CN101113884A - Portable universal large diameter measuring gage used for greatness diameter measurement and measurement method thereof - Google Patents
Portable universal large diameter measuring gage used for greatness diameter measurement and measurement method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101113884A CN101113884A CNA2007100249974A CN200710024997A CN101113884A CN 101113884 A CN101113884 A CN 101113884A CN A2007100249974 A CNA2007100249974 A CN A2007100249974A CN 200710024997 A CN200710024997 A CN 200710024997A CN 101113884 A CN101113884 A CN 101113884A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a general portable large diameter measuring gauge and a method in particular to huge diameter measuring device and method with high accuracy and significantly improved measurement efficiency. The measuring gauge consists of a series of independent measuring units (1) and an inside micrometer (2) with a V-shaped gauge button. Each measuring unit (1) comprises a thing-in-itself (13), a front positioning component (11), a back positioning component (12), a plurality of same fixing mechanisms (14) with permanent magnets (1411), two same auxiliary positioning mechanisms (15) and an auxiliary supporting mechanism (16) comprising an auxiliary supporting component (161) which can be moved and locked for the measuring unit (1) with longer length. The inside micrometer (2) with a V-shaped gauge button is constituted by a common inside micrometer and a lengthening bar (23) linked to the common inside micrometer with a V-shaped measuring button (232) at one end.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is device and the measuring method thereof that a kind of efficient that is used for the diameters high-acruracy survey significantly improves, and relates to the technical field of linear measure longimetry.
Technical background
The diameters measurement is the work of a difficulty.The measurement mechanism and the method for a kind of major diameter (comprising diameters) are provided based on the portable general major-diameter measuring gauge (hereinafter being referred to as present portable general major-diameter measuring gauge) of Chinese patent (patent No. 96117113.8) and United States Patent (USP) (patent No. 6330753B1).This portable general major-diameter measuring gauge is made up of a series of separate measuring units, and each measuring unit is made up of two setting elements, a fixed mechanism, a body and some annexes.Two measuring units are positioned at the two ends of body, are respectively a spheroid (or a right cylinder) and a right cylinder (or a spheroid).Fixed mechanism then is a permanent magnet or the built-in permanent magnet magnetic force throw-over gear that is positioned on the body.When measuring major diameter, successively with each measuring unit head to tail or the tail enemy puts and be fixed on the measured circle perimeter surface by fixed mechanism, up to remaining insufficient space in accommodating another measuring unit (round-robin method).Also can adopt a small amount of measuring unit alternately to put (alternative method).Measure the distance between first measuring unit and last measuring unit, promptly seal size, can calculate tested circle diameter according to geometric relationship.
Adopt portable general major-diameter measuring gauge to measure major diameter and have a series of characteristics: (1) highly versatile: external diameter and internal diameter can be measured, and do not measure the upper limit, also can finish measurement when the measured circle perimeter surface has depression and projection; (2) simple in structure, volume is little, and is portable, easy and simple to handle; (3) demarcate easily; (4) cost is low; (5) precision height.But, when being used for the diameters measurement, there is the not high shortcoming of efficient in present portable general major-diameter measuring gauge, reason has three: the measuring unit length of the portable general major-diameter measuring gauge that (1) is present is difficult to increase, like this, when measuring diameters, just need on tested circumference, put measuring unit many times, very loaded down with trivial details; (2) adopt portable general major-diameter measuring gauge to measure, need to guarantee that each measuring unit is positioned at the same xsect of tested circumference, to satisfy the measuring accuracy requirement.But the present method efficient that portable general major-diameter measuring gauge provided is not high, and mechanism's more complicated; (3) present portable general major-diameter measuring gauge is very low to the measuring method efficient that above-mentioned sealing size is provided, and operation inconvenience.Below these three problems are given labor.
As shown in Figure 1, increase the length of each measuring unit, put number of times, obviously can effectively improve the efficiency of measurement of portable general major-diameter measuring gauge thereby reduce measuring unit.But for present portable general major-diameter measuring gauge, this can bring a series of problems: behind (1) measuring unit lengthening, own wt also will strengthen, for it is adsorbed on the measured circle perimeter surface reliably, need bigger magnetic force, will increase the flexural deformation of measuring unit body like this, cause the measuring unit error in length to increase and measuring accuracy decline.Especially the measuring unit (Chinese patent and United States Patent (USP) Fig. 2 and Fig. 6, and aforesaid U.S. Patent Fig. 8 and the described embodiment of Fig. 9 as described above) to putting along tested circumference influences even more serious.Measuring unit (the described embodiment of United States Patent (USP) Figure 10, Figure 11, Figure 12, Figure 13 and Figure 14 as described above) to putting along tested circumferential end surfaces influences just little much smaller.(2) behind the measuring unit lengthening, own wt also will strengthen, and has so just increased the difficulty of operation.If behind measuring unit lengthening, do not increase or reduce and add the weight of measuring unit, certainly will cause the increase that weakens and be out of shape of measuring unit rigidity, the result causes the decline of measuring accuracy again.(3) behind the measuring unit lengthening, for the measuring unit of putting along tested circumference, because the pairing tested circumference circular arc of two setting elements has bigger bow height, measuring unit is if both energy measurement external diameters like this, also energy measurement internal diameter, just there are some problems in present portable general major-diameter measuring gauge.Chinese patent and the described embodiment of United States Patent (USP) Fig. 2 as described above can not measure the high enough big external diameter of bow, and magnet 14 need be operated cumbersome by the very long segment distance of knob precession during the measurement internal diameter.Aforementioned Chinese patent and the described embodiment of United States Patent (USP) Fig. 6, the high enough big internal diameter of energy measurement bow because it is too big apart from the measured surface distance to be positioned at the main magnetic means of measuring unit body middle part this moment, does not cause magnetic force significantly to weaken.The described embodiment of aforesaid U.S. Patent Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, magnet 142 need be operated cumbersome by the very long segment distance of knob precession when measuring internal diameter.And the precession direction of magnet and measured surface out of plumb have weakened the magnetic force effect of magnet 142.(4) behind the measuring unit lengthening,, to guarantee in the manufacturing that the depth of parallelism of two cylinder axis will become very difficult if two setting elements of measuring unit all are right cylinders.
For making each measuring unit be positioned at the same xsect of tested circumference, present portable general major-diameter measuring gauge provides marked circle localization method (Chinese patent and the described embodiment of United States Patent (USP) Fig. 4 as described above) and two kinds of methods of cylinder localization method (Chinese patent and the described embodiment of United States Patent (USP) Fig. 5 as described above).But when changing between these two kinds of methods, because be two cover mechanisms, efficient is lower.In addition, adopt two cover mechanisms, mechanism is more complicated also.
Present portable general major-diameter measuring gauge provides gap method and two kinds of methods of bicylindrical method for the measurement of sealing size.The gap method need be used the gap between gauge block (needing the gauge block splicing of plurality of differently-sized usually) or right cylinder of clearance gauge measurement and the spheroid, operation inconvenience, and efficient is very low.The bicylindrical rule at first needs an elongated cylinder as annex is fixed on the tested circumference, and the parallel axes that guarantees this elongated cylinder is in tested circumferential axis, and this process operation is loaded down with trivial details.Secondly, the bicylindrical method need adopt the distance between two right cylinders of conventional gage measuring such as outside micrometer, because will look for flex point, operating difficulties has a strong impact on efficiency of measurement and precision.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters: the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of portable general major-diameter measuring gauge and measuring method of being used for the diameters measurement of putting along tested circumference, not only can be under the prerequisite that guarantees measuring accuracy, fully increase the length of measuring unit, thereby effectively reduce the number of times of putting of measuring unit, and provide a kind of measuring unit auxiliary positioning mechanism simple in structure, and a kind of sealing dimension measuring device easy and simple to handle, finally realize significantly improving of diameters efficiency of measurement.
