CN101134994A - Spring steel quenching medium water-based hardening liquid heat treating process - Google Patents
Spring steel quenching medium water-based hardening liquid heat treating process Download PDFInfo
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- CN101134994A CN101134994A CNA2007100561256A CN200710056125A CN101134994A CN 101134994 A CN101134994 A CN 101134994A CN A2007100561256 A CNA2007100561256 A CN A2007100561256A CN 200710056125 A CN200710056125 A CN 200710056125A CN 101134994 A CN101134994 A CN 101134994A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses one kind of water-base quenching liquid for heat treatment of spring steel. The water-base quenching liquid with the characteristic of 'solidifying' at temperature over 65 deg.c and dissolving at temperature below 65 deg.c forms one layer of film on the surface of spring to retard the cooling speed, so as to reduce the quenching crack, stress and deformation of spring steel. The present invention has high quenching degree and small quenching stress.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of spring steel quenching medium water-based hardening liquid heat treating process, belong to the metal heat treatmet technical field.
Background technology:
Because the medium that the conventional springs steel quenches all is with quenching oils and water, but the relative cooling rate of quenchant of the oils of quenching is lower, and is lower to the hardening capacity of spring steel, very little in the scope that guarantees hardening capacity to the specification of spring steel.With hardening capacity preferably the spring steel of Cr-V series be that example can guarantee that the spring steel specification of its through hardening (the back integral body of quenching reach martensite content should greater than 95%) is generally less than 50 millimeters of φ.And because of high temperature easily causes chemical organic chain break, the Chemical Composition instability causes and causes the spring steel quenching uneven quenching oil, forms quenching stress after thermal treatment utilization for some time.And the quenching oil cooling rate to utilization is difficult for detecting, and it is big that quenching oil need regularly replace wastage, and easily cause fire and having a strong impact on environment.Utilize simple, the easy detection of water-based hardening liquid proportioning; the utilization scope is extensively controlled the stress deformation of workpiece; be that example can guarantee that the spring steel specification of its through hardening (the back integral body of quenching reach martensite content should greater than 95%) can reach φ 70 millimeter equally with the spring steel of Cr-Mn series Cr-V; and use this technology can guarantee the long-term steady quality of spring thermal treatment, safety nuisance free aspect environment protection.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to a kind of spring steel quenching medium water-based hardening liquid heat treating process, purpose is will solve many specifications spring steel when quenching, and the bigger penetration of hardness of acquisition that guarantees to quench guarantees to make thermal stresses and structural stress minimum simultaneously.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows: utilize water-based hardening liquid to be lower than 65 ℃ of dissolved characteristics " solidifying " more than 65 ℃, workpiece water-based hardening liquid when thermal treatment forms the film that solidifies and slows down speed of cooling to the thermal treatment part on the spring surface, reach the quenching crack of control spring steel and the distortion of stress and workpiece; Because its quench cooling rate of water-based hardening liquid is between quenchant oil and water, cooling rate is adjustable.Therefore the relative raising and the quenching stress of the hardening capacity that heavy in section spring is quenched have certain control.
Described spring steel maximum cold speed control system scope is V
Max=200 ℃/second～150 ℃/second, the speed of cooling span of control of 300 ℃ of points is 40 ℃/second～20 ℃/second; At the SI-Mn of this this scope series, Cr-V series, the quenching structure transformation of Cr-Mn series spring steel and stress control state is more satisfactory.
Described water-based hardening liquid concentration is that 15～18 parts of water-based hardening liquid stoste polyalkylene glycols are than 85～82 parts of water by weight ratio;
When water-based hardening liquid concentration is lower than 15%, need add PAG stoste, be higher than 18% o'clock thin up, till its hardening liquid concentration of stirring detection arrives and stablizes.
For guaranteeing that the water-based hardening liquid range of concentrations will be aborning regularly with the inspection of sugared amount instrument, concentration is lower than at 15% o'clock need add PAG stoste, is higher than 18% o'clock thin up and detects its hardening liquid concentration to stablizing for it through stirring.
