CN101135348A - Device for estimating clutch slippage - Google Patents
Device for estimating clutch slippage Download PDFInfo
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- CN101135348A CN101135348A CNA2007101478824A CN200710147882A CN101135348A CN 101135348 A CN101135348 A CN 101135348A CN A2007101478824 A CNA2007101478824 A CN A2007101478824A CN 200710147882 A CN200710147882 A CN 200710147882A CN 101135348 A CN101135348 A CN 101135348A
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- clutch
- friction clutch
- slippage
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Abstract
The object of the present invention is to provide a device for estimating the slip mete of clutch which can judge the time of replacing the friction clutch through estimating the slip mete of the clutch by various sensors arranged on the vehicle, and thereby can reduce the vehicle manufacture cost. The device for estimating the slip mete of the friction clutch (12) of vehicle comprises an estimating unit (4) which can calculate the rotating difference between the input side and the output side of the friction clutch (12) based on the detection value of an input side sensor (2) and the detection value of an output side sensor (3) and then can estimate the slip mete. The input side sensor is arranged on the input side power transmission chain from the engine (9) to the friction clutch (12) and is used for obtaining the parameters relative to the rotary speed of the input side power transmission chain. The output side sensor (3) is arranged on the output side power transmission chain from the friction clutch (12) to the wheel (15) and is used for obtaining the parameters relative to the rotary speed of the output side power transmission chain.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device that is used to estimate the slippage of friction clutch (in particular for the friction clutch of motorcycle and automobile).
Background technique
In general, be provided with clutch in the vehicle such as motorcycle and automobile, this clutch is used for switching on and off the power transmission of the power transmission chain from the motor to the wheel.According to the structure and the shape system of clutch, clutch is divided into friction clutch, fluid clutch and magnetic clutch.In these clutches, the friction means on the clutch disk in the friction clutch can wear and tear in the middle of using process, and can cause the slippage between clutch disk and the sheet.This impairs well switching on and off of power transmission, thus when not reaching predetermined torque transfer power (, when wear extent has exceeded predetermined value), the clutch that need more renew (for example, seeing Japanese Patent Application Publication 221345/1994).
But, there is such problem in prior art: owing to change the opportunity of friction clutch is to rely on him that the sensitivity of friction clutch slippage is judged by the vehicle driver, therefore can't obtain the objective judged result whether torque transfer power is lower than threshold value.Though it is contemplated that by the noncontacting proximity sensor that direct monitoring friction clutch is provided and detect torque transfer power, the manufacture cost that this need provide extra sensor and therefore increase motorcycle or automobile.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of device that is used for estimating clutch slippage, this device can utilize the slippage that the common various existing sensors that are equipped with are come estimating clutch on the vehicle, judge the opportunity of changing friction clutch thus objectively, thereby suppressed the increase of vehicle manufacture cost.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, according to first aspect of the present invention, a kind of device of slippage of the friction clutch that is used for estimating vehicle is provided, comprise: evaluation unit, this evaluation unit calculates the input side of described friction clutch and the difference in rotation between the outlet side by checkout value in the input side sensor and the checkout value in the delivery end sensor, estimate described slippage thus, wherein said input side sensor is arranged on the input side power transmission chain from motor to described friction clutch and is used to obtain and the relevant parameter of the dynamofluidal rotating speed of described input side, and described delivery end sensor is arranged on the outlet side power transmission chain from described friction clutch to wheel and is used to obtain and the relevant parameter of the dynamofluidal rotating speed of described outlet side.
In aspect second of the present invention, the device of slippage that is used for the friction clutch of estimating vehicle preferably also comprises identifying unit, and this identifying unit is used for judging according to the slippage of the described friction clutch that is estimated by described evaluation unit whether the torque transfer power of friction clutch is lower than threshold value.
In aspect the 3rd of the present invention, the device of slippage that is used for the friction clutch of estimating vehicle preferably also comprises the warning unit, this warning unit be used for judge by described identifying unit the torque transfer power of friction clutch be lower than described threshold value in the driver of warning vehicle.
