CN101123439A - A coding modulation and decoding method and device for grid coding and modulation code - Google Patents
A coding modulation and decoding method and device for grid coding and modulation code Download PDFInfo
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- CN101123439A CN101123439A CNA2007101226575A CN200710122657A CN101123439A CN 101123439 A CN101123439 A CN 101123439A CN A2007101226575 A CNA2007101226575 A CN A2007101226575A CN 200710122657 A CN200710122657 A CN 200710122657A CN 101123439 A CN101123439 A CN 101123439A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/25—Error detection or forward error correction by signal space coding, i.e. adding redundancy in the signal constellation, e.g. Trellis Coded Modulation [TCM]
- H03M13/256—Error detection or forward error correction by signal space coding, i.e. adding redundancy in the signal constellation, e.g. Trellis Coded Modulation [TCM] with trellis coding, e.g. with convolutional codes and TCM
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/25—Error detection or forward error correction by signal space coding, i.e. adding redundancy in the signal constellation, e.g. Trellis Coded Modulation [TCM]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/27—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes using interleaving techniques
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/31—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes combining coding for error detection or correction and efficient use of the spectrum
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Abstract
The invention discloses a trellis code modulated (TCM) code modulation method, and is to solve the problem of poor entirety of the prior TCM codes. The invention comprises the following steps. Firstly, a square QAM planisphere with the modulation order number larger than 4 is used as a constellation mapping scheme so that after the codes on a way I and a way Q of the constellation mapping scheme are mapped, and bit blocks are arranged repeatedly on a periodic basis on the ways I and Q, and corresponding uncoded bit blocks are different after each repeated arrangement on a periodic basis. Constellation indices including coded bit blocks and uncoded bit blocks are acquired according to original bit message block. Signaling points in the constellation mapping scheme according to the constellation indices are determined as the final emissive TCM signals. As the coded bit blocks are repeatedly arranged on a periodic basis, and corresponding uncoded bit blocks are different from each other, mappings of symbols for parallel paths on the way Q of the constellation mapping scheme are uniform, and the entirety of TCM codes can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the data encoding technique field, particularly a kind of coded modulation of grid coding modulation code, interpretation method and device.
Background technology
TCM (trellis coded modulation Trellis-coded modulation) coding, it is grid coding modulation technique, be a kind of " set of signals space encoding ", it can be on the basis that does not reduce band efficiency and power utilization, to encode combines with chopping phase, utilizes the redundancy of set of signals to obtain error correcting capability.
The TCM sign indicating number has two essential characteristics:
1, used signal is counted greater than required the counting of modulation of the same race of not encoding in the planisphere, and these additional signals points provide redundancy for error correction coding.
2, adopt convolution code to introduce certain dependence between signaling point in succession, thereby have only some signal point sequence to be only to allow appearance, the burst of these permissions can be modeled as network, thereby is called Trellis-coded modulation.
The basic thought of TCM is: adopt the spread signal collection that controlled coding redundancy is provided, convolutional encoding and polynary modulation mapping are designed for uniformity, promptly to the transmission signals point set gather cut apart mapping so that the free Euclidean distance between the coded signal sequence (squared euclidean distance be between two signaling points distance square, be called for short Euclidean distance, free Euclidean distance be defined as from zero constantly same state begin bifurcated and follow-up certain constantly certain state minimum Eustachian distance between two endless signal point sequences that cross is arranged.) reach maximum.
As shown in Figure 1, the TCM signal produces in the following way: at each moment n, it is that k original bit information sets enters encoder that a length is arranged, wherein
The individual convolution coder bit that enters
By a code check be
Convolution coder be extended to the coded bit group that m coded bit formed, this m coded bit is used for selection
2 of system modulation signal collection
mOne of them subclass that height is concentrated, remaining
Individual straight-through bit is formed not block of coded bits, is used in this subclass
Select the TCM signal of one of them signaling point in the individual signaling point as final emission.When
The time, will occur in the grid chart of TCM sign indicating number
(the initial and state of termination that shifts branch's correspondence is same, is commonly referred in the parallel transfer of bar branch
The bar parallel route), this will cause the generation (corresponding with multiple error event Multiple Error Event) of single error incident (Single Error Event).Signaling point correspondence in the same subclass the TCM coding output signal point on a branch of parallel route.That is to say that m coded bit is all identical on the constellation mapping figure
Individual signaling point correspondence a branch of
TCM coding output signal point on the bar parallel route.
