾等,所述有机碱为例如单烷基胺、二烷基胺、三烷基胺、芳基胺以及取代的乙醇胺等。
组合物给药的有效剂量和方案可通过经验确定,并且做出该决定在本领域的技术人员能力范围之内。组合物给药的剂量范围为大到足以产生所需作用的剂量范围,在该剂量范围内症状病症受到影响。该剂量不应大到引起诸如不良交叉反应、过敏性反应等的不良副作用。通常,剂量随患者年龄、病况、性别和疾病程度,给药途径或者用药方法是否包含其它药物而有所变化,并且可由本领域的技术人员确定。如果出现禁忌症,可由个人医生对剂量进行调整。剂量可有所变化,并且可以每天单剂给药或多剂给药形式给予一天或几天。对既定类别的药物产品的恰当剂量的指导可参见文献。剂量范围主要取决于本文组合物的应用情况、病况严重程度及其给药途径。
例如,在作为实验室研究工具的应用中,ACT肽组合物可使用的剂量低至0.01%w/v。在局部皮肤伤口治疗中,剂量可低至0.02%w/v,可能高至2%w/v。显著较高浓度的组合物本身或与其它化合物的组合可用于诸如癌症/肿瘤治疗等的应用中,或者用作紧随急性组织损伤后的早期快速浓注剂。因此,若以例如直接送递至肿瘤块的初始快速注射剂给药时,所提供多肽的上限可最高达2-5%w/v或v/v。根据损伤严重程度,胃肠外给药途径例如肌内给药、脑内给药、心内给药和脊柱内给药等的推荐剂量上限最高达1%w/v或v/v。该剂量上限随制剂形式发生变化,这取决于例如多肽是如何与促进其起作用或与所述多肽协力起作用的其它药剂联合的。
对于所提供多肽的连续送递,例如结合静脉内滴注的连续送递,可使用在一段时间内0.01g/kg体重的上限,该上限是由医生基于病况的好转所确定的。在另一实例中,局部送递例如送递至皮肤伤口处的所提供核酸的浓度上限为5-10μg/cm2伤口,这取决于例如核酸是如何与促进其起作用或与所述核酸协力起作用的其它药剂联合的。以一定频率重复上述给药,该频率由医生基于好转情况确定。在另一实例中,体内送递例如肌内送递、脑内送递、心内送递和脊柱内送递的所提供核酸的浓度上限为50-100μg/ml溶液。同样,频率由医生基于好转情况确定。
还公开了在外科手术前用所提供多肽预处理某个区域。多肽在与10-30%Pluronic凝胶或任何这类载体混合后的浓度为10-200μM,所述载体能在外科手术前使该肽渗入所研究的部位至少3-6小时。该程序上的预处理可提高随后对外科手术的治疗应答,包括减少炎症应答。
病毒载体不仅是高度有效的实验工具,而且它在临床应用中也显示出相当的潜能。因此要谨慎计算病毒载体的预期剂量方案,这主要取决于所使用载体的类型。例如,反转录病毒载体会有效感染分裂细胞例如癌细胞,不确定地嵌入宿主细胞基因组并连续表达编码的蛋白质。动物模型中反转录病毒通常的剂量范围为107至109感染单位/ml。相比之下,腺病毒会最为有效地靶向有丝分裂后的细胞,但是,若受感染的细胞重新开始增殖并在由此稀释了(dilute)病毒游离DNA,那么细胞就会很快被免疫系统清除,或病毒最终会消失。事实上,在某些临床情形例如小损伤的缓解中,这段短时感染期间可用来短期送递本文所述的组合物。在动物模型中,研究中通常使用的浓度为108-1011感染单位/ml腺病毒。预计基于获自动物模型的数据的载体剂量范围最终可用于临床处置中,直到开发出可药用制剂。
两种局部应用的0.02%w/v的ACT组合物(一种立即使用,另一种24小时后使用)足以减轻炎症、促进愈合、减少瘢痕形成、增加抗拉强度并促进复杂组织再生。但是,在临床处置中,推荐将局部施用的频率提高到最高达3次/天(浓度最高达5%),直至医生确定已获得显著好转。对于体内给药,例如静脉内给药、肌内给药、脑内给药、心内给药和脊内给药,推荐将频率增加为最高达3个剂量(1%w/v或v/v)/天,直至医生确定有显著好转。
给予促进伤口愈合的所公开组合物如多肽后,该治疗组合物的疗效可由本领域的技术人员通过多种方式进行评估。例如,通过观察发现组织损伤后本文所公开组合物如多肽可在受试者中减少瘢痕组织形成、减少纤维组织形成、促进组织再生或减轻炎症,本领域的技术人员将会获知该组合物可有效促进受试者的伤口愈合。测量这些标准的方法为本领域所知,并且将在本文中详细描述。
还提供了含有本文提供的组合物(如多肽、核酸或载体)的材料。例如,提供了用来处理伤口的材料,其中所述材料由ACT多肽包被。用来处理伤口的材料的非限制性实例包括绷带、免缝胶带、缝线、U形钉或移植物(如皮肤移植物)。
例如,可将该材料(如绷带、免缝胶带、缝线、U形钉、移植物)浸泡于浓度为10-200μM的所提供多肽中。然后干燥该材料并将其封装在无菌容器中。还可在4℃将该材料浸泡于液态的10-30%Pluronic凝胶中,该Pluronic凝胶含有浓度为10-200μM的多肽。然后使该材料升温到室温附近,这使得凝胶发生聚合,并在该材料周围形成多肽浸透凝胶包衣,该材料可封装在无菌容器中。还可将多肽掺入可交联的水凝胶系统,例如聚(乳酸-共-羟乙酸)(PLGA)或聚氨基甲酸酯,然后可将其制成处理伤口的材料(如绷带、免缝胶带、缝线、U形钉、移植物)。因此,提供了复合型水凝胶-肽材料。
还公开了在植入受试者之前包被有所提供多肽的医用植入物。例如,这类植入外科手术中的一个常见问题是,由于瘢痕组织的形成,会在植入物周围形成收缩囊(contraction capsule),这会使得所研究组织不适当地硬化、收缩并最终变形。在植入物内或表面使用本发明多肽可减少或预防这种变形。医用植入物的非限制性实例包括:假肢、乳房假体、阴茎假体、睾丸植入物、人工眼、面部植入物、人工关节、人工心脏瓣膜、人工血管、假牙、面部假体、倾斜碟瓣、笼球瓣、假耳、假鼻、起搏器、耳蜗植入物和皮肤替代品(如猪异种移植物/猪皮、BIOBRANE、培养的角质形成细胞)。
A.方法
本文提供了一种促进受试者组织损伤后的伤口愈合的方法,包括给予所述受试者一种或多种存在于可药用载体中的本文提供的组合物(如多肽、核酸或载体)。还提供了一种治疗组织损伤的受试者的方法,包括给予所述受试者一种或多种存在于可药用载体中的本文提供的组合物(如多肽、核酸或载体)。
“促进”、“增加”和“提高”指的是活性、反应性、病况、疾病或其他生物学参数的升高。这可包括但不限于活性、反应性、病况或疾病的引发。这可包括例如与天然或对照水平相比较,活性、反应性、病况或疾病升高了10%。因此,与天然或对照水平相比较,升高量可为10、20、30、40、50、60、70、80、90、100%或其间的任一升高量。
“治疗”或“疗法”指的是减少疾病或病症影响的方法。疗法还可指减少疾病或病症自身的根本病因而非仅仅症状。疗法可为相对于天然水平的任何减缓,并且可为但不限于疾病、病症或疾病或病症的症状的彻底根除。例如,若与相同受试者或对照受试者的天然水平相比较,患病受试者的一种或多种疾病症状减轻10%,则认为所公开的促进伤口愈合的方法是一种疗法。因此,与天然或对照水平相比较,减轻量可为10、20、30、40、50、60、70、80、90、100%或其间的任一减轻量。
本文所使用的“受试者”包括但不限于动物、植物、细菌、病毒、寄生物以及任何具有核酸的其它生物体或者实体。受试者可为脊椎动物,尤其是哺乳动物(如人、马、猪、兔、狗、绵羊、山羊、除人外的灵长类、牛、猫、豚鼠或啮齿类)、鱼类、鸟类、爬行类或两栖类。受试者可为无脊椎动物,更具体而言为节肢动物(如昆虫和甲壳动物)。该术语并未指出具体年龄或性别。因此,旨在包括成年和新生受试者以及胎儿,不管是雄性还是雌性。患者指的是受到某种疾病或病变折磨的受试者。术语“患者”包括人受试者和兽医学上的受试者。
所提供的方法可减少受试者在组织损伤后瘢痕组织的形成。“瘢痕组织”意为在身体任一组织的损伤或疾病部位形成的纤维(纤维变性)结缔组织,其形成是由于无序胶原和其它结缔组织蛋白质的过度产生所致,起到填补组织中的裂口的作用。瘢痕组织会替换损伤皮肤和其下的肌肉、损害的心肌或内脏例如肝脏的患病区域。尽管较密并且较厚,但是它通常较周围组织颜色更淡,原因在于对其供给的血液很少,并且尽管它在结构上替代了受损组织,但是它不能起到所缺组织的功能。瘢痕组织是由胶原纤维构成,这通常会限制所涉及组织的正常弹性。因此,瘢痕组织会局限肌肉运动的范围限度,或者在影响到淋巴系统或循环系统时阻止流体的正常循环。脑或脊髓损伤后的神经胶质瘢痕组织是中枢神经系统损害后神经功能恢复的主要障碍之一。瘢痕组织的减少可通过损伤部位内各类型的细胞数目来评估。例如,神经胶质瘢痕组织的减少可通过所增加的神经细胞和星形细胞的比率进行估计。瘢痕组织形成的减少可通过对瘢痕宽度或瘢痕组织的面积进行简单测量来测量得到(Wilgus et al.,2003)。另外,可就愈合组织中的组织复杂性相对于正常组织的恢复情况进行组织学评估。
除了减少受试者在组织损伤后纤维变性组织的形成,所提供的组合物和方法还可用来治疗受试者中与纤维变性组织形成的病理性增加相关的病变,例如银屑病、皮肤和全身性肥大细胞增多症、哮喘、湿疹、鼻窦炎、动脉粥样硬化、类风湿性关节炎、炎性肠病、多发性硬化、肺纤维化和囊性纤维化。受试者中纤维变性组织形成的减少可通过医生的临床判断进行测量,该临床判断即为评价治疗之后受试者的给定组织和/或器官的正常结构和功能是否得到恢复。作为一个实例,对于银屑病,医生会对受试者的皮肤进行评估,以确定由银白色鳞屑组织覆盖的发红的皮肤斑片是否减少。某些类型的银屑病其特征在于出现丘疹(脓疱性银屑病)或出现烧伤(红皮病型银屑病)表现。在这些情况下,医生会确定治疗是否引起这些症状的减轻。就受试者——医生对所述受试者的活组织检查在临床上是否可行和/或必需进行判断——或人类疾病的动物模型中的组织或器官而言,可制备活组织检查的组织碎片,并由临床病理学家和/或训练有素的组织病理学家对组织的组织学结构进行评估,以确定是否出现纤维化的减少以及正常组织结构和功能是否得到恢复。正常组织纤维化面积还可在该组织学标本上进行定量评估。
所提供的方法可在受试者组织损伤后恢复正常组织的机械性质例如抗拉强度等。“抗拉强度”指的是破坏组织或伤口所需应力或应变(strain)的量。
所处理伤口的抗拉强度在治疗后三个月内可为未损伤组织的抗拉强度的60、65、70、75、80、85、90、95、100%。因此,提供了一种恢复组织机械性能的方法,包括增加愈合损伤的抗拉强度,使其接近或达到受试者正常未损伤组织的抗拉强度,包括给予所述受试者一种或多种本文提供的存在于药用载体中的组合物(如多肽、核酸或载体)。
伤口类型在抗拉强度/拉伸度方面非常重要,它包括骨骼肌结构/组织以及包覆这些结构的皮肤的损伤。例如,所提供方法可提高关节、骨、软骨、腱或韧带的抗拉强度。所提供方法还可提高较强应力/应变下的皮肤例如包覆肘、膝或足的皮肤等的抗拉强度。与关节损伤的愈合相关的最常见问题为这些区域过度的瘢痕形成导致愈合关节区域收缩并且缺乏拉伸性。这就产生了严重的美容学和生理学后果。该肽的性质有助于调节和减少这种瘢痕组织的形成,从而使得关节具有更大的灵活性。
所提供的方法可在受试者组织损伤后促进组织再生。“再生”意为损伤后的或者作为正常的身体过程的身体或身体的一部分、组织或物质的更新、重新生长或恢复。与瘢痕形成相比,组织再生涉及组织恢复为原来的结构、功能和生理状态。这在本文中还被称为组织“复杂性”。恢复可为部分恢复或完全恢复,这意味着与天然或对照水平相比,有10、20、30、40、50、60、70、80、90、100%的恢复或其间的任一恢复量。作为一个实例,就皮肤损伤而言,组织再生可涉及毛囊、腺体结构、血管、肌肉或脂肪的恢复。就脑损伤而言,组织再生涉及神经元的维持或恢复。作为一个实例,就皮肤而言,组织再生的增进可通过测量纤维瘢痕组织与正常再生皮肤之间的体积比来评估。作为另一个实例,可对离散的再生结构例如用伤口区域的体积标准化的再生皮肤腺等进行计数。