In aspect the 4th of the present invention, the device of slippage that is used for the friction clutch of estimating vehicle preferably also comprises storage unit, and this storage unit is used for storing described result of determination when the torque transfer power of being judged described friction clutch by described identifying unit is lower than described threshold value.
According to first aspect of the present invention, comprise such evaluation unit owing to be used for the device of slippage of the friction clutch of estimating vehicle, this evaluation unit calculates the input side of described friction clutch and the difference in rotation between the outlet side by checkout value in the input side sensor and the checkout value in the delivery end sensor, estimate described slippage thus, wherein said input side sensor is arranged on the input side power transmission chain from motor to described friction clutch and is used to obtain and the relevant parameter of the dynamofluidal rotating speed of described input side, described delivery end sensor is arranged on the outlet side power transmission chain from described friction clutch to wheel and is used to obtain and the relevant parameter of the dynamofluidal rotating speed of described outlet side, therefore can be by the slippage of using the various existing sensor that is equipped with usually on the vehicle come estimating clutch as input side sensor and delivery end sensor.
Can judge the opportunity of changing friction clutch objectively by the slippage of using the various existing sensor estimating clutch that is equipped with usually on the vehicle thus, so just suppress the increase of vehicle manufacture cost.
According to second aspect of the present invention, also comprise such identifying unit owing to be used for the device of slippage of the friction clutch of estimating vehicle, this identifying unit is used for judging according to the slippage of the described friction clutch that is estimated by described evaluation unit whether the torque transfer power of friction clutch is lower than threshold value, even therefore the driver of vehicle can not judge rightly whether should change clutch, when also can know needs to change clutch.
According to the 3rd aspect of the present invention, because this device also comprises such warning unit, this warning unit is used for the driver of warning vehicle when the torque transfer power by described identifying unit judgement friction clutch is lower than described threshold value, so the driver of vehicle can know when need to change clutch more accurate and more in time.
According to the 4th aspect of the present invention, because this device also comprises such storage unit, this storage unit is used for storage result of determination when the torque transfer power by identifying unit judgement friction clutch is lower than threshold value, therefore can know when need to change clutch during the maintenance of vehicle.
Description of drawings
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, from follow-up explanation and appended claim, will obviously find out other advantage of the present invention and feature, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the general structure block diagram of the device that is used for estimating clutch slippage of preferred implementation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of having used the vehicle of device of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the reference figure (not having under the situation of clutch switch) of identifying unit institute reference;
Fig. 4 is the reference figure (having under the situation of clutch switch) of identifying unit institute reference;
Fig. 5 is the reference figure (under the situation during deceleration and the fuel-cut pattern) of identifying unit institute reference;
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of the control procedure of the expression device that is used for estimating clutch slippage of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the plotted curve of relation between estimating engine output shaft torque, engine speed and the throttle opening of expression device reference of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the reference figure (under the situation during deceleration and the fuel-cut pattern) of the identifying unit reference of another mode of execution; With
Fig. 9 is the schematic representation of the vehicle of another mode of execution, and this vehicle has been used the device with identifying unit shown in the accompanying drawing 8 of the present invention.
Embodiment
Hereinafter introduce preferred implementation of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Graphical illustration be a kind of device that is used for estimating clutch slippage, this device is used in the manually-operable multi-disc plate clutch of motorcycle, and as shown in Figure 1, comprise generally the evaluation unit 4 that is included in the control unit of engine (ECU) 1 and identifying unit 5, input side sensor 2, delivery end sensor 3, by way of caution the unit stand by lamp 6 and be included in storage unit 8 among the ECU 1.
Input side sensor 2 is arranged on from motor 9 (accompanying drawing 2) to the input side Transmitted chains of friction clutch 12, and comprise various existing sensors, for example, be used to obtain engine speed (Ne) detecting sensor of the parameter (information) relevant with the dynamofluidal rotating speed of input side.That is to say, input side sensor 2 be suitable for detecting with the chain 11 that comprises motor 9, bent axle 10 and driving side friction means (as shown in Figure 2, friction clutch 12 with respect to vehicle, be arranged on motor one side (promptly, input side)) the expectation parameter that rotating speed is relevant, and be suitable for detected value is outputed to ECU1.
