CN101139686A - Austenitic stainless steel - Google Patents
Austenitic stainless steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN101139686A CN101139686A CNA2007101562947A CN200710156294A CN101139686A CN 101139686 A CN101139686 A CN 101139686A CN A2007101562947 A CNA2007101562947 A CN A2007101562947A CN 200710156294 A CN200710156294 A CN 200710156294A CN 101139686 A CN101139686 A CN 101139686A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an austenite stainless steel comprising elements based on the weight percentage that: Cr of 12 per cent to 14 per cent, Mn of 16 per cent to 18 per cent, C of 0.03 per cent to 0.15 per cent, and N of 0.15 per cent to 0.35 per cent, the remainder are Fe and unavoidable foreign matters, which are Si, P, S and Ni, the allowable percentages by weight of which are that: Si is of no more than 1.0 per cent, P: no more than 0.035 per cent, S is of no more than 0.03 per cent, and Ni is of no more than 0.35 per cent. The austenite stainless steel has excellent cold and hot machining plasticity, good tensile property, no magnetism after tensioning, and good resistance to corrosion and relatively low price.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of austenitic stainless steel.
Background technology
GB 0Cr
18Ni
9(304) steel as a kind of broad-spectrum steel, has good solidity to corrosion, thermotolerance, low temperature intensity and mechanical property.Be widely used in household supplies, auto parts machinery, medical apparatus, building materials, chemistry, foodstuffs industry, agricultural, ship components etc. can be made into the exemplar of different shape specification, as steel wire, round steel, square steel, forging, flange etc.But, current, GB 0Cr
18Ni
9(304) still there is following some deficiency in steel:
1) 0Cr
18Ni
9Nickel content is higher in the steel, is 8%～10%, and the nickel resources scarcity of China, and in recent years, the nickel price increase is very fast, causes the stainless steel of this trade mark to cost an arm and a leg.
2) 0Cr
18Ni
9Steel resistance to deformation under complicated shape or stretched state is big, and the work hardening rate height from the material to the formed product, middle needs to intert annealing several times, causes production efficiency low and energy consumption is big.
3) 0Cr
18Ni
9Steel has micromagnetism behind the drawn when making thin-walled parts, can not be used in the occasion of no magnetic requirement.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provide a kind of have good cold and hot working plasticity, tensile property good, stretch that the back is nonmagnetic, erosion resistance is good, and the cheap relatively again austenitic stainless steel of price.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: this austenitic stainless steel, it contains the element of following weight percent: Cr 12%～14%, Mn 16%～18%, C 0.03%～0.15%, N 0.15%～0.35%, described stainless remainder is made up of Fe and unavoidable impurities, and promptly all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
As preferably, austenitic stainless steel of the present invention, it contains the element of following weight percent: Cr 12%～13.5%, Mn 16%～17.5%, C 0.03%～0.10%, and N 0.15%～0.25%, and described stainless remainder is made up of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Austenitic stainless steel of the present invention, its described unavoidable impurities is Si, P, S, Ni, its weight percent content that allows to use is controlled to be: Si≤1.0%, P≤0.035%, S≤0.03%, Ni≤0.35%.
Austenitic stainless steel of the present invention is a kind of typical chromium, manganese, nitrogen austenitic stainless steel.Its various main component ratios are selected the reasons are as follows:
1)Cr：12％～14％。The n/8 law that reaches Cr/Fe according to chrome content in the steel is determined.When Cr＜12%, then the stainless steel erosion resistance reduces greatly; When Cr＞14%, then the γ district dwindles, and α-Fe district enlarges, and crystal grain can sharply be grown up during hot-work, and steel is become fragile, and does not reach later stage cold stretching effect.In order to obtain more satisfied mechanical property, the upper limit of Cr is set at 13.5%.
2)Mn：16％～18％。The effect of Mn element is the part replacement nickel, saves noble metal.Mn can enlarge γ district and stable austenite, and the heat resistance of chromium manganese austenitic stainless steel is than Chromiumnickel Austenite Stainless Steel height.High mangaenese steel can improve molten steel flow simultaneously, is convenient to the absorption of N, thereby improves the mechanical property of steel greatly.If Mn＜16%, then the γ district dwindles, and is unfavorable for austenitic formation and stable, and the magnetic of steel can increase, and plasticity also can reduce; Otherwise Mn＞18% more helps the formation of σ phase, and steel is prone to embrittlement, and mechanical property reduces.During preferred condition, the Mn upper content limit is 17.5%.
3)C：0.03％～0.15％。Its effect is to improve the intensity of steel and promote austenitic formation.If C＞0.15%, the quantity of carbide will increase, and chromium content reduces in the matrix, and the erosion resistance of steel will reduce; If C＜0.03%, the intensity of steel will descend, and smelting cost also can increase.So the content of C is set at 0.03～0.15% scope.For obtaining more obvious effect, the upper limit of C content preferably gets 0.10%.