And the division principle of above-mentioned subclass (also making collection cut apart principle) has crucial meaning in the structure of TCM scheme.So-called collection is cut apart exactly a set of signals adjoining land is divided into less subclass, and makes the minimum Eustachian distance in the subclass after cutting apart obtain maximization.
Collection is cut apart formerly ought to follow following two principles:
1, in subclass at the same level, the signal that each subclass comprised is counted and Euclidean distance distributes and all should be consistent;
2, along with the cutting apart of subclass, in less subclass, the minimum Eustachian distance between the signaling point should increase step by step.When design TCM scheme, will have
The modulation signal collection Ω of individual signaling point
0Making the m level cuts apart.If the subclass Ω after cutting apart through the i level
iInterior minimum Eustachian distance is a Δ
i(i=0,1 ..., m) (when
The time, only comprise a signaling point in the m level subclass, this seasonal Δ
m=∞), Δ is arranged then
0＜Δ
1＜Δ
2＜Δ
m
After m level subset division was finished, m coded bit group of the signaling point correspondence of same subclass the inside was y
n 1Y
n mBe the same (we can say that also the same signaling point of m coded bit group is corresponding to same subclass), and in order to distinguish inside the same subclass
Individual signaling point, each signaling point correspondence
Individual not block of coded bits must be different.Corresponding to constellation mapping figure, m coded bit group is all identical
Individual signaling point belongs to same subclass, its correspondence
Individual not block of coded bits must be different.
On the constellation mapping figure, all subclass need meet collection and cut apart principle.
Fig. 2 is that schematic diagram is cut apart in the set of 16QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation quadrature amplitude modulation) signal point set.
The grid chart of TCM optimum code should be followed following essential structure principle:
1, all modulation signals should have the identical frequency of occurrences, and systematicness as much as possible and symmetry should be arranged.This principle shows that a good TCM sign indicating number should have the structure of rule, and this is because the TCM scheme is actually a kind of signal space to be made the scheme of optimal segmentation, and the modulation signal space is symmetrical, so the optimal segmentation scheme also should have systematicness and symmetry.
2, the respective signal that starts from the transfer branch of same state should belong to same subclass B after first order collection is cut apart
0Or B
1, this guarantees from distance between the different branches that same state separates more than or equal to Δ
1
3, the respective signal of the transfer branch of the same state of arrival should belong to same subclass B after first order collection is cut apart
0Or B
1, distance is more than or equal to Δ between the different branches of the same state of this assurance arrival
1
4, parallel route is corresponding to the subclass after cutting apart through m level collection.This will guarantee that distance between parallel route is more than or equal to Δ
m
For the TCM sign indicating number under the Wimax SCa, its code check and modulation system have: 1/2 16QAM, 3/416QAM, 2/3 64QAM, 5/6 64QAM, 3/4 256QAM, 7/8 256QAM.
Wherein used convolution coder is that a code check is 1/2, constraint length is (2,1,7) Binary Convolutional Code generator of 7.Its structure as shown in Figure 3.
The TCM sign indicating number of 5/6 64QAM, 7/8 256QAM need be to punch in 1/2 convolution coder back at code check, promptly a part of coded bit deletion, makes its code check become 3/4.Its punching pattern is X1Y1Y2X3, and bit punches behind promptly per 3 group codings, and first group is not had punching, destroys X for second group, destroys Y for the 3rd group.
Wherein as described below for the coding and the modulated process of the TCM sign indicating number of 2/3 64QAM, 5/6 64QAM, 3/4 256QAM, 7/8 256QAM.
2/3 64QAM TCM coder structure schematic diagram as shown in Figure 4.
It is that 2 original bit information sets u1u0 enters the TCM encoder that one length is arranged, and it is 1/2 convolution code that the TCM encoder section is used code check.The input sequence of u1u0 is that u1 arrives bit earlier, and u0 is that the back arrives bit.U1 is straight-through bit, and u0 carries out 1/2 convolutional encoding for entering the convolution coder bit, so just obtains the constellation index b5b4b3 of one group of 3 bit, is mapped to the I road, and is relevant with the coordinate on I road, and wherein b4b3 is the coded bit group, and b5 is block of coded bits not.Then have one group of original bit information sets u1u0 to be input to encoder again, produce the constellation index b2b1b0 of other one group of 3 bit, be mapped to the Q road, relevant with the coordinate on Q road, wherein b1b0 is the coded bit group, and b2 is block of coded bits not.Because it is per 4 outputs that input bit produces 6 bits, be 4/6 encoder so this encoder should be known as code check.