一方面,组织再生涉及替代受损害细胞的干细胞的募集和分化。本文所使用的“干细胞”为存在于组织或器官的分化细胞之中的,或为从外部来源(例如胚胎干细胞、成体骨髓干细胞)引入的未分化细胞,这种未分化细胞自身能再生并分化产生组织或器官主要的特化细胞类型。活体中干细胞的主要作用是维持和修复其所在的组织。干细胞分化意为非特化细胞(如干细胞)获得特化细胞如皮肤细胞、神经细胞、心脏细胞、肝脏细胞或肌肉细胞等的特征这一过程。作为一个实例,就皮肤损伤而言,组织再生可涉及上皮组织中存在的干细胞分化成为毛囊(Alonso and Fuchs,2003)。就脑损伤而言,组织再生可涉及干细胞分化成为神经元。所提供的方法可在受试者组织损伤后增强干细胞分化。得到增强的干细胞分化可通过以下步骤进行测量:提供一种在临床上可接受的标记内源或移入的干细胞的遗传学方法或其它方法,并确定标记的干细胞分化成以及掺入到正常组织结构的频率。作为另一个实例,已知某些结构如毛囊可在组织损伤后由内源干细胞再生。因此,对以组织损伤面积标准化的毛囊的计数可用作增强的干细胞分化的定量评估手段。
所提供方法可减轻受试者的炎症。“炎症”、“炎症反应”或“免疫应答”意为活组织对损伤、感染或刺激的反应,其特征为发红、发热、肿胀、疼痛和功能丧失,其产生是由于血流量增加以及免疫细胞和分泌物进入所致。炎症是身体对入侵的感染性微生物的反应,并且会引起被侵袭区域血流量增加、吸引白细胞的化学物质的释放、血浆流量的增加以及清除碎片的单核细胞(或者就脑而言为星形细胞)的到达。激发炎症反应的任何物质均被称为炎症物质。因此,除了减轻对组织损伤产生应答的受试者的炎症外,所提供的组合物和方法还可用来治疗与炎症细胞水平的病理性升高相关的病变,包括例如哮喘、湿疹、鼻窦炎、动脉粥样硬化、类风湿性关节炎、炎性肠病、皮肤和全身性肥大细胞增多症、银屑病和多发性硬化。用所提供的多肽进行治疗还可减轻例如愈合伤口的瘙痒。一般而言,瘙痒是由于肥大细胞释放的组胺所致。所提供多肽可减少肥大细胞的脱颗粒化和组胺的释放。因此,所提供多肽可用来治疗涉及组胺释放的病症,包括但不限于瘙痒、抓伤、窦刺激、变应性咳嗽、红眼、哮喘和湿疹。
炎症的减轻可通过炎症细胞类型例如单核细胞或星形细胞等的密度的减小来测量。炎症的减轻可通过炎症细胞类型例如嗜中性粒细胞、肥大细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞以及单核细胞等的密度的减小来测量。炎症的减轻可通过嗜中性粒细胞活性的体内测量而计算得到(Jones et al.,1994)。另外,诸如肥大细胞的脱颗粒化频率、组胺水平或者活性氧类的水平的测量等因素可用作炎症减轻的量度。炎症水平还可通过对采用qRT-PCR获得的某些基因的转录水平进行核查来间接测量,所述基因诸如干扰素α、干扰素β、干扰素γ、肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素1β、白细胞介素2、白细胞介素4、白细胞介素5、白细胞介素6、白细胞介素8、白细胞介素12、白细胞介素18、白细胞介素23、白细胞介素27、CD4、CD28、CD80、CD86、MHCII和iNOS的基因。对受试者的组织和/或包括血浆等的体液中的促炎细胞因子进行测量可测量炎症的减轻情况。值得注意的是,ACT肽作用机理可能是通过抑制炎症细胞迁移和/或抑制促炎化学物质(组胺、活性氧类)和促炎细胞因子如白细胞介素(IL)-1、IL-6、IL-8和肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)进行作用的。
所提供方法可抑制受试者中转化细胞的增殖(参见图2)。转化细胞指的是分裂繁殖异常且生长失控的赘生细胞、癌细胞或肿瘤细胞。因此,对所述转化细胞增殖(增生)的抑制可引起生长减缓,由此减轻癌症恶性。所公开组合物和方法可用来治疗的癌症的代表性但非限制性列表如下:胶质瘤,淋巴瘤,B细胞淋巴瘤,T细胞淋巴瘤,蕈样肉芽肿病,霍奇金病,髓细胞性白血病,膀胱癌,脑癌,神经系统癌,头颈癌,头颈鳞状细胞癌,肾癌,肺癌例如小细胞肺癌和非小细胞肺癌,成神经细胞瘤,成胶质细胞瘤,卵巢癌,胰腺癌,前列腺癌,皮肤癌,肝癌,黑素瘤,口、咽、喉和肺的鳞状细胞癌,结肠癌,子宫颈癌(cervical cancer),子宫颈癌(cervical carcinoma),乳腺癌和上皮癌,肾癌,生殖泌尿系癌,肺癌,食管癌,头颈癌,大肠癌,造血系统肿瘤,睾丸癌,结肠直肠癌,前列腺癌或胰腺癌。因此,所提供方法可用来治疗受试者的癌症。例如,所提供方法可用来治疗受试者胶质瘤。
转化细胞增殖的抑制可通过用于例如下列各项的多种细胞增殖标记和药盒,例如Ki67/MIB-1免疫染色、氚化胸腺嘧啶核苷或溴代脱氧尿苷标记指数、DNA S期细胞比例、增殖细胞核抗原表达、可能的倍增时间以及对核仁形成区相关蛋白质的分析(AgNOR)进行测量。由于肿瘤的增殖活性取决于进入周期的细胞的比例(生长分数)和细胞周期的速度,因此,肿瘤的实际增殖活性可通过等式[PA=Ki67或MIB-1得分×AgNOR]进行很好地测量(Pich et al.,2004)。在另一个实例中,组织病理学家很擅长于使用有丝分裂的定性和定量指数来对活组织检查组织切片进行评估,以确定转化细胞群的增殖情况。
已开发出用于癌症研究的多种小鼠模型。针对特定类型癌症有特定小鼠模型。例如,膀胱癌、子宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌、胃肠癌、泌尿生殖系癌、头颈癌、造血系统癌、肾癌、肺癌、乳腺癌、黑素瘤、骨髓瘤、神经系统癌、口腔癌、卵巢癌、胰腺癌、前列腺癌、肉瘤、皮肤癌。这些模型得到了很好地描述和使用。本文所提供的多肽、核酸和载体的有益作用可在这其中的任一模型中进行研究。例如,皮肤癌小鼠模型可容易地用来进行说明。使用无特异性病原体的同系的纯系小鼠(一种裸小鼠),采用生长的人类癌组织的异种移植模型可培育出肿瘤(Yoo,2004)。本文提供的多肽、核酸和载体可通过例如生物工程材料如中空纤维膜(Orlandini and Margaria.1983;Ming Chu et al.,1998)和微纤维、缓释小球、皮下注射针、留置导管进行局部给药,所述生物工程材料可局部插入肿瘤生长部位,或者通过静脉内输注、肌内注射、腹膜内注射进行全身给药来到达其靶标。可仅给予该治疗剂本身或将其与其它治疗化合物如化疗剂联合给药。
所提供方法可抑制受试者中的转化细胞的转移。“转移”指的是癌细胞通常通过血管或淋巴系统从原始位点传播至体内一个或多个其它位点。转移可分解为一系列事件。首先,在这个过程中首先出现癌细胞迁移,藉此肿瘤细胞会离开原来的生长位点,通常穿透基底膜并移向该处的脉管系统。内渗描述了癌细胞进入脉管系统并在远端位点分布的过程。外渗指的是癌细胞离开脉管系统的过程。最终,远端位点的癌细胞的增殖受到局部生长因子的可得性、基质细胞的影响和周围的胞外基质环境(所谓的“土壤”)以及生长肿瘤所致的血管化所提供的营养物质和因子利用率的显著影响。因此,所提供的组合物和方法可通过抑制所述细胞的迁移(即转移性迁移)来抑制受试者中的转化细胞的转移。肿瘤发生是由于细胞周期的瓦解从而导致细胞增殖失控所致。调控细胞周期进程的特定细胞过程机制以及分裂间期期间检查点(checkpoint)把关发生失调。通常,这些事件高度保守,原因在于保守机制和分子例如细胞周期基因及其产物的存在。转移性迁移的抑制可通过诸如细胞周期蛋白、细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶(Cdks)、Cdk抑制剂(CKI)和胞外因子(即生长因子)等的细胞周期基因及产物的水平进行测量。使用激光细胞计量术的革命性技术和商业软件可用来对细胞周期进程和细胞生长进行定量和评估。使用直方图对包括倍性值在内的S期细胞比例所进行的测量以及对指数例如有丝分裂指数和肿瘤倍增时间指数的估计可为临床医师提供足够的信息来对肿瘤侵占性进行评估。
本文所使用的组织损伤可为如下因素所致,例如刮伤,切伤,裂伤,挤压伤(crush wound),加压伤(compression wound),牵张性损伤,咬伤,擦伤,枪弹伤,爆炸伤,身体穿孔,刺伤,烧伤,风吹性皮肤伤,晒伤,化学烧伤,外科伤口,外科手术,医学介入,细胞、组织或器官移植后的宿主排斥,药物作用,药物副作用,褥疮,放射性损伤,化妆品引起的皮肤损伤,内脏损伤,疾病过程(如哮喘、癌症),感染,传染源,发育过程,化脓过程(如痤疮),遗传异常,发育异常,环境毒素,变应原,头皮损伤,面部损伤,鄂损伤,脚损伤,脚趾损伤,手指损伤,骨损伤,性器官损伤,关节损伤,排泄器官损伤,眼损伤,角膜损伤,肌肉损伤,脂肪组织损伤,肺损伤,气道损伤,疝气,肛门损伤,痔疮,耳损伤,视网膜损伤,皮肤损伤,腹部损伤,手臂损伤,腿损伤,运动损伤,背部损伤,产伤,早产损伤,毒性咬伤,螫伤,腱损伤,韧带损伤,心脏损伤,心瓣膜损伤,血管系统损伤,软骨损伤,淋巴系统损伤,颅脑损伤,脱臼,食管穿孔,指甲损伤,异物,骨折,冻伤,手伤,热应激损伤,撕裂,颈损伤,自身自残,休克,创伤性软组织损伤,脊髓损伤(spinal cord injury),脊柱损伤(spinal injury),扭伤,劳损,腱损伤,韧带损伤,软骨损伤,胸部损伤,牙损伤,创伤,神经系统损伤,衰老,动脉瘤,中风,消化道损伤,梗塞或缺血性损伤。
B.制备组合物的方法
除非另外明确指明,本文所公开的组合物以及实行所公开方法所必须的组合物可通过本领域普通技术人员已知的、用于制备该具体试剂或化合物的任何方法进行制备。
例如,所提供核酸可使用标准的化学合成法来制备,或者使用酶学法或任何其它已知方法来生产。这类方法包括从核苷酸片段分离之后的标准酶消化(参见例如Sambrook et al.,Molecular Cloning:A LaboratoryManual,2nd Edition(Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press,ColdSpring Harbor,N.Y.,1989)第5,6章)到纯粹的合成方法,例如通过使用Milligen 或Beckman System 1Plus DNA合成仪(例如Milligen-Biosearch,Burlington,MA的型号为8700的自动合成仪或ABI型号380B)的氰乙基亚磷酰胺法。用于制备寡核苷酸的合成方法还描述于Ikuta et al,Ann.Rev.Biochem.53:323-356(1984),(磷酸三酯法和亚磷酸三酯法)和Narang et al.,Methods EnzyrnoL,65:610-620(1980),(磷酸三酯法)。蛋白质核酸分子可使用已知方法例如描述于Nielsen et al,Bioconjug.Chem.5:3-7(1994)的方法制备。
