CN101106346A - 同步电机驱动系统 - Google Patents

同步电机驱动系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101106346A
CN101106346A CNA2007101095795A CN200710109579A CN101106346A CN 101106346 A CN101106346 A CN 101106346A CN A2007101095795 A CNA2007101095795 A CN A2007101095795A CN 200710109579 A CN200710109579 A CN 200710109579A CN 101106346 A CN101106346 A CN 101106346A
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China
Prior art keywords
drive system
inverter
synchronous motor
acceleration
motor drive
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CNA2007101095795A
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CN101106346B (zh
Inventor
岩井龙一郎
渡边聪
松嵜景孝
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Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/02Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
    • H02P25/022Synchronous motors
    • H02P25/024Synchronous motors controlled by supply frequency
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P5/00Arrangements specially adapted for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of two or more electric motors
    • H02P5/46Arrangements specially adapted for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of two or more electric motors for speed regulation of two or more dynamo-electric motors in relation to one another
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P5/00Arrangements specially adapted for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of two or more electric motors
    • H02P5/74Arrangements specially adapted for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of two or more electric motors controlling two or more ac dynamo-electric motors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2207/00Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the type of motor
    • H02P2207/05Synchronous machines, e.g. with permanent magnets or DC excitation

Abstract

本同步电机驱动系统中的逆变器,对包含倾斜着磁后的磁铁转子的多个同步电机进行同步驱动。逆变器在使输出频率变化从而加减速运转时,根据负荷的惯性和加减速的值进行前馈运算从而自动控制输出电压。

Description

同步电机驱动系统
技术领域
本发明涉及同步驱动多个同步电机的驱动系统。
背景技术
最近,作为各种设备的驱动电机,控制性和效率优越的同步电机的利用在增加。而且,也在提议对用于驱动同步电机的逆变器进行改良。在驱动同步电机时,防止加减速时的失调非常重要。例如,日本专利申请特开2005-143178号公报上,关于混合(hybrid)形的同步电机,公开了通过在逆变器的输出电压上增加ΔV来防止加减速时的失调的驱动方法。但由于ΔV的值是一定的,无法对应加减速的值或者负荷的惯性(inertia)变化的情况,存在失调的危险性。
发明内容
本发明的同步电机驱动系统,包括具有倾斜(skew)着磁后的磁铁转子的多个同步电机以及一台同步驱动多个同步电机的逆变器。上述逆变器在使输出频率变化从而使同步电机加减速时,根据加减速的值和负荷的惯性进行前馈运算从而自动控制输出电压。由此,即使加减速的值或负荷惯性变化,也可以进行稳定的同步驱动。
附图说明
图1表示使用本发明的实施方式中的驱动系统的搬运装置。
图2是表示本发明的实施方式的驱动系统中的同步电机的结构的平面展开图。
图3是表示对于本发明的实施方式的驱动系统中的逆变器的输出电压的说明图。
具体实施方式
下面,使用附图说明本发明的实施方式。
图1表示使用本发明的实施方式的驱动系统的搬运装置1。
同步电机3对驱动滚轮2进行驱动,驱动滚轮2上装载的工件5,通过驱动滚轮2的旋转被移送。逆变器4对多个同步电机3进行同步驱动。
图2是表示本发明的实施方式的驱动系统的同步电机3的结构的平面展开图,也是磁铁转子的倾斜着磁的说明图。如图示那样,同步电机3含有12齿的定子核心和被8极着磁后的转子磁铁。定子齿上,含有U相、V相、W相的3相8极定子绕线以集中缠绕方式进行绕线,为了使旋转平滑,转子磁铁进行倾斜着磁。
如果把倾斜角度设定为将360°除以定子齿数(12)和转子极数(8)的最小公倍数(24)得到的角度(15度),则可以使凿密(caulking)扭矩最小。通常的倾斜角度为15度到30度(1定子齿间距)的范围。
通过将倾斜角度设定为在该范围,转子磁铁的1个N极(或者S极)的磁束成为始终与两个以上的定子绕线相交的状态。其结果,可以改善转子磁铁对定子磁场的追随性,从而可以实现同步引进。
3相定子绕线是将细电线进行绕线,从而具备阻抗保护功能,可以确保过负荷时的安全。由此,因为过负荷时的电流增加变少,对于脱落扭矩进行控制的容许度变大,具有可以防止失调的优点。
图3表示对于本实施方式的驱动系统的逆变器4的输出电压。逆变器4虽然在一定频率下驱动时的输出电压是V,但使频率变化进行驱动时,即加减速驱动时的输出电压是在V上增加升压量ΔV后的Vs(Vs=V+ΔV)。ΔV的值根据频率、加速度、负荷惯性等以前馈方式进行运算。
逆变器4在起动时(加速时)进行软起动或者在停止时(减速时)进行软停止。由此,可以抑制起动停止时的急剧的电流变化并防止失调,同时使搬运装置1上的工件平滑地传送。
如图3所示,逆变器4对输出电压进行控制,使得从起动频率fs到稳定频率fr,通过点a-b-d-e-c。在a-d之间起动,在d-e之间加速,e-c表示向稳定运转过渡。在e点达到稳定频率fr后,向作为稳定运转的输出电压V的c点快速过渡。
图3的ΔV,在概念上可以用式(1)表示:
K 1 × ( f 1 - f 2 ) 2 × K 2 × K 3 . . . ( 1 )
式(1)中,频率从f1变化到f2时,将变化量平方后进行开平方根运算是为了求加速度的绝对值。
K1表示电机的阻抗校正系数,驱动频率就是运转速度变高时变大。K2表示加速度校正系数,加速度变大时设定为较大。K3表示负荷惯性系数并根据负荷惯性而变更。按照本发明的控制方法,ΔV的值根据加减速的值以实时方式被自动地设定,所以具有即使加减速的值发生变化也可以对应的效果。另外,负荷惯性不同的时候,可以通过变更K3的值来对应。
这样,通过在原来的逆变器上增加了软起动、软停止功能以及加减速时电机施加电压的自动设定功能,可以实现更加准确的同步驱动。本发明的驱动系统对于同步驱动搬运装置有用。