According to I road constellation index b5b4b3 that obtains and Q road constellation index b2b1b0, in existing 64QAM constellation mapping figure, determine signaling point, and as the final TCM signal of launching.Existing 64QAM constellation mapping figure as shown in Figure 5.Wherein the signaling point of the identical formation identical with Q road coded bit group b1b0 of I road coded bit group b4b3 is same subclass, be respectively (110 as I road and Q road, 001), (010,001), (110,101), (010,101) signaling point is same subclass, wherein I road coded bit group b4b3 is 10, Q road coded bit group b1b0 is 01, and for example I road and Q road are respectively (110,011), (010,011), (110,111), the signaling point of (010,111) is same subclass, and wherein I road coded bit group b4b3 is 10, Q road coded bit group b1b0 is 11, be not difficult to find that the mapping of the TCM coding output signal point on these two parallel routes (the TCM coding output signal point on the parallel route also is the signaling point in the same subclass) on the Q road is also inhomogeneous by these two subclass, this makes the Euclidean distance of call sign (also being the signaling point in the same subclass) that the long weak point that has also be arranged.I road and Q road are respectively (110,001), (010,001), (110,101), (010, the subclass of signaling point 101), its Euclidean distance is respectively (110,011), (010 than I road and Q road, 011), the subclass of the signaling point of (110,111), (010,111) is short.
5/6 64QAM TCM coder structure schematic diagram as shown in Figure 6.
It is that 5 original bit information sets u4u3u2u1u0 enters the TCM encoder that one length is arranged, and it is 3/4 convolution code (former 1/2 convolution code makes code check become 3/4 through punching) that the TCM encoder section is used code check.The input sequence of u4u3u2u1u0 is first arrival of u4, and u3 the second, and u2 the 3rd, and u1 the 4th, and u0 is last.U2u1u0 carries out 3/4 convolutional encoding, is output as c3c2c1c0, and order is c3 output earlier, and c2 the second, and c1 the 3rd, and c0 is last.Coded-bit u4 and coded bit c3c2 are not combined into the constellation index b5b4b3 of one group of 3 bit, are mapped to the I road, and wherein b4b3 is the coded bit group, and b5 is block of coded bits not.U3c1c0 is combined into the constellation index b2b1b0 of one group of 3 bit, is mapped to the Q road, and wherein b1b0 is the coded bit group, and b2 is block of coded bits not.
According to I road constellation index b5b4b3 that obtains and Q road constellation index b2b1b0, in existing 64QAM constellation mapping figure, determine signaling point, and as the final TCM signal of launching.Existing 64QAM constellation mapping figure as shown in Figure 5.
3/4 256QAM TCM coder structure schematic diagram as shown in Figure 7.
It is that 3 original bit information sets u2u1u0 enters the TCM encoder that one length is arranged, and it is 1/2 convolution code that the TCM encoder section is used code check.The input sequence of u2u1u0 is: first arrival of u2, and u1 the second, and u0 is last.U2u1 is straight-through bit, and u0 carries out 1/2 convolutional encoding, so just obtains the constellation index b7b6b5b4 of one group of 4 bit, is mapped to the I road, and is relevant with the coordinate on I road, and wherein b5b4 is the coded bit group, and b7b6 is block of coded bits not.Then have one group of original bit information sets u2u1u0 to be input to encoder again, produce the constellation index b3b2b1b0 of other one group of 4 bit, be mapped to the Q road, relevant with the coordinate on Q road, wherein b1b0 is the coded bit group, and b3b2 is block of coded bits not.Because it is per 6 outputs that input bit produces 8 bits, be 6/8 encoder so this encoder should be known as code check.
According to I road constellation index b7b6b5b4 that obtains and Q road constellation index b3b2b1b0, in existing 256QAM constellation mapping figure, determine signaling point, and as the final TCM signal of launching.Existing 256QAM constellation mapping figure as shown in Figure 8.
7/8 256QAM TCM coder structure schematic diagram as shown in Figure 9.
It is that 7 original bit information sets u6u5u4u3u2u1u0 enters the TCM encoder that one length is arranged, and it is 3/4 convolution code (former 1/2 convolution code makes code check become 3/4 through punching) that the TCM encoder section is used code check.The input sequence of u6u5u4u3u2u1u0 is first arrival of u6, and u5 the second, and u4 the 3rd, and u3 the 4th, and u2 the 5th, and u1 the 6th, and u0 is last.U2u1u0 carries out 3/4 convolutional encoding, is output as c3c2c1c0, and order is c3 output earlier, and c2 the second, and c1 the 3rd, and c0 is last.Block of coded bits u6u5 and coded bit group c3c2 are not combined into the constellation index b7b6b5b4 of one group of 4 bit, are mapped to the I road, and wherein b5b4 is the coded bit group, and b7b6 is block of coded bits not.U4u3c1c0 is combined into the constellation index b3b2b1b0 of one group of 4 bit, is mapped to the Q road, and wherein b1b0 is the coded bit group, and b3b2 is block of coded bits not.