生产所公开多肽例如SEQ ID NO:2的一种方法是通过蛋白质化学技术将两个或多个肽或多肽连接在一起。例如,使用现有的实验设备,使用Fmoc(9-芴甲氧羰基)或Boc(叔丁氧羰基)(Applied Biosystems,Inc.,FosterCity,CA),可通过化学方式合成肽或多肽。本领域的技术人员可容易地理解与所公开蛋白质相对应的肽或多肽可例如通过标准的化学反应合成。例如,可合成一种肽或多肽并且不将它们从其合成树脂上切割下来,而可合成一种肽或蛋白质的其它片段并随后将其从树脂上切割下来,由此暴露其它片段上功能性阻断的一个末端基团。通过肽缩合反应,这两个片段可分别在其羧基端和氨基端通过肽键共价连接,以形成蛋白质或其片段(GrantGA(1992)Synthetic Peptides:A User Guide.W.H.Freeman and Co.,N.Y.(1992);Bodansky M and Trost B.,Ed.(1993)Principles ofPeptide Synthesis.Springer-Verlag Inc.,NY(至少就与肽合成相关的内容通过援引将其纳入本文)。或者,该肽或多肽可如本文所述在体内独立合成。一旦分离,这些独立的肽或多肽可通过相似的肽缩合反应连接形成肽或其片段。
例如,克隆得到的或合成的肽区段的酶连接可使得相对较短的肽片段连接起来产生较大的肽片段、多肽或整个蛋白质结构域(Abrahmsen L etal.,Biochemistry,30:4151(1991)).或者,可利用对合成肽进行天然的化学连接,通过合成由较短肽片段构建较大的肽或多肽。该方法由两步化学反应构成(Dawson et al.Synthesis of Proteins by Native ChemicalLigation.Science,266:776-779(1994))。第一步是未保护的合成肽-硫酯与另一种含有氨基端Cys残基的未保护的肽区段发生化学选择反应,以获得作为初始共价产物的硫酯连接的中间体。在不改变反应条件的情况下,该中间体进行自发快速的分子内反应,以在连接位点形成天然的肽键(Baggiolini M et al.(1992)FEBS Lett.307:97-101;Clark-Lewis I etal.,J.Biol.Chem.,269:16075(1994);Clark-Lewis K et al.,Biochemistry,30:3128(1991);Rajarathnam K et al.,Biochemistry33:6623-30(1994))。
或者,可通过化学方式连接未保护的肽区段,其中由于化学连接而在肽区段之间形成的键为非天然(非肽)键(Schnolzer,M et al.Science,256:221(1992))。该技术可用来合成具有完全的生物学活性的大量相对较纯的蛋白质以及蛋白质结构域类似物(deLisle Milton RC et al.,Techniques in Protein Chemistry IV.Academic Press,New York,pp.257-267(1992))。
公开了制备组合物以及制备导致该组合物的中间体的方法。有很多方法可用来制备这些组合物,例如合成化学法和标准的分子生物学方法。所理解的是,特别公开了制备这些和其它所公开组合物的方法。公开了由如下方法产生得到的核酸分子,所述方法包括以操作性方式连接编码本文所公开多肽的核酸和调控该核酸表达的序列。公开了由如下方法产生得到的细胞,所述方法为用本文所公开的任何核酸转化该细胞。公开了由如下方法产生得到的任何所公开的肽,所述方法为表达任何本文所公开的核酸。公开了通过如下方法产生得到的动物,所述方法为用任何本文所公开的核酸分子转染该动物内的细胞。公开了通过如下方法产生得到的动物,所述方法为用任何本文所公开的核酸分子转染该动物内的细胞,其中所述动物为哺乳动物。还公开了通过如下方法产生得到的动物,所述方法为用任何本文所公开的核酸分子转染该动物内的细胞,其中所述哺乳动物为小鼠、大鼠、兔、牛、羊、猪或灵长类。还公开了通过如下方法产生得到的动物,其中所述方法为将任何本文所公开的细胞加至该动物。
C.药盒
上述物质和其它物质可以任何合适的组合方式组装成为用于实施所公开方法或有助于实施该方法的药盒。如果给定药盒的药盒组分被设计成一起用于并且它们适合一起用于所公开方法则是有用的。例如,公开了促进伤口愈合的药盒,该药盒包含一种或多种存在于可药用载体中的本文提供的多肽、核酸或载体。该药盒还可包括凝胶、绷带、微孔带、医用Q-tip、喷雾剂、滴剂、糖浆、液体、一次性试管或小袋。该药盒还可含有关于该产品或制剂的正确使用和安全信息的说明书。该药盒可含有基于医生所确定的用法和给药方法的剂量信息。
D.用途
所公开方法和组合物可应用至多个领域,包括但不限于实验室研究工具。这些制剂在几个细胞过程例如细胞增殖、细胞迁移等中起调控作用。这些制剂可在实验室用于研究各种细胞过程,细胞周期调控,细胞行为,细胞、器官或组织对测试化合物的应答等的体内和体外模型系统中。这些制剂可单独提供或与其它化合物联合提供或作为药盒例如细胞增殖分析药盒的一部分提供。该药盒可仅含有本文所述制剂本身或该制剂与其它化合物的组合。该药盒可含有被设计用来帮助实验的说明书。公开了显而易见于所公开内容的其它用途,并且/或者这些用途可为本领域的技术人员所理解。
实施例
实施例1:体外划伤
根据标准方法培养新生大鼠心脏的肌细胞,直至在组织培养皿上形成接近汇合的细胞单层。然后使该培养物在含有30μM ACT 1肽(SEQ IDNO:2)、30μM非活性对照肽(SEQ ID NO:55)或不含ACT肽或对照肽的磷酸盐缓冲盐水(PBS)的培养基中再培养5天。该非活性对照肽包含羧基端为倒置ACT序列的多肽。ACT肽和对照肽的氨基端均被生物素化,这使得能使用标准显微方法或生物化学法检测(即分析)细胞胞质中的肽,所述方法以结合生物素的高亲和力链霉亲和素为基础。
实验期间,添加肽或载体对照的培养基每24小时更换一次。图1a表明,相对于对照条件(图1b和图1c),ACT肽大大增加了肌细胞之间Cx43间隙连接形成的程度。如图4所示,很多表达Cx43的细胞类型也在对ACT肽应答时增加Cx43间隙连接的形成。
根据标准方法将NIH-3T3细胞培养2-3天,直至在组织培养皿上形成接近汇合的单细胞层,然后用ACT1肽(SEQ ID NO:2)将该细胞单层预处理24小时,并用p200移液器吸头将其“划伤”。然后在溶于培养基的30μM ACT1肽(SEQ ID NO:2)(图2a,b)的存在下或在两种对照条件的存在下(图2c-f)使“划伤”细胞重新长入24小时。在第一种对照条件下,在溶解于培养基的、浓度为30μM的非天然对照肽(如图1所示)的存在下使“划伤”细胞重新长入24小时。在第二种对照条件中,将磷酸缓冲盐水(PBS)添加至培养基中,并使“划伤”细胞在不含ACT肽或对照肽的该载体对照溶液的存在下(图2e,f)重新长入。ACT肽处理的“划伤”细胞在24小时后保持着相对地重新长入(图2a),鲜有细胞(大箭头)在最初“划伤”边缘内的区域(即小的黑色箭头标记的区域内)重新长入。相反,在对照条件中(图2c,e),大量细胞(大箭头)已在最初的“划伤”区域内重新长入。“划伤”区域细胞的重新长入一部分是通过逐渐行至“划伤”区域的转化细胞的迁移。附图(图2b、d和f)示出“划伤”区域或损伤边缘中的细胞的增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)免疫标记。ACT肽处理的细胞(图2b)仅表现出与本底和未增殖情况相一致的较低亮度。仅在附图示出的两种对照条件下(图2d、f)才观察到显著标记的增殖细胞(白色箭头)。这表明ACT肽也抑制了该实验细胞模型中转化细胞的增殖。
图3a示出24小时后ACT肽处理的细胞和非活性肽处理的对照细胞的损伤边缘。该细胞由有助于观察的荧光鬼笔环肽标记。ACT肽处理的细胞显示出在划伤区域(白色双头箭头)的细胞重新长入水平较低。图3b示出24小时后重新长入划伤区域的细胞的面积百分比柱状图。ACT肽存在下损伤区域细胞的减少是显著的,p值小于0.000001。
WB-F344细胞是通过用致癌剂处理分离的大鼠肝细胞所得到的转化大鼠上皮细胞系(Tsao et al.,1984;Hayashi et al.,1997;Hayashi et al.,1998;Hayashi et al,2001)。用cDNA表达质粒构建体转染WB-F344细胞,并使用标准方法在抗生素条件下对其进行筛选,以形成这样一种细胞系,所述细胞可稳定地表达有效连接启动子序列的编码ACT肽的多核苷酸(SEQID NO.6),或者稳定地表达作为对照的有效连接启动子序列的绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)多核苷酸。编码ACT肽的多核苷酸也编码GFP。因此,ACT肽的表达可在光学显微镜下通过标准GFP荧光光学法进行分析。图4a和b示出仅表达GFP(图4a)或表达GFP和羧基端ACT肽序列(图4a)或仅表达GFP(图4b)的WB-F344细胞系的GFP荧光高倍放大图。将接近汇合WB-F344细胞系的细胞单层“划伤”并使其重新长入24小时。与用载体或非活性对照肽处理的NIH-3T3细胞的对照情况相似,表达GFP的对照上皮细胞系重新长入划伤区(图4c)。但是,在稳定表达有效连接启动子序列的编码ACT肽的多核苷酸的上皮细胞系中,划伤细胞的重新长入受到抑制(图4d)。除了WB-F344细胞系外,已制备了稳定表达有效连接启动子的编码ACT肽的多核苷酸的NIH-3T3细胞系。
实施例2:体内伤口愈合
通过低体温使新生小鼠脱敏。使用手术刀穿过肩胛骨之间的背中线的整层皮肤(下至下层肌肉水平)开一个4mm长的切开性皮肤损伤。然后将30μl不含(对照)或含有溶解ACT 1肽(SEQ ID NO:2)(浓度为60μM)的20%Pluronic(F-127)凝胶溶液施用至切口处。Pluronic凝胶具有平和的表面活性剂性质,该性质有助于将ACT肽均匀分散于微粒中。更重要的是,20%Pluronic凝胶在低于15℃的温度时维持液体状态,而在体温(37℃)时发生聚合。Pluronic凝胶的这一性质可能有助于将肽控释至切口位置的组织,防止肽在伤口的蛋白酶富集的环境中降解,并且还能使肽的活性浓度维持较长一段时间。随后,对照或含有ACT肽的凝胶在第一次施用后24小时再次施用。第二次施用之后不再施用对照和含ACT肽的凝胶。到48小时时,可注意到与没有ACT肽的对照损伤(图5b)相比,ACT肽处理损伤(图5a)显著地闭合更好、发炎较少、不那么肿胀(注意伤口边缘的隆起),并且通常形状愈合更好。对照和ACT肽和对照处理的伤口之间炎症、肿胀和愈合的差异在72小时(图5c、d)和96小时(图5e、f)时保持一致。在第7天,ACT肽伤口(图5g)的形态较对照肽处理的伤口(图5h)的要平滑并且瘢痕较少。注:示出的相同动物的相同损伤在愈合期间的不同时间点的图。