Delivery end sensor 3 is arranged on from friction clutch 12 to wheel on 15 the outlet side power transmission chain, and comprises various existing sensors, for example is used for detecting the sensor of the various different parameters such as countershaft speed (Nc), wheel velocity (Nt).That is to say, delivery end sensor 3 is suitable for detecting and being driven side (as shown in Figure 2, friction clutch 12 with respect to vehicle, this is driven side and is arranged on that side of wheel (promptly, outlet side)) driving gear 13, the main shaft 13a that forms driving gear 13 and the relevant expectation parameter of rotating speed of countershaft 13b, chain 14 and wheel 15 etc., and be suitable for detected value is outputed to ECU1.
Various existing sensors on motor and the car body are detected also to be imported into ECU 1 such as the such parameter of negative pressure, air inflow or the gear position of throttle opening (θ), intake manifold by being installed in.
Evaluation unit 4 can calculate by the checkout value of input side sensor 2 that is input to ECU1 and delivery end sensor 3 between the input and output side of friction clutch 12 difference in rotation (promptly, the driving side of friction clutch 12 and be driven speed discrepancy between the friction means of side), estimate the slippage of friction clutch 12 then thus.Can by engine speed (Ne), countershaft speed (Nc), spindle speed (clutch output speed) (No), wheel velocity (Nt), velocity ratio (Rm), a velocity ratio (gear ratio) (Rp) and secondary speed-reducing than (chain transmission than) detected parameters (R2), calculate the difference in rotation (that is slippage) of clutch 12 according to following formula.In these parameters, velocity ratio (Rm), a velocity ratio (gear ratio) are known parameters (R2) with secondary velocity ratio (chain transmission ratio) (Rp), and other parameter is to be input to ECU's 1 in real time.
Owing to can obtain:
Input speed=the Ne/Rp of clutch and
Output speed=the No=Nc of clutch * Rm=Nt * R2 * Rm therefore can be by the speed discrepancy (slippage) of following any one formula acquisition friction clutch 12;
The speed discrepancy of friction clutch (slippage)=(input speed of clutch)-(output speed of clutch)
＝Ne/Rp-No
＝Ne/Rp-Nc×Rm
＝Ne/Rp-Nt×R2×Rm...........................(1)
The slippage of the friction clutch 12 that is obtained by formula (1) is applied to vehicle and is in situation under the aero mode.The slippage of the friction clutch 12 under the deceleration mode of vehicle can be obtained by following formula;
The speed discrepancy of friction clutch (slippage)=(output speed of clutch)-(input speed of clutch)
＝No-Ne/Rp
＝Nc×Rm-Ne/Rp
＝Nt×R2×Rm-Ne/Rp...........................(2)
Identifying unit 5 is used for judging according to the slippage of the friction clutch 12 that is estimated by evaluation unit 4 whether the torque transfer power of clutch 12 has been lower than threshold value (the torque transfer power when 12 spreadable lifes of clutch expire).For example, under the situation of clutch without any clutch switch, when slippage is included in Fig. 3 continuously (in Fig. 3, axis of abscissas is represented clutch shaft moment of torsion (Tc), axis of ordinates is represented the slippage by evaluation unit 4 estimation) chart in clutch slip zone (shadow region) when interior, the torque transfer power of judging friction clutch 12 is lower than threshold value, and when slippage is included in half coupling regime, judge that the torque transfer power of friction clutch 12 is not lower than threshold value (half couple state).
On the other hand, have at clutch under the situation of clutch switch, when slippage is included in the clutch slip zone (shadow region) of the chart that is similar to Fig. 3 among Fig. 4 continuously, judge that the torque transfer power of friction clutch 12 is lower than threshold value.In addition, under deceleration mode, when slippage is included in Fig. 5 continuously (in Fig. 5, axis of abscissas is represented engine speed (Ne), axis of ordinates is represented the slippage by evaluation unit 4 estimation) chart in clutch slip zone (shadow region) in the time, judge that the torque transfer power of friction clutch 12 is lower than threshold value.In addition, the line that indicates " detection lower limit " and " upper limit of detection " is the line of setting by test in advance.