But the workpiece of water-based hardening liquid after quenching to density unevenness easily causes the quenching stress that depth of hardening zone is uneven and formation is bigger.
Concrete heat treatment process of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
1, the specification limit (generally with reference to ISO683-14 " heat-treated steel, steel alloy and Free Cutting Steel-Di 14 parts: quench and tempering spring hot-rolled steel " standard) by spring steel hardening capacity is determined in the chemical ingredients and the mechanical property analysis of spring steel material.
2, by ISO 9950 " industrial quenching oil. the mensuration of cooling property. nickelalloy detection test method " the standard test water-based hardening liquid is that to test water-based hardening liquid concentration be 25% each temperature spot cooling rate difference of testing at the water-based hardening liquid of each concentration to basic point always in 5% concentration.The cooling rate 300 ℃ time measured according to each concentration determined the spring water-based hardening liquid concentration of respective material.
3, determine hardening liquid stirring system (water pump, circulation comb) to the water-based hardening liquid speed of circulation according to the size of used quenching tank, water-based hardening liquid maximum speed of circulation in quenching tank will guarantee not produce the homogeneity that the hardening liquid bubble guarantees quenching.
4, quenching tank has pair water-based hardening liquid the heating and cooling function to be arranged to the increase along with spring quenching quantity, water-based hardening liquid temperature in the quenching tank will raise gradually, therefore will control water-based hardening liquid " is solidifying " more than 65 ℃, start-up of cooling system when the water-based hardening liquid temperature is raised to 40 ℃ in the quenching tank is lowered the temperature, and the heating system startup was heated when temperature was lower than 10 ℃ in the quenching tank in the winter time.
5, determine to use the hand-held saccharometer to detect used water-based hardening liquid concentration to the measurement number of times of hardening liquid concentration aborning according to spring quenching quantity, so that the certain limit that is controlled at of water-based hardening liquid concentration is guaranteed the stable of quenching quality.
The present invention should guarantee that its hardening capacity guarantees that again quenching stress minimum (not cracking) promptly guarantees high temperature section (870 ℃-600 ℃) cooling fast, low-temperature zone (500 ℃-300 ℃) slow cooling obtains bigger penetration of hardness to guarantee to quench and guarantees to make thermal stresses and structural stress minimum simultaneously.
The superiority that existing relatively other springs of the present invention quench:
1, the specification limit that adopts this technology that spring is quenched increases.Be no more than 50 millimeters of φ as the spring steel of CrV series in the spring steel specification maximum that with the quenching oil is its through hardening of medium (the back integral body of quenching reach martensite content should greater than 95%).Be that example can guarantee that the spring steel specification of its through hardening (the back integral body of quenching reach martensite content should greater than 95%) can reach φ more than 80 millimeters equally with the spring steel of CrV series.
2。Control quenching cooling rate scope is wide, and this is that the customary quenching agent is no comparable.
3。Spring steel quenching medium water-based hardening liquid heat treating process is stable, easily monitoring, and long-term stability need not be changed (general quenching oil commonly used need regularly replace), uses cost low for a long time.
4。Spring steel quenching medium water-based hardening liquid heat treating process is nuisanceless, safe and reliable.Water-based hardening liquid belongs to that water-soluble organic compounds does not fire, no volatile matter.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Quick car spring and light rail car spring treatment production process
Heat treatment technics requires:
Spring material: 60Si2CrVA (50CrVA)
42 millimeters of spring steel specification: φ (40 millimeters of φ)
Spring hardness: HRC45-50
Spring rate: 0.717KN/mm
All the other heat treatment technicss require to press TB/T1025-2000 " used for rolling stock hot rolling spiral compression spring supply of material technical qualification " standard and carry out.
The treatment production processing step is as follows:
1 couple of starting material 60Si2CrVA, 42 millimeters (50CrVA of φ, 40 millimeters of φ) spring steel carries out the chemical ingredients of spring steel material and mechanical performance test and carries out the hardening capacity analysis and determine this spring steel hardening capacity by GB225-88 " the hardening capacity jominy end quench test method of steel " standard, and wherein hardening liquid adopts the water-based hardening liquid aqueous solution (polyalkylene glycol+water) of 15% concentration that sugar amount instrument measures.