使用精细的手术剪在麻醉的成年小鼠肩胛骨之间的背中线(下至皮肤下层的肌肉)制成8mm宽的环形切除性皮肤损伤(图6a,b)。通过在塑料片上剪出8mm宽环形模板标记出损伤边界。然后将100μl不含(对照)或含有溶解ACT 1肽(SEQ ID NO:2)(浓度为100μM)的30%Pluronic凝胶溶液施用至切除性损伤处。随后,对照或含有ACT肽的凝胶在第一次施用后24小时再次施用。第二次施用之后不再施用对照和含ACT肽的凝胶。在14天期间,ACT肽处理的较大切除性损伤(图6a,c,e,g,i)较没有ACT肽处理的对照损伤(图6b,d,f,h,j)闭合更快、外在炎症减轻、愈合更快并且瘢痕较少。事实上,第14天的对照损伤依然显示出有部分结痂,这表明损伤的快速愈合并不彻底(图6j)。
在切除性损伤后24小时对其中一些小鼠的整个伤口部位进行皮肤活组织检查。使用标准方法,将这些皮肤样本用2%多聚甲醛固定、石蜡包埋、切片并用苏木精和伊红(H&E)进行组织化学染色。图7a和7b分别为示出ACT肽和对照处理损伤的伤口中心附近的横截面的低倍放大视图。在两种情况下均可观察到由正常组织学形态的皮肤形成边界的伤口边缘(由小箭头标记)。黑色方框置于图7a和7b图中的左侧伤口边缘上。置于图7a和7b左侧伤口边缘上的黑色方框内的ACT肽和对照处理的组织的组织学结构分别在图7c和7d以较高放大倍数示出。引人注意的是从损伤的基底部分向损伤的伤口边缘和损伤外表面投射的整齐排列的纤维物质(箭头所示)的“领状”组织。纤维材料纤维物质可作为炎症细胞移动至损伤表面的迁移的物质基质(Elder et al.,1997)。值得注意的是,对照损伤(图7)中的整齐排列的纤维基质的形态较ACT肽处理的损伤(图c)的形态构成有序得多。同时,有相当低密度的炎症细胞散布于ACT肽处理组织的纤维基质。这在图7f和图7e得到确认,其中图7d和图7c示出的黑色方框内的组织切片区域分别以较高放大倍数示出。散布于整齐排列的纤维基质的炎症细胞包括肥大细胞、嗜中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞。对照损伤中的这些炎症细胞的密度较ACT肽处理的损伤中的这些炎症细胞的密度高的多。
在第14天结束时,对整个切除性损伤进行皮肤活组织检查并对这些皮肤样本的组织切片进行H&E组织化学染色。图8a和8b分别示出ACT肽和对照的伤口中心附近的横截面的低倍放大视图。在两种情况下均可观察到由正常组织学形态的皮肤形成边界的伤口边缘(由小箭头标记)。黑色方框置于图8a和8b图中的每个损伤的中心附近。这两个方框内的ACT肽和对照组织的组织学结构分别在图8c和8d以较高放大倍数示出。很显然,ACT肽处理损伤位置内的组织更为复杂。在ACT肽处理伤口的外表面有一层连续的上皮细胞,表明损伤表面的上皮再形成是完全的,纵使伤口中心附近的上皮组织还相对较薄(图8c)。通常可观察到再生毛囊是从包覆愈合伤口的新上皮组织中的干细胞重新分化的(图8c,小箭头)。相比较而言,对照损伤的损伤表面的上皮再形成是不完全的,并且没有毛囊在上皮组织中再生的迹象。在ACT肽处理的损伤皮肤重新形成的上皮组织下层,观察到正常组织复杂性的相当程度的恢复,并且腺体结构、纤维组织和结缔组织、血管组织、肌肉和脂肪细胞都很明显(图8a,c)。如同毛囊一样,该组织复杂性是通过干细胞的分化再生的。相反,在对照损伤中,伤口组织完全由均一和大块的纤维化瘢痕组织(图8b,d)占据,同时,在该瘢痕组织内,组织结构的其它复杂性不太明显。
使用精细的手术剪在麻醉的成年小鼠颈部和(上侧)背部剪出两个小的(直径为5mm)切除性皮肤伤口。通过在塑料片上剪出5mm宽环形模板标记出损伤边界。然后将50-60μl不含(对照)或含有溶解的一种ACT肽(ACT 2-SEQ ID NO:1、ACT 1-SEQ ID NO:2、ACT 3-SEQ ID NO:3、ACT 4-SEQID NO:4或ACT 5-SEQ ID NO:5)(浓度为100μM)的30%Pluronic凝胶溶液施用至切除性损伤处。随后,对照或含有ACT肽的凝胶在第一次施用后24小时再次施用。第二次施用之后不再施用对照和含ACT肽的凝胶。可注意到,在240小时期间(10天),ACT 1(图9e-h)、ACT 2(图9i-l)、ACT 3(图9m-p)和ACT 5(图9u-x)肽处理的切除性损伤较没有ACT肽处理的对照损伤闭合更快,外在炎症减轻,愈合更快并且瘢痕较少。在此期间,ACT4肽(图9q-t)相对于对照在愈合方面似乎也表现出中等程度的改进。注:示出的是相同动物的相同伤口在愈合期间不同时间点的图。
根据标准方法,使用NIH成像在此期间对多只(约5只小鼠/对照或处理条件)成年小鼠的开口的伤口面积进行测量。然后将各个面积测量结果用(除以)在给定时间点对照损伤测量得到的平均面积进行标准化,乘上100,得到相对于对照的未闭合伤口的百分比,然后相对于时间作图。曼-惠特尼U检验法用来在统计学上评估一段时间里ACT肽的作用。ACT 1、ACT2、ACT 3和ACT 5肽显著提高了切除性损伤后的伤口闭合率。这些治疗方法提供了具有显著p值的结果。ACT 1和ACT 3处理组相对于对照可定量地显示出最显著的好转。还在ACT4肽处理组观察到相对于对照较适中但持续的好转。
将麻醉成年大鼠置于立体定位仪上。在头皮上进行中线切割以暴露颅骨。使立体定位钻瞄准前卤点后2mm,并用1mm的球形钻头钻两个小孔,每个小孔分别距离前卤点左侧和右侧2.5mm,硬膜下3.5mm。通过插入18号注射针形成脑损伤。由Paxinos and Watson(1986)的图谱来确定坐标。将中空纤维膜(HFM)插入孔中并用外用皮肤缝线缝合来包覆穿孔。将ACT肽以100μM浓度溶解于HFM所含的2%胶原载体溶液中。对分离的HFM的研究表明这些生物工程构建体能在至少7天时间里缓慢释放可检测水平的ACT肽(通过生物素-链霉亲和素反应进行分析)。在啮齿类动物模型中,脑损伤后,炎症和随后的神经胶质瘢痕形成相关的反应性星形细胞增多持续一段具有明显特征的时间(Norenberg,1994;Fawcett and Asher,1999)。一般而言,大鼠脑内的星形细胞应答在一周后达到峰值,同时神经元以及其它方面的脑组织复杂性丧失。神经胶质瘢痕组织出现之后,GFAP阳性星形细胞的密度降低。图10b和10c为低倍放大视图,示出在脑贯通伤后一周,填充有ACT肽加载体凝胶或对照胶原载体凝胶或ACT肽加载体凝胶的HFM植入物周围的脑组织(皮质)切片。在对照组织中(图10c),在HFM所致损伤部位附近观察到高密度的免疫标记的GFAP阳性星形细胞。这些细胞的密度似乎在损伤远端略有下降。相反,在填充有ACT肽的HFM附近观察到密度低得多的GFAP阳性星形细胞(图10b)。事实上,GFAP阳性细胞的水平与正常未损伤脑组织中观察到的基本相同。图10b和10c白色方框内的组织区域分别在图10d和10e中以高倍放大形式示出。在ACT肽处理的脑损伤中(图10d),可观察到GFAP阳性星形细胞与在对照损伤中观察到的(图10e)相比不仅较少,而且更小。
图11a和11b为低倍放大视图,示出在脑贯通伤后一周填充有对照胶原载体凝胶(图11b)或ACT肽加载体凝胶(图11a)的HFM植入物(植入物或损伤边缘由箭头示出)周围的脑组织(皮质)切片。在对照组织(图11b)中,在HFM所致损伤部位附近观察到高密度免疫标记的GFAP阳性星形细胞和低密度NeuN免疫标记的神经元。这些细胞的密度似乎分别在损伤远端降低和升高。相反,在填充有ACT肽(图11a)的HFM附近(以及远端)观察到密度低得多的GFAP阳性星形细胞和更多的NeuN免疫标记神经元。图11a和11b中HFM附近区域分别在图11c和图11d的高倍放大视图中示出。与ACT肽处理的组织(图11c)相比,在对照组织(图11d)中也观察到密度显著增加的GFAP阳性星形细胞和密度减少的NeuN阳性神经元。在含ACT肽的HFM附近观察到了互补的形式,NeuN阳性神经元明显多于星形细胞(图11c)。
值得注意的是,图11d所示高倍放大视图表明,相对于对照(图11c)频繁出现处于在细胞核分裂过程中的神经元。这表明ACT肽处理相关的神经元密度增加是由于形成了新的神经元。ACT肽还可部分地通过在脑损伤后使神经元免于细胞死亡从而增加神经元密度。
实施例3:急性脊髓损伤的治疗
急性脊髓损伤受试者代表了具有严重问题的一类受试者,对于他们而言,即便是很小的神经学功能恢复也会对其随后的独立性有着重要影响。在一个实例中,在15分钟里给急性脊髓损伤受试者以快速推注方式输注会在8小时内直接进入急性脊髓损伤位点的0.02%至0.1%ACT肽(如SEQ IDNO:1)溶液,45分钟之后开始在此后23至48小时里输注0.01%ACT肽溶液。在另一实例中,将ACT肽用来包被缓释纳米颗粒,所述纳米颗粒会在8小时内直接载至急性脊髓损伤处;或者将ACT肽用来包被组织工程生物支架,所述组织工程生物支架被设计来促进横跨急性脊髓损伤区域神经的重新连接。功能的改善可由医生在治疗后以一定的间隔(如6、12、26和52周)通过神经生物学结果测试进行评估,所述结果测试包括设计来测量运动活动、针刺皮肤敏感性和敏感性的恢复情况的评估方法。
实施例4:切除性皮肤伤口的伤口闭合、组织再生和抗拉强度的定量评估
如上所述,在成年小鼠上形成ACT肽(n=12)和对照(n=8)的直径为5mm的切除性皮肤伤口。然后,在最初损伤后最高达90天的时间点里对伤口闭合率进行定量评估,对再生毛囊进行计数并对抗拉强度进行测量。相对于对照伤口,肽处理组的闭合在24小时内显著增强。同样,在第10天,大部分伤口接近完全闭合时,仍然具有高度显著的差异,由此,ACT肽处理的伤口平均较对照伤口小43%。在第10天时,ACT肽伤口显示出每单位愈合伤口面积的再生毛囊数目比对照伤口明显增加了3.2倍。
在损伤后1个月和3个月对已愈合的直径为5mm的切除性伤口的机械性质进行研究。为了进行机械性质研究,在处死动物之后获得皮肤样本并使用装有5kg测压仪的MTS 858Mini Bionix(MTS Systems Corporation,MN,USA)进行评估。测量期间,以0.5mm/s的速率拉伸皮肤样本使其破裂,测量破裂时的力和伸展度。按如下方式计算抗拉强度(应力)和破裂伸展度(应变):应力(N/mm2)=破裂时的力(N)/样本的横截面积mm2);应变(%)=[破裂时长度的增加值(mm)/原始长度(mm)]×100。每个伤口皮肤样本的应力和应变计算用自相同动物收集的附近区域的正常皮肤样本进行标准化。
第1个月时,伤口皮肤破裂所需应力(即标准化的力)与对照伤口皮肤的相似。第3个月时,肽处理的伤口皮肤破裂的标准化应力平均是对照伤口皮肤的两倍,但是处理组内较高的方差使得该平均值无法明显地与对照相区别。该结果表明肽处理的伤口的固有抗拉强度与未处理伤口的一样好或者较之更好。另外发现肽处理的伤口的伸展度有显著改善。第一个月时,破坏肽处理的伤口所需应变(即伸展度)的量相对于对照伤口有中度提高,第三个月时,肽处理伤口表现出更为显著的改善,增加到接近正常未处理皮肤的90%。而第三个月时对照伤口的伸展度仅为正常皮肤的60%。
应当理解的是,由于所公开的方法和组合物可有所变化,所以它们并不限于所述的具体方法、方案和试剂。还理解的是,本文所使用的术语目的仅在于描述具体的实施方案,无意于限制仅由所附权利要求书限定的本发明的范围。
必须注意,除非上下文另外明确指明相反,本文以及所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式“一个”、“一种”和“该”包括复数指代对象。因此,例如,提及“一个多肽”时包括多个这类多肽,提及“该多肽”时是指一种或多种多肽以及本领域已知的其等价物,等。