Stand by lamp 6 comprises the LED lamp that is arranged on the instrument panel panel for example, and can judge at identifying unit 5 and warn the driver by lighting or glimmering when the torque transfer power of friction clutches 12 be lower than threshold value.Except lamp, also can use other warning unit, such as the display device of buzzer or demonstration character or figure.Such warning unit can make the driver know earlier and definitely needs to change clutch.
Storage unit 8 is stored result of determination with the form of code when can be lower than threshold value in the torque transfer power of identifying unit 5 judgement friction clutches 12.Fault diagnosis machine 7 is suitable for being connected with ECU 1 during vehicle maintenance, confirming the type of fault, and reads out and is stored in the failure code in the storage unit 8 and shows it.This makes the maintenance man in the garage can recognize needs replacing friction clutch 12 like a cork.
6 flow chart is below with reference to accompanying drawings introduced the control procedure of the device that is used for estimating clutch slippage of preferred implementation of the present invention.
At first, judge whether be slow down and fuel-cut pattern (that is, closure is closed and vehicle slows down under the fuel-cut state fully) (S1).When not being deceleration and fuel-cut pattern (that is, turning round under the positive torque mode of motor 9), estimating clutch axle moment of torsion (S2).Can realize the estimation of clutch shaft moment of torsion according to the dimension of 3 shown in Fig. 7 chart (3 dimension mapping graph).
Eigenvalue that can be by measuring engine speed (rpm), throttle opening (deg) and estimating engine axle moment of torsion in advance and they are marked and drawed the 3 dimension mapping graphs that obtain Fig. 7 on X, Y and Z coordinate respectively.Throttle opening on the Y coordinate can replace with negative pressure in the intake manifold or air inflow.
Because estimating engine axle moment of torsion (Te) can estimate like this, therefore can calculate clutch shaft moment of torsion (Tc) by following formula:
Clutch shaft moment of torsion (Tc)=Te * Rp * ε
Wherein " ε " is 12 efficiency of transmission from motor 9 to friction clutch, and " Rp " is a velocity ratio.An efficiency of transmission " ε " and a velocity ratio " Rp " are known parameters.
Judge whether then be the positive moment of torsion of detection of engine appropraite condition (that is whether being the preferable condition of estimating clutch slippage) (S3).If testing conditions is suitable, then carry out next procedure (S4), on the contrary,, then turn back to step (S1) if testing conditions is improper.Testing conditions must satisfy the condition of the accurate estimation that realizes clutch 12 slippages, and following condition is arranged for this reason.
Must satisfy following all conditions: engine speed: 2000-5000rpm for this reason; Car speed: less than 50km/h; Throttle opening: greater than 5 degree and less than standard-sized sheet; Engine coolant temperature: be higher than 50 ℃; Elapsed time behind the engine start: above 200 seconds; Intake temperature: be higher than 0 ℃ (being equipped with the type of clutch switch); Clutch switch: be under the Clutch Coupling condition; The input speed of clutch: surpass 3000rpm; Negative pressure in the intake manifold: in predetermined scope; And air inflow: in predetermined scope.
Use formula (1) to estimate the slippage (S4) of friction clutch 12 by evaluation unit 4, use identifying unit 5 to judge according to the clutch slippage of estimation whether the torque transfer power of clutch 12 is lower than threshold value (S5) then.When the torque transfer power of judging friction clutch 12 is lower than threshold value, proceed to step (S6), make warning and Write fault code (torque transfer power reduces) in storage unit 8 by stand by lamp 6.
On the other hand, when vehicle be in slow down and the fuel-cut pattern under when (that is, motor is under the negative torque pattern), whether proceed step (S7) and judge is the appropraite condition that detects the deceleration mode of vehicle.When condition is suitable, proceed to step (S8), and if condition improper, then turn back to step (S1).Be similar to the situation of the condition of the positive moment of torsion of detection of engine, these detect and must satisfy the condition of the accurate estimation that realizes clutch 12 slippages, and following condition is arranged for this reason.
