CN101140202A - Mechanical type soil sampling apparatus - Google Patents

Mechanical type soil sampling apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101140202A
CN101140202A CNA2007101765481A CN200710176548A CN101140202A CN 101140202 A CN101140202 A CN 101140202A CN A2007101765481 A CNA2007101765481 A CN A2007101765481A CN 200710176548 A CN200710176548 A CN 200710176548A CN 101140202 A CN101140202 A CN 101140202A
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China
Prior art keywords
soil
frame
support
fetches earth
soil sampling
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Granted
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CNA2007101765481A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN101140202B (en
Inventor
李洪文
周雪青
龚元石
白玉华
何进
陈浩
王庆杰
李问盈
张学敏
王晓燕
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China Agricultural University
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China Agricultural University
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Publication of CN101140202A publication Critical patent/CN101140202A/en
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Publication of CN101140202B publication Critical patent/CN101140202B/en
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Abstract

The invention relates to a soil sampling device for measuring the bulk density of soil. The invention adopts a mechanical soil sampling device which is provided with a machine frame, wherein one end of the machine frame is provided with a longitudinal cutting mechanism, the middle part of the machine frame is provided with a soil sampler bracket, the bracket is provided with a soil sampler, and the other end of the machine frame is provided with a transverse feeding mechanism. The soil sampler is composed of a soil sampling pipe, a ring-shaped cutter, a soil sampling pipe shoe and a cutter-pushing ring, wherein the interior of the soil sampling pipe is provided with a plurality of ring-shaped cutters, one end of the ring-shaped cutter in the soil sampling pipe is provided with the cutter-pushing ring, a gap is arranged between the soil sampling pipe and the ring-shaped cutter, one end of the soil sampling pipe is provided with a convex ring matched with the soil sampler bracket, the other end of the soil sampling pipe is provided with the soil sampling pipe shoe, the soil sampling pipe shoe is connected with the screw thread of the outer wall of the soil sampling pipe, and the outer wall of the soil sampling pipe is provided with a scale. The invention has the advantages of the simple structure, the convenient use, the reliable operation, gaining a plurality of layers of soil sample once, the high efficiency, and ensuring the sampling quality.

Description

A kind of mechanical type soil sampling apparatus
Technical field
The present invention relates to geotechnological field tests, especially for the drawing out soil equipment of measured soil unit weight.
Background technology
The soil weight is that soil is not destroying under the situation of natural structure, and the weight in the unit volume is represented with gram/cubic centimetre usually.The height of soil weight size reflection soil texture, gas penetration potential, water permeability and water holding capacity, general topsoil unit weight 1~1.3 gram/cubic centimetre, the dark more then unit weight of soil layer is big more, can reach 1.4~1.6 gram/cubic centimetres, the soil weight bright soil texture of novel, air-and water-permeable performance more is good more.The orchard is ploughed deeply and is improved the soil, and measures such as applying organic manure can significantly reduce the soil weight.
At present in the agricultural production, the most classical soil basketing method is to adopt the annular skill in using a kitchen knife in cookery survey soil weight that fetches earth.The patent No. is 85202405 patent, name is called " extracting soil instrument that is used to test soil body unit weight ", can direct sample, overcome the soil sample error that the drawing out soil equipment of prior art needs artificial hammering sampling to exist, but it is slow not overcome sample rate, and efficient is hanged down this problem.
The annular skill in using a kitchen knife in cookery fetches earth and surveys the soil weight and need dig the section hole earlier, complicated operating process, and it is wayward that the soil body is full of the degree of endless knife just, cause soil body underfill endless knife or soil sample to be compacted easily, make the unit weight of the soil body itself produce error, influence measuring accuracy, thereby the annular skill in using a kitchen knife in cookery fetches earth and exist soil extracting efficiency low, quality of soil sample is difficult for the defective that guarantees.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of easy to use, reliable operation, simple in structure, efficient is high, applicability the is good drawing out soil equipment that can take a sample fast.The present invention has overcome the deficiency of prior art, and the pipe that fetches earth can directly enter the soil layer sampling, once can obtain the soil sample of several layers, and soil extracting efficiency height and quality of soil sample can guarantee.