“任选的”或“任选地”意为下述事件、情况或材料出现或者存在与否均可,并且该描述包括其中该事件、情况或材料出现或存在的情形以及不出现或不存在的情形。
本文中范围可以表示为从“大约”一个具体的数值,和/或至“大约”另一个具体的数值。除非上下文另外明确指明,当表示为该范围时,特别考虑和认为公开了从一个具体数值和/或至另一个具体数值的范围。类似地,当通过在前面使用“大约”将数值表示为近似值时,应当理解的是,除非上下文另外特别指明,该具体的数值构成了应被认为被公开了并被特别考虑的另一个实施方案。应当进一步理解的是,除非上下文另外明确指明,每个范围的端点在与另一个端点相关和独立于另一个端点时都是有意义的。最后,还应理解的是,除非上下文另外明确指明,明确公开范围内的全部单个数值以及其中含有数值的较小范围也特别考虑并应被认为被公开。不管在具体的情况下这其中的某些实施方案或全部实施方案是否被具体公开,上述内容均可适用。
除非另外指明,本文所使用的全部技术和科学术语的含义与所公开方法和组合物所述领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。尽管与本文所述方法和材料相似或等价的任何方法和材料可用来实施或测试本发明的方法和组合物,但是还是对特别有用的方法、设备和材料进行了描述。所引用的公开出版物以及其被引用的内容通过援引特别纳入本文。根据在先发明,本文中的内容不能被解释为承认本发明不具有在现有发明公开内容之前的资格。并不承认任一参考文献可构成现有技术。参考文献的讨论内容表明其作者所声称的内容,并且申请人保留质疑所引用文献的准确性和相关性的权利。可很清楚理解的是,尽管本文引用了多篇出版物,但是这些参考文献并不意味着承认这其中的任一篇文献构成本领域的公知常识的一部分。
在整个说明书的描述和权利要求中,单词“包含”以及其变化形式如“含有”和“包括”意为“包括但不限于”,无意于排除例如其它添加剂、组分、整数或步骤。
本领域的技术人员能意识到或者能确信不仅可使用一种以上的常规实验,还可使用本文所述方法和组合物的具体实施方案的很多等价方案。随后的权利要求书意在涵盖这些等价方案。
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序列
SEQ ID NO:1(ACT2)
PSSRASSRASSRPRPDDLEI
SEQ ID NO:2(ACT 1)
RPRPDDLEI
SEQ ID NO:3(ACT 3)
RPRPDDLEV
SEQ ID NO:4(ACT4)
RPRPDDVPV
SEQ ID NO:5(ACT5)
KARSDDLSV
SEQ ID NO:6
aga cct cgg cct gat gac ctg gag att
SEQ ID NO:7(Antp)
SEQ ID NO:8(Antp/ACT 2)
RQPKIWFPNRRKPWKKPSSRASSRASSRPRPDDLEI
SEQ ID NO:9(Antp/ACT 1)
RQPKIWFPNRRKPWKKRPRPDDLEI
SEQ ID NO:10(Antp/ACT 3)
RQPKIWFPNRRKPWKKRPRPDDLEV
SEQ ID NO:11(Antp/ACT 4)
RQPKIWFPNRRKPWKKRPRPDDVPV
SEQ ID NO:12(Antp/ACT 5)
RQPKIWFPNRRKPWKKKARSDDLSV
SEQ ID NO:13(编码SEQ ID NO:9的多肽)
cgg cag ccc aag atc tgg ttc ccc aac cgg cgg aag ccc tgg aag aag cgg ccc ggc ccg acg acc tgg aga
tc
SEQ ID NO:14(HIV-Tat)
GRKKRRQRPPQ
SEQ ID NO:15(穿膜肽)
RQIKIWFQNRRMKWKK
SEQ ID NO:16(Antp-3A)
RQIAIWFQNRRMKWAA
SEQ ID NO:17(Tat)
RKKRRQRRR
SEQ ID NO:18(Buforin II)
TRSSRAGLQFPVGRVHRLLRK
SEQ ID NO:19(Transportan)
GWTLNSAGYLLGKINKALAALAKKIL
SEQ ID NO:20(模型两亲肽)
KLALKLALKALKAALKLA
SEQ ID NO:21(K-FGF)
AAVALLPAVLLALLAP
SEQ ID NO:22(Ku70)
VPMLK-PMLKE
SEQ ID NO:23(阮病毒)
MANLGYWLLALFVTMWTDVGLCKKRPKP
SEQ ID NO:24(pVEC)
LLIILRRRIRKQAHAHSK
SEQ ID NO:25(Pep-1)
KETWWETWWTEWSQPKKKRKV
SEQ ID NO:26(SynB1)
RGGRLSYSRRRFSTSTGR
SEQ ID NO:27(Pep-7)
SDLWEMMMVSLACQY
SEQ ID NO:28(HN-1)
TSPLNIHNGQKL
SEQ ID NO:29(鸡alpha Cx43 ACT)
PSRASSRASSRPRPDDLEI
SEQ ID NO:30(人alpha C×45)
GSNKSTASSKSPDPKNSVWI
SEQ ID NO:31(鸡alpha Cx45)
GSNKSSASSKSGDGKNSVWI
SEQ ID:32(人alpha Cx46)
GRASKASRASSGRARPEDLAI
SEQ ID:33(人alpha Cx46.6)
GSASSRDGKTVWI
SEQ ID NO:34(黑猩猩alpha Cx36)
PRVSVPNFGRTQSSDSAYV
SEQ ID NO:35(鸡alpha C×36)
PRMSMPNFGRTQSSDSAYV
SEQ ID NO:36(人alpha Cx47)
PRAGSEKGSASSRDGKTTVWI
SEQ ID NO:37(人alpha C×40)
GYHSDKRRLSKASSKARSDDLSV
SEQ ID NO:38(人alpha C×50)
PLSRLSKASSRARSDDLTV
SEQ ID NO:39(人alpha C×59)
PNHWSLTNNLIGRRVPTDLQI
SEQ ID NO:40(大鼠alpha Cx33)
PSCVSSSAVLTTICSSDQVVPVGLSSFYM
SEQ ID NO:41(绵羊alpha Cx44)
GRSSKASKSSGGRARAADLAI
SEQ ID NO:42(人beta C×26)
LCYLLIRYCSGKSKKPV
SEQ ID:43(人alpha Cx37)
G QK PP SRPS SSAS K KQ*YV
SEQ ID 44:(保守Cx43变体)
SSRASSRASSRPRPDDLEV
SEQ ID 45:(保守Cx43变体)
RPKPDDLEI,
SEQ ID 46:(保守Cx43变体)
SSRASSRASSRPKPDDLEI,
SEQ ID 47:(保守Cx43变体)
RPKPDDLDI
SEQ ID 48:(保守Cx43变体)
SSRASSRASSRPRPDDLDI
SEQ ID 49:(保守Cx43变体)
SSRASTRASSRPRPDDLEI
SEQ ID 50:(保守Cx43变体)
RPRPEDLEI
SEQ ID 51:(保守Cx43变体)
SSRASSRASSRPRPEDLEI,
SEQ ID 52:(保守Cx45变体)
GDGKNSVWV
SEQ ID 53:(保守Cx45变体)
SKAGSNKSTASSKSGDGKNSVWV
SEQ ID 54:(保守Cx37变体)
GQKPPSRPSSSASKKLYV
SEQ ID NO:55(非活性对照肽)
RQPKIWFPNRRKPWKIELDDPRPR
SEQ ID NO:56(HIV-Tat/ACT 1)
GRKKRRQRPPQRPRPDDLEI
SEQ ID NO:57(穿膜肽/ACT 1)
RQIKIWFQNRRMKWKK RPRPDDLEI
SEQ ID NO:58(Antp-3A/ACT 1)
RQIAIWFQNRRMKWAA RPRPDDLEI
SEQ ID NO:59(Tat/ ACT 1)
RKKRRQRRR RPRPDDLEI
SEQ ID NO:60(Buforin II/ACT 1)
TRSSRAGLQFPVGRVHRLLRK RPRPDDLEI
SEQ ID NO:61(Transportan/ACT 1)
GWTLNSAGYLLGKINKALAALAKKIL RPRPDDLEI
SEQ ID NO:62(MAP/ACT 1)
KLALKLALKALKAALKLA RPRPDDLEI
SEQ ID NO:63(K-FGF/ACT 1)
AAVALLPAVLLALLAP RPRPDDLEI
SEQ ID NO:64(Ku70/ACT 1)
VPMLKPMLKE RPRPDDLEI
SEQ ID NO:65(朊病毒/ACT 1)
MANLGYWLLALFVTMWTDVGLCKKRPKP RPRPDDLEI
SEQ ID NO:66(pVEC/ACT 1)
LLIILRRRIRKQAHAHSK RPRPDDLEI
SEQ ID NO:67(Pep-1/ACT 1)
KETWWETWWTEWSQPKKKRKV RPRPDDLEI
SEQ ID NO:68(SynB1/ACT 1)
RGGRLSYSRRRFSTSTGR RPRPDDLEI
SEQ ID NO:69(Pep-7/ACT 1)
SDLWEMMMVSLACQY RPRPDDLEI
SEQ ID NO:70(HN-1/ACT 1)
TSPLNIHNGQKL RPRPDDLEI
SEQ ID NO:72(人Cx43的氨基酸363侧翼的20至120个残基)
KGKSDPYHATSGALSPAKDCGSQKYAYFNGCSSPTAPLSPMSPPGYKLVT
GDRNNSSCRNYNKQASEQNWANYSAEQNRMGQAGSTISNSHAQPFDFPDD
NQNSKKLAAGHELQPLAIVD
SEQ ID NO:73(鸡Cx43的氨基酸362侧翼的20至120个残基)
KTDPYSHSGTMSPSKDCGSPKYAYYNGCSSPTAPLSPMSPPGYKLVTGDRNNSSCRNYNKQAS
EQNWANYSAEQNRMGQAGSTISNSHAQPFDFADEHQNTKKLASGHELQPLTIVDQRP
SEQ ID NO:74(人Cx45的氨基酸377侧翼的20至120个残基)
LGFGTIRDSLNSKRRELEDPGAYNYPFTWNTPSAPPGYNIAVKPDQIQYTELSNAKIAYKQNKANT
AQEQQYGSHEENLPADLEALQREIRMAQERLDLAVQAYSHQNNPHGPREKKAKV
SEQ ID NO:75(鸡Cx45的氨基酸375侧翼的20至120个残基)
GFGTIRDTLNNKRKELEDSGTYNYPFTWNTPSAPPGYNIAVKPDQMQYTELSNAKMAYKQNKANI
AQEQQYGSNEENIPADLENLQREIKVAQERLDMAIQAYNNQNNPGSSSREKKSKA.