4)N：0.15～0.35％。The effect of N also is part replacement nickel (being equivalent to 30 times nickel equivalent), saves precious metal nickel equally.N also is the element that enlarges γ district and stable austenite, is again solution strengthening element and carbide reinforced element, so can improve the intensity and the toughness of steel, improves hot workability, and making the part ferritic transformation is austenite, thereby improves welding property.N＜0.15% o'clock, the γ district dwindles, and is unfavorable for austenitic formation and stable, and then the intensity of steel and toughness obviously descend; N＞0.35% o'clock, though austenite is more stable, intensity is too high, increases drawing coefficient, is unfavorable on the contrary stretching.Preferred N upper content limit value is 0.25%.
With existing 0Cr
18Ni
9(304) steel is compared, and austenitic stainless steel of the present invention is a purpose with economy and suitability, contains the manganese and the nitrogen element of higher composition, and partly replacement nickel descends the alloy materials cost; The original 0Cr of basic maintenance
18Ni
9(304) solidity to corrosion of steel, and have better mechanical property and tensile property; The stretching back is nonmagnetic, can satisfy the occasion of no magnetic requirement; Cold and hot working is functional, is applicable to each industrial circle, is particularly suitable for making shaped element such as tubular, cup, basin, dish, button.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment of the invention Stainless Steel Alloy sample preparation methods is: batching adopts 08F steel scrap, extra low carbon ferrochromium (C:0.1%, Cr:60%), electrolytic metal Mn (Mn:99.9%), nitrogenize electrolytic metal Mn (Mn:90%, N:6%).Except that the nitrogenize electrolytic manganese, all add intermediate frequency furnace and smelt.
When molten steel all melts, when temperature reaches 1570 ℃, take off most oxidation sludge, add lime, fluorite slag making, when slag all becomes molten state, during good fluidity, with 12 batches of silicon calcium powder (Si:55%, Ca:32%) diffusive deoxidations, get the stokehold sample and carry out spectroscopic analysis.According to analytical results, adjust alloying constituent, add the nitrogenize electrolytic metal Mn, 8 batches of recycle silicon calcium powder diffusive deoxidations, concise 10 minutes.Add silico-calcium piece bulk deoxidation, add pure aluminium powder (Al:99.9%) final deoxygenation at last, fully stir, get the finished product sample, adjust temperature to 1595 and ℃ come out of the stove.After molten steel is poured ladle into, add the heat preserving agent heat-insulation and heat-preservation, 3 minutes casting of argon bottom-blowing.
The steel ingot hot rolling technology: enter furnace temperature≤600 ℃, Heating temperature≤1200 ℃, 4 hours 30 minutes heat-up time, start rolling temperature≤1180 ℃, finishing temperature 〉=800 ℃ roll into 2.5mm * 425mm winding.
With hot rolled strip anneal, pickling, surperficial sand milling, cold rolling one-tenth 1.1mm * 425mm winding, again with the winding anneal, the winding of cold rolling one-tenth all thickness remakes last clean annealing, is processed into the finished product of different size as required at last.
Concrete component content and the mechanical property of each embodiment of austenitic stainless steel of the present invention are listed in table 1.
Table 1, Stainless Steel Alloy composition of the present invention and performance are relatively
| Embodiment | Composition | Performance | ||||||||||
| C | Cr | Mn | Ni | N | P | S | Si | Fe | Unit elongation % | Tensile strength Mpa | Hardness Hv | |
| 1 | 0.086 | 13.39 | 16.42 | 0.263 | 0.337 | 0.023 | 0.01 | 0.64 | Surplus | 43 | 895 | 243 |
| 2 | 0.074 | 13.14 | 18.00 | 0.242 | 0.276 | 0.029 | 0.0093 | 0.71 | Surplus | 45 | 855 | 205 |
| 3 | 0.072 | 13.12 | 18.00 | 0.203 | 0.276 | 0.030 | 0.014 | 0.66 | Surplus | 51.5 | 870 | 220 |
| 4 | 0.068 | 13.43 | 17.38 | 0.232 | 0.221 | 0.023 | 0.011 | 0.67 | Surplus | 44 | 801 | 245 |
| 5 | 0.057 | 13.40 | 17.49 | 0.178 | 0.209 | 0.022 | 0.013 | 0.72 | Surplus | 42 | 896 | 268 |
| 6 | 0.068 | 13.52 | 17.45 | 0.183 | 0.189 | 0.019 | 0.010 | 0.74 | Surplus | 50 | 786 | 220 |
| 7 | 0.091 | 13.30 | 17.51 | 0.184 | 0.217 | 0.021 | 0.0099 | 1.0 | Surplus | 51 | 789 | 210 |
| 8 | 0.058 | 13.18 | 17.49 | 0.165 | 0.258 | 0.019 | 0.012 | 0.64 | Surplus | 51 | 793 | 232 |
| 9 | 0.064 | 13.50 | 17.46 | 0.243 | 0.22 | 0.021 | 0.0088 | 0.65 | Surplus | 49 | 802 | 221 |
| 10 | 0.086 | 13.27 | 17.31 | 0.249 | 0.172 | 0.023 | 0.019 | 0.88 | Surplus | 48 | 825 | 230 |
As can be seen from Table 1: different Stainless Steel Alloy compositions cause the material inside organization difference, thereby cause the variation of unit elongation, tensile strength and hardness.As a comparison, we have listed file names with 0Cr
18Ni
9(304) the mechanical property numerical value of trade mark steel: unit elongation 40%; Tensile strength 520Mpa; Hardness 187Hv.
