CN101125652A - 一种碳化铝纳米带的合成方法 - Google Patents
一种碳化铝纳米带的合成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101125652A CN101125652A CNA2007100710852A CN200710071085A CN101125652A CN 101125652 A CN101125652 A CN 101125652A CN A2007100710852 A CNA2007100710852 A CN A2007100710852A CN 200710071085 A CN200710071085 A CN 200710071085A CN 101125652 A CN101125652 A CN 101125652A
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- CAVCGVPGBKGDTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynemethyl(alumanylidynemethylalumanylidenemethylidene)alumane Chemical compound [Al]#C[Al]=C=[Al]C#[Al] CAVCGVPGBKGDTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000002127 nanobelt Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 241000209456 Plumbago Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- TWHBEKGYWPPYQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium carbide Chemical compound [C-4].[C-4].[C-4].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3] TWHBEKGYWPPYQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMWBBMXGHHLDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [AlH3].[Si] Chemical compound [AlH3].[Si] KMWBBMXGHHLDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ARNWQMJQALNBBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium carbide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[C-]#[C-] ARNWQMJQALNBBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种碳化铝纳米带的合成方法。装有铝硅合金的坩埚置于炉内，关闭炉门抽真空至50Pa～10－3Pa，然后充入保护气氩气，再升温到700℃～1600℃之间保温1－20小时，然后自然冷却至常温，在合金表面及石墨坩埚内壁上生成许多黄色的碳化铝纳米带。本发明制备的碳化铝纳米带厚度薄、杂质少；碳化铝纳米带的长度长，能达到几个毫米；生长碳化铝纳米带的成本很低；不存在环境污染、制备设备简单。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种碳化铝纳米带的合成方法。
背景技术
近年来，一维量子线以其小的直径、大的长径比、高的各向异性、各种奇异的结构和奇特的性能成为当今纳米科技的研究热点。一维纳米材料(纳米线、纳米带、纳米棒)代表了能有效的传输电子、空穴、光波和各种激子的最小维数的结构，它们是构成纳米电子、纳米机械和纳米光子学器件的基本单元。碳化铝纳米带是一种带状的一维纳米结构材料，在构建纳米电子器件、催化和传感等领域有一定的应用前景。
华盛顿州立大学Lai-Sheng Wang等(Nano Letters 2002Vol.2，No.2，105-108)报道以锂为催化剂制备碳化铝纳米线(带)的方法，加热Al/C/Li(原子比为5/3/1)混合物到780℃，保温72小时，然后迅速冷却到常温，合成了六角形的碳化铝微晶，当以3℃/h的速度冷却到常温时得到几十微米长的碳化铝纳米线(直径5至70nm)和纳米带(厚5～70nm、宽20～500nm)。以锂为催化剂制备碳化铝纳米线(带)的合成温度较低，但是会引入碳化锂杂质。
P.Schulz等在采用铝硅合金750℃熔渗石墨预制件制备石墨/铝复合物的实验中，在复合物的内部发现少量的碳化铝晶须，讨论了碳化铝晶须对复合物力学性能的影响(Materials Science and Engineering A448(2007)1-6)。此外关于碳化铝一维纳米材料的报道还很少。现有制备碳化铝纳米线(带)的方法还有许多不足之处，进一步探求更先进的制备碳化铝一维纳米材料的方法是非常必要的。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种碳化铝纳米带的合成方法，
本发明采用的技术方案是，该方法的步骤如下：：
装有铝硅合金的坩埚置于炉内，关闭炉门抽真空至50Pa～10-3pa，然后充入保护气氩气，再升温到700℃～1600℃之间保温1-20小时，然后自然冷却至常温，在合金表面及石墨坩埚内壁上生成许多黄色的碳化铝纳米带。
所述的铝硅合金，其铝原子百分数含量在10％-90％。
所述的石墨坩埚既为容器也为碳源。
采用铝硅合金为原料，硅在反应体系中起到催化剂的作用，石墨坩埚上的碳作为碳源参与了反应。碳化铝纳米带制备的反应机理是：高温下，合金为液态，气氛中铝硅有一定的饱和蒸气压，由于少量氧的存在，体系中一氧化碳也具有一定的饱和蒸气压，然后通过气固反应机理(VS机理)合成碳化铝纳米带。
与背景技术相比，本发明具有的有益效果是：
本发明采用铝硅合金为原料，在石墨坩埚为碳源，加热到700～1600℃的温度范围内，然后随炉冷却到常温，制备了碳化铝纳米带。本发明制备的碳化铝纳米带厚度薄、杂质少；碳化铝纳米带的长度长，能达到几个毫米；生长碳化铝纳米带的成本很低；不存在环境污染、制备设备简单。