According to I road constellation index b7b6b5b4 that obtains and Q road constellation index b3b2b1b0, in existing 256QAM constellation mapping figure, determine signaling point, and as the final TCM signal of launching.Existing 256QAM constellation mapping figure as shown in Figure 8.
The decode procedure of TCM sign indicating number is broadly divided into following two steps: subclass decoding (subset decoding); Soft-decision Viterbi decoding.
1. subclass decoding
At constellation mapping Fig. 2
mEach subclass of individual subclass
In the individual signaling point, find out signaling point with received signal symbol Euclidean distance minimum.
2. soft-decision Viterbi decoding
In the result of subclass decoding, obtain about 2
mThe soft-decision metrics value of individual coded bit group, metric are generally Euclidean distance or its linear transformation of the pairing subclass decoded signal point of each the coded bit group signaling point of receiving symbol Euclidean distance minimum (in this subclass with).With carrying out decoded operation in the above-mentioned soft-decision metrics value substitution Viterbi decoder, can obtain estimated value (decode results) to the original bit information sets.
The order of modulation of prior art is greater than 4 TCM sign indicating number, as 2/3 64QAM, 5/6 64QAM, 3/4256QAM, the TCM sign indicating number of 7/8 256QAM, important defective for they coding and modulated process in determine signaling point according to existing planisphere, determine the TCM signal of final emission, the TCM mapping of coding output signal point (also being the signaling point in the same subclass) on the Q road on each parallel route is also inhomogeneous, this makes that the Euclidean distance of the subclass that has on the Q road is long, the Euclidean distance of the subclass that has is short, the shortest is distance between the adjacent constellation point, shown in Figure 10 A, the coded bit group of four signaling points of mark is all identical, be the signaling point in the same subclass, the distance on the Q road of signaling point is 1 (supposing that the Euclidean distance between the adjacent signaling point is 1 among the constellation mapping figure) in its subclass.The distance on the Q road of signaling point is 7 in the another one subclass among the constellation mapping figure shown in Figure 10 B, its subclass.Contrast by Figure 10 A and Figure 10 B can find out that obviously the Euclidean distance of the subclass that has on the Q road is long, and the Euclidean distance of the subclass that has is short.Can make the overall performance variation of TCM sign indicating number.Decode procedure is deciphered according to existing planisphere, and for the short situation of Euclidean distance of the coding of the TCM on parallel route output signal point, the possibility that its decoding makes mistakes is big.And this modulation signal that does not also meet in the TCM optimum code structure principle described above should have systematicness as much as possible and symmetry.
Summary of the invention
Long for the Euclidean distance that solves the subclass that has on the Q road, the Euclidean distance of the subclass that has is short, and the shortest is distance between the adjacent constellation point, makes the problem of overall performance variation of TCM sign indicating number, and the embodiment of the invention provides the code modulating method of a kind of TCM, comprising:
Set up order of modulation greater than 4 square qam constellation figure constellation mapping figure as TCM, make the coded bit group that is mapped on described constellation mapping figure I road and Q road cycle repeated arrangement respectively on described I road and Q road, and the not block of coded bits corresponding with the coded bit group of cycle repeated arrangement each time differed from one another;
Obtain comprising the coded bit group and the constellation index of block of coded bits not according to the original bit information sets;
In described constellation mapping figure, determine the TCM signal of signaling point according to described constellation index as final emission.
The embodiment of the invention also provides the interpretation method of a kind of grid coding modulation code (TCM), comprising:
Set up order of modulation greater than 4 square qam constellation figure constellation mapping figure as TCM, make the coded bit group that is mapped on described constellation mapping figure I road and Q road cycle repeated arrangement respectively on described I road and Q road, and the not block of coded bits corresponding with the coded bit group of cycle repeated arrangement each time differed from one another;
Treat decoded signal according to described constellation mapping figure and carry out follow-up decoding processing.
