CN116405120A - CSK coding method based on symbol sequence - Google Patents

CSK coding method based on symbol sequence Download PDF

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CN116405120A
CN116405120A CN202310314878.1A CN202310314878A CN116405120A CN 116405120 A CN116405120 A CN 116405120A CN 202310314878 A CN202310314878 A CN 202310314878A CN 116405120 A CN116405120 A CN 116405120A
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李宗艳
雷小茜
盛海鸿
孙政
何淩燕
李世银
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
    • H04B10/114—Indoor or close-range type systems
    • H04B10/116—Visible light communication
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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Abstract

The invention discloses a CSK coding method based on a symbol sequence, which comprises the following specific steps: constructing a non-second power CSK constellation of color intensity joint keying in a 3D light intensity space, acquiring coordinates of the CSK constellation, forming a 5-CSK constellation symbol set, and carrying out subset division on the 5-CSK constellation symbol set based on constraint conditions of a subset division method; based on the constellation structure, a state transition grid structure is designed, a coding method based on a symbol data rate is provided, a corresponding grid coding structure is constructed, then a state splitting method is introduced, a state transition diagram of a finite state machine and the corresponding grid coding structure are redesigned, a soft Viterbi decoding algorithm is used for decoding the constructed network coding scheme, and based on the grid coding structure, BER performance of signal transmission is improved, and transmission reliability of visible light signals is improved.

Description

CSK coding method based on symbol sequence
Technical Field
The invention relates to a color shift keying coding scheme for visible light communication, in particular to a CSK coding method based on a symbol sequence.
Background
The demand for wireless communication services continues to grow, resulting in a large demand for the radio spectrum. In this environment, visible light communication VLC (Visible Light Communication ) is a research hot spot in the communication industry due to its abundant spectrum resources, and VLC is a communication technology that loads information on light and transmits the information by utilizing the flickering of a light emitting diode.
CSK (Color-Shift Keying) is paid attention as a unique modulation mode based on RGB LEDs in VLC systems, the LEDs synthesize white light and other colors by controlling the proportion, and fluorescent powder is not used, so that the state switching speed of the CSK can be very high, and the transmission rate of the CSK has good performance.
It should be noted that, when the conventional CSK constellation modulation is used for encoding, the error rate is high, the influence of white noise on the channel is large, and further improvement is needed to reduce the influence of white noise on the channel, so how to reduce the error rate of the CSK constellation modulation is one of the important subjects in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: the CSK coding method based on the symbol sequence reduces the error rate of the CSK constellation through a new CSK constellation design and coding mode.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a CSK coding method based on a symbol sequence, comprising the steps of:
s1, constructing a non-quadratic power CSK constellation of color intensity joint keying in a 3D light intensity space, acquiring coordinates of the CSK constellation, forming a 5-CSK constellation symbol set, and selecting constellation point coordinates as follows 1 (0，0，0)，s 2 (0，0，1)，s 3 (0，1，0)，s 4 (1，0，0)，s 5 (1/3，1/3，1/3)；
S2, carrying out subset division on the 5-CSK constellation symbol set based on constraint conditions of a subset division method, wherein the state number N=M-2 of the grid coding structure of the 5-CSK constellation m +1, where M is the total number of selected symbol sequences and M is each symbol sequenceThe minimum value of N is 2;
s3, constructing a 5-CSK grid coding structure with the number of symbols being 1 and the number of states being 2;
s4, constructing a 5-CSK grid coding structure with the number of symbols being 2 and the number of states being 2;
s5, constructing a high coding gain 5-CSK coding method with the state number of 4 by using a state splitting method;
s6, based on the construction of the 5-CSK-FSM with the state number of 2 and the state number of 4, the soft Viterbi decoding algorithm is utilized to demodulate and decode the 5-CSK code.
Further, the step S2 includes the following sub-steps:
s201, the subset dividing method corresponds to two constraint conditions:
(a) Any subset of symbols S 5 (α) all satisfy the white light constraint;
(b) Minimum Euclidean distance for any subset of symbols
Figure BDA0004149956270000021
Minimum Euclidean distance of constellation symbols greater than 5-CSK
Figure BDA0004149956270000022
The following formula is defined:
Figure BDA0004149956270000023
wherein, K is greater than or equal to 0, T avg ＝[1/3,1/3,1/3] T ，α∈{1,2，…}；
S202, carrying out subset division on the symbol set of the 5-CSK constellation according to a subset division method, analyzing the symbol subset, verifying that the symbol subset meets two constraint conditions corresponding to subset division, and obtaining the divided symbol subset as follows:
Figure BDA0004149956270000024
wherein S is 17 Represent S 17 (1)、S 17 (2)、S 17 (3)、S 17 (4) A total of 17 symbol sequence combinations.