SEQ ID NO:76(人Cx37的氨基酸313侧翼的20至120个残基)
PYLVDCFVSRPTEKTIFIIFMLVVGLISLVLNLLELVHLLCRCLSRGMRARQGQDAPPTQGTSSDPY
TDQVFFYLPVGQGPSSPPCPTYNGLSSSEQNWANLTTEERLASSRPPLFLDPP
SEQ ID NO:77(大鼠Cx43的氨基酸258侧翼的20至120个残基)
CGSKEHGNRKMRGRLLLTYMASIFFKSVFEVAFLLIQWYLYGFTLSAVYICEQSPCPHRVDCFLSR
PTEKTIFILFMLVVSMVSFVLNVIELFYVLFKAIKNHLGNEKEEVYCNPVELQK.
SEQ ID NO:78(增强型绿色荧光蛋白)
MVSKGEELFTGVVPILVELDGDVNGHKFSVSGEGEGDATYGKLTLKFICT
TGKLPVPWPTLVTTLTYGVQCFSRYPDHMKQHDFFKSAMPEGYVQERTIF
FKDDGNYKTRAEVKFEGDTLVNRIELKGIDFKEDGNILGHKLEYNYNSHN
VYIMADKQKNGIKVNFKIRHNIEDGSVQLADHYQQNTPIGDGPVLLPDNH
YLSTQSALSKDPNEKRDHMVLLEFVTAAGITLGMDELYK
SEQ ID NO:79(ACT 2)
CCCTCCTCCCGGGCCTCCTCCCGGGCCTCCTCCCGGCCCCGGCCCGAC GACCTGGAGATC
SEQ ID NO:80(ACT 1)
CGGCCCCGGCCCGACGACCTGGAGATC
SEQ ID NO:81(ACT 3)
CGGCCCCGGCCCGACGACCTGGAGGTG
SEQ ID NO:82(ACT 4)
CGGCCCCGGCCCGACGACGTGCCCGTG
SEQ ID NO:83(ACT 5)
AAGGCCCGGTCCGACGACCTGTCCGTG
SEQ ID NO:84(Antp)
CGGCAGCCCAAGATCTGGTTCCCCAACCGGCGGAAGCCCTGGAAG AAG
SEQ ID NO:85(Antp/ACT 2)
CGGCAGCCCAAGATCTGGTTCCCCAACCGGCGGAAGCCCTGGAAG
AAGCCCTCCTCCCGGGCCTCCTCCCGGGCCTCCTCCCGGCCCCGGCCC
GACGACCTGGAGATC
SEQ ID NO:86(Antp/ACT 1)
CGGCAGCCCAAGATCTGGTTCCCCAACCGGCGGAAGCCCTGGAAGAAGCGGCCCCGGCCC
GACGACCTGGAGATC
SEQ ID NO:87(Antp/ACT 3)
CGGCAGCCCAAGATCTGGTTCCCCAACCGGCGGAAGCCCTGGAAGAAGCGGCCCCGGCCC
GACGACCTGGAGGTG
SEQ ID NO:88(Antp/ACT 4)
CGGCAGCCCAAGATCTGGTTCCCCAACCGGCGGAAGCCCTGGAAGAAGCGGCCCCGGCCC
GACGACGTGCCCGTG
SEQ ID NO:89(Antp/ACT 5)
CGGCAGCCCAAGATCTGGTTCCCCAACCGGCGGAAGCCCTGGAAGAAGAAGGCCCGGTCC
GACGACCTGTCCGTG
SEQ ID NO:90(斑马鱼alpha Cx43)
PCSRASSRMSSRARPDDLDV
SEQ ID NO:91(鸡alpha Cx36)
PRVSVPNFGRTQSSDSAYV
序 列 表
<110>南卡罗来纳州医科大学
R.古尔蒂以及其他人等
<120>促进伤口愈合和组织再生的组合物和方法
<130>19113/0123P1
<140>PCT US2005/046442
<141>2005-12-21
<150>60/638,366
<151>2004-12-21
<150>60/671,796
<151>2005-04-15
<160>90
<170>FastSEQ for Windows Version 4.0
<210>1
<211>20
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>1
Pro Ser Ser Arg Ala Ser Ser Arg Ala Ser Ser Arg Pro Arg Pro Asp
1 5 10 15
Asp Leu Glu Ile
20
<210>2
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>2
Arg Pro Arg Pro Asp Asp Leu Glu Ile
1 5
<210>3
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>3
Arg Pro Arg Pro Asp Asp Leu Glu Val
1 5
<210>4
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>4
Arg Pro Arg Pro Asp Asp Val Pro Val
1 5
<210>5
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>5
Lys Ala Arg Ser Asp Asp Leu Ser Val
1 5
<210>6
<211>27
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>6
agacctcggc ctgatgacct ggagatt 27
<210>7
<211>16
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>7
Arg Gln Pro Lys Ile Trp Phe Pro Asn Arg Arg Lys Pro Trp Lys Lys
1 5 10 15
<210>8
<211>36
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>8
Arg Gln Pro Lys Ile Trp Phe Pro Asn Arg Arg Lys Pro Trp Lys Lys
1 5 10 15
Pro Ser Ser Arg Ala Ser Ser Arg Ala Ser Ser Arg Pro Arg Pro Asp
20 25 30
Asp Leu Glu Ile
35
<210>9
<211>25
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>9
Arg Gln Pro Lys Ile Trp Phe Pro Asn Arg Arg Lys Pro Trp Lys Lys
1 5 10 15
Arg Pro Arg Pro Asp Asp Leu Glu Ile
20 25
<210>10
<211>25
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>10
Arg Gln Pro Lys Ile Trp Phe Pro Asn Arg Arg Lys Pro Trp Lys Lys
1 5 10 15
Arg Pro Arg Pro Asp Asp Leu Glu Val
20 25
<210>11
<211>25
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>11
Arg Gln Pro Lys Ile Trp Phe Pro Asn Arg Arg Lys Pro Trp Lys Lys
1 5 10 15
Arg Pro Arg Pro Asp Asp Val Pro Val
20 25
<210>12
<211>25
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>12
Arg Gln Pro Lys Ile Trp Phe Pro Asn Arg Arg Lys Pro Trp Lys Lys
1 5 10 15
Lys Ala Arg Ser Asp Asp Leu Ser Val
20 25
<210>13
<211>74
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>13
cggcagccca agatctggtt ccccaaccgg cggaagccct ggaagaagcg gcccggcccg 60
acgacctgga gatc 74
<210>14
<211>11
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>14
Gly Arg Lys Lys Arg Arg Gln Arg Pro Pro Gln
1 5 10
<210>15
<211>16
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>15
Arg Gln Ile Lys Ile Trp Phe Gln Asn Arg Arg Met Lys Trp Lys Lys
1 5 10 15
<210>16
<211>16
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>16
Arg Gln Ile Ala Ile Trp Phe Gln Asn Arg Arg Met Lys Trp Ala Ala
1 5 10 15
<210>17
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>17
Arg Lys Lys Arg Arg Gln Arg Arg Arg
1 5
<210>18
<211>21
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>18
Thr Arg Ser Ser Arg Ala Gly Leu Gln Phe Pro Val Gly Arg Val His
1 5 10 15
Arg Leu Leu Arg Lys
20
<210>19
<211>26
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>19
Gly Trp Thr Leu Asn Ser Ala Gly Tyr Leu Leu Gly Lys Ile Asn Lys
1 5 10 15
Ala Leu Ala Ala Leu Ala Lys Lys Ile Leu
20 25
<210>20
<211>18
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>20
Lys Leu Ala Leu Lys Leu Ala Leu Lys Ala Leu Lys Ala Ala Leu Lys
1 5 10 15
Leu Ala
<210>21
<211>16
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>21
Ala Ala Val Ala Leu Leu Pro Ala Val Leu Leu Ala Leu Leu Ala Pro
1 5 10 15
<210>22
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>22
Val Pro Met Leu Lys Pro Met Leu Lys Glu
1 5 10
<210>23
<211>28
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>23
Met Ala Asn Leu Gly Tyr Trp Leu Leu Ala Leu Phe Val Thr Met Trp
1 5 10 15
Thr Asp Val Gly Leu Cys Lys Lys Arg Pro Lys Pro
20 25
<210>24
<211>18
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>24
Leu Leu Ile Ile Leu Arg Arg Arg Ile Arg Lys Gln Ala His Ala His
1 5 10 15
Ser Lys
<210>25
<211>21
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>25
Lys Glu Thr Trp Trp Glu Thr Trp Trp Thr Glu Trp Ser Gln Pro Lys
1 5 10 15
Lys Lys Arg Lys Val
20
<210>26
<211>18
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>26
Arg Gly Gly Arg Leu Ser Tyr Ser Arg Arg Arg Phe Ser Thr Ser Thr
1 5 10 15
Gly Arg
<210>27
<211>15
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>27
Ser Asp Leu Trp Glu Met Met Met Val Ser Leu Ala Cys Gln Tyr
1 5 10 15
<210>28
<211>12
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>28
Thr Ser Pro Leu Asn Ile His Asn Gly Gln Lys Leu
1 5 10
<210>29
<211>19
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>29
Pro Ser Arg Ala Ser Ser Arg Ala Ser Ser Arg Pro Arg Pro Asp Asp
1 5 10 15
Leu Glu Ile
<210>30
<211>20
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>30
Gly Ser Asn Lys Ser Thr Ala Ser Ser Lys Ser Pro Asp Pro Lys Asn
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Trp Ile
20
<210>31
<211>20
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>31
Gly Ser Asn Lys Ser Ser Ala Ser Ser Lys Ser Gly Asp Gly Lys Asn
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Trp Ile
20
<210>32
<211>21
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>32
Gly Arg Ala Ser Lys Ala Ser Arg Ala Ser Ser Gly Arg Ala Arg Pro
1 5 10 15
Glu Asp Leu Ala Ile
20
<210>33
<211>13
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>33
Gly Ser Ala Ser Ser Arg Asp Gly Lys Thr Val Trp Ile
1 5 10
<210>34
<211>19
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>34
Pro Arg Val Ser Val Pro Asn Phe Gly Arg Thr Gln Ser Ser Asp Ser
1 5 10 15
Ala Tyr Val
<210>35
<211>19
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>35
Pro Arg Met Ser Met Pro Asn Phe Gly Arg Thr Gln Ser Ser Asp Ser
1 5 10 15
Ala Tyr Val
<210>36
<211>21
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>36
Pro Arg Ala Gly Ser Glu Lys Gly Ser Ala Ser Ser Arg Asp Gly Lys
1 5 10 15
Thr Thr Val Trp Ile
20
<210>37
<211>23
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>37
Gly Tyr His Ser Asp Lys Arg Arg Leu Ser Lys Ala Ser Ser Lys Ala
1 5 10 15
Arg Ser Asp Asp Leu Ser Val
20
<210>38
<211>19
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>38
Pro Leu Ser Arg Leu Ser Lys Ala Ser Ser Arg Ala Arg Ser Asp Asp
1 5 10 15
Leu Thr Val
<210>39
<211>22
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>39