For the Euclidean distance that solves the subclass that has on the Q road long, the Euclidean distance of the subclass that has is short, and the shortest is distance between the adjacent constellation point, makes the problem of overall performance variation of TCM sign indicating number, the embodiment of the invention also provides the coded modulation device of a kind of TCM simultaneously, comprising:
Memory module: be used to store order of modulation greater than 4 square qam constellation figure constellation mapping figure as TCM, be mapped in coded bit group on described constellation mapping figure I road and Q road cycle repeated arrangement respectively on described I road and Q road, the not block of coded bits corresponding with the coded bit group of cycle repeated arrangement each time differs from one another;
Constellation index acquisition module: be used for obtaining comprising the coded bit group and the constellation index of block of coded bits not according to the original bit information sets;
The TCM signal is confirmed module: be used for determining the TCM signal of signaling point as final emission according to described constellation index at described constellation mapping figure.
The embodiment of the invention also provides the code translator of a kind of grid coding modulation code (TCM), comprising:
Memory module: be used to store order of modulation greater than 4 square qam constellation figure constellation mapping figure as TCM, be mapped in coded bit group on described constellation mapping figure I road and Q road cycle repeated arrangement respectively on described I road and Q road, the not block of coded bits corresponding with the coded bit group of cycle repeated arrangement each time differs from one another;
Decoding module: be used for treating decoded signal and carry out follow-up decoding processing according to described constellation mapping figure.
The specific embodiments that is provided by the invention described above as can be seen, differ from one another just because of coded bit group cycle repeated arrangement and corresponding not block of coded bits, make the symbol of parallel route on constellation mapping figure, particularly mapping is even on the Q road, can not have the short situation of Euclidean distance of the TCM coding output signal point on the parallel route, make the overall performance of TCM sign indicating number get a promotion, what its decoding made mistakes may reduce.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a prior art TCM coded modulation structural representation;
Fig. 2 is cut apart schematic diagram for prior art 16QAM collection;
Fig. 3 is 1/2 convolution coder structural representation for the prior art code check;
Fig. 4 is prior art 2/3 a 64QAM TCM coder structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the 64QAM constellation mapping figure of prior art TCM;
Fig. 6 is a prior art 5/664QAM TCM coder structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is a prior art 3/4256QAM TCM coder structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is the 256QAM constellation mapping figure of prior art TCM;
Fig. 9 is a prior art 7/8256QAM TCM coder structure schematic diagram;
Figure 10 A prior art parallel route is apart from schematic diagram;
Figure 10 B prior art parallel route is apart from schematic diagram;
The method flow diagram that Figure 11 provides for first embodiment of the invention;
The 64QAM constellation mapping figure of the TCM that Figure 12 A provides for first embodiment of the invention;
The 64QAM constellation mapping figure of the TCM that Figure 12 B provides for first embodiment of the invention;
The 64QAM constellation mapping figure of the TCM that Figure 12 C provides for first embodiment of the invention;
The 256QAM constellation mapping figure of the TCM that Figure 13 A provides for first embodiment of the invention;
The 256QAM constellation mapping figure of the TCM that Figure 13 B provides for first embodiment of the invention;
Determine the schematic diagram of the signaling point of Euclidean distance minimum during decoding that Figure 14 provides for second embodiment of the invention;
Figure 15 compares schematic diagram for the 2/364QAM TCM sign indicating number BER simulation result that the embodiment of the invention provides;
Figure 16 compares schematic diagram for the 5/664QAM TCM sign indicating number BER simulation result that the embodiment of the invention provides;
Figure 17 compares schematic diagram for the 3/4256QAM TCM sign indicating number BER simulation result that the embodiment of the invention provides;
Figure 18 compares schematic diagram for the 7/8256QAM TCM sign indicating number BER simulation result that the embodiment of the invention provides;
The apparatus structure schematic diagram that Figure 19 provides for third embodiment of the invention;
The apparatus structure schematic diagram that Figure 20 provides for fourth embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
The preferred modulation mapping mode of 2/364QAM, the 5/664QAM that the embodiment of the invention proposes, the TCM coding structure of 3/4256QAM, 7/8256QAM is not to have only unique a kind ofly, but satisfies the set of the modulation mapping mode of certain mapping ruler.Below this mapping ruler is described.
The bit number of the coded bit group of the TCM sign indicating number of 2/364QAM, 5/664QAM, 3/4256QAM, 7/8256QAM all is 4 (the coded bit group refers to through the one or more output bits after the convolutional encoding) in the prior art, be mapped to I road and Q road on the planisphere respectively, 2 bits are shone upon on each road respectively.If order of modulation is M, then the bit number of block of coded bits is not that (M-4) is individual, is mapped in the every bit number on the way of I/Q respectively and is (M-4)/2 (block of coded bits does not refer to straight-through bit, without one or more output bits of convolutional encoding).