Further, the step S3 includes the following sub-steps:
s301, designing a 5-CSK transition grid structure with the symbol number of 1 and the state number of 2 according to the division of symbol subsets, wherein the data rate R=2 bits/symbol,
s302, determining a mapping relation between input data information and a symbol sequence in a code according to a 5-CSK transition grid structure with the number of symbols being 1 and the number of states being 2: state ST 1 And state ST 2 The input data information is S 5 (2) State ST 1 And state ST 2 Respectively making symbol subsets S 5 (1) And symbol subset S 5 (3) Based on the cyclic relationship, a mapping relationship between the input data information and the symbol sequence in the code is determined.
Further, the step S4 includes the following sub-steps:
s401, designing a 5-CSK transition grid coding structure with the data rate of R=4 bits/2 symbols and the number of symbols being 2 and the number of states being 2 according to the division of symbol subsets,
s402, determining a mapping relation between input data information and a symbol sequence in a code according to a code state transition grid coding structure of the 5-CSK: 5-CSK transition trellis coded structure with 2 states based on symbol number, ST 1 And state ST 2 The input data information is S 17 (2) And S is 17 (3) State ST 1 And state ST 2 Respectively making symbol subsets S 17 (1) And symbol subset S 17 (4) Based on the cyclic relationship, a mapping relationship between the input data information and the symbol sequence in the code is determined.
Further, the step S5 includes the following sub-steps:
s501, designing a 5-CSK transition grid structure with the data rate of R=4 bits/2 symbols and the number of symbols being 2 and the number of states being 4 according to the division of symbol subsets, and meeting d 4,min ＞d 2,min ，
S502, 5-CSK conversion with 2 state numbers and 4 state numbersAnd (3) shifting the grid structure, and determining the mapping relation between the input data information and the symbol sequence in the code: state ST according to a 5-CSK transition trellis with a number of symbols of 2 and a number of states of 4 11 Sum state ST 12 Proceeding to the symbol subset S 17 (1) Self-circulation of state ST 21 Sum state ST 22 Proceeding to the symbol subset S 17 (4) Is to sequentially perform symbol subsets S between four states 17 (3) Is a subset S of symbols 17 (2) Cross-loop in state ST 11 State ST 22 Sum state ST 21 State ST 12 And determining the mapping relation between the input data information and the symbol sequence in the code based on the cyclic relation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
compared with the traditional CSK constellation structure design, the invention constructs a non-second power CSK constellation of color intensity keying in a 3D light intensity space, considers a simple 5-CSK constellation design, constructs three grid coding structures with different symbol numbers of 2 states and 4 states based on the constellation structure, effectively improves BER performance of signal transmission by using a soft Viterbi decoding algorithm, and improves transmission reliability of network coding modulation.
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Fig. 1 is a diagram of a symbol sequence based 5-CSK constellation according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a 2-state transition structure diagram with the number of 5-CSK symbols being 1 based on a symbol sequence according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a 2-state transition structure diagram of a symbol sequence based 5-CSK symbol number 2 according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a diagram showing a 4-state transition structure with a number of symbols 2 of 5-CSK based on symbol sequences according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the comparison between the 2-trellis encoded structure and the common CSK simulation performance of the 2-state and 4-state 5-CSK symbols according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the technical content of the present invention, specific examples are set forth below, along with the accompanying drawings.
Aspects of the invention are described herein with reference to the drawings, in which there are shown many illustrative embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the embodiments described in the drawings. It is to be understood that this invention is capable of being carried out by any of the various concepts and embodiments described above and as such described in detail below, since the disclosed concepts and embodiments are not limited to any implementation. Additionally, some aspects of the disclosure may be used alone or in any suitable combination with other aspects of the disclosure.
