CN101124372B - 用于隔音板材的含有明胶、甘油及其他材料的组合物 - Google Patents
用于隔音板材的含有明胶、甘油及其他材料的组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种用于制造具有隔音性质的板材的组合物，其含有水、明胶、甘油和一种填充材料。
Description
本发明涉及一种适用于制造具有隔音性质的板材的组合物，特别涉及一种还不会造成环境污染的组合物。本发明还涉及一种由该组合物制造板材的方法。
发明背景
研究人员发现具有高传声损失的材料具有隔音性质。许多物理因数都可以决定材料的传声损失，例如质量和硬度。材料单位面积上的质量是控制的声音传递穿过材料的最重要的因素。值得在这里再重复一下所谓的质量定律，因为在大多数频率下它适用于大多数材料：
TL＝20log10(msf)-48
其中：TL＝传递损失(dB)
ms＝单位面积的质量(kg/m2)
f＝声音频率(Hz)
材料硬度是影响TL的另一个因素。硬度较高的材料表现出“符合频率下垂”，其不能通过上述的质量定律进行解释。该符合或者临界频率可以表示为：
fc＝A/t
其中：A为材料常数，
t为材料厚度(mm)
通常用于制造具有隔音性质的板材的组合物的例子是所谓的负载的乙烯基树脂。在该组合物中，具有高密度的材料和乙烯基树脂在形成阶段结合。得到的产品具有高密度，同时仍维持高伸缩性和由此产生的隔音性质。
然而，乙烯基树脂是一种来源于石油能源的产品，因此，其价格和生产与油价有直接地联系并且由石油供应决定。此外，乙烯基树脂不易生物降解并且燃烧时还会产生有毒气体。当利用负载的乙烯基树脂的隔音性质将其用作建筑材料时，这就引起一个特殊的问题。
因此，需要一种可以用来制造具有隔音性质的板材的替代材料，该替代材料可以克服负载的乙烯基树脂的缺陷。
发明概要
一方面，本发明提供了一种用于制造具有隔音性质的板材的组合物，其中该组合物含有水、明胶、甘油和一种填充材料。
优选地，该组合物含有：
5-40wt％水；
5-30wt％明胶；
5-40wt％甘油；和
20-60wt％填充材料。
优选地，该组合物还含有1-15wt％的II族金属氯化物，例如氯化钙或者氯化镁。更优选地是，该组合物含有2-10wt％氯化镁。
优选地，该组合物进一步含有0.5-7wt％淀粉或者麸质。优选通过添加玉米粉到组合物中来提供淀粉。
优选地，填充材料是一种高密度的非反应材料。优选密度大于1g/cm3，更优选填充材料的密度为大约2.0-3.0g/cm3。填充材料可以选自任何高密度的非反应材料，例如硫酸钡或者高岭土(KAOLIN)。
优选地，组合物含有：
10-25wt％水；
5-20wt％明胶；
10-25wt％甘油；
40-60wt％填充材料；
1-10wt％氯化镁；和
0.5-3wt％淀粉。
组合物可以进一步含有其它组分，例如乙二醇和/或丙二醇；聚乙烯醇；除臭剂；抗氧化剂和/或杀菌剂。
另一方面，本发明提供了一种具有隔音性质的板材，其中所述板材由一种组合物制造，所述组合物含有：
5-40wt％水；
5-30wt％明胶；
5-40wt％甘油；和
20-60wt％填充材料。
优选地，所述组合物还含有1-15wt％II族金属氯化物，例如氯化钙或者氯化镁。更优选地是，该组合物含有2-10wt％氯化镁。
优选地，所述组合物进一步含有0.5-7wt％淀粉或者麸质。优选地，通过在所述组合物中添加玉米粉来提供淀粉。
优选地，板材被制造成具有1-8mm厚度的薄板形式。优选地，板材具有1.7-6mm的厚度。该板材可以以一个平面或者两个平面结合到任何合适的材料上，从而提供一种复合层状材料。适合的材料可以是铝薄膜、石膏板、木料、钢(彩色结合屋面材料(colourbond roofing))、纤维-水泥板、无织聚酯、泡沫吸声材料或者任何其它的天然纤维编织材料(natural fibre matting)。
该板材可以通过粘合剂粘贴在其它合适的材料上或者在制造阶段的固化过程期间粘贴在其它合适的材料上。
板材可以具有任何适当的密度，优选在1g/cm3到3g/cm3的范围之内。
优选地该板材被并入一个墙结构，该墙结构利用，例如，交错钉和一个充满聚酯棉絮或者合适的吸音材料的空穴。可以通过在两块石膏薄板之间加入所述板材使该板材并入所述的墙结构中。
本发明还提供了一种制造具有隔音性质的板材的方法，该方法包括下述步骤：
(i)混合水、甘油和玉米粉，并且加热得到的混合物到80-90℃，直至形成凝胶；
(ii)将明胶溶解到凝胶中；
(iii)在凝胶中加入氯化镁；
(iv)掺进填充材料得到均匀的组合物；
(v)将得到的凝胶挤压成所需厚度的平板；和
(vi)将板冷却到室温，从而固化该板材。
根据该方法的步骤(v)的一个具体实施方式，可以将凝胶挤压在铝箔薄片或者另一合适的材料上，由此，一旦薄板在步骤(vi)中固化，即制造出复合板材。
发明详述
本发明的组合物可以用于提供一种具有显著隔音性能的声学板材。板材一旦形成，它具有至少大于1g/cm3的密度，优选大约2.5g/cm3的密度。除高密度之外，该板材非常柔韧，具有高的弹性记忆，从而提供极好的隔音性能。
由于本发明组合物由非石油产品组成，所以由该组合物制造的声学板材是生物可降解的和无毒的。而且，该板材的价格与油价和石油供应无关。
该组合物的另一个优点在于，与可替换的负载的乙烯基树脂产品相比，它是防火的，并且燃烧时不会释放出有毒气体。这使得该材料可以广泛用于建筑材料从而提供一个更为安全和绿色的替换负载的乙烯基树脂的材料。
在制造声学薄板的过程中，本发明组合物还可以通过合适的技术进行染色，从而制造出任何要求颜色的薄板。而且，该组合物具有极好的粘连性，因此如果要结合到合适的衬底上，则不需要在形成阶段进行粘合。换句话说，一旦板材固化，该材料还可以和大多数胶和粘合剂相容，因此可以在该阶段制得复合材料。
通过下面优选但非限制性的例子将更透彻地理解本发明。
实施例
将100g水和100g甘油以及10g淀粉混合，然后加热升温到85℃。然后将80g明胶和20g氯化镁溶解于混合物中，形成凝胶。然后在凝胶中加入310g硫酸钡形成一种具有良好的伸缩性、弹性、拉伸力和密度以及具有好的成膜性能的组合物。组合物具有下述的重量组成：
16％水；
16％甘油；
1.5％淀粉；
13％明胶；
3.5％氯化镁；和
50％硫酸钡。
然后将组合物挤压成平板并结合到铝薄膜上，然后降温到室温从而使该组合物固化形成具有4mm厚度的复合材料薄板，其表现出极好的隔音性质。