Must satisfy following all conditions: engine speed: 2000-5000rpm for this reason; Car speed: surpass 30km/h; Throttle opening: close fully; Engine coolant temperature: be higher than 50 ℃; Elapsed time behind the engine start: above 200 seconds; Intake temperature: be higher than 0 ℃ (being equipped with the type of clutch switch); Clutch switch: be under the Clutch Coupling condition; And atmospheric pressure: surpass 460mmHg.
In step (S8), use formula (2) to estimate the slippage of friction clutch 12 by evaluation unit 4, use identifying unit 5 to judge according to the clutch slippage of estimation whether the torque transfer power of clutch 12 is lower than threshold value (S9) then.When the torque transfer power of judging friction clutch 12 is lower than threshold value, proceed to step (S6), make warning and Write fault code (expire the working life of friction clutch 12) in storage unit 8 by stand by lamp 6.
According to the device that is used for estimating clutch slippage of the present invention, owing to can estimate the slippage of friction clutch 12 by the sensor 2 and 3 (they are the existing sensors that are equipped with usually on the vehicle) of input side and outlet side, therefore can judge the opportunity of changing friction clutch objectively, and monitor the torque transfer power of friction clutch 12, thereby can suppress the increase of vehicle manufacture cost without any need for extra sensor.In other words, according to the present invention, can only realize the slippage estimation of friction clutch 12 by the program that rewrites the ECU 1 that is equipped with on the existing vehicle.
In addition, because device of the present invention is equipped with identifying unit 5, this identifying unit is suitable for judging according to the slippage of the friction clutch 12 that is estimated by evaluation unit 4 whether the torque transfer power of friction clutch 12 is lower than threshold value, therefore makes the user that can't judge whether to change clutch according to the slippage of clutch can be easily and know definitely when needs are changed clutch.
Though what introduced is according to representing engine speed (Ne) with axis of abscissas and representing that with axis of ordinates the chart of Fig. 5 of clutch slippage judges whether the torque transfer power of friction clutch 12 is lower than threshold value, but also can be by obtaining clutch shaft moment of torsion (Tc) afterwards having obtained engine shaft moment of torsion (Te), cause clutch shaft moment of torsion (Tc) estimation slippage from engine speed (Ne).
More specifically, it is contemplated that following control procedure.In other words, judge in the step in flow chart (S1) to be in and slow down and fuel-cut pattern following time, judge whether to satisfy following all conditions: engine speed: 2000-5000rpm at Fig. 6; Car speed: surpass 30km/h; Throttle opening: close fully; Engine coolant temperature: be higher than 50 ℃; Elapsed time behind the engine start: above 200 seconds; Intake temperature: be higher than 0 ℃ (being equipped with the type of clutch switch); Clutch switch: be under the Clutch Coupling condition; And atmospheric pressure: surpass 460mmHg.
When judging that all conditions listed earlier all are met, can be according to representing engine speed (Ne) with axis of abscissas and representing the chart of Fig. 8 of engine shaft moment of torsion (Te) to obtain engine shaft moment of torsion (Tc) by detected engine speed (Ne) with axis of ordinates.But, though for convenience's sake engine shaft moment of torsion (Te) is expressed as on the occasion of, during aero mode, in fact the engine shaft moment of torsion is negative value with the moment of torsion that produces mutually on the contrary.
Be similar to the step (S2) in the flow chart, clutch shaft moment of torsion (Tc) can be calculated by following formula: clutch shaft moment of torsion (Tc)=Te * Rp * ε.Then according to representing clutch shaft moment of torsion (Tc) with axis of abscissas and representing to judge whether the chart of Fig. 4 of friction clutch 12 slippages to be in the clutch slip zone with axis of ordinates.
Though what introduce above is preferred implementation of the present invention, illustrated in the present invention is not limited to and the mode of execution introduced.For example, the present invention can be applied to have as shown in Figure 9 the dynamofluidal vehicle that comprises CVT.In Fig. 9, reference character 16 and 17 is represented vee-belt and reduction gear respectively.In this case, the slippage that can use the belt transmission of vee-belt 16 to come estimating clutch as one of parameter than (Rv).