Claims (6)

1.一种同步电机驱动系统,包括:
具有倾斜着磁后的磁铁转子的多个同步电机;以及
1台同步驱动所述多个同步电机的逆变器,
所述逆变器在使输出频率变化而进行加减速运转时,根据负荷的惯性和加减速的值进行前馈运算从而自动地控制输出电压。
2.如权利要求1所述的同步电机驱动系统,所述逆变器在包含起动时的加速时进行软起动。
3.如权利要求1所述的同步电机驱动系统,所述逆变器在包含停止时的减速时进行软停止。
4.如权利要求1所述的同步电机驱动系统,所述同步电机具有多相定子绕线,并且所述多相定子绕线具有阻抗保护功能。
5.如权利要求1所述的同步电机驱动系统,所述磁铁转子的倾斜着磁角度是从将360°除以定子齿数和磁铁磁极数的最小公倍数得到的角度开始到1个定子齿间距角度为止的范围。
6.一种搬运装置,使用权利要求1记载的驱动系统,将电机和搬运滚轮的旋转轴直接连接。
CN2007101095795A 2006-07-06 2007-06-27 同步电机驱动系统 Expired - Fee Related CN101106346B (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101783633A (zh) * 2010-03-12 2010-07-21 江苏金方圆数控机床有限公司 两台永磁同步电机的同轴驱动系统

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101340174B (zh) * 2008-08-08 2010-08-04 周顺新 用逆变器拖动多台电动机异步同时实现转子变频调速系统

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JP3731060B2 (ja) * 2000-11-14 2006-01-05 株式会社日立製作所 イナーシャ演算方法及び電動機のドライブ装置

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101783633A (zh) * 2010-03-12 2010-07-21 江苏金方圆数控机床有限公司 两台永磁同步电机的同轴驱动系统

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TW200828737A (en) 2008-07-01
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