虽然已经详细描述了个别具体实施方式，可以理解通过本领域的常规技术产生的各种变化、替换和改变也未离开本发明的精神和范围。
Claims (25)
1.一种用于制造具有隔音性质的板材的组合物，其中所述组合物含有：
5-40wt％水；
5-30wt％明胶；
5-40wt％甘油；
1-15wt％II族金属氯化物；和
20-60wt％填充材料。
2.根据权利要求1的组合物，其中II族金属氯化物选自氯化钙或者氯化镁。
3.根据权利要求2的组合物，其中所述组合物含有2-10wt％氯化镁。
4.根据权利要求1的组合物，其中所述组合物进一步含有0.5-7wt％淀粉或者麸质。
5.根据权利要求4的组合物，其中通过向组合物中添加玉米粉来提供淀粉。
6.根据权利要求1的细合物，其中填充材料是具有高密度的非反应材料。
7.根据权利要求6的组合物，其中填充材料的密度大于1g/cm3。
8.根据权利要求6的组合物，其中填充材料的密度为2.0-3.0g/cm3。
9.根据权利要求1的组合物，其中填充材料是硫酸钡或者高岭土。
10.一种用于制造具有隔音性质的板材的组合物，其中所述组合物含有：
10-25wt％水；
5-20wt％明胶；
10-25wt％甘油；
40-60wt％填充材料；
1-10wt％氯化镁；和
0.5-3wt％淀粉。
11.根据权利要求1或10的组合物，其中所述组合物进一步含有：乙二醇和/或丙二醇；聚乙烯醇；除臭剂；抗氧化剂和/或杀菌剂。
12.一种具有隔音性质的板材，其中所述板材由一种组合物制造，所述组合物含有：
5-40wt％水；
5-30wt％明胶；
5-40wt％甘油；
1-15wt％II族金属氯化物；和
20-60wt％填充材料。
13.根据权利要求12的板材，其中II族金属氯化物选自氯化钙或者氯化镁。
14.根据权利要求13的板材，其中所述组合物含有2-10wt％氯化镁。
15.根据权利要求12-14中任一项的板材，其中组合物进一步含有0.5-7wt％淀粉或者麸质。
16.根据权利要求15的板材，其中通过向组合物中添加玉米粉来提供淀粉。
17.根据权利要求12的板材，其中所述板材具有1-8mm的厚度。
18.根据权利要求12的板材，其中板材密度为1g/cm3-3g/cm3。
19.根据权利要求12的板材，其中板材被并入墙结构中。
20.一种复合层状板材，包括权利要求12-18中任一项的板材和另一种结合在所述板材一个平面或者两个平面上的材料。
21.根据权利要求20的复合层状板材，其中另一种材料选自铝薄膜、石膏板、木料、钢、纤维-水泥板、无织聚酯、泡沫吸声材料或者任何其它的天然纤维编织材料中的一种或它们的任意组合。
22.根据权利要求20或21的复合层状板材，其中板材可以通过粘合剂粘贴在其它合适的材料上或者在制造阶段的固化过程期间粘贴在其它合适的材料上。
23.根据权利要求20的复合层状板材，其中复合层状板材被并入墙结构中。
24.一种制造具有隔音性质的板材的方法，包括下述步骤：
(i)混合水、甘油和玉米粉，并且加热得到的混合物到80-90℃，直至形成凝胶；
(ii)将明胶溶解到凝胶中；
(iii)向凝胶中加入氯化镁；
(iv)掺进填充材料得到均匀的组合物；
(v)将得到的凝胶挤压成所需厚度的平板；和
(vi)将板冷却到室温，从而固化该板材。
25.根据权利要求24的方法，其中步骤(v)中凝胶被挤压到铝箔薄片或者另一合适的材料上，由此在步骤(vi)中固化薄板，制造出复合层状板材。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2004906645A AU2004906645A0 (en) | 2004-11-22 | A composition for producing sheet material | |
| AU2004906645 | 2004-11-22 | ||
| PCT/AU2005/001758 WO2006053393A1 (en) | 2004-11-22 | 2005-11-18 | Composition for sound insulating sheet material with gelatine, glycerine and other materials |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101124372A CN101124372A (zh) | 2008-02-13 |
| CN101124372B true CN101124372B (zh) | 2012-01-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2005800398696A Expired - Fee Related CN101124372B (zh) | 2004-11-22 | 2005-11-18 | 用于隔音板材的含有明胶、甘油及其他材料的组合物 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20080203350A1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP1819889A4 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN101124372B (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2006053393A1 (zh) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103980551B (zh) * | 2012-11-13 | 2015-12-30 | 慈溪市鑫昶工业产品设计有限公司 | 复合热膨胀材料管及其制造方法 |
| AU2014101211B4 (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2015-01-29 | Acoustic Space Pty Ltd | A sound insulating sheet material with a cellular structure including gelatine and/or a process for producing the same |