Need satisfy the characteristic that the cycle repeats for the sequence that is mapped in the every coded bit group on the way of I/Q.And for the coded bit group that repeats, pairing not block of coded bits needs different.The order of block of coded bits does not have specific (special) requirements.
This rule has guaranteed that the mapping of TCM coding output signal point on I road and Q road on the parallel route is symmetrically, and meets the maximized principle of Euclidean distance between the TCM coding output signal point on the parallel route.
The coded bit group sequence that is mapped in I road and Q road need satisfy the rule of Gray code mapping respectively, and promptly behind any two adjacent encoders in the sequence between the bit group, it is inequality having only a bit.
First embodiment provided by the invention is the code modulating method of a kind of grid coding modulation code (TCM), and method flow comprises as shown in figure 11:
Step 101: the constellation mapping figure that sets up 5/664QAM TCM is shown in Figure 12 A, and 4 bits of the coded bit group among the constellation mapping figure are mapped to the b4b3 on I road and the b1b0 on Q road respectively, and the combination one of b4b3 or b1b0 has 2
2=4 kinds, so the cycle that every coded bit sequence on the way repeats is 4.2 not coded-bit be mapped to the b5 on I road and the b2 on Q road respectively.For the b4b3 that repeats, the value of b5 needs different.In like manner, for the b1b0 that repeats, the value of b2 also needs different.Preferred mapping mode wherein as described below.
I/Q road coordinate figure 7A 5A 3A A-A-3A-5A-7A (A is the planisphere power normalization factor)
I road b4b3 10 00 01 11 10 00 01 11
I road b5 00001111 (also can be 01101001, no particular order requires)
Q road b2 00001111 (also can be 00111100, no particular order requires)
Step 102: receive an original bit information sets " 10011 " (corresponding u4u3u2u1u0 respectively) and enter 5/6 64QAM TCM encoder.The input sequence of " 10011 " is first " 1 " first arrival, first " 0 " second arrival, and second " 0 " the 3rd arrival, second " 1 " the 4th arrival, the 3rd " 1 " arrives at last.
Step 103:TCM encoder is to obtaining comprising the coded bit group and the constellation index of block of coded bits not behind original bit information sets " 10011 " coding.TCM encoder section use code check is 3/4 convolution code (former 1/2 convolution code makes code check become 3/4 through punching)." 011 " is carried out 3/4 convolutional encoding, be 0, then be output as " 1110 " (corresponding respectively to c3c2c1c0) as 6 register initial values of convolution coder, order is first " 1 " output earlier, second " 1 " the second, the three " 1 " the 3rd, " 0 " is last.Not block of coded bits " 1 " (u4) (c3c2) be combined into one group of 3 bit with coded bit group " 11 " constellation index " 111 " (b5b4b3), be mapped to the I road, wherein latter two " 1 " is the coded bit group (b4b3), and first " 1 " (b5) is block of coded bits not.The constellation index " 010 " that " 010 " (u3c1c0) is combined into one group of 3 bit (b2b1b0) is mapped to the Q road, and wherein two bits in back " 10 " are the coded bit group (b1b0), and first " 0 " (b2) is block of coded bits not.
Step 104: according to I road constellation index " 111 " that obtains and Q road constellation index " 010 ", step 101 set up determine among the constellation mapping figure (shown in Figure 12 A) of 5/6 64QAM TCM I road coordinate for-7, Q road coordinate is 3 signaling points, and with this signaling point as the TCM signal of finally launching.
According to know-why described above, the constellation mapping figure that can also obtain 5/6 64QAM TCM equally is shown in Figure 12 B and Figure 12 C, this constellation mapping figure that 5/6 64QAM TCM is described is also not exclusive a kind of, but satisfies the set of know-why described above.
According to know-why described above, can also obtain the constellation mapping figure of 3/4 256QAM, 7/8 256QAM equally, and determine the TCM signal of final emission, just repeated no more here.Constellation mapping figure in the preferred version of 256QAM as shown in FIG. 13A, unique a kind of shown in neither Figure 13 A of the constellation mapping figure of same 256QAM can also be the set of satisfying know-why described above shown in Figure 13 B.
Technical scheme described in the embodiment of the invention makes signaling point in the same subclass on constellation mapping figure, particularly mapping is even on the Q road, the minimum Eustachian distance of the signaling point in the same subclass is 4 greater than minimum Eustachian distance 1 of the prior art, and the overall performance of TCM sign indicating number gets a promotion.