Technical scheme: the present invention is used for the portable general major-diameter measuring gauge of diameters measurement and is made up of a series of separate measuring units and a kind of band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper.Each measuring unit is by setting element, some identical fixed mechanisms that comprises permanent magnet, two identical auxiliary positioning mechanisms behind the body, prelocalization element, one, and for the aiding support mechanism composition that include the aiding support element that can be moved and lock of length than long measuring unit setting, wherein, prelocalization element and back setting element are positioned at the two ends of body, and fixed mechanism, auxiliary positioning mechanism and aiding support mechanism are positioned on the body.Band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper is connected by a common micrometer inside caliper and one to have end shape and forms for the extension bar of the V-anvil of " V " shape on this common micrometer inside caliper.
The effect of body is to connect other part or mechanism on the measuring unit, and determined the overall shape of measuring unit, for the short measuring unit of length, this overall shape presents " one " shape, and the measuring unit long for length then presents and the corresponding to crooked shape of tested circumferential curvature.
The effect of prelocalization element and back setting element is that measuring unit is positioned on the surface of tested circumference, and wherein the back setting element is a right cylinder, and the prelocalization element is a spheroid, or right cylinder, or effectively localization part is the fully short right cylinder of length.To adopt effective localization part be the fully short right cylinder of length as the purpose of setting element is in this case, prelocalization element and back setting element all are right cylinders, and the effective localization part length that makes one of them setting element fully weak point can significantly reduce because two not parallel measuring error of bringing of setting element axis.
Fixed mechanism is arranged on the body, can change the position of permanent magnet built-in in the fixed mechanism by the operation of the knob that is provided with in the rotational fixation mechanism or handle, thereby between measuring unit and measured circle perimeter surface, produce enough big magnetic force (material of testee is limited to steel or other permanent magnet can produce enough materials of big magnetic force), thereby measuring unit firmly and reliably is attached on the measured circle perimeter surface; Also can fully eliminate magnetic force between measuring unit and the measured circle perimeter surface by the operation of rotating above-mentioned knob or handle, thus the operation of being convenient to measuring unit is approaching, contact measured circle perimeter surface, on the measured circle perimeter surface, moving and measuring unit is removed measured circle perimeter surface etc.
Length also is flexural deformation and the measuring unit error in length that reduces the caused measuring unit body of magnetic force between measuring unit and the measured circle perimeter surface than the effect of aiding support mechanism set on the long measuring unit.Aiding support mechanism includes an aiding support element, by spring device this aiding support element is contacted automatically with the measured circle perimeter surface, can lock this aiding support element by the latch mechanism of establishing in addition in the aiding support mechanism again.Fixed mechanism and aiding support mechanism can be installed on the measuring unit body that presents crooked shape forward or backwards, to adapt to the different occasions of external diameter and inner diameter measurement.
Two identical auxiliary positioning mechanisms are arranged on the measuring unit body, respectively include a rotary auxiliary positioning element.By rotating this two auxiliary positioning elements, can make these two auxiliary positioning elements the line on the aiming measured circle perimeter surface and with change between measured circle perimeter surface end face contact, thereby reach having line on the measured circle perimeter surface or having under two kinds of situations of end face, guarantee that each measuring unit is positioned at the purpose of the same xsect of tested circumference.
Band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper is made up of extension bar and a common micrometer inside caliper of a band V-anvil, is used to measure the distance between first measuring unit put and the measuring unit that last is put, promptly seals size.The structure of extension bar of this band V-anvil is identical with the structure of common micrometer inside caliper extension bar, and difference only is that its gage button end changes " V " shape into by part-spherical, will be with the extension bar of V-anvil by being threaded in an end of micrometer inside caliper during use.
When using portable general major-diameter measuring gauge of the present invention to measure diameters, above-mentioned measuring unit need be divided into initial measurement unit, circulation measuring unit and motor-driven measuring unit three classes by functions of use, wherein the quantity of initial measurement unit is one, and prelocalization element and back setting element all are right cylinders.The quantity of circulation measuring unit is more than two, and back setting element is a right cylinder, and the prelocalization element is a spheroid, or effectively localization part is the fully short right cylinder of length, and the length of circulation measuring unit is longer.The quantity of motor-driven measuring unit is some, back setting element is a right cylinder, and the prelocalization element is a spheroid, or effectively localization part is the fully short right cylinder of length, the length of each motor-driven measuring unit is all less than the length of circulation measuring unit, and unequal mutually.
Concrete operations when measuring diameters can be adopted round-robin method and two kinds of methods of alternative method, and the step when adopting round-robin method is as follows:
1. the initial measurement unit is put in measured circle perimeter surface measured diameter position, confirm the initial measurement unit go forward setting element and afterwards setting element not with the measured circle perimeter surface on raised or sunken the contact, make the direction of initial measurement unit, promptly connect and perpendicular to the direction of the line segment of initial measurement unit prelocalization element and back setting element axis, vertical with tested circumferential axis antarafacial, can adopt one of following two kinds of methods to reach this purpose:
A. aim at method: if, adopt the auxiliary positioning element on the initial measurement unit to aim at this circle mark before this by having drawn a circle mark that is positioned at tested circumference xsect at measured circle perimeter surface measured diameter position someway.
B. end face method:, adopt the auxiliary positioning element on the initial measurement unit to contact this end face if tested circumference has end face and this tip-to-face distance measured diameter position is enough near.
After finishing above-mentioned location, knob in the rotational fixation mechanism or handle, change the position of permanent magnet built-in in the fixed mechanism, thereby between initial measurement unit and measured circle perimeter surface, produce enough big magnetic force, the initial measurement unit firmly and reliably is attached on the measured circle perimeter surface.