Technical scheme of the present invention is to adopt a kind of mechanical type soil sampling apparatus, described device is provided with frame, at an end of frame vertical clay cutter structure is housed, and at the middle part of frame the soil sample barrel support is housed, on described support, be placed with soil sample barrel, horizontal soil-shifting mechanism be housed at the other end of frame.
Wherein, described vertical clay cutter structure is to be provided with longitudinal fluting on the frame plane, on described groove, be equipped with and cut native support, be provided with projection in described lower end of cutting native support, described projection and described groove are slidingly matched, be provided with the transverse holes that matches with soil sample barrel on the native support described cutting, the driving mechanism of cutting native support also be housed on native support and the frame described cutting.
Wherein, the described driving mechanism of cutting native support is to be provided with on the native support and the equidirectional threaded hole of frame groove cutting, and described threaded hole matches with a screw rod, described threaded rod also with a support movingly, described support is fixed on the described frame, is equipped with at an end of described screw rod and cuts native handwheel.
Wherein, described soil sample barrel is to be made of the pipe that fetches earth, endless knife, the shoe that fetches earth, push broach ring, several endless knife are housed in the pipe that fetches earth, an end of endless knife is equipped with the push broach ring in the described pipe that fetches earth, described fetching earth is provided with the gap between pipe and the endless knife, is provided with the bulge loop that cooperates with the soil sample barrel support at an end of the described pipe that fetches earth, and at the other end of the described pipe that fetches earth the shoe that fetches earth is housed, the described shoe that fetches earth is connected with the described pipe outer wall thread that fetches earth, and is provided with scale at the outer wall of the described pipe that fetches earth.
Wherein, described several endless knife are tubular structure, and measure-alike, be arranged side by side in the pipe that fetches earth, described endless knife is identical with push broach ring external diameter, and push broach ring internal diameter is less than the internal diameter of endless knife, the described shoe that fetches earth outside tapered, the angle of the described outside taper of shoe of fetching earth is at 5~15 °.
Wherein, described soil-shifting mechanism comprises Worm and worm-wheel gearing that is fixed on the frame and the feed screw nut gear train that is connected as a single entity with Worm and worm-wheel gearing.
Wherein, described Worm and worm-wheel gearing is that worm screw is installed on the frame by bearing, bearing seat, end described worm screw is equipped with the soil-shifting handwheel, described worm screw is meshed with described worm gear, center at described worm gear is provided with threaded hole, and described threaded hole matches with a leading screw, and described screw mandrel is by the screw mandrel stent support of worm gear both sides, end at described leading screw is equipped with the soil sample fore-set that matches with soil sample barrel push broach ring, at the other end of described leading screw the handwheel that resets is housed.
Wherein, be axially arranged with groove in described leading screw upper edge, be provided with pin-and-hole on described leading screw support, insert in described pin-and-hole and carry axle, the described lower end of carrying axle is inserted in the axial notch on the described leading screw.
Wherein, described to cut native handwheel be the front side that is positioned at frame, and described soil-shifting handwheel is the front side that is positioned at frame, and the described handwheel that resets is the right side that is positioned at frame.
Advantage of the present invention is, simple in structure, easy to use, reliable operation, once can obtain the soil sample of several layers, and efficient is high and can guarantee sampling quality.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall setup figure of soil sample barrel of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of soil sample barrel of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the front view of soil-shifting of the present invention, clay cutter structure overall setup;
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of Fig. 3.
Among the figure: 1, the pipe that fetches earth; 2, endless knife; 3, the shoe that fetches earth; 4, cut native support; 5, cut native handwheel; 6, push broach ring; 7, frame; 8, soil sample barrel support; 9, bearing; 10, soil-shifting handwheel; 11, leading screw support; 12, the handwheel that resets; 13, leading screw; 14, carry axle; 15, worm gear; 16, leading screw support; 17, soil sample fore-set; 18, worm screw; 19, bearing seat.
Embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used for limiting practical range of the present invention.