Second embodiment provided by the invention is the interpretation method of a kind of grid coding modulation code (TCM), is example with 5/6 64QAM TCM sign indicating number, comprising:
Step 201: set up the constellation mapping figure of 5/6 64QAM TCM, shown in Figure 12 A, concrete scheme is identical with step 101.
After setting up constellation mapping figure according to step 201,, utilize prior art to treat decoded signal and carry out follow-up decoding and handle, can adopt subclass decoding and soft-decision Viterbi to decipher as preferred decoding processing scheme according to this planisphere.
Step 202: subclass decoding, in 4 signaling points of each subclass of constellation mapping Figure 16 the subclass of Figure 12 A, find out signaling point with receiving symbol Euclidean distance minimum.Determine during decoding the Euclidean distance minimum signaling point schematic diagram as shown in figure 14, circle is the received signal points position, coded bit group " 0000 " (b4b3b1b0) pairing subclass is four signaling points among Figure 14, and then upper left signaling point is the subclass decode results.
Step 203: soft-decision Viterbi decoding in the result of subclass decoding, obtains Euclidean distance about 16 coded bit groups as its soft-decision metrics value.With carrying out decoded operation in the above-mentioned soft-decision metrics value substitution Viterbi decoder, can obtain estimated value (decode results) to the original bit information sets.
The know-why of the decode procedure of 2/3 64QAM, 3/4 256QAM, 7/8 256QAMTCM sign indicating number is identical with the decode procedure of 5/6 64QAM TCM sign indicating number described above, has just repeated no more here.
Decode procedure is deciphered according to the planisphere that the embodiment of the invention provides, make signaling point in the same subclass on constellation mapping figure, particularly mapping is even on the Q road, the minimum Eustachian distance of the signaling point in the same subclass is 4 greater than minimum Eustachian distance 1 of the prior art, the minimum Eustachian distance of the TCM coding output signal point on the parallel route is greater than the minimum Eustachian distance of prior art, under certain signal to noise ratio, its decoding probability of errors is less than the decoding probability of errors of prior art, and the overall performance of TCM sign indicating number gets a promotion.
TCM sign indicating number described in the embodiment of the invention is applicable to the TCM sign indicating number under the Wimax SCa, 0 scheme as its improvement.Also used the communication system of this TCM sign indicating number applicable to other.
The comparison of the BER of 2/3 64QAM that defines in the prior art, 5/6 64QAM, 3/4 256QAM, 7/8 256QAMTCM sign indicating number and the described preferred TCM sign indicating number of the embodiment of the invention (bit error rate bit error rate) simulation result such as Figure 15, Figure 16, Figure 17, shown in Figure 180.Wherein Wimax represents the TCM sign indicating number that defines in the Wimax agreement, and MY represents the described preferred TCM sign indicating number of the embodiment of the invention, and channel is an awgn channel, Es/Nt be the code element energy with unit bandwidth in the ratio of noise power, that is Normalized Signal/Noise Ratio.
As seen, be compared to 2/3 64QAM, 5/6 64QAM, 3/4256QAM, the 7/8 256QAM TCM sign indicating number that define in the former Wimax agreement, the performance of the described preferred TCM sign indicating number of the embodiment of the invention is significantly improved.At BER=10
-6There is the gain of 5dB～9dB at the place.As seen, under identical signal to noise ratio, the described technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention compared with prior art, the overall performance of TCM sign indicating number gets a promotion.
And the designed TCM sign indicating number of the embodiment of the invention can to keep the coded portion structure of TCM sign indicating number of former Wimax protocol definition constant, only need to change a constellation mapping figure and can obtain obvious gain, compatible good with former agreement.
The coded modulation device that the 3rd embodiment provided by the invention is a kind of TCM, its structure comprises as shown in figure 19:
Memory module 301: be used to store order of modulation greater than 4 square qam constellation figure constellation mapping figure as TCM, be mapped in coded bit group on described constellation mapping figure I road and Q road cycle repeated arrangement respectively on described I road and Q road, the not block of coded bits corresponding with the coded bit group of cycle repeated arrangement each time differs from one another;
Constellation index acquisition module 302: be used for obtaining comprising the coded bit group and the constellation index of block of coded bits not according to the original bit information sets;
The TCM signal is confirmed module 303: be used for determining the TCM signal of signaling point as final emission according to described constellation index at described constellation mapping figure.