If aiding support mechanism is set on the initial measurement unit, then operation as follows: at first, the initial measurement unit is positioned on the measured circle perimeter surface as stated above, aiding support element in the mobile aiding support mechanism, make it to contact with the measured circle perimeter surface, after the locking, knob in the rotational fixation mechanism or handle, change the position of permanent magnet built-in in the fixed mechanism, thereby between initial measurement unit and measured circle perimeter surface, produce enough big magnetic force, the initial measurement unit firmly and reliably is attached on the measured circle perimeter surface;
2. first circulation measuring unit is put in measured circle perimeter surface measured diameter position, this circulation measuring unit prelocalization element is slightly contacted with the back setting element middle part vertically of initial measurement unit, and make the direction of this circulation measuring unit, promptly connect this circulation measuring unit prelocalization element and setting element center, back and perpendicular to the direction of the line segment of back setting element axis, vertical with tested circumferential axis antarafacial, method is with the 1. described method of step; After finishing above-mentioned location, this circulation measuring unit firmly and reliably is attached on the measured circle perimeter surface, method is with the 1. described method of step;
3. second circulation measuring unit put in measured circle perimeter surface measured diameter position, this circulation measuring unit prelocalization element is slightly contacted with the back setting element middle part vertically of first circulation measuring unit, and make the direction of this circulation measuring unit, promptly connect this circulation measuring unit prelocalization element and setting element center, back and perpendicular to the direction of the line segment of back setting element axis, vertical with tested circumferential axis antarafacial, method is with the 1. described method of step, after finishing above-mentioned location, this circulation measuring unit firmly and reliably is attached on the measured circle perimeter surface, and method is with the 1. described method of step;
4. 3. described set by step method repeats to put all the other circulation measuring units, and to the last circulation measuring unit of putting and the distance between the initial measurement unit are not enough to put down till another circulation measuring unit;
If 5. step 4. in distance between initial measurement unit and the circulation measuring unit that last is put, promptly seal size, within the measurement range of being with the V-anvil micrometer inside caliper, then this step is omitted; If step 4. in distance between initial measurement unit and the circulation measuring unit that last is put, promptly seal size, outside the measurement range upper limit of band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper, 3. put some motor-driven measuring units set by step, make motor-driven measuring unit that last is put and the distance between the initial measurement unit, be new sealing size, within the measurement range of band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper; If step 4. in distance between initial measurement unit and the circulation measuring unit that last is put, promptly seal size, outside the measurement range lower limit of band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper, then remove step 4. in last circulation measuring unit, 3. put some motor-driven measuring units then set by step, make motor-driven measuring unit that last is put and the distance between the initial measurement unit, promptly new sealing size is within the measurement range of band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper;
If 6. in above-mentioned process of putting respectively circulate measuring unit and motor-driven measuring unit, if raised or sunken contact of existence on prelocalization element or back setting element and the measured circle perimeter surface, the motor-driven measuring unit that can insert a suitable length strides across above-mentioned raised or sunken, and all the other methods of operating are with the 3. described method of step;
7. adopt above-mentioned steps to put after each measuring unit, form distance between initial measurement unit and circulation measuring unit that last is put or the motor-driven measuring unit, promptly final sealing size, the prelocalization element and afterwards setting element must be two right cylinders.The V-anvil of band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper is positioned on the prelocalization member cylinder surface, middle part vertically, the micrometer sleeve of rotating band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper, the center of another gauge head end of band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper is contacted with back setting element right cylinder bus, note the reading of this moment with the V-anvil micrometer inside caliper;
8. the actual value of distance between actual diameter, prelocalization element and the back setting element axis or the centre of sphere of the geometric relationship that forms according to all measuring units of putting and tested circumference, measuring unit prelocalization element that all are put and back setting element, and step can calculate tested circle diameter 7. with the angle of reading He " V " shape gage button of V-anvil micrometer inside caliper after programming on computers.Measuring process finishes;
Adopt the step of alternative method identical with the step that adopts round-robin method, during difference only was that above-mentioned steps 4., the circulation measuring unit that alternative method adopted was less; The quantity of supposing the circulation measuring unit is three, above-mentioned steps operating process 4. changes in the alternative method: method is 3. put the 3rd circulation measuring unit set by step, it is last circulation measuring unit, then, keep second circulation measuring unit motionless, operation by knob in the rotational fixation mechanism or handle, remove the magnetic force between first circulation measuring unit and the measured circle perimeter surface and remove first circulation measuring unit, method is 3. put first circulation measuring unit after the 3rd circulation measuring unit set by step; By that analogy, to the last circulation measuring unit of putting and the distance between the initial measurement unit are not enough to put down till another circulation measuring unit.
Obviously alternative method greatly reduces than round-robin method cost, and good portability, but the operation of round-robin method will make things convenient for, measuring accuracy be height slightly also.
Beneficial effect: be used for the portable general major-diameter measuring gauge of diameters measurement and the description of measuring method thereof according to above the present invention, can draw the portable general major-diameter measuring gauge that it is put along tested circumference with respect to present measuring unit, for reaching the purpose that improves the diameters efficiency of measurement and don't losing measuring accuracy, have following 5 obvious results to improve:
(1) for the long measuring unit of length aiding support mechanism is set, thereby effectively reduced by the flexural deformation of the caused measuring unit body of magnetic force between measuring unit and the measured circle perimeter surface and the increase of measuring unit error in length, guarantee measuring accuracy, and can reduce the increase of measuring unit weight.
(2) for the long measuring unit of length, the overall shape of body is and the corresponding to crooked shape of tested circumferential curvature, like this, by mechanism for installing, aiding support mechanism and auxiliary positioning mechanism forward or backwards, can adapt to the different occasions of external diameter and inner diameter measurement.
(3) when two setting elements of measuring unit all are right cylinder, make effective localization part length of one of them setting element fully short, thereby can effectively reduce two not parallel diameter measurement errors of bringing of setting element axis.
(4) utilize of the conversion of auxiliary positioning element at diverse location, can be easily with all measuring units having line on the measured circle perimeter surface or having under two kinds of situations of end face, be positioned in the same xsect of tested circumference, guarantee measuring accuracy.And because adopt a cover auxiliary positioning mechanism, mechanism is simple.
(5) adopt band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper to measure the sealing size, not only easy and simple to handle, efficient improves, and precision is guaranteed.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that explanation the present invention increases measuring unit length, thereby improves the synoptic diagram of portable general major-diameter measuring gauge efficiency of measurement, and wherein 0 is the measured circle perimeter surface, the 1st, and measuring unit, the 11st, prelocalization element, the 12nd, back setting element, the 13rd, body;
Fig. 2 is the measuring unit structure front elevation that aiding support mechanism is not set in the embodiment of the invention, the mutual alignment relation among the figure and when showing outside diameter measuring between itself and the measured circle perimeter surface, and wherein 0 is the measured circle perimeter surface, the 11st, the prelocalization element, the 12nd, back setting element, the 13rd, body, the 14th, fixed mechanism, the 15th, auxiliary positioning mechanism, the 131st, connecting link, the 132nd, front shoe, the 133rd, a back piece, the 1321st, the V-shaped groove on the front shoe 132, the 1331st, the V-shaped groove on the piece 133 of back;
Fig. 3 is the measuring unit structure vertical view that aiding support mechanism is not set in the embodiment of the invention, mutual alignment relation among the figure and when showing outside diameter measuring between itself and the tested circumferential end surfaces, wherein 01 is measured circle perimeter surface end face, the 11st, and prelocalization element, the 12nd, back setting element, the 13rd, body, the 14th, fixed mechanism, the 15th, auxiliary positioning mechanism, the 131st, connecting link, the 132nd, front shoe, the 133rd, a back piece;
Fig. 4 is the long measuring unit structure front elevation that aiding support mechanism is set of length in the embodiment of the invention, mutual alignment relation among the figure and when showing outside diameter measuring between itself and the measured circle perimeter surface, wherein 0 is the measured circle perimeter surface, the 11st, the prelocalization element, the 12nd, back setting element, the 13rd, body, the 14th, fixed mechanism, the 15th, auxiliary positioning mechanism, the 16th, aiding support mechanism, the 132nd, front shoe, the 133rd, back piece, the 134th, in a piece, the 1311st, connect front shoe 132 and in the connecting link of a piece 134, the 1312nd, connect a back piece 133 and in the connecting link of a piece 134, the 1321st, the V-shaped groove on the front shoe 132, the 1331st, the V-shaped groove on the piece 133 of back;
Fig. 5 is an I place partial enlarged drawing among Fig. 4, wherein 0 is the measured circle perimeter surface, the 134th, in piece, the 161st, aiding support element, the 162nd, stage clip, the 164th, holding screw, the 16111st, handle, the 1342nd, in face on the piece 134, the 1343rd, in face on the piece 134, the 1612nd, the straight trough on the aiding support element 161;