附图说明
图1是实施例1的碳化铝纳米带。
图2是实施例2的碳化铝纳米带。
具体实施方式
一种以铝硅合金为原料，石墨坩埚为碳源，采用碳热还原法生长碳化铝纳米带的实施例：
实施例1：
装有铝硅合金(Al原子百分数含量为50％)的坩埚置于炉内，关闭炉门抽真空至10-1Pa，然后充入保护气氩气，再升温到1400℃保温5小时，然后自然冷却至常温。在合金表面及石墨坩埚内壁上生成许多黄色的碳化铝纳米带(如图1)。
实施例2：
装有铝硅合金(Al原子百分数含量为70％)的坩埚置于炉内，关闭炉门抽真空至10-2pa，然后充入保护气氩气，再升温到1000℃保温20小时，然后自然冷却至常温。在合金表面及石墨坩埚内壁上生成许多黄色的碳化铝纳米带(如图2)。
实施例3：
装有铝硅合金(Al原子百分数含量为10％)的坩埚置于炉内，关闭炉门抽真空至10-3pa，然后充入保护气氩气，再升温到1200℃保温1小时，然后自然冷却至常温。在合金表面及石墨坩埚内壁上生成许多黄色的碳化铝纳米带。
实施例4：
装有铝硅合金(Al原子百分数含量为90％)的坩埚置于炉内，关闭炉门抽真空至50Pa，然后充入保护气氩气，再升温到700℃保温10小时，然后自然冷却至常温。在合金表面及石墨坩埚内壁上生成许多黄色的碳化铝纳米带。
实施例5：
装有铝硅合金(Al原子百分数含量为40％)的坩埚置于炉内，关闭炉门抽真空至1Pa，然后充入保护气氩气，再升温到1600℃之间保温10小时，然后自然冷却至常温。在合金表面及石墨坩埚内壁上生成许多黄色的碳化铝纳米带。
Claims (3)
1.一种碳化铝纳米带的合成方法，其特征在于该方法的步骤如下：装有铝硅合金的坩埚置于炉内，关闭炉门抽真空至50Pa～10-3Pa，然后充入保护气氩气，再升温到700℃～1600℃之间保温1-20小时，然后自然冷却至常温，在合金表面及石墨坩埚内壁上生成许多黄色的碳化铝纳米带。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种碳化铝纳米带的合成方法，其特征在于：所述的铝硅合金，其铝原子百分数含量在10％-90％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种碳化铝纳米带的合成方法，其特征在于：所述的石墨坩埚既为容器也为碳源。
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017184760A2 (en) | 2016-04-20 | 2017-10-26 | West Virginia University Research Corporation | Methods, apparatuses, and electrodes for carbide-to-carbon conversion with nanostructured carbide chemical compounds |
| US10494264B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2019-12-03 | West Virginia University Research Corporation | Process for pure carbon production, compositions, and methods thereof |
| US11306401B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2022-04-19 | West Virginia University Research Corporation | Methods and apparatuses for production of carbon, carbide electrodes, and carbon compositions |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10494264B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2019-12-03 | West Virginia University Research Corporation | Process for pure carbon production, compositions, and methods thereof |
| US10696555B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2020-06-30 | West Virginia University Research Corporation | Process for pure carbon production |
| US11306401B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2022-04-19 | West Virginia University Research Corporation | Methods and apparatuses for production of carbon, carbide electrodes, and carbon compositions |
| WO2017184760A2 (en) | 2016-04-20 | 2017-10-26 | West Virginia University Research Corporation | Methods, apparatuses, and electrodes for carbide-to-carbon conversion with nanostructured carbide chemical compounds |
| US11332833B2 (en) | 2016-04-20 | 2022-05-17 | West Virginia Research Corporation | Methods, apparatuses, and electrodes for carbide-to-carbon conversion with nanostructured carbide chemical compounds |
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