Pro Asn His Val Val Ser Leu Thr Asn Asn Leu Ile Gly Arg Arg Val
1 5 10 15
Pro Thr Asp Leu Gln Ile
20
<210>40
<211>29
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>40
Pro Ser Cys Val Ser Ser Ser Ala Val Leu Thr Thr Ile Cys Ser Ser
1 5 10 15
Asp Gln Val Val Pro Val Gly Leu Ser Ser Phe Tyr Met
20 25
<210>41
<211>21
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>41
Gly Arg Ser Ser Lys Ala Ser Lys Ser Ser Gly Gly Arg Ala Arg Ala
1 5 10 15
Ala Asp Leu Ala Ile
20
<210>42
<211>17
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>42
Leu Cys Tyr Leu Leu Ile Arg Tyr Cys Ser Gly Lys Ser Lys Lys Pro
1 5 10 15
Val
<210>43
<211>18
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>43
Gly Gln Lys Pro Pro Ser Arg Pro Ser Ser Ser Ala Ser Lys Lys Gln
1 5 10 15
Tyr Val
<210>44
<211>19
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>44
Ser Ser Arg Ala Ser Ser Arg Ala Ser Ser Arg Pro Arg Pro Asp Asp
1 5 10 15
Leu Glu Val
<210>45
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>45
Arg Pro Lys Pro Asp Asp Leu Glu Ile
1 5
<210>46
<211>19
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>46
Ser Ser Arg Ala Ser Ser Arg Ala Ser Ser Arg Pro Lys Pro Asp Asp
1 5 10 15
Leu Glu Ile
<210>47
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>47
Arg Pro Lys Pro Asp Asp Leu Asp Ile
1 5
<210>48
<211>19
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>48
Ser Ser Arg Ala Ser Ser Arg Ala Ser Ser Arg Pro Arg Pro Asp Asp
1 5 10 15
Leu Asp Ile
<210>49
<211>19
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>49
Ser Ser Arg Ala Ser Thr Arg Ala Ser Ser Arg Pro Arg Pro Asp Asp
1 5 10 15
Leu Glu Ile
<210>50
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>50
Arg Pro Arg Pro Glu Asp Leu Glu Ile
1 5
<210>51
<211>19
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>51
Ser Ser Arg Ala Ser Ser Arg Ala Ser Ser Arg Pro Arg Pro Glu Asp
1 5 10 15
Leu Glu Ile
<210>52
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>52
Gly Asp Gly Lys Asn Ser Val Trp Val
1 5
<210>53
<211>23
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>53
Ser Lys Ala Gly Ser Asn Lys Ser Thr Ala Ser Ser Lys Ser Gly Asp
1 5 10 15
Gly Lys Asn Ser Val Trp Val
20
<210>54
<211>18
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>54
Gly Gln Lys Pro Pro Ser Arg Pro Ser Ser Ser Ala Ser Lys Lys Leu
1 5 10 15
Tyr Val
<210>55
<211>24
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>55
Arg Gln Pro Lys Ile Trp Phe Pro Asn Arg Arg Lys Pro Trp Lys Ile
1 5 10 15
Glu Leu Asp Asp Pro Arg Pro Arg
20
<210>56
<211>20
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>56
Gly Arg Lys Lys Arg Arg Gln Arg Pro Pro Gln Arg Pro Arg Pro Asp
1 5 10 15
Asp Leu Glu Ile
20
<210>57
<211>25
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>57
Arg Gln Ile Lys Ile Trp Phe Gln Asn Arg Arg Met Lys Trp Lys Lys
1 5 10 15
Arg Pro Arg Pro Asp Asp Leu Glu Ile
20 25
<210>58
<211>25
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>58
Arg Gln Ile Ala Ile Trp Phe Gln Asn Arg Arg Met Lys Trp Ala Ala
1 5 10 15
Arg Pro Arg Pro Asp Asp Leu Glu Ile
20 25
<210>59
<211>18
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>59
Arg Lys Lys Arg Arg Gln Arg Arg Arg Arg Pro Arg Pro Asp Asp Leu
1 5 10 15
Glu Ile
<210>60
<211>30
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>60
Thr Arg Ser Ser Arg Ala Gly Leu Gln Phe Pro Val Gly Arg Val His
1 5 10 15
Arg Leu Leu Arg Lys Arg Pro Arg Pro Asp Asp Leu Glu Ile
20 25 30
<210>61
<211>35
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>61
Gly Trp Thr Leu Asn Ser Ala Gly Tyr Leu Leu Gly Lys Ile Asn Lys
1 5 10 15
Ala Leu Ala Ala Leu Ala Lys Lys Ile Leu Arg Pro Arg Pro Asp Asp
20 25 30
Leu Glu Ile
35
<210>62
<211>27
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>62
Lys Leu Ala Leu Lys Leu Ala Leu Lys Ala Leu Lys Ala Ala Leu Lys
1 5 10 15
Leu Ala Arg Pro Arg Pro Asp Asp Leu Glu Ile
20 25
<210>63
<211>25
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>63
Ala Ala Val Ala Leu Leu Pro Ala Val Leu Leu Ala Leu Leu Ala Pro
1 5 10 15
Arg Pro Arg Pro Asp Asp Leu Glu Ile
20 25
<210>64
<211>19
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>64
Val Pro Met Leu Lys Pro Met Leu Lys Glu Arg Pro Arg Pro Asp Asp
1 5 10 15
Leu Glu Ile
<210>65
<211>37
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>65
Met Ala Asn Leu Gly Tyr Trp Leu Leu Ala Leu Phe Val Thr Met Trp
1 5 10 15
Thr Asp Val Gly Leu Cys Lys Lys Arg Pro Lys Pro Arg Pro Arg Pro
20 25 30
Asp Asp Leu Glu Ile
35
<210>66
<211>27
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>66
Leu Leu Ile Ile Leu Arg Arg Arg Ile Arg Lys Gln Ala His Ala His
1 5 10 15
Ser Lys Arg Pro Arg Pro Asp Asp Leu Glu Ile
20 25
<210>67
<211>30
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>67
Lys Glu Thr Trp Trp Glu Thr Trp Trp Thr Glu Trp Ser Gln Pro Lys
1 5 10 15
Lys Lys Arg Lys Val Arg Pro Arg Pro Asp Asp Leu Glu Ile
20 25 30
<210>68
<211>27
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>68
Arg Gly Gly Arg Leu Ser Tyr Ser Arg Arg Arg Phe Ser Thr Ser Thr
1 5 10 15
Gly Arg Arg Pro Arg Pro Asp Asp Leu Glu Ile
20 25
<210>69
<211>24
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>69
Ser Asp Leu Trp Glu Met Met Met Val Ser Leu Ala Cys Gln Tyr Arg
1 5 10 15
Pro Arg Pro Asp Asp Leu Glu Ile
20
<210>70
<211>21
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>70
Thr Ser Pro Leu Asn Ile His Asn Gly Gln Lys Leu Arg Pro Arg Pro
1 5 10 15
Asp Asp Leu Glu Ile
20
<210>71
<211>120
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>71
Lys Gly Lys Ser Asp Pro Tyr His Ala Thr Ser Gly Ala Leu Ser Pro
1 5 10 15
Ala Lys Asp Cys Gly Ser Gln Lys Tyr Ala Tyr Phe Asn Gly Cys Ser
20 25 30
Ser Pro Thr Ala Pro Leu Ser Pro Met Ser Pro Pro Gly Tyr Lys Leu
35 40 45
Val Thr Gly Asp Arg Asn Asn Ser Ser Cys Arg Asn Tyr Asn Lys Gln
50 55 60
Ala Ser Glu Gln Asn Trp Ala Asn Tyr Ser Ala Glu Gln Asn Arg Met
65 70 75 80
Gly Gln Ala Gly Ser Thr Ile Ser Asn Ser His Ala Gln Pro Phe Asp
85 90 95
Phe Pro Asp Asp Asn Gln Asn Ser Lys Lys Leu Ala Ala Gly His Glu
100 105 110
Leu Gln Pro Leu Ala Ile Val Asp
115 120
<210>72
<211>120
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>72
Lys Thr Asp Pro Tyr Ser His Ser Gly Thr Met Ser Pro Ser Lys Asp
1 5 10 15
Cys Gly Ser Pro Lys Tyr Ala Tyr Tyr Asn Gly Cys Ser Ser Pro Thr
20 25 30
Ala Pro Leu Ser Pro Met Ser Pro Pro Gly Tyr Lys Leu Val Thr Gly
35 40 45
Asp Arg Asn Asn Ser Ser Cys Arg Asn Tyr Asn Lys Gln Ala Ser Glu
50 55 60
Gln Asn Trp Ala Asn Tyr Ser Ala Glu Gln Asn Arg Met Gly Gln Ala
65 70 75 80
Gly Ser Thr Ile Ser Asn Ser His Ala Gln Pro Phe Asp Phe Ala Asp
85 90 95
Glu His Gln Asn Thr Lys Lys Leu Ala Ser Gly His Glu Leu Gln Pro
100 105 110
Leu Thr Ile Val Asp Gln Arg Pro
115 120
<210>73
<211>120
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>73
Leu Gly Phe Gly Thr Ile Arg Asp Ser Leu Asn Ser Lys Arg Arg Glu
1 5 10 15
Leu Glu Asp Pro Gly Ala Tyr Asn Tyr Pro Phe Thr Trp Asn Thr Pro
20 25 30
Ser Ala Pro Pro Gly Tyr Asn Ile Ala Val Lys Pro Asp Gln Ile Gln
35 40 45
Tyr Thr Glu Leu Ser Asn Ala Lys Ile Ala Tyr Lys Gln Asn Lys Ala
50 55 60
Asn Thr Ala Gln Glu Gln Gln Tyr Gly Ser His Glu Glu Asn Leu Pro
65 70 75 80
Ala Asp Leu Glu Ala Leu Gln Arg Glu Ile Arg Met Ala Gln Glu Arg
85 90 95
Leu Asp Leu Ala Val Gln Ala Tyr Ser His Gln Asn Asn Pro His Gly
100 105 110
Pro Arg Glu Lys Lys Ala Lys Val
115 120
<210>74
<211>120
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>74
Gly Phe Gly Thr Ile Arg Asp Thr Leu Asn Asn Lys Arg Lys Glu Leu
1 5 10 15
Glu Asp Ser Gly Thr Tyr Asn Tyr Pro Phe Thr Trp Asn Thr Pro Ser
20 25 30
Ala Pro Pro Gly Tyr Asn Ile Ala Val Lys Pro Asp Gln Met Gln Tyr
35 40 45
Thr Glu Leu Ser Asn Ala Lys Met Ala Tyr Lys Gln Asn Lys Ala Asn
50 55 60
Ile Ala Gln Glu Gln Gln Tyr Gly Ser Asn Glu Glu Asn Ile Pro Ala
65 70 75 80