Fig. 6 is the long measuring unit structure vertical view that aiding support mechanism is set of length in the embodiment of the invention, mutual alignment relation among the figure and when showing outside diameter measuring between itself and the tested circumferential end surfaces, wherein 01 is measured circle perimeter surface end face, the 11st, prelocalization element, the 12nd, back setting element, the 13rd, body, the 14th, fixed mechanism, the 15th, auxiliary positioning mechanism, the 16th, aiding support mechanism, the 113rd, screw, the 114th, spring shim, the 121st, screw, the 122nd, spring shim, the 132nd, front shoe, the 133rd, a back piece, the 134th, in piece, the 1311st, connect front shoe 132 and in the connecting link of a piece 134, the 1312nd, connect a back piece 133 and in the connecting link of a piece 134;
Fig. 7 is an I place partial enlarged drawing among Fig. 6, and wherein 111 is right cylinders, the 112nd, and right cylinder;
Fig. 8 is the profile in A-A cross section among Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, the structure of expression fixed mechanism 14, mutual alignment relation among the figure and when showing outside diameter measuring between itself and the measured circle perimeter surface, wherein 0 is the measured circle perimeter surface, the 133rd, and a back piece, the 141st, magnet assembly, the 142nd, knob, the 143rd, sleeve, the 144th, holding screw, the 1332nd, the hole on the piece 133 of back, the 1333rd, the face on the piece 133 of back, the 1411st, permanent magnet, the 1412nd, the external thread on the magnet assembly 141, the 1421st, the external thread on the knob 142, the 1422nd, the internal thread on the knob 142, the 1431st, the flange on the sleeve 143, the 1432nd, the cylindrical on the sleeve 143, the 1433rd, the internal thread on the sleeve 143;
Fig. 9 is the profile in B-B cross section among Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, the structure of expression auxiliary positioning mechanism 15, among the figure and show end face legal when position it concerns with mutual alignment between measured circle perimeter surface and the tested circumferential end surfaces, wherein 0 is the measured circle perimeter surface, the 01st, measured circle perimeter surface end face, the 132nd, front shoe, the 151st, the auxiliary positioning element, the 152nd, screw, the 1324th, the screw on the front shoe 132, the 1325th, screw, the 1511st, the conical surface, the 1512nd, the hole on the auxiliary positioning element 151, the 1513rd, the end face on the auxiliary positioning element 151;
Figure 10 is the amplification profile in B-B cross section among Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, the structure of expression auxiliary positioning mechanism 15, among the figure and show aiming legal when position it concerns with mutual alignment between measured circle perimeter surface and the mark, wherein 0 is the measured circle perimeter surface, the 02nd, the line on the measured circle perimeter surface, the 132nd, front shoe, the 151st, the auxiliary positioning element, the 152nd, screw, the 1324th, the screw on the front shoe 132, the 1325th, screw, the 1511st, the conical surface, the 1512nd, the hole on the auxiliary positioning element 151, the 1513rd, the end face on the auxiliary positioning element 151, the 1514th, the intersection of the end face 1513 on the conical surface 1511 and the auxiliary positioning element 151;
Figure 11 is the amplification profile in C-C cross section among Fig. 4, the structure of expression aiding support mechanism 16, mutual alignment relation among the figure and when showing outside diameter measuring between itself and the measured circle perimeter surface, wherein 0 is the measured circle perimeter surface, the 134th, in piece, the 161st, the aiding support element, the 162nd, stage clip, the 163rd, sleeve, the 165th, holding screw, the 166th, holding screw, the 167th, bearing pin, the 168th, sleeve, the 169th, holding screw, the 1610th, screw, the 16111st, handle, the 1341st, in hole on the piece 134, the 1342nd, in face on the piece 134, the 1343rd, in face on the piece 134, the 1344th, in hole on the piece 134, the 1345th, in hole on the piece 134, the 1611st, part sphere, the 1613rd, the skewed slot on the aiding support element 161, the 1614th, the external cylindrical surface on the aiding support element 161, the 1631st, the hole on the sleeve 163, the 1632nd, the cylindrical on the sleeve 163, the 1633rd, the hole on the sleeve 163, the 1671st, the cylindrical on the bearing pin 167, the 1672nd, the protuberance on the bearing pin 167, the 1681st, the cylindrical on the sleeve 168, the 1682nd, the internal thread on the sleeve 168;
Figure 12 is the amplification profile in D-D cross section among Figure 11, the structure of expression aiding support mechanism 16, wherein 134 be in piece, the 161st, aiding support element, the 163rd, sleeve, the 167th, bearing pin, the 168th, sleeve, the 1610th, screw, the 1613rd, the skewed slot on the aiding support element 161, the 1672nd, the protuberance on the bearing pin 167;
Figure 13 is the front elevation that measuring unit shown in Figure 4 is represented its structure when measuring internal diameter, among the figure and show mutual alignment relation between itself and the measured circle perimeter surface, wherein 0 is the measured circle perimeter surface, the 11st, the prelocalization element, the 12nd, back setting element, the 13rd, body, the 14th, fixed mechanism, the 15th, auxiliary positioning mechanism, the 16th, aiding support, the 132nd, front shoe, the 133rd, a back piece, the 134th, in piece, the 1311st, connect front shoe 132 and in the connecting link of a piece 134, the 1312nd, connect a back piece 133 and in the connecting link of a piece 134;
Figure 14 is an I place partial enlarged drawing among Figure 13, and wherein 0 is the measured circle perimeter surface, the 134th, in piece, the 161st, the aiding support element, the 162nd, stage clip, the 164th, holding screw, the 1342nd, in face on the piece 134, the 1612nd, the straight trough on the aiding support element 161;
Figure 15 is the amplification profile in A-A cross section among Figure 13, the structure of expression fixed mechanism 14, among the figure and show mutual alignment relation between itself and the measured circle perimeter surface, wherein 0 is the measured circle perimeter surface, the 133rd, and a back piece, the 141st, magnet assembly, the 142nd, knob, the 143rd, sleeve, the 144th, holding screw, the 1332nd, the hole on the piece 133 of back, the 1334th, the face on the piece 133 of back, the 1411st, permanent magnet, the 1412nd, the external thread on the magnet assembly 141, the 1421st, the external thread on the knob 142, the 1422nd, the internal thread on the knob 142, the 1431st, the flange on the sleeve 143, the 1432nd, the cylindrical on the sleeve 143, the 1433rd, the internal thread on the sleeve 143;
Figure 16 is the amplification profile in B-B cross section among Figure 13, the structure of expression auxiliary positioning mechanism 15, among the figure and show end face legal when position it concerns with mutual alignment between measured circle perimeter surface and the tested circumferential end surfaces, wherein 0 is the measured circle perimeter surface, the 01st, measured circle perimeter surface end face, the 132nd, front shoe, the 151st, the auxiliary positioning element, the 152nd, screw, the 1324th, screw, the 1325th, the screw on the front shoe 132, the 1511st, the conical surface, the 1512nd, the hole on the auxiliary positioning element 151, the 1513rd, the end face on the auxiliary positioning element 151;
Figure 17 is the amplification profile in C-C cross section among Figure 13, the structure of expression aiding support mechanism 16, mutual alignment relation among the figure and when showing outside diameter measuring between itself and the measured circle perimeter surface, wherein 0 is the measured circle perimeter surface, the 134th, in piece, the 161st, the aiding support element, the 162nd, stage clip, the 163rd, sleeve, the 165th, holding screw, the 166th, holding screw, the 167th, bearing pin, the 168th, sleeve, the 169th, holding screw, the 1610th, screw, the 16111st, handle, the 1341st, in hole on the piece 134, the 1342nd, in face on the piece 134, the 1343rd, in face on the piece 134, the 1344th, in hole on the piece 134, the 1345th, in hole on the piece 134, the 1611st, part sphere, the 1613rd, the skewed slot on the aiding support element 161, the 1614th, the external cylindrical surface on the aiding support element 161, the 1631st, the hole on the sleeve 163, the 1632nd, the cylindrical on the sleeve 163, the 1633rd, the hole on the sleeve 163, the 1671st, the cylindrical on the bearing pin 167, the 1672nd, the protuberance on the bearing pin 167, the 1681st, the cylindrical on the sleeve 168, the 1682nd, the internal thread on the sleeve 168;
Figure 18 is the front elevation of band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper 2 its structures of expression in the embodiment of the invention, among the figure and show sealing it concerns with mutual alignment between the measuring unit setting element during dimensional measurement, wherein 11 is prelocalization elements, the 12nd, back setting element, the 21st, micrometer head, the 22nd, extension bar, the 23rd, extension bar, the 24th, nut cap, the 25th, lock-screw, the 232nd, the end is the V-anvil of " V " shape;
Figure 19 is the front elevation (band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper in the corresponding embodiment of the invention of this milscale) that a kind of common micrometer inside caliper is represented its structure, among the figure and show sealing it concerns with mutual alignment between the measuring unit setting element during dimensional measurement, wherein 11 is prelocalization elements, the 12nd, back setting element, the 21st, micrometer head, the 22nd, extension bar, the 23rd, extension bar, the 24th, nut cap, the 25th, lock-screw, the 231st, the end is the gage button of part sphere;
Embodiment
To shown in Figure 180, the portable general major-diameter measuring gauge that is used for the diameters measurement of the embodiment of the invention is made up of a series of separate measuring units 1 and a kind of band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper 2 as Fig. 2.Each measuring unit 1 is by a body 13, prelocalization element 11, setting element 12 after, some identical fixed mechanisms that comprises permanent magnet 1,411 14, two identical auxiliary positioning mechanisms 15, and for aiding support mechanism 16 compositions that include the aiding support element 161 that can be moved and lock of length than 1 setting of long measuring unit, wherein, described prelocalization element 11 and back setting element 12 are positioned at the two ends of body 13, and fixed mechanism 14, auxiliary positioning mechanism 15 and aiding support mechanism 16 are positioned on the body 13.Band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper 2 is connected by a common micrometer inside caliper and one to have end shape and forms for the extension bar 23 of the V-anvil 232 of " V " shape on this common micrometer inside caliper.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, for the measuring unit 1 that aiding support mechanism 16 is not set, its body 13 is made up of a connecting link 131 and a front shoe 132 that is fixedly connected on connecting link 131 two ends and a back piece 133, wherein connecting link 131 is a straight tube, and the overall shape of whole body 13 is " one " shape; As Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 6, for the long measuring unit 1 of the length that aiding support mechanism 16 is set, its body 13 by two connecting links 1311 and 1312, be fixedly connected on connecting link 1,311 one ends front shoe 132, be fixedly connected on back piece 133 of connecting link 1,312 one ends, and be fixedly connected on respectively the connecting link 1311 and 1312 other ends in piece 134 form; Two connecting links 1311 and 1312 are straight tube, and the overall shape of whole body 13 is and the corresponding to crooked shape of tested circumferential curvature.