Shown in Fig. 1-4, the present invention is that the drawing out soil equipment that is used for testing soil unit weight comprises: soil sample barrel support 8, be placed on soil sample barrel, frame 7 on the soil sample barrel support, be positioned at an end on the frame 7 soil-shifting mechanism, be positioned at the clay cutter structure of the other end on the frame 7, described soil sample barrel support 8 is installed on middle part on the frame 7.Described soil sample barrel is made up of fetch earth pipe 1, built-in endless knife 2, the shoe 3 that fetches earth, push broach ring 6 etc.Built-in endless knife 2 is arranged side by side in the pipe 1 that fetches earth, and its external diameter is managed 1~2 millimeter of 1 internal diameter less than fetching earth.The shoe 3 that fetches earth joins by the front end of screw thread with the pipe 1 that fetches earth.The shoe 3 that fetches earth is tapered, and shoe 3 blade angles that fetch earth are about 10 °, and its head internal diameter is identical with built-in endless knife 2 internal diameters.On pipe 1 outer wall that fetches earth, be provided with scale, the embedded depth of expression soil sample barrel.
Described clay cutter structure comprises cuts native handwheel 5, screw rod and link to each other with screw rod cut native support 4, described lower end of cutting native support 4 is installed in the longitudinal fluting of described frame 7, be provided with projection in described lower end of cutting native support 4, described projection can slide in the longitudinal fluting of frame 7, be provided with the longitudinal screw hole of matching in the described native support 4 body inside of cutting with screw rod, the screw rod screw-in is cut in the longitudinal screw hole of native support 4 bodies, a bracing frame is passed in the front side of screw rod, described support is fixed on the last plane of frame 7, support frame as described above can limit the axial displacement of described screw rod, be that described screw rod can only rotate in the hole of bracing frame and can not move vertically, be equipped with at the front end of described screw rod and cut native handwheel 5, native handwheel 5 is cut in rotation, cuts native support 4 and will slide in the longitudinal fluting of frame 7.On cutting native support 4, be provided with the native hole of cutting of matching with endless knife 2 in the pipe that fetches earth, describedly cut that native hole is positioned on the threaded hole of cutting native support 4 and perpendicular with described threaded hole, cut the center and the soil sample barrel center-aligned that is placed on the soil sample barrel support 8 in native hole, cut the diameter that native bore dia is slightly larger than endless knife 2.
Described soil-shifting mechanism comprises Worm and worm-wheel gearing and the feed screw nut gear train that connects as one with Worm and worm-wheel gearing, worm screw 18 usefulness bearings 9 and bearing seat 19 vertically are installed on the frame 7, the horizontal worm gear 15 that is meshed with worm screw 18 is housed on described worm screw 18, center at described worm gear 15 is provided with threaded hole, in the threaded hole of described worm gear 15, laterally screw in a rhizoid thick stick 13, described leading screw 13 is provided with leading screw support 11 in the threaded hole both sides of worm gear 15,16, with described leading screw support 11,16 are installed on the frame 7, left end at described leading screw 13 is equipped with soil sample fore-set 17, the center of described soil sample fore-set 17 and the soil sample barrel center-aligned that is placed on the soil sample barrel support 8, the diameter of described soil sample fore-set 17 is suitable with the end face of the interior push broach ring 6 of pipe that fetches earth, right-hand member at described leading screw 13 is equipped with the handwheel 12 that resets, and at the front end of described worm screw 18 soil-shifting handwheel 10 is housed.Form the Worm-gear type reduction gearing mechanism by soil-shifting handwheel 10, worm gear 15 and worm screw 18.By screw mandrel 13, the handwheel 12 that resets of the threaded hole at worm gear 15 centers and screw mandrel right-hand member is formed feed screw nut's formula gear train.
Be provided with a pin-and-hole on leading screw support 16, insert one and carry axle 14 in described pin-and-hole, the described lower end of carrying axle 14 is inserted in the axial groove of screw mandrel 13.Therefore, in the time of in carrying the axial groove that an axle end of 14 is inserted into screw mandrel 13, Worm gear and worm transmission mechanism and feed screw nut's formula gear train are with integrant gear train, after will carrying axle 14 and proposing from the pin-and-hole of screw mandrel support 16, Worm gear and worm transmission mechanism and screw-and-nut gear train are with separate transmission.