Stainless Steel Alloy of the present invention is with respect to GB 0Cr
18Ni
9(304) trade mark steel, not only intensity height, and plasticity is also fine.During stretching, Stainless Steel Alloy one-off drawing aspect ratio of the present invention (degree of depth and diameter ratio) reaches more than 2.5, surpasses 0.4 of 0Cr18Ni9 steel, the benefit of bringing thus is both to have reduced the process annealing passage of product drawing process, shorten the production cycle, boost productivity, again save energy.
Also to stainless steel of the present invention and GB 0Cr
18Ni
9(304) the stainless magnetic diffusivity of the trade mark contrasts, and finds 0Cr
18Ni
9Steel micromagnetism is arranged behind the drawn, and stainless steel of the present invention does not have magnetic when making thin-walled parts, can satisfy the occasion of no magnetic requirement.
In addition, adopt experimental installation: YWX/Q-750 type salt air corrosion experimental box has been done salt-fog test to stainless steel of the present invention and GB 0Cr18Ni9 (304) trade mark stainless steel, corrosion resistance nature to them compares: with 5%NaCl solution week period interval 1 hour to sample spraying 47 hours, 37 ℃ of experimental temperatures.Test-results is found: Cr18Ni9 does not get rusty; Austenitic stainless steel of the present invention has a small amount of rust staining, erosion resistance is poor slightly, but slightly better than the trade mark 430 (0Cr17) steel, and the feedback of the steel band from practical application shows, the phenomenon of getting rusty is not arranged, illustrate that the erosion resistance in the actual use of austenitic stainless steel of the present invention is better.
To sum up, the distinguishing feature of austenitic stainless steel contrast GB 0Cr18Ni9 of the present invention (304) is: manganese partly replaces nickel, low price; Tensile property is good, and the contrast GB 0Cr18Ni9 steel number of times of annealing in drawing process is few, does not even need anneal; The stretching back is nonmagnetic, can satisfy the occasion of no magnetic requirement.
The foregoing description is used for explaining the present invention, rather than limits the invention, and in spirit of the present invention and claim protection domain, any modification and change to the present invention makes all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. austenitic stainless steel, it is characterized in that containing the element of following weight percent: Cr 12%～14%, Mn 16%～18%, and C 0.03%～0.15%, N 0.15%～0.35%, and described stainless remainder is made up of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
2. austenitic stainless steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that containing the element of following weight percent: Cr 12%～13.5%, Mn 16%～17.5%, C 0.03%～0.10%, N 0.15%～0.25%, and described stainless remainder is made up of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
3. austenitic stainless steel according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described unavoidable impurities is Si, P, and S, Ni, its weight percent content that allows to use is: Si≤1.0%, P≤0.035%, S≤0.03%, Ni≤0.3
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007101562947A CN101139686A (en) | 2007-10-12 | 2007-10-12 | Austenitic stainless steel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007101562947A CN101139686A (en) | 2007-10-12 | 2007-10-12 | Austenitic stainless steel |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101139686A true CN101139686A (en) | 2008-03-12 |
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ID=39191791
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007101562947A Pending CN101139686A (en) | 2007-10-12 | 2007-10-12 | Austenitic stainless steel |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104002105A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2014-08-27 | 无锡市神力齿轮冷挤有限公司 | Non-magnetic planet shaft and machining process thereof |
| CN107190212A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-09-22 | 中山铁王流体控制设备有限公司 | A kind of nonmagnetic austenitic stainless cast steel part |
| CN110257690A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-09-20 | 宁波宝新不锈钢有限公司 | A kind of resource-conserving austenitic heat-resistance steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN112609134A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-06 | 宁波耀义新材料有限公司 | Novel austenite free-cutting stainless steel material |
-
2007
- 2007-10-12 CN CNA2007101562947A patent/CN101139686A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104002105A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2014-08-27 | 无锡市神力齿轮冷挤有限公司 | Non-magnetic planet shaft and machining process thereof |
| CN104002105B (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2016-05-04 | 无锡市神力齿轮冷挤有限公司 | Without magnetic planet axis processing technology |
| CN107190212A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-09-22 | 中山铁王流体控制设备有限公司 | A kind of nonmagnetic austenitic stainless cast steel part |
| CN110257690A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-09-20 | 宁波宝新不锈钢有限公司 | A kind of resource-conserving austenitic heat-resistance steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN110257690B (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2021-01-08 | 宁波宝新不锈钢有限公司 | Resource-saving austenitic heat-resistant steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN112609134A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-06 | 宁波耀义新材料有限公司 | Novel austenite free-cutting stainless steel material |
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