Extremely shown in Figure 7 as Fig. 2, prelocalization element 11 in each measuring unit 1 and back setting element 12 are positioned at the two ends of body 13, the prelocalization element 11 of one of them measuring unit 1 and back setting element 12 all are right cylinders, the back setting element 12 of all the other measuring units 1 is a right cylinder, prelocalization element 11 is that effective localization part is the fully short right cylinder 111 of length, and this right cylinder 111 is positioned at the smaller but middle part of long right cylinder 112 relatively of a coaxial diameter; Fully short this arrangement of the length of right cylinder 11 can effectively reduce because the measuring error that the axis parallel degree error is brought between prelocalization element 11 and the back setting element 12; By two screws 121 or 113 and two spring shims 122 or 114, setting element 11 and setting element 12 are fixedly connected on the V-shaped groove 1321 and V-shaped groove 1331 of the front shoe 132 of body 13 and a back piece 133 in all measuring units 1.
To shown in Figure 7, the measuring unit 1 that length is long is provided with four identical fixed mechanisms 14 as Fig. 2, and the short measuring unit 1 of length is provided with two identical fixed mechanisms 14.With the fixed mechanism 14 that is arranged on the piece 133 of back be the structure that example illustrates fixed mechanism 14: as shown in Figure 8, fixed mechanism 14 is made up of the magnet assembly 141 of a built-in permanent magnet 1411, knob 142, one flanged 1431 sleeve 143 and holding screw 44; The cylindrical 432 of sleeve 43 is assemblied in the hole 1332 on the piece 33 of back with clearance fit, sleeve 143 flanges 1431 end faces contacts with face 1333 on the piece 133 of back, pass through holding screw 144 again and fix; Knob 142 is assemblied on the sleeve 143 by the external thread 1421 of its front end and the internal thread 1433 of sleeve, and the external thread 1412 of magnet assembly 141 by its front end is tightened on the internal thread 1422 of knob 142 front ends.
To shown in Figure 7, each measuring unit 1 is provided with two identical auxiliary positioning mechanisms 15 as Fig. 2.To be arranged on the structure that auxiliary positioning mechanism 15 on the front shoe 132 is an example explanation auxiliary positioning mechanism 15: as Fig. 9 and shown in Figure 10, there is the disk 151 of a band conical surface 1511 in auxiliary positioning mechanism 15 as the auxiliary positioning element, is fixed on the front shoe 132 by screw 152 and the threaded hole 1324 on the front shoe that passes the hole 1512 on the disk 151; Loosening slightly screw 152, disk 151 can rotate by 1512 axis around the hole.
As Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 6,, wherein prop up piece 134 and be provided with an aiding support mechanism 16 for the long measuring unit 1 of length.As Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Figure 11 and shown in Figure 12, aiding support mechanism 16 has a head to be processed into part sphere 1611, the middle part is processed with straight trough 1612 on the face of cylinder, afterbody is processed with the aiding support element 161 of skewed slot 1613, this aiding support element 161 after a stage clip 162 by its external cylindrical surface 1614 by in the blind hole 1631 of the sleeve 163 of going into to pack into earlier with the clearance fit tail, be screwed into holding screw 164, holding screw 164 heads are entered in the straight trough 1612 on the aiding support element 161, like this, the blind hole 1631 of aiding support element 161 on the effect lower edge of stage clip 162 sleeve 163 axially moves as straight line to blind hole 1631 outside directions, but can not rotate, and because the effect of straight trough 1612, aiding support element 161 can not break away from the blind hole 1631 of sleeve 163; Then, in the through hole 1341 during sleeve 163 packed into clearance fit by its external cylindrical surface 1632 again on the piece 134, make the opening direction of sleeve 163 blind holes 1631 point in the face 1343 of a piece 134, tighten holding screw 165 and 166, make sleeve 163 be fixed on the piece 134; Follow again, in the hole 1633 of sleeve 163 by external cylindrical surface 1671 with the clearance fit bearing pin 167 of packing into, the head of bearing pin 167 be processed with aiding support element 161 on the protuberance 1672 that matches of skewed slot 1613 groove widths and gradient, this protuberance 1672 is matched with straight trough 1612; Then, in the hole 1344 during the sleeve 168 that will have a flange is packed into clearance fit by external cylindrical surface 1681 on the piece 134, tighten holding screw 169 it is fixed; At last, in the internal thread 1682 of sleeve 168, be screwed into the end and be equipped with the screw 1610 of handle 16111, it is contacted with bearing pin 167, like this, in this case, turning handle 16111 is thrown off screw 1610 and bearing pin 167, then applying the effect that a power can overcome stage clip 162 at the head 1611 of aiding support element 161 makes aiding support element 161 to blind hole 1631 inner moving, and if reverse direction turning handle 16111 makes screw 1610 contact and compress with bearing pin 167, then under the ramp effect of protuberance 1672 on skewed slot 1613 on the aiding support element 161 and the bearing pin 167, aiding support element 161 can be locked on the sleeve 163, can not make aiding support element 161 to blind hole 1631 inner moving even at this moment apply a power at the head 1611 of aiding support element 161.The head 1611 of aiding support element 161 is processed into the part sphere, and purpose is to improve itself and the contacting of measured circle perimeter surface 0
For Fig. 4 long measuring unit 1 of length that is provided with aiding support mechanism 16 extremely shown in Figure 7, installation site when the installation of the above fixed mechanism 14, auxiliary positioning mechanism 15 and aiding support mechanism 16 is outside diameter measuring, can be referred to as forward installs, if in the opposite direction, be reverse mechanism for installing 14, auxiliary positioning mechanism 15 and aiding support mechanism 16, then can measure internal diameter.The view that Figure 13 and Figure 14 are Fig. 4 to the reverse mechanism for installing 14 of measuring unit shown in Figure 7, auxiliary positioning mechanism 15 and the aiding support mechanism 16.For specifying the structure after fixed mechanism 14 is oppositely installed, oppositely to be installed in the fixed mechanism 14 that props up on the piece 133 back as shown in figure 15 is example: install relatively with forward shown in Figure 8, can draw, the face 1334 that sleeve 143 flanges 1431 end faces were with prop up on the piece 133 back when difference of two kinds of mounting meanss was oppositely to install contacts, and the face 1333 that the forward installation is with prop up on the piece 133 back contacts.For specifying the structure after auxiliary positioning mechanism 15 oppositely installs, with the auxiliary positioning mechanism 15 that oppositely is installed in as shown in figure 16 on the front shoe 132 is example: install relatively with forward shown in Figure 9, can draw, screw 152 was screwed on the threaded hole 1325 when the difference of two kinds of mounting meanss was oppositely to install, and the forward installation is screwed on the threaded hole 1534.For specifying the structure after aiding support mechanism 16 oppositely installs, with the aiding support mechanism 16 in oppositely being installed in as shown in figure 17 the piece 134 is example: install relatively with forward shown in Figure 11, can draw, face 1342 during the opening direction of blind hole 1632 pointed on the sleeve 163 when the difference of two kinds of mounting meanss was oppositely to install on the piece 134, and forward is installed the face 1343 on the piece 134 in the sensing; Corresponding therewith, on the hole 1345 during sleeve 168 is mounted on the piece 134, and forward install be mounted on the hole 1344 on the piece 134.From on can draw, for the long measuring unit 1 of length, the tested circumferential curvature that its correspondence is high than longbow, but because the overall shape of its body 13 is and the corresponding to crooked shape of tested circumferential curvature, just, anti-mechanism for installing 14, auxiliary positioning mechanism 15 and aiding support mechanism 16 can guarantee the performance of their effects effectively, and for the short measuring unit 1 of length, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, because the overall shape of their bodies 13 is " one " shape, therefore these two kinds of mounting meanss are the same in essence, this means for the measuring unit 1 of lacking for length, when measuring external diameter and internal diameter, needn't change the mounting means of fixed mechanism 14 and auxiliary positioning mechanism 15, this is because its pairing tested circumference bow height is very little, so do not influence effective performance of fixed mechanism 14 and 15 effects of auxiliary positioning mechanism.