Asp Leu Glu Asn Leu Gln Arg Glu Ile Lys Val Ala Gln Glu Arg Leu
85 90 95
Asp Met Ala Ile Gln Ala Tyr Asn Asn Gln Asn Asn Pro Gly Ser Ser
100 105 110
Ser Arg Glu Lys Lys Ser Lys Ala
115 120
<210>75
<211>120
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>75
Pro Tyr Leu Val Asp Cys Phe Val Ser Arg Pro Thr Glu Lys Thr Ile
1 5 10 15
Phe Ile Ile Phe Met Leu Val Val Gly Leu Ile Ser Leu Val Leu Asn
20 25 30
Leu Leu Glu Leu Val His Leu Leu Cys Arg Cys Leu Ser Arg Gly Met
35 40 45
Arg Ala Arg Gln Gly Gln Asp Ala Pro Pro Thr Gln Gly Thr Ser Ser
50 55 60
Asp Pro Tyr Thr Asp Gln Val Phe Phe Tyr Leu Pro Val Gly Gln Gly
65 70 75 80
Pro Ser Ser Pro Pro Cys Pro Thr Tyr Asn Gly Leu Ser Ser Ser Glu
85 90 95
Gln Asn Trp Ala Asn Leu Thr Thr Glu Glu Arg Leu Ala Ser Ser Arg
100 105 110
Pro Pro Leu Phe Leu Asp Pro Pro
115 120
<210>76
<211>120
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>76
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1 5 10 15
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20 25 30
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35 40 45
Tyr Ile Cys Glu Gln Ser Pro Cys Pro His Arg Val Asp Cys Phe Leu
50 55 60
Ser Arg Pro Thr Glu Lys Thr Ile Phe Ile Leu Phe Met Leu Val Val
65 70 75 80
Ser Met Val Ser Phe Val Leu Asn Val Ile Glu Leu Phe Tyr Val Leu
85 90 95
Phe Lys Ala Ile Lys Asn His Leu Gly Asn Glu Lys Glu Glu Val Tyr
100 105 110
Cys Asn Pro Val Glu Leu Gln Lys
115 120
<210>77
<211>239
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>77
Met Val Ser Lys Gly Glu Glu Leu Phe Thr Gly Val Val Pro Ile Leu
1 5 10 15
Val Glu Leu Asp Gly Asp Val Asn Gly His Lys Phe Ser Val Ser Gly
20 25 30
Glu Gly Glu Gly Asp Ala Thr Tyr Gly Lys Leu Thr Leu Lys Phe Ile
35 40 45
Cys Thr Thr Gly Lys Leu Pro Val Pro Trp Pro Thr Leu Val Thr Thr
50 55 60
Leu Thr Tyr Gly Val Gln Cys Phe Ser Arg Tyr Pro Asp His Met Lys
65 70 75 80
Gln His Asp Phe Phe Lys Ser Ala Met Pro Glu Gly Tyr Val Gln Glu
85 90 95
Arg Thr Ile Phe Phe Lys Asp Asp Gly Asn Tyr Lys Thr Arg Ala Glu
100 105 110
Val Lys Phe Glu Gly Asp Thr Leu Val Asn Arg Ile Glu Leu Lys Gly
115 120 125
Ile Asp Phe Lys Glu Asp Gly Asn Ile Leu Gly His Lys Leu Glu Tyr
130 135 140
Asn Tyr Asn Ser His Asn Val Tyr Ile Met Ala Asp Lys Gln Lys Asn
145 150 155 160
Gly Ile Lys Val Asn Phe Lys Ile Arg His Asn Ile Glu Asp Gly Ser
165 170 175
Val Gln Leu Ala Asp His Tyr Gln Gln Asn Thr Pro Ile Gly Asp Gly
180 185 190
Pro Val Leu Leu Pro Asp Asn His Tyr Leu Ser Thr Gln Ser Ala Leu
195 200 205
Ser Lys Asp Pro Asn Glu Lys Arg Asp His Met Val Leu Leu Glu Phe
210 215 220
Val Thr Ala Ala Gly Ile Thr Leu Gly Met Asp Glu Leu Tyr Lys
225 230 235
<210>78
<211>60
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>78
ccctcctccc gggcctcctc ccgggcctcc tcccggcccc ggcccgacga cctggagatc 60
<210>79
<211>27
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>79
cggccccggc ccgacgacct ggagatc 27
<210>80
<211>27
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>80
cggccccggc ccgacgacct ggaggtg 27
<210>81
<211>27
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>81
cggccccggc ccgacgacgt gcccgtg 27
<210>82
<211>27
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>82
aaggcccggt ccgacgacct gtccgtg 27
<210>83
<211>48
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>83
cggcagccca agatctggtt ccccaaccgg cggaagccct ggaagaag 48
<210>84
<211>108
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>84
cggcagccca agatctggtt ccccaaccgg cggaagccct ggaagaagcc ctcctcccgg 60
gcctcctccc gggcctcctc ccggccccgg cccgacgacc tggagatc 108
<210>85
<211>75
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>85
cggcagccca agatctggtt ccccaaccgg cggaagccct ggaagaagcg gccccggccc 60
gacgacctgg agatc 75
<210>86
<211>75
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>86
cggcagccca agatctggtt ccccaaccgg cggaagccct ggaagaagcg gccccggccc 60
gacgacctgg aggtg 75
<210>87
<211>75
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
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cggcagccca agatctggtt ccccaaccgg cggaagccct ggaagaagcg gccccggccc 60
gacgacgtgc ccgtg 75
<210>88
<211>75
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>88
cggcagccca agatctggtt ccccaaccgg cggaagccct ggaagaagaa ggcccggtcc 60
gacgacctgt ccgtg 75
<210>89
<211>20
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
<400>89
Pro Cys Ser Arg Ala Ser Ser Arg Met Ser Ser Arg Ala Arg Pro Asp
1 5 10 15
Asp Leu Asp Val
20
<210>90
<211>19
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>对人工序列的描述;注=
合成构建体
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Pro Arg Val Ser Val Pro Asn Phe Gly Arg Thr Gln Ser Ser Asp Ser
1 5 10 15
Ala Tyr Val
Claims (42)
1.一种分离多肽,包含α连接蛋白的羧基端氨基酸序列或其保守变体,其中所述多肽不含全长的α连接蛋白。
2.权利要求1的多肽,其中所述多肽包含所述α连接蛋白的羧基端的4至30个连续氨基酸。
3.权利要求1的多肽,其中所述多肽包含:
(a)羧基端的II型PDZ结合基序;
(b)与PDZ结合基序毗邻的铰链基序,包含脯氨酸,甘氨酸,或脯氨酸和甘氨酸残基;以及
(c)与所述铰链残基毗邻的带正电荷残基(K、R、D、E)。
4.权利要求1的多肽,其中所述α连接蛋白选自连接蛋白39、连接蛋白40.1、连接蛋白47、连接蛋白46.6、连接蛋白30.2、连接蛋白31.9、连接蛋白44、连接蛋白33、连接蛋白36、连接蛋白35、连接蛋白37、连接蛋白39、连接蛋白39.9、连接蛋白40、鸡连接蛋白42、连接蛋白45.6、连接蛋白43、连接蛋白43.4、连接蛋白44.2、连接蛋白44.1、人连接蛋白45.6、连接蛋白46、连接蛋白56、连接蛋白49、连接蛋白50。
5.权利要求1的多肽,其中组织损伤后,所述多肽减轻炎症、促进愈合、减少瘢痕形成、增加抗拉强度并促进复杂组织再生。
6.权利要求1的多肽,其中所述多肽抑制连接蛋白复合蛋白与α连接蛋白的羧基端的结合,其中所述连接蛋白复合蛋白为ZO-1或肾胚细胞瘤过表达蛋白(NOV)。
7.权利要求4的多肽,其中所述α连接蛋白为Cx43。
8.权利要求7的多肽,其中所述多肽包含选自SEQ ID NO:1和SEQID NO:2的氨基酸序列。
9.权利要求2的多肽,其中所述多肽包含α连接蛋白羧基端的4至30个氨基酸内的保守氨基酸置换。
10.权利要求9的多肽,其中所述多肽包含与SEQ ID NO:1具有至少65%序列同一性的氨基酸序列。
11.权利要求9的多肽,其中所述多肽包含选自SEQ ID NO:3和SEQID NO:4的氨基酸序列。
12.权利要求4的多肽,其中所述α连接蛋白为Cx40。
13.权利要求12的多肽,其中所述多肽包含氨基酸序列SEQ ID NO:5。
14.权利要求1的多肽,还包含细胞内化序列。
15.权利要求14的多肽,其中所述细胞内化序列包含选自下列蛋白质的氨基酸序列:触角足蛋白、TAT、HIV-Tat、穿膜肽、Antp-3A(Antp突变体)、Buforin II、Transportan、MAP(模式两亲肽)、K-FGF、Ku70、朊病毒、pVEC、Pep-1、SynB1、Pep-7、HN-1、BGSC(双-胍-亚精胺-胆固醇)和BGTC(双-胍-Tren-胆固醇)。
16.权利要求15的多肽,其中所述氨基酸序列来自触角足蛋白,并包含氨基酸序列SEQ ID NO:7。
17.权利要求16的多肽,包含选自SEQ ID NO:8、SEQ ID NO:9、SEQID NO:10、SEQ ID NO:11和SEQ ID NO:12的氨基酸序列。
18.一种编码权利要求1的多肽的分离核酸。
19.权利要求18的分离核酸,其中所编码的多肽包含选自SEQ ID NO:1、SEQ D NO:2、SEQ ID NO:3、SEQ ID NO:4和SEQ ID NO:5的氨基酸序列。
20.权利要求19的分离核酸,包含核酸序列SEQ ED NO:6。
21.一种编码权利要求15的多肽的分离核酸。
22.权利要求21的分离核酸,其中所编码的多肽包含选自SEQ ID NO:8、SEQ ID NO:9、SEQ ID NO:10、SEQ ID NO:11和SEQ ID NO:12的氨基酸序列。
23.权利要求22的分离核酸,包含核酸序列SEQ ID NO:13。
24.权利要求19或22的分离核酸,其中所述核酸与表达调控序列有效连接。
25.一种载体,包含与表达调控序列有效连接的权利要求19或22的核酸。
26.权利要求25的载体,其中所述载体为病毒。
27.一种包含权利要求19或22的核酸的细胞。
28.一种包含权利要求25的载体的细胞。
29.一种包含权利要求19或22的核酸的生物。
30.一种包含权利要求25的载体的生物。
31.一种组合物,包含存在于可药用载体中的权利要求1或14的多肽。
32.一种组合物,包含存在于可药用载体中的权利要求19或22的核酸。
33.一种促进受试者组织损伤后的愈合的方法,包括将权利要求31或32的组合物给予所述受试者。
34.一种减少受试者组织损伤后的瘢痕组织形成的方法,包括将权利要求31或32的组合物给予所述受试者。
35.一种促进受试者组织损伤后的组织再生的方法,包括将权利要求31或32的组合物给予所述受试者。
36.一种增加受试者组织损伤后的抗拉强度的方法,包括将权利要求31或32的组合物给予所述受试者。
37.一种增强受试者组织损伤后的干细胞分化的方法,包括将权利要求31或32的组合物给予所述受试者。
38.一种减轻受试者的炎症的方法,包括将权利要求31或32的组合物给予所述受试者。
39.一种减少受试者纤维化组织形成的方法,包括将权利要求31或32的组合物给予所述受试者。
40.一种抑制受试者体内转化细胞的增殖的方法,包括将权利要求31或32的组合物给予所述受试者。
41.一种抑制受试者体内转化细胞的转移性迁移的方法,包括将权利要求31或32的组合物给予所述受试者。
42.权利要求33-37任一项的方法,其中所述组织损伤是由于下列因素所致:刮伤,切伤,裂伤,挤压伤,加压伤,牵张性损伤,咬伤,擦伤,枪弹伤,爆炸伤,身体穿孔,刺伤,烧伤,风吹性皮肤伤,晒伤,化学烧伤,外科伤口,外科手术,医学介入,细胞、组织或器官移植后的宿主排斥现象,药物作用,药物副作用,褥疮,放射性损伤,化妆品引起的皮肤损伤,内脏损伤,疾病过程(如哮喘、癌症),感染,传染源,发育过程,化脓过程(如痤疮),遗传异常,发育异常,环境毒素,变应原,头皮损伤,面部损伤,颚损伤,脚损伤,脚趾损伤,手指损伤,骨损伤,性器官损伤,关节损伤,排泄器官损伤,眼损伤,角膜损伤,肌肉损伤,脂肪组织损伤,肺损伤,气道损伤,疝气,肛门损伤,痔疮,耳损伤,视网膜损伤,皮肤损伤,腹部损伤,手臂损伤,腿损伤,运动损伤,背部损伤,产伤,早产损伤,毒性咬伤,螫伤,腱损伤,韧带损伤,心脏损伤,心瓣膜损伤,血管系统损伤,软骨损伤,淋巴系统损伤,颅脑创伤,脱臼,食管穿孔,瘘,指甲损伤,异物,骨折,冻伤,手伤,热应激损伤,撕裂,颈损伤,自身致残,休克,创伤性软组织损伤,脊髓损伤,脊柱损伤,扭伤,劳损,腱损伤,韧带损伤,软骨损伤,胸部损伤,牙损伤,创伤,神经系统损伤,衰老,动脉瘤,中风,消化道损伤,梗塞和缺血性损伤。
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PCT/US2005/046442 WO2006069181A2 (en) | 2004-12-21 | 2005-12-20 | Compositions and methods for promoting wound healing and tissue regeneration |
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2005
- 2005-12-20 ZA ZA200706016A patent/ZA200706016B/xx unknown
- 2005-12-20 CN CN2005800481829A patent/CN101151043B/zh active Active
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