The course of work of the present invention is:
Referring to accompanying drawing 1-4, will push broach ring 6 be encased in the pipe 1 that fetches earth earlier as shown in the figure, then endless knife 2 to be packed into one by one, will fetch earth pipe 1 and the shoe 3 that fetches earth are by being threaded again.Endless knife 2 external diameters are less than the pipe 1 internal diameter 1~2mm that fetches earth.Soil sample barrel after the assembling, endless knife 2 and fetch earth and do not have the gap between the shoe 3.During sampling, the operator impacts the pipe 1 that will fetch earth with hammering or reciprocating drill and knocks in the soil layer, and the pipe 1 that fetches earth is owing to the power that only is subjected to vertically downward, and 1 decline of pipe of therefore fetching earth is not rotated.The scale that pipe 1 outer wall is fetched earth in contrast up to obtaining the desired degree of depth, uses leverage to fetch earth then and manages 1 proposition soil layer.Unload the shoe 3 that fetches earth, will fetch earth pipe 1 horizontal fixed to soil sample barrel support 8.
An end of carrying axle 14 is inserted in the axial groove of screw mandrel 13, form the whole gear train that the Worm-gear type reduction gearing mechanism links to each other with feed screw nut's formula gear train, rotate soil-shifting handwheel 10, screw mandrel 13 is motion from right to left in the horizontal direction, push broach ring 6 in pipe 1 is fetched earth in soil sample fore-set 17 promotions of screw mandrel 13 left ends, described push broach ring 6 endless knife 2 of pipe in 1 that will fetch earth ejects, top endless knife breaks away from the pipe 1 that fetches earth in the pipe 1 that fetches earth, and endless knife is pushed into when cutting native support 4 and cutting on the native hole, soil-shifting handwheel 10 stops operating, at this moment rotate and cut native handwheel 5, cut the lengthwise movement thereupon of native support 4, to be positioned at the endless knife of cutting on the native support 4 and separate, thereby finish the detachment process of an endless knife with the endless knife of the pipe 1 that fetches earth.Subsequently, stop operating and cut native handwheel 5, take off the endless knife of filling up soil sample from cutting native support, will cut native support 4 and reset, rotate soil-shifting handwheel 10 once more, carry out successively, the endless knife in the pipe 1 that fetches earth is all released.Then, mention to be inserted in and carry axle 14 in leading screw 13 axial grooves, turning handle 12 can withdraw from screw mandrel 13 in the pipe 1 that fetches earth fast.
The built-in endless knife 2 of soil sample barrel of the present invention can be made with metal materials such as weldless steel tube, aluminium alloy, carbon steel or manganese steel.
More than be preferred forms of the present invention, according to content disclosed by the invention, some identical, replacement schemes that those of ordinary skill in the art can expect apparently all should fall into protection domain of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. mechanical type soil sampling apparatus, it is characterized in that, described device is provided with frame (7), end in frame (7) is equipped with vertical clay cutter structure, at the middle part of frame (7) soil sample barrel support (8) is housed, on described support, be placed with soil sample barrel, horizontal soil-shifting mechanism be housed at the other end of frame (7).
2. mechanical type soil sampling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described vertical clay cutter structure is to be provided with longitudinal fluting on frame (7) plane, on described groove, be equipped with and cut native support (4), be provided with projection in described lower end of cutting native support (4), described projection and described groove are slidingly matched, and are provided with the transverse holes that matches with soil sample barrel described cutting on the native support (4), described cutting on native support (4) and the frame (7) driving mechanism of cutting native support (4) are housed also.
3. mechanical type soil sampling apparatus as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the described driving mechanism of cutting native support (4) is to be provided with on the native support (4) and the equidirectional threaded hole of frame groove cutting, described threaded hole matches with a screw rod, described threaded rod also with a support movingly, described support is fixed on the described frame (7), is equipped with at an end of described screw rod and cuts native handwheel (5).