Be a kind of structure of common micrometer inside caliper as shown in figure 19, wherein 21 is micrometer heads, and 22 is the short extension bars of a length, and 23 is the long extension bars of a length, the 24th, and nut cap, the 25th, lock-screw; According to tested length difference, can select the extension bar of varying number and length.The structure of this common micrometer inside caliper, principle of work and using method are known by one of ordinary skill in the art of the present invention.Can measure two distances between the parallel cylindrical bodies with this micrometer inside caliper, as shown in figure 19, but because need seek the minimal point of two directions when measuring, operation is difficulty relatively.As shown in figure 18, be a kind of band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper 2 that the embodiment of the invention provided.Relatively Figure 18 and Figure 19 can draw, and both differences are that the end of an extension bar 23 of common micrometer inside caliper is that the spherical gage button 231 of part makes the V-anvil 232 of end for " V " shape into.Like this, measure with band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper 2 between two parallel cylindrical bodies apart from the time, only need to seek the minimal point of a direction, much easy operation in, precision is assurance easily also, as shown in figure 18.
When using the portable general major-diameter measuring gauge measurement diameters of the above embodiment of the invention, measuring unit 1 need be divided into initial measurement unit, circulation measuring unit and motor-driven measuring unit three classes by functions of use, wherein the quantity of initial measurement unit is one, and prelocalization element 11 and back setting element 12 all are right cylinders; The quantity of circulation measuring unit is more than two, and back setting element 12 is right cylinders, and prelocalization element 11 is spheroids, or effectively localization part is the fully short right cylinder of length, and the length of circulation measuring unit is longer; The quantity of motor-driven measuring unit is some, and back setting element 12 is right cylinders, and prelocalization element 11 is spheroids, or effectively localization part is the fully short right cylinder of length.Concrete operations when measuring diameters can be adopted round-robin method and two kinds of methods of alternative method.Step when adopting round-robin method is as follows:
1. the initial measurement unit is put in measured circle perimeter surface 0 measured diameter position, confirm the initial measurement unit go forward setting element 11 and afterwards setting element 12 not with the measured circle perimeter surface on raised or sunken the contact, and make the direction of initial measurement unit, promptly connect and perpendicular to the direction of the line segment of initial measurement unit prelocalization element 11 and back setting element 12 axis, vertical with tested circumferential axis antarafacial, can adopt one of following two kinds of methods to reach this purpose:
A) aiming method: if before this by having drawn a circle mark 02 that is positioned at tested circumference xsect at measured circle perimeter surface 0 measured diameter position someway, then as shown in figure 10, two screws 152 on the loosening at first slightly initial measurement unit, rotate intersection 1514 that auxiliary positioning element 151 makes the conical surface 1511 and end face 1513 as far as possible near (but not contacting) measured circle perimeter surface 0, tighten screw 152 then; Follow mobile initial measurement unit, make on it above-mentioned mark 02 of intersection 1514 aimings on auxiliary positioning element 151 in two auxiliary positioning mechanisms 15;
B) end face method: if measured circle perimeter surface 0 has end face 01 and this end face 01 is enough near apart from the measured diameter position, then as shown in Figure 9, two screws 152 on the loosening at first slightly initial measurement unit, rotate auxiliary positioning element 151 it is protruded to measured circle perimeter surface 0 direction as far as possible, tighten screw 152 then; Follow mobile initial measurement unit, the end face 1513 of the auxiliary positioning element 151 in two auxiliary positioning mechanisms 15 is contacted with measured circle perimeter surface 0 end face 01;
After finishing above-mentioned location, rotate on the initial measurement unit knob 142 in two fixed mechanisms 14, change the position of permanent magnet 1411, thereby between initial measurement unit and measured circle perimeter surface 0, produce enough big magnetic force, the initial measurement unit firmly and reliably is attached on the measured circle perimeter surface 0.
If aiding support mechanism 16 is set on the initial measurement unit, then operation as follows: at first, the initial measurement unit is positioned on the measured circle perimeter surface 0 as stated above, then, as shown in figure 12, turning handle 16111, screw 1610 and bearing pin 167 are thrown off, then under the effect of stage clip 162, aiding support element 161 heads 1611 contact with measured circle perimeter surface 0 automatically, the counter-rotation handle 16111 then, make screw 1610 contact and compress with bearing pin 167, thus locking aiding support element 161, again by rotating the knob 142 in the fixed mechanism 14 on first circulation measuring unit, change the position of permanent magnet 1411, thereby between initial measurement unit and measured circle perimeter surface 0, produce enough big magnetic force, the initial measurement unit firmly and reliably is attached on the measured circle perimeter surface 0.
2. first circulation measuring unit is put in measured circle perimeter surface 0 measured diameter position, back setting element 12 circumferential surfaces of periphery 111 and initial measurement unit on this circulation measuring unit prelocalization element 11 are slightly contacted along back setting element 12 axial places, middle part, and make the direction of this circulation measuring unit, promptly connect and perpendicular to the direction of the line segment of this circulation measuring unit prelocalization element 11 and back setting element 12 axis, vertical with measured circle perimeter surface 0 axis antarafacial, method is with the 1. described method of step.After finishing above-mentioned location, this circulation measuring unit firmly and reliably is attached on the measured circle perimeter surface 0, method is with the 1. described method of step.
3. second circulation measuring unit put in measured circle perimeter surface 0 measured diameter position, back setting element 12 circumferential surfaces of periphery 111 and first circulation measuring unit on this circulation measuring unit prelocalization element 11 are slightly contacted along back setting element 12 axial places, middle part, and make the direction of this circulation measuring unit, promptly connect and perpendicular to the direction of the line segment of this circulation measuring unit prelocalization element 11 and back setting element 12 axis, vertical with measured circle perimeter surface 0 axis antarafacial, method is with the 1. described method of step.After finishing above-mentioned location, this circulation measuring unit firmly and reliably is attached on the measured circle perimeter surface 0, method is with the 1. described method of step.