| EP2994581B1 (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2019-03-13 | Acoustic Space Pty Ltd | A sound insulating sheet material with a cellular structure including gelatine and/or a process for producing the same |
| CN103289428A (zh) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-09-11 | 内蒙古大学 | 一种高岭土与废弃植物纤维复合板材的制备方法 |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1210931A (zh) * | 1997-09-09 | 1999-03-17 | 任文林 | 高保险防盗门及其锁 |
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| BE367892A (zh) * | 1929-02-19 | 1900-01-01 | ||
| US3424270A (en) * | 1965-05-12 | 1969-01-28 | Us Plywood Champ Papers Inc | Viscoelastic sound-blocking material with filler of high density particles |
| US4086331A (en) * | 1975-01-07 | 1978-04-25 | Technion Research And Development Foundation Ltd. | Gelatin-based compositions and a method for the generation of stabilized foams therefrom |
| AT342317B (de) * | 1975-08-25 | 1978-03-28 | Union Carbide Corp | Mischung zur herstellung eines biegsamen polyatherpolyurethanschaums |
| FR2479682A1 (fr) * | 1980-04-04 | 1981-10-09 | Biotrol Sa Lab | Dispositif attenuateur des bruits emis par un anus artificiel |
| US4510019A (en) * | 1981-05-12 | 1985-04-09 | Papeteries De Jeand'heurs | Latex containing papers |
| US4954327A (en) * | 1988-08-12 | 1990-09-04 | Blount David H | Production of silica aerogels |
| JP2881490B2 (ja) * | 1990-09-27 | 1999-04-12 | 旭電化工業株式会社 | 防音・制振性材料 |
| US5569513A (en) * | 1994-08-10 | 1996-10-29 | Armstrong World Industries, Inc. | Aerogel-in-foam thermal insulation and its preparation |
| US5945643A (en) * | 1995-06-16 | 1999-08-31 | Casser; Donald J. | Vibration dampening material and process |
| US5922379A (en) * | 1998-05-05 | 1999-07-13 | Natural Polymer International Corporation | Biodegradable protein/starch-based thermoplastic composition |
| US20020096278A1 (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2002-07-25 | Armstrong World Industries, Inc. | Durable acoustical panel and method of making the same |
-
2005
- 2005-11-18 CN CN2005800398696A patent/CN101124372B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-11-18 US US11/667,847 patent/US20080203350A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-11-18 EP EP05804576A patent/EP1819889A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-11-18 WO PCT/AU2005/001758 patent/WO2006053393A1/en active Application Filing
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1210931A (zh) * | 1997-09-09 | 1999-03-17 | 任文林 | 高保险防盗门及其锁 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101124372A (zh) | 2008-02-13 |
| EP1819889A1 (en) | 2007-08-22 |
| WO2006053393A1 (en) | 2006-05-26 |
| US20080203350A1 (en) | 2008-08-28 |
| EP1819889A4 (en) | 2011-02-02 |
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