The invention provides a CSK code scheme based on a symbol sequence, which comprises the following steps:
s1, constructing a non-quadratic power CSK constellation of color intensity joint keying in a 3D light intensity space, acquiring coordinates of the CSK constellation, and forming a 5-CSK constellation symbol set; as shown in fig. 1, the constellation point coordinates are selected as follows 1 (0，0，0)，s 2 (0，0，1)，s 3 (0，1，0)，s 4 (1，0，0)，s 5 (1/3，1/3，1/3)；
S2, carrying out subset division on the 5-CSK constellation symbol set based on constraint conditions of a subset division method, wherein the state number N=M-2 of the grid coding structure of the 5-CSK constellation m +1, wherein M is the total number of selected symbol sequences, M is the number of data information bits corresponding to each symbol sequence, and the minimum value of N is 2;
s201, the subset dividing method corresponds to two constraint conditions:
(a) Any subset of symbols S 5 (α) all satisfy the white light constraint;
(b) Minimum Euclidean distance for any subset of symbols
Figure BDA0004149956270000041
Minimum Euclidean distance of constellation symbols greater than 5-CSK
Figure BDA0004149956270000042
The following formula is defined:
Figure BDA0004149956270000043
wherein, K is greater than or equal to 0, T avg ＝[1/3,1/3,1/3] T ，α∈{1,2，…}；
S202, carrying out subset division on the symbol set of the 5-CSK constellation according to a subset division method, analyzing the symbol subset, verifying that the symbol subset meets two constraint conditions corresponding to subset division, and obtaining the divided symbol subset as follows:
Figure BDA0004149956270000044
wherein S is 17 Represent S 17 (1)、S 17 (2)、S 17 (3)、S 17 (4) A total of 17 symbol sequence combinations.
S3, constructing a 5-CSK grid coding structure with the number of symbols being 1 and the number of states being 2; the method specifically comprises the following substeps:
s301, according to the division of symbol subsets, as shown in fig. 2, designing a transition trellis structure with a data rate r=2 bits/symbol, a state number of 5-CSK codes with a symbol number of 1 of 2,
s302, determining a mapping relation between input data information and a symbol sequence in a code according to a code state transition grid coding structure of 5-CSK: state ST 1 And state ST 2 The input data information is S 5 (2) State ST 1 And state ST 2 Respectively making symbol subsets S 5 (1) And symbol subset S 5 (3) Based on the cyclic relationship, a mapping relationship between the input data information and the symbol sequence in the code is determined.
S4, constructing a 5-CSK grid coding structure with the number of symbols being 2 and the number of states being 2. The method specifically comprises the following substeps:
s401, according to the symbol subset division, as shown in fig. 3, a transition trellis structure with a data rate r=4 bits/2 symbols and a number of 5-CSK symbols of 2 code states of 2 is designed,
s402, code state transition according to 5-CSKThe grid coding structure determines the mapping relation between the input data information and the symbol sequence in the code: according to the 5-CSK transition grid structure with symbol number of 2 codes and state number of 2, state ST 1 And state ST 2 The input data information is S 17 (2) And S is 17 (3) State ST 1 And state ST 2 Respectively making symbol subsets S 17 (1) And symbol subset S 17 (4) Based on the cyclic relationship, a mapping relationship between the input data information and the symbol sequence in the code is determined.
S5, constructing a high coding gain 5-CSK coding method with the state number of 4 by using a state splitting method; the method specifically comprises the following substeps:
s501, according to the division of symbol subsets, as shown in fig. 4, a transfer grid structure of 5-CSK with the data rate R=4 bits/2 symbols and the number of symbols being 2 and the number of states being 4 is designed to satisfy d 4,min ＞d 2,min ，
S502, determining a mapping relation between input data information and a symbol sequence in a code according to a transfer grid structure of 5-CSK with the number of symbols being 2 and the number of states being 4: 5-CSK transition trellis structure with symbol number of 2 codes and state number of 4, state ST 11 Sum state ST 12 Proceeding to the symbol subset S 17 (1) Self-circulation of state ST 21 Sum state ST 22 Proceeding to the symbol subset S 17 (4) Is to sequentially perform symbol subsets S between four states 17 (3) Is a subset S of symbols 17 (2) Cross-loop in state ST 11 State ST 22 Sum state ST 21 State ST 12 And determining the mapping relation between the input data information and the symbol sequence in the code based on the cyclic relation.
S6, based on the construction of the 5-CSK-FSM with the state number of 2 and the state number of 4, the soft Viterbi decoding algorithm is utilized to demodulate and decode the 5-CSK code.
As shown in FIG. 5, the 5-CSK trellis coded structure with 1-packing number of 2 symbols and 2-state number of 4 symbols is compared with the common CSK simulation performance. Aiming at the coding characteristics of color shift keying, the invention provides a CSK code scheme based on a symbol sequence, maximizes the minimum Euclidean distance between constellation points, constructs a three-dimensional space constellation point design, considers the constraint condition corresponding to a subset dividing method, and performs subset division on 5-CSK constellation points when the number of symbols is 2; according to the 5-CSK constellation, a 2-grid coding structure with the state number is constructed, a state splitting method is introduced, a high coding gain coding scheme under the state of 4 is constructed, the network coding structure is simulated, and the bit error rate performance is greatly improved.