4. 3. described set by step method repeats to put all the other circulation measuring units, and to the last circulation measuring unit of putting and the distance between the initial measurement unit are not enough to put down till another circulation measuring unit.
If 5. step 4. in distance between initial measurement unit and the circulation measuring unit that last is put, promptly seal size, within the measurement range of aforementioned band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper 2, then this step is omitted; If step 4. in distance between initial measurement unit and the circulation measuring unit that last is put, promptly seal size, outside the measurement range upper limit of aforementioned band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper 2,3. put some motor-driven measuring units set by step, make motor-driven measuring unit that last is put and the distance between the initial measurement unit, be new sealing size, within the measurement range of aforementioned band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper 2; If step 4. in distance between initial measurement unit and the circulation measuring unit that last is put, promptly seal size, outside the measurement range lower limit of aforementioned band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper 2, then remove step 4. in last circulation measuring unit, 3. put some motor-driven measuring units then set by step, make motor-driven measuring unit that last is put and the distance between the initial measurement unit, promptly new sealing size is within the measurement range of aforementioned band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper 2.
If 6. in above-mentioned process of putting respectively circulate measuring unit and motor-driven measuring unit, raised or sunken contact the on prelocalization element 11 or back setting element 12 and the measured circle perimeter surface, can insert motor-driven measuring unit and stride across above-mentioned raised or sunkenly, all the other methods of operating are with the 3. described method of step.
7. adopt above-mentioned steps to put after each measuring unit, form distance between initial measurement unit and circulation measuring unit that last is put or the motor-driven measuring unit, be final sealing size, prelocalization element 11 and back setting element 12 must be two right cylinders.As shown in figure 18, the V-anvil 232 of aforementioned band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper 2 is positioned wherein on the prelocalization element 11 right cylinders surface, middle part vertically, rotating band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper micrometer sleeve, another gauge head 212 centers of band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper 2 are slightly contacted with back setting element 12 right cylinder buses, note the reading of this moment with V-anvil micrometer inside caliper 2.
8. the actual value of distance between actual diameter, prelocalization element 11 and back setting element 12 axis of the geometric relationship that forms according to all measuring units of putting 1 and tested circumference, measuring unit 1 prelocalization element 11 that all are put and back setting element 12, and step can calculate tested circle diameter 7. with the angle of the reading and the V-anvil 232 of V-anvil micrometer inside caliper 2 after programming on computers.Measuring process finishes.
Adopt the step of alternative method identical with the step that adopts round-robin method, during difference only is that above-mentioned steps is 4., the circulation measuring unit that alternative method adopted less (minimum two).The quantity of supposing the circulation measuring unit is three, above-mentioned steps operating process 4. changes in the alternative method: method is 3. put the 3rd circulation measuring unit (being last circulation measuring unit) set by step, then, keep second circulation measuring unit motionless, knob 142 in the rotational fixation mechanism 4, remove the magnetic force between first circulation measuring unit and the measured circle perimeter surface 0 and remove first circulation measuring unit, method is 3. put first circulation measuring unit after the 3rd circulation measuring unit set by step.By that analogy, to the last circulation measuring unit of putting and the distance between the initial measurement unit are not enough to put down till another circulation measuring unit.
The big machinery equipment, comprise large-scale generating set, heavy-duty machinery, large ship, tun and space equipment etc., spread all over every field such as electric power, Aero-Space, boats and ships, mine, metallurgy, chemical industry, oil and traffic, therefore the lifeblood that relates to national economy be significant.Large-scale main shaft, large size bearing, large gear, tun, and Large Piston etc. is to form the part of the important or even core of big machinery equipment, their processing all needs the measurement of high-precision major diameter and even diameters.As portable general major-diameter measuring gauge of the present invention because have the precision height, do not measure the upper limit, characteristics such as easy and simple to handle and portability and have important use in these occasions and be worth.
Claims (9)
1. one kind is used for the portable general major-diameter measuring gauge that diameters is measured, and it is characterized in that this measuring gage is made up of a series of separate measuring units (1) and a kind of band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper (2); Each measuring unit (1) is by a body (13), a prelocalization element (11), setting element after one (12), some identical fixed mechanisms that comprise permanent magnet (1411) (14), two identical auxiliary positioning mechanisms (15), and for aiding support mechanism (16) composition that include the aiding support element (161) that can be moved and lock of length than long measuring unit (1) setting, wherein, described prelocalization element (11) and back setting element (12) are positioned at the two ends of body (13), fixed mechanism (14), auxiliary positioning mechanism (15) and aiding support mechanism (16) are positioned on the body (13); Band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper (2) is connected by a common micrometer inside caliper and one to have end shape and forms for the extension bar (23) of the V-anvil (232) of " V " shape on this common micrometer inside caliper.
2. the portable general major-diameter measuring gauge that is used for the diameters measurement as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the overall shape of described body (13) presents " one " shape, or presents and the corresponding to crooked shape of measured circle perimeter surface curvature.
3. the portable general major-diameter measuring gauge that is used for the diameters measurement as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described back setting element (12) is a right cylinder, prelocalization element (11) is a spheroid, or right cylinder, or effectively localization part is the fully short right cylinder of length.
4. the portable general major-diameter measuring gauge that is used for the diameters measurement as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described fixed mechanism (14) includes knob or the handle (142) that drives permanent magnet (1411) motion.
5. fixed mechanism as claimed in claim 1 (14) is characterized in that, it can be installed on the body (13) of measuring unit (1) by forward, also can oppositely be installed on the body (13) of measuring unit (1).
6. the portable general major-diameter measuring gauge that is used for the diameters measurement as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the measuring unit (1) that described length is long go up set aiding support mechanism (16) include one can mobile aiding support element (161) stage clip (162), and the handle (16111) that can lock this aiding support element (161).
7. aiding support mechanism as claimed in claim 1 (16) is characterized in that, its forward is installed on the body (13) of measuring unit (1), or oppositely is installed on the body (13) of measuring unit (1).
8. the portable general major-diameter measuring gauge that is used for the diameters measurement as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described two identical auxiliary positioning mechanisms (15) respectively comprise a rotary auxiliary positioning element (151), and this auxiliary positioning element (151) has end face (1513) and intersection (1514).