Detect 60Si2CrVA with metallographic, the structural state after 42 millimeters spring steel of φ quench.The result is a quenched martensite, and whole cross section quenched martensite content is greater than more than 95%.
Adopt the hardness staircase method promptly to beat some Rockwell hardnesss (HRC) until the center of circle, spring steel cross section every 2 millimeters from quenching spring steel section edges.
60Si2CrVA, 42 millimeters spring steel detected results of φ are HRC62-HRC60 (50CrVA, the spring steel that φ is 40 millimeters are HRC61-HRC59) scope.
With the cooling rate instrument press ISO 9950 " industrial quenching oil. the mensuration of cooling property. nickelalloy detection test method " speed of cooling during standard test water-based hardening liquid 15% concentration when maximum cooling rate and 300 ℃.
Measuring result is maximum cooling rate V
Max=160 ℃/s, the speed of cooling V300=23 in the time of 300 ℃ ℃/s.
2. water-based hardening liquid is prepared:
30000 premium on currency base hardening liquid stostes and about 170000 premium on currency are added in the quenching tank of 2 meters of 1.5 meters * of 10 meters * and mix (agitation cycle system, heating system, cooling system, temp measuring system are housed in the quenching tank).
Open in the quenching tank and the agitation cycle system is housed the water-based hardening liquid solution stirring.
The water-based hardening liquid solution stirring is extracted the water-based hardening liquid sample respectively in difference after about 15 minutes or the longer time in quenching tank, detect the water-based hardening liquid strength of solution that each point extracts with the hand-held saccharometer.(till detection each point concentration was the same, order ground was the homogeneity that guarantees the water-based hardening liquid strength of solution).
3. spring quenches:
In the quenching tank water-based hardening liquid strength of solution evenly after, temperature is reached 840 ℃ ± 10 ℃ 60Si2CrVA spring (the 50CrVA quenching temperature is 820 ℃ ± 10 ℃) puts into water-based hardening liquid solution and quench and cool off fully at water-based hardening liquid solution until spring.
Quenching process agitation cycle system, cooling system its objective is the homogeneity that guarantees that spring quenches all the time in opened condition.
4. spring temper:
60Si2CrVA spring (50CrVA spring) is put into tempering stove immediately and is carried out tempering after quenching.
500 ℃ ± 10 ℃ of 60Si2CrVA spring temper temperature, constant temperature 1 hour 30 minutes (420 ℃ ± 10 ℃ of 50CrVA spring temper temperature, constant temperature 1 hour 30 minutes).
5. spring inspection:
Tempered 60Si2CrVA spring (50CrVA spring) is randomly drawed a finished product spring and is carried out hardness, metallographic examination.
Assay: the metallographic structure state is a tempering troostite, and hardness is all between HRC45-HRC50.
6. the spring mechanical performance test is checked:
By the requirement of pattern and TB/T1025-2000 standard, qualified fully through the mechanical property of above thermal treatment spring.
The purpose of spring mechanical performance test is to check whether spring geometrical dimension, thermal treatment quality are accurately stablized.
7. spring all carries out magnetic-particle inspection:
Spring after the thermal treatment is all qualified by the requirement magnetic-particle inspection of TB/T1025-2000 standard.
The purpose of flaw detection is to check spring quenching stress excessive spring surface crack, cracking of causing whether in quenching process.
Claims (3)
1. spring steel quenching medium water-based hardening liquid heat treating process, utilize water-based hardening liquid to be lower than 65 ℃ of dissolved characteristics " solidifying " more than 65 ℃, workpiece water-based hardening liquid when thermal treatment forms the film that solidifies and slows down speed of cooling to the thermal treatment part on the spring surface, reach the quenching crack of control spring steel and the distortion of stress and workpiece;
Described spring steel maximum cold speed control system scope is v
Max=200 ℃/second～150 ℃/second, the speed of cooling span of control of 300 ℃ of points is 40 ℃/second～20 ℃/second;
Described water-based hardening liquid concentration is that 15～18 parts of water-based hardening liquid stoste polyalkylene glycols are than 85～82 parts of water by weight ratio;
When water-based hardening liquid concentration is lower than 15%, need add PAG stoste, be higher than 18% o'clock thin up, till its hardening liquid concentration of stirring detection arrives and stablizes.