While the invention has been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limiting. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. A CSK coding method based on a symbol sequence, comprising the steps of:
s1, constructing a non-quadratic power CSK constellation of color intensity joint keying in a 3D light intensity space, acquiring coordinates of the CSK constellation, forming a 5-CSK constellation symbol set, and selecting constellation point coordinates as follows 1 (0，0，0)，s 2 (0，0，1)，s 3 (0，1，0)，s 4 (1，0，0)，s 5 (1/3，1/3，1/3)；
S2, carrying out subset division on the 5-CSK constellation symbol set based on constraint conditions of a subset division method, wherein the state number N=M-2 of the grid coding structure of the 5-CSK constellation m +1, wherein M is the total number of selected symbol sequences, M is the number of data information bits corresponding to each symbol sequence, and the minimum value of N is 2;
s3, constructing a 5-CSK grid coding structure with the number of symbols being 1 and the number of states being 2;
s4, constructing a 5-CSK grid coding structure with the number of symbols being 2 and the number of states being 2;
s5, constructing a high coding gain 5-CSK coding method with the state number of 4 by using a state splitting method;
s6, based on the construction of the 5-CSK-FSM with the state number of 2 and the state number of 4, the soft Viterbi decoding algorithm is utilized to demodulate and decode the 5-CSK code.
2. The CSK coding method according to claim 1, wherein step S2 comprises the sub-steps of:
s201, the subset dividing method corresponds to two constraint conditions:
(a) Any subset of symbols S 5 (α) all satisfy the white light constraint;
(b) Minimum Euclidean distance for any subset of symbols
Figure FDA0004149956260000011
Minimum Euclidean distance +.A > greater than 5-CSK constellation symbol>
Figure FDA0004149956260000012
The following formula is defined:
Figure FDA0004149956260000013
wherein, K is greater than or equal to 0, T avg ＝[1/3，1/3，1/3] T ，α∈{1，2，...}；
S202, carrying out subset division on the symbol set of the 5-CSK constellation according to a subset division method, analyzing the symbol subset, verifying that the symbol subset meets two constraint conditions corresponding to subset division, and obtaining the divided symbol subset as follows:
Figure FDA0004149956260000014
wherein S is 1７ Represent S 17 (1)、S 17 (2)、S 17 (3)、S 17 (4) A total of 17 symbol sequence combinations.
3. The CSK coding method according to claim 2, wherein step S3 comprises the sub-steps of:
s301, designing a 5-CSK transition grid structure with the symbol number of 1 and the state number of 2 according to the division of symbol subsets, wherein the data rate R=2 bits/symbol,
s302, determining a mapping relation between input data information and a symbol sequence in a code according to a 5-CSK transition grid structure with the number of symbols being 1 and the number of states being 2: state ST 1 And state ST 2 The input data information is S 5 (2) State ST 1 And state ST 2 Respectively making symbol subsets S 5 (1) And symbol subset S 5 (3) Based on the cyclic relationship, a mapping relationship between the input data information and the symbol sequence in the code is determined.
4. A CSK coding method according to claim 3, characterized in that step S4 comprises the following sub-steps:
s401, designing a 5-CSK transition grid coding structure with the data rate of R=4 bits/2 symbols and the number of symbols being 2 and the number of states being 2 according to the division of symbol subsets,
s402, determining a mapping relation between input data information and a symbol sequence in a code according to a code state transition grid coding structure of the 5-CSK: 5-CSK transition trellis coded structure with 2 states based on symbol number, ST 1 And state ST 2 The input data information is S 17 (2) And S is 17 (3) State ST 1 And state ST 2 Respectively making symbol subsets S 17 (1) And symbol subset S 17 (4) Based on the cyclic relationship, a mapping relationship between the input data information and the symbol sequence in the code is determined.
5. The method for symbol sequence based CSK coding according to claim 4, wherein step S5 comprises the sub-steps of:
s501, designing a 5-CSK transition grid structure with the data rate of R=4 bits/2 symbols and the number of symbols being 2 and the number of states being 4 according to the division of symbol subsets, and meeting d 4，min ＞d 2，min ，
S502, 5-CSK transition grid node with 2 state numbers and 4 state numbersDetermining the mapping relation between the input data information and the symbol sequence in the code: state ST according to a 5-CSK transition trellis with a number of symbols of 2 and a number of states of 4 11 Sum state ST 12 Proceeding to the symbol subset S 17 (1) Self-circulation of state ST 21 Sum state ST 22 Proceeding to the symbol subset S 17 (4) Is to sequentially perform symbol subsets S between four states 17 (3) Is a subset S of symbols 17 (2) Cross-loop in state ST 11 State ST 22 Sum state ST 21 State ST 12 And determining the mapping relation between the input data information and the symbol sequence in the code based on the cyclic relation.
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