9. measuring method that is used for the portable general major-diameter measuring gauge that diameters measures as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that this method is:
At first described measuring unit (1) is divided into initial measurement unit, circulation measuring unit and motor-driven measuring unit three classes by functions of use, wherein the quantity of initial measurement unit is one, and prelocalization element (11) and back setting element (12) all are right cylinders; The quantity of circulation measuring unit is more than two, and back setting element (12) is a right cylinder, and prelocalization element (11) is a spheroid, or effectively localization part is the fully short right cylinder of length, and the length of circulation measuring unit is longer; The quantity of motor-driven measuring unit is some, back setting element (12) is a right cylinder, and prelocalization element (11) is a spheroid, or effectively localization part is the fully short right cylinder of length, the length of each motor-driven measuring unit is all less than the length of circulation measuring unit, and unequal mutually;
Concrete operations when measuring diameters can be adopted round-robin method and two kinds of methods of alternative method, and the step when adopting round-robin method is as follows:
1. the initial measurement unit is put in measured circle perimeter surface measured diameter position, confirm the initial measurement unit go forward setting element (11) and afterwards setting element (12) not with the measured circle perimeter surface on raised or sunken the contact, make the direction of initial measurement unit, promptly connect and perpendicular to the initial measurement unit prelocalization element (11) and the back direction of the line segment of setting element (12) axis, vertical with tested circumferential axis antarafacial, can adopt one of following two kinds of methods to reach this purpose:
C. aim at method: if, adopt the auxiliary positioning element (151) on the initial measurement unit to aim at this circle mark before this by having drawn a circle mark that is positioned at tested circumference xsect at measured circle perimeter surface measured diameter position someway;
D. end face method:, adopt the auxiliary positioning element (151) on the initial measurement unit to contact this end face if tested circumference has end face and this tip-to-face distance measured diameter position is enough near;
After finishing above-mentioned location, knob in the rotational fixation mechanism (14) or handle (142), change the position of the permanent magnet (1411) in the fixed mechanism (14), thereby between initial measurement unit and measured circle perimeter surface, produce enough big magnetic force, the initial measurement unit firmly and reliably is attached on the measured circle perimeter surface;
If aiding support mechanism 16 is set on the initial measurement unit, then operation as follows: at first, the initial measurement unit is positioned on the measured circle perimeter surface as stated above, aiding support element (161) in the mobile aiding support mechanism (16), make it to contact with the measured circle perimeter surface, after the locking, knob in the rotational fixation mechanism (14) or handle (142), change the position of the permanent magnet (1411) in the fixed mechanism (14), thereby between initial measurement unit and measured circle perimeter surface, produce enough big magnetic force, the initial measurement unit firmly and reliably is attached on the measured circle perimeter surface;
2. first circulation measuring unit is put in measured circle perimeter surface measured diameter position, this circulation measuring unit prelocalization element (11) is slightly contacted with back setting element (12) middle part vertically of initial measurement unit, and make the direction of this circulation measuring unit, promptly connect this circulation measuring unit prelocalization element (11) and setting element (12) center, back and perpendicular to the direction of the line segment of back setting element (12) axis, vertical with tested circumferential axis antarafacial, method is with the 1. described method of step; After finishing above-mentioned location, this circulation measuring unit firmly and reliably is attached on the measured circle perimeter surface, method is with the 1. described method of step;
3. second circulation measuring unit put in measured circle perimeter surface measured diameter position, this circulation measuring unit prelocalization element (11) is slightly contacted with back setting element (12) middle part vertically of first circulation measuring unit, and make the direction of this circulation measuring unit, promptly connect this circulation measuring unit prelocalization element (11) and setting element (12) center, back and perpendicular to the direction of the line segment of back setting element (12) axis, vertical with tested circumferential axis antarafacial, method is with the 1. described method of step, after finishing above-mentioned location, this circulation measuring unit firmly and reliably is attached on the measured circle perimeter surface, and method is with the 1. described method of step;
4. 3. described set by step method repeats to put all the other circulation measuring units, and to the last circulation measuring unit of putting and the distance between the initial measurement unit are not enough to put down till another circulation measuring unit;
If 5. step 4. in distance between initial measurement unit and the circulation measuring unit that last is put, promptly seal size, within the measurement range of being with V-anvil micrometer inside caliper (2), then this step is omitted; If step 4. in distance between initial measurement unit and the circulation measuring unit that last is put, promptly seal size, outside the measurement range upper limit of band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper (2), 3. put some motor-driven measuring units set by step, make motor-driven measuring unit that last is put and the distance between the initial measurement unit, be new sealing size, within the measurement range of band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper (2); If step 4. in distance between initial measurement unit and the circulation measuring unit that last is put, promptly seal size, outside the measurement range lower limit of band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper (2), then remove step 4. in last circulation measuring unit, 3. put some motor-driven measuring units then set by step, make motor-driven measuring unit that last is put and the distance between the initial measurement unit, promptly new sealing size is within the measurement range of band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper (2);
If 6. in above-mentioned process of putting respectively circulate measuring unit and motor-driven measuring unit, prelocalization element (11) or the back setting element (12) if with the measured circle perimeter surface on the existence raised or sunken the contact, the motor-driven measuring unit that can insert a suitable length strides across above-mentioned raised or sunken, and all the other methods of operating are with the 3. described method of step;
7. adopt above-mentioned steps to put after each measuring unit, form distance between initial measurement unit and circulation measuring unit that last is put or the motor-driven measuring unit, be final sealing size, prelocalization element (11) and the back setting element (12) must be two right cylinders.To be positioned on prelocalization element (11) the right cylinder surface, middle part vertically with the V-anvil (232) of V-anvil micrometer inside caliper (2), the micrometer sleeve of rotating band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper (2), the center of another gauge head end of band V-anvil micrometer inside caliper (2) is contacted with back setting element (12) right cylinder bus, note the reading of this moment with V-anvil micrometer inside caliper (2);
8. the actual value of distance between actual diameter, prelocalization element (11) and back setting element (12) axis or the centre of sphere of the geometric relationship that forms according to all measuring units of putting and tested circumference, measuring unit prelocalization element (11) that all are put and back setting element (12), and step can calculate tested circle diameter 7. with the angle of the reading and the V-anvil (232) of V-anvil micrometer inside caliper (2) after programming on computers.Measuring process finishes;
Adopt the step of alternative method identical with the step that adopts round-robin method, during difference only was that above-mentioned steps 4., the circulation measuring unit that alternative method adopted was less; The quantity of supposing the circulation measuring unit is three, above-mentioned steps operating process 4. changes in the alternative method: method is 3. put the 3rd circulation measuring unit set by step, it is last circulation measuring unit, then, keep second circulation measuring unit motionless, operation by knob in the rotational fixation mechanism (14) or handle (142), remove the magnetic force between first circulation measuring unit and the measured circle perimeter surface and remove first circulation measuring unit, method is 3. put first circulation measuring unit after the 3rd circulation measuring unit set by step; By that analogy, to the last circulation measuring unit of putting and the distance between the initial measurement unit are not enough to put down till another circulation measuring unit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200710024997A CN100582646C (en) | 2007-07-18 | 2007-07-18 | Portable universal large diameter measuring gage used for greatness diameter measurement and measurement method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200710024997A CN100582646C (en) | 2007-07-18 | 2007-07-18 | Portable universal large diameter measuring gage used for greatness diameter measurement and measurement method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101113884A true CN101113884A (en) | 2008-01-30 |
| CN100582646C CN100582646C (en) | 2010-01-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200710024997A Expired - Fee Related CN100582646C (en) | 2007-07-18 | 2007-07-18 | Portable universal large diameter measuring gage used for greatness diameter measurement and measurement method thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102564270A (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2012-07-11 | 东南大学 | Tubular vernier measuring scale for measuring sealing size |
| CN102679843A (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2012-09-19 | 东南大学 | Non-full-circle pi ruler for measuring major outside diameter |
| CN103162592A (en) * | 2013-03-06 | 2013-06-19 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳发动机设计研究所 | Plug-type axially symmetric spray pipe outlet diameter measuring tool |
| CN105588532A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-05-18 | 洛阳新强联回转支承股份有限公司 | Diameter measuring device for giant-scale member |
-
2007
- 2007-07-18 CN CN200710024997A patent/CN100582646C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102564270A (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2012-07-11 | 东南大学 | Tubular vernier measuring scale for measuring sealing size |
| CN102679843A (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2012-09-19 | 东南大学 | Non-full-circle pi ruler for measuring major outside diameter |
| CN102679843B (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2014-11-19 | 东南大学 | Non-full-circle pi ruler for measuring major outside diameter |
| CN103162592A (en) * | 2013-03-06 | 2013-06-19 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳发动机设计研究所 | Plug-type axially symmetric spray pipe outlet diameter measuring tool |
| CN103162592B (en) * | 2013-03-06 | 2015-09-09 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳发动机设计研究所 | A kind of plug axisymmetric nozzle outlet diameter measuring tool |
| CN105588532A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-05-18 | 洛阳新强联回转支承股份有限公司 | Diameter measuring device for giant-scale member |
| CN105588532B (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2018-02-13 | 洛阳新强联回转支承股份有限公司 | A kind of measurement apparatus of huge diameter of part |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100582646C (en) | 2010-01-20 |
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