4. mechanical type soil sampling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described soil sample barrel is by the pipe (1) that fetches earth, endless knife (2), shoe (3) fetches earth, push broach ring (6) constitutes, in the pipe (1) that fetches earth, several endless knife (2) are housed, an end of endless knife is equipped with push broach ring (6) in the described pipe (1) that fetches earth, described fetching earth is provided with the gap between pipe (1) and the endless knife (2), be provided with the bulge loop that cooperates with soil sample barrel support (8) at a described end that fetches earth pipe (1), at the described other end that fetches earth pipe (1) shoe that fetches earth (3) is housed, the described shoe that fetches earth (3) is connected with described pipe (1) outer wall thread that fetches earth, and is provided with scale at the outer wall of the described pipe that fetches earth.
5. mechanical type soil sampling apparatus as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described several endless knife (2) are tubular structure, and it is measure-alike, be arranged side by side in the pipe (1) that fetches earth, described endless knife (2) is identical with push broach ring (6) external diameter, and push broach ring (6) internal diameter is less than the internal diameter of endless knife (2), the described shoe that fetches earth (3) outside tapered, the angle of the outside taper of the described shoe that fetches earth (3) is at 5~15 °.
6. mechanical type soil sampling apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described soil-shifting mechanism comprises Worm and worm-wheel gearing that is fixed on the frame (7) and the feed screw nut gear train that is connected as a single entity with Worm and worm-wheel gearing.
7. mechanical type soil sampling apparatus as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described Worm and worm-wheel gearing is by bearing (9) with worm screw (18), bearing seat (19) is installed on the frame (7), end described worm screw is equipped with soil-shifting handwheel (10), described worm screw (18) is meshed with described worm gear (15), center at described worm gear (15) is provided with threaded hole, described threaded hole matches with a leading screw (13), described screw mandrel (13) is by the screw mandrel support (11 of worm gear both sides, 16) support, end at described leading screw (13) is equipped with the soil sample fore-set (17) that matches with soil sample barrel push broach ring (6), at the other end of described leading screw (13) handwheel that resets (12) is housed.
8. mechanical type soil sampling apparatus as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, be axially arranged with groove in described leading screw (13) upper edge, on described leading screw support (16), be provided with pin-and-hole, insert in described pin-and-hole and carry axle (14), the described lower end of carrying axle (14) is inserted in the axial notch on the described leading screw (13).
9. as claim 3 or 7 described mechanical type soil sampling apparatus, it is characterized in that, the described native handwheel (5) of cutting is the front side that is positioned at frame (7), and described soil-shifting handwheel (10) is the front side that is positioned at frame (7), and the described handwheel that resets (12) is the right side that is positioned at frame (7).
CN2007101765481A 2007-10-30 2007-10-30 Mechanical type soil sampling apparatus Expired - Fee Related CN101140202B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102095602A (en) * 2010-12-30 2011-06-15 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 Soil profile sampler
CN102169124A (en) * 2010-12-30 2011-08-31 东南大学 Transferring and dustproof sealing device for planet soil
CN102839643A (en) * 2012-09-19 2012-12-26 桂林理工大学 Method for sampling soil body sample
CN102879298A (en) * 2012-10-11 2013-01-16 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 Method for measuring rice field profile soil bulk densities rapidly, simply and conveniently
CN103134912A (en) * 2013-02-27 2013-06-05 中交第一航务工程勘察设计院有限公司 Electric hydraulic counterforce apparatus soil shifter