2. thermal treatment process according to claim 1 mainly may further comprise the steps:
1) specification limit by spring steel hardening capacity is determined in the chemical ingredients and the mechanical property analysis of spring steel material;
2) measuring water-based hardening liquid is that to test water-based hardening liquid concentration be 25% each temperature spot cooling rate difference of testing at the water-based hardening liquid of each concentration to basic point always in 5% concentration, the cooling rate 300 ℃ time measured according to each concentration determined the spring water-based hardening liquid concentration of respective material;
3) water-based hardening liquid is circulated evenly stir;
4) quenching tank has pair water-based hardening liquid the heating and cooling function to be arranged to the increase along with spring quenching quantity, water-based hardening liquid temperature in the quenching tank will raise gradually, therefore will control water-based hardening liquid " is solidifying " more than 65 ℃, start-up of cooling system when the water-based hardening liquid temperature is raised to 40 ℃ in the quenching tank is lowered the temperature, and the heating system startup was heated when temperature was lower than 10 ℃ in the quenching tank in the winter time.
5) determine to use the hand-held saccharometer to detect used water-based hardening liquid concentration to the measurement number of times of hardening liquid concentration aborning according to spring quenching quantity, so that the certain limit that is controlled at of water-based hardening liquid concentration is guaranteed the stable of quenching quality.
3. spring steel quenching medium water-based hardening liquid heat treating process according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: spring steel comprises SI-Mn series, Cr-V series, Cr-Mn series.
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| CNA2007100561256A CN101134994A (en) | 2007-10-08 | 2007-10-08 | Spring steel quenching medium water-based hardening liquid heat treating process |
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| CNA2007100561256A CN101134994A (en) | 2007-10-08 | 2007-10-08 | Spring steel quenching medium water-based hardening liquid heat treating process |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102168167A (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2011-08-31 | 长沙胜通汽配科技发展有限公司 | Process for quenching automobile steel plate spring by using PAG (Polyalkylene Glycol) water-soluble medium |
| CN102605150A (en) * | 2012-04-08 | 2012-07-25 | 山东雷帕得弹簧有限公司 | Quenching liquid and quenching technology for improving through quenching thickness of 50CrVA spring steel |
| CN104805257A (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2015-07-29 | 贵州大学 | Spiral spring quenching heat treatment process adopting water-soluble quenching medium |
| CN105183022A (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2015-12-23 | 十堰双齐科技有限公司 | Method for controlling PAG water base quenchant field concentration |
| CN111926165A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-13 | 无锡金峰园弹簧制造有限公司 | Heat treatment process of 60Si2CrA spring steel |
-
2007
- 2007-10-08 CN CNA2007100561256A patent/CN101134994A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102168167A (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2011-08-31 | 长沙胜通汽配科技发展有限公司 | Process for quenching automobile steel plate spring by using PAG (Polyalkylene Glycol) water-soluble medium |
| CN102605150A (en) * | 2012-04-08 | 2012-07-25 | 山东雷帕得弹簧有限公司 | Quenching liquid and quenching technology for improving through quenching thickness of 50CrVA spring steel |
| CN104805257A (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2015-07-29 | 贵州大学 | Spiral spring quenching heat treatment process adopting water-soluble quenching medium |
| CN105183022A (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2015-12-23 | 十堰双齐科技有限公司 | Method for controlling PAG water base quenchant field concentration |
| CN111926165A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-13 | 无锡金峰园弹簧制造有限公司 | Heat treatment process of 60Si2CrA spring steel |
| CN111926165B (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2022-04-05 | 无锡金峰园弹簧制造有限公司 | Heat treatment process of 60Si2CrA spring steel |
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