The 3rd embodiment provided by the invention is the code translator of a kind of grid coding modulation code (TCM), and its structure comprises as shown in figure 20:
Memory module 401: be used to store order of modulation greater than 4 square qam constellation figure constellation mapping figure as TCM, be mapped in coded bit group on described constellation mapping figure I road and Q road cycle repeated arrangement respectively on described I road and Q road, the not block of coded bits corresponding with the coded bit group of cycle repeated arrangement each time differs from one another;
Decoding module 402: be used for treating decoded signal and carry out follow-up decoding processing according to described constellation mapping figure.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification to the present invention and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if of the present invention these are revised and modification belongs within the scope of claim of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention also is intended to comprise these changes and modification interior.
Claims (12)
1. the code modulating method of a grid coding modulation code is characterized in that, comprising:
Set up order of modulation greater than 4 square qam constellation figure constellation mapping figure as grid coding modulation code, make the coded bit group that is mapped on described constellation mapping figure I road and Q road cycle repeated arrangement respectively on described I road and Q road, and the not block of coded bits corresponding with the coded bit group of cycle repeated arrangement each time differed from one another;
Obtain comprising the coded bit group and the constellation index of block of coded bits not according to the original bit information sets;
In described constellation mapping figure, determine the grid coding modulation code signal of signaling point according to described constellation index as final emission.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, behind any two adjacent encoders on described constellation mapping figure I road or the Q road between the bit group, has only a bit difference.
3. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described constellation mapping figure comprises the 64QAM constellation mapping figure of grid coding modulation code.
4. method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, adopting code check is that 2/3 64QAM grid coding modulation code encoder is handled the original bit information sets, obtains comprising the described coded bit group and the constellation index of block of coded bits not, or
Adopting code check is that 5/6 64QAM grid coding modulation code encoder is handled the original bit information sets, obtains comprising the coded bit group and the constellation index of block of coded bits not.
5. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described constellation mapping figure comprises the 256QAM constellation mapping figure of grid coding modulation code.
6. method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, adopting code check is that 3/4 256QAM grid coding modulation code encoder is handled the original bit information sets, obtains comprising the described coded bit group and the constellation index of block of coded bits not, or
Adopting code check is that 7/8 256QAM grid coding modulation code encoder is handled the original bit information sets, obtains comprising the described coded bit group and the constellation index of block of coded bits not.
7. the interpretation method of a grid coding modulation code is characterized in that, comprising:
Set up order of modulation greater than 4 square qam constellation figure constellation mapping figure as grid coding modulation code, make the coded bit group that is mapped on described constellation mapping figure I road and Q road cycle repeated arrangement respectively on described I road and Q road, and the not block of coded bits corresponding with the coded bit group of cycle repeated arrangement each time differed from one another;
Treat decoded signal according to described constellation mapping figure and carry out follow-up decoding processing.
8. method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, behind any two adjacent encoders on constellation mapping figure I road or the Q road between the bit group, has only a bit difference.
9. method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, the constellation mapping figure of described grid coding modulation code comprises the 64QAM constellation mapping figure of grid coding modulation code.
10. method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, the constellation mapping figure of described grid coding modulation code comprises the 256QAM constellation mapping figure of grid coding modulation code.
11. the coded modulation device of a grid coding modulation code is characterized in that, comprising:
Memory module: be used to store order of modulation greater than 4 square qam constellation figure constellation mapping figure as grid coding modulation code, be mapped in coded bit group on described constellation mapping figure I road and Q road cycle repeated arrangement respectively on described I road and Q road, the not block of coded bits corresponding with the coded bit group of cycle repeated arrangement each time differs from one another;
Constellation index acquisition module: be used for obtaining comprising the coded bit group and the constellation index of block of coded bits not according to the original bit information sets;
The grid coding modulation code signal is confirmed module: be used for determining the grid coding modulation code signal of signaling point as final emission according to described constellation index at described constellation mapping figure.
12. the code translator of a grid coding modulation code is characterized in that, comprising:
Memory module: be used to store order of modulation greater than 4 square qam constellation figure constellation mapping figure as grid coding modulation code, be mapped in coded bit group on described constellation mapping figure I road and Q road cycle repeated arrangement respectively on described I road and Q road, the not block of coded bits corresponding with the coded bit group of cycle repeated arrangement each time differs from one another;
Decoding module: be used for treating decoded signal and carry out follow-up decoding processing according to described constellation mapping figure.
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| PCT/CN2008/071349 WO2009006812A1 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2008-06-18 | Encoding modulation method,decoding method and apparatus of trellis coded modulation code |
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