CN103293021A (en) * 2012-03-05 2013-09-11 华中农业大学 Soil cutting device for accurately obtaining non-rhizosphere soils at different distances from rhizosphere
CN104865101A (en) * 2015-04-27 2015-08-26 山东科技大学 Sediment sample division device
CN106323720A (en) * 2016-11-17 2017-01-11 吉林大学 Soft soil microstructure sample preparation device
CN106441990A (en) * 2016-12-21 2017-02-22 吉林大学 Soil mercury injection test sampler
CN108051273A (en) * 2018-01-29 2018-05-18 吉林大学 General bulldozing device is adjusted
CN108385755A (en) * 2018-04-28 2018-08-10 贵州师范大学 It is a kind of to be used for the electric device and its application method that heatable adobe sleeping platform side is fetched earth
CN108930261A (en) * 2018-08-13 2018-12-04 泰顺桥石园林科技有限公司 A kind of quick drawing out soil equipment of civil engineering
CN109470516A (en) * 2019-01-08 2019-03-15 山东交通学院 Intelligent cutting ring sample instrument
CN110514506A (en) * 2019-08-13 2019-11-29 北京建筑大学 Soil pattern preparation facilities

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CN85202405U (en) * 1985-06-19 1986-05-07 张德明 Geotome for measuring the unit weight of soil body
CN86205547U (en) * 1986-08-05 1987-05-27 交通部第三航务工程勘察设计院 Triplex pipe soil sampler with flap door
CN2205844Y (en) * 1994-06-24 1995-08-23 上海金欧勘探设备有限公司 Bulldozer of sampler for sampling soil
CN2475017Y (en) * 2001-04-05 2002-01-30 陈庆龙 Novel rock survey sand taking-out device
AU2005211583A1 (en) * 2004-09-24 2006-04-13 David John Mills Soil sampling apparatus

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CN102095602B (en) * 2010-12-30 2015-12-16 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 A kind of soil profile sampler
CN102169124A (en) * 2010-12-30 2011-08-31 东南大学 Transferring and dustproof sealing device for planet soil
CN102169124B (en) * 2010-12-30 2012-11-28 东南大学 Transferring and dustproof sealing device for planet soil
CN102095602A (en) * 2010-12-30 2011-06-15 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 Soil profile sampler
CN103293021A (en) * 2012-03-05 2013-09-11 华中农业大学 Soil cutting device for accurately obtaining non-rhizosphere soils at different distances from rhizosphere
CN103293021B (en) * 2012-03-05 2015-03-04 华中农业大学 Soil cutting device for accurately obtaining non-rhizosphere soils at different distances from rhizosphere
CN102839643A (en) * 2012-09-19 2012-12-26 桂林理工大学 Method for sampling soil body sample
CN102839643B (en) * 2012-09-19 2014-09-24 桂林理工大学 Method for sampling soil body sample
CN102879298A (en) * 2012-10-11 2013-01-16 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 Method for measuring rice field profile soil bulk densities rapidly, simply and conveniently
CN103134912A (en) * 2013-02-27 2013-06-05 中交第一航务工程勘察设计院有限公司 Electric hydraulic counterforce apparatus soil shifter
CN104865101B (en) * 2015-04-27 2017-10-31 山东科技大学 A kind of bed mud point sampling device
CN104865101A (en) * 2015-04-27 2015-08-26 山东科技大学 Sediment sample division device
CN106323720A (en) * 2016-11-17 2017-01-11 吉林大学 Soft soil microstructure sample preparation device
CN106441990B (en) * 2016-12-21 2024-01-30 吉林大学 Soil body mercury-pressing test sample sampler
CN106441990A (en) * 2016-12-21 2017-02-22 吉林大学 Soil mercury injection test sampler
CN108051273A (en) * 2018-01-29 2018-05-18 吉林大学 General bulldozing device is adjusted
CN108051273B (en) * 2018-01-29 2024-02-06 吉林大学 Adjustable general bulldozer
CN108385755A (en) * 2018-04-28 2018-08-10 贵州师范大学 It is a kind of to be used for the electric device and its application method that heatable adobe sleeping platform side is fetched earth
CN108930261A (en) * 2018-08-13 2018-12-04 泰顺桥石园林科技有限公司 A kind of quick drawing out soil equipment of civil engineering
CN109470516B (en) * 2019-01-08 2023-11-17 山东交通学院 Intelligent ring cutter soil sampling instrument
CN109470516A (en) * 2019-01-08 2019-03-15 山东交通学院 Intelligent cutting ring sample instrument
CN110514506A (en) * 2019-08-13 2019-11-29 北京建筑大学 Soil pattern preparation facilities
CN110514506B (en) * 2019-08-13 2024-04-05 北京建筑大学 Soil sample preparation device

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