For example, because clutch input speed (Ni)=Ne/Rv, and clutch output speed (No)=Nt * Rg, therefore when detecting clutch input speed (Ni), clutch output speed (No), vehicle wheel rotational speed (Nt) and reduction gear velocity ratio (Rg), can use such formula to come the slippage of estimating clutch: the speed discrepancy of clutch (being slippage)=(clutch input speed)-(clutch output speed)=Ne/Rv-Nt * Rg.
In addition, the slippage of the clutch that estimated by evaluation unit 4 can be presented on the predetermined display unit (for example, be formed in the instrument panel display unit).And, those parameters that are not limited to introduce in the preferred implementation by input side sensor 2 and delivery end sensor 3 detected parameters, but can be by various existing sensor to other parameter.
The present invention can be applied to the device of various multi-form slippages that are used for estimating clutch, as long as this device comprises such evaluation unit: it obtains the checkout value of the input side sensor relevant with the dynamofluidal rotating speed of input side by being used on the input side power transmission chain that is arranged on from the motor to the friction clutch and the checkout value of the delivery end sensor of the parameter that obtained by being used on the outlet side power transmission chain that is arranged on from the friction clutch to the wheel to be correlated with the dynamofluidal rotating speed of outlet side, calculates the speed discrepancy of friction clutch.
Claims (4)
1. the device of the slippage of a friction clutch (12) that is used for estimating vehicle, this device comprises:
Evaluation unit (4), this evaluation unit calculates the input side of described friction clutch (12) and the difference in rotation between the outlet side by the checkout value in checkout value in the input side sensor (2) and the delivery end sensor (3), estimate slippage thus, wherein said input side sensor is arranged on the input side power transmission chain from motor (9) to described friction clutch (12) and is used to obtain and the relevant parameter of the dynamofluidal rotating speed of described input side, and described delivery end sensor (3) is arranged on the outlet side power transmission chain from described friction clutch (12) to wheel (15) and is used to obtain and the relevant parameter of the dynamofluidal rotating speed of described outlet side.
2. according to the device of the slippage of the described friction clutch (12) that is used for estimating vehicle of claim 1, this device also comprises identifying unit (5), and this identifying unit is used for judging according to the slippage of the described friction clutch of being estimated by described evaluation unit (4) (12) whether the torque transfer power of friction clutch (12) is lower than threshold value.
3. according to the device of the slippage of the described friction clutch (12) that is used for estimating vehicle of claim 2, this device also comprises warning unit (6), and this warning unit is used for the driver of warning vehicle when the torque transfer power by described identifying unit (5) judgement friction clutch (12) is lower than described threshold value.
4. according to the device of the slippage of claim 1 or the 2 described friction clutches (12) that are used for estimating vehicle, this device also comprises storage unit (8), and this storage unit is used for storing described result of determination being judged when the torque transfer power of described friction clutch (12) is lower than described threshold value by described identifying unit (5).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006235756A JP4422131B2 (en) | 2006-08-31 | 2006-08-31 | Clutch slip amount estimation device |
| JP2006235756 | 2006-08-31 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101135348A true CN101135348A (en) | 2008-03-05 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007101478824A Pending CN101135348A (en) | 2006-08-31 | 2007-08-31 | Device for estimating clutch slippage |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4422131B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101135348A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104100702A (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2014-10-15 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Clutch slip identification system and method |
| CN107366727A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2017-11-21 | 中铁工程装备集团机电工程有限公司 | A kind of wheel shaft of tunnel locomotive tests the speed transmission mechanism |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110603182B (en) | 2017-01-20 | 2022-11-22 | 北极星工业有限公司 | Method for diagnosing continuously variable transmission |
-
2006
- 2006-08-31 JP JP2006235756A patent/JP4422131B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-08-31 CN CNA2007101478824A patent/CN101135348A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104100702A (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2014-10-15 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Clutch slip identification system and method |
| CN104100702B (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2017-04-26 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | clutch slip identification system and method |
| CN107366727A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2017-11-21 | 中铁工程装备集团机电工程有限公司 | A kind of wheel shaft of tunnel locomotive tests the speed transmission mechanism |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4422131B2 (en) | 2010-02-24 |
| JP2008057669A (en) | 2008-03-13 |
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Open date: 20080305 |