CN101104071A - Decoction medicine for treating qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis and preparation method - Google Patents
Decoction medicine for treating qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis and preparation method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101104071A CN101104071A CNA2007101385463A CN200710138546A CN101104071A CN 101104071 A CN101104071 A CN 101104071A CN A2007101385463 A CNA2007101385463 A CN A2007101385463A CN 200710138546 A CN200710138546 A CN 200710138546A CN 101104071 A CN101104071 A CN 101104071A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- stagnation
- blood stasis
- medicine
- radix
- stasis type
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 201000009361 ascariasis Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- PZHWYURJZAPXAN-ILOFNVQHSA-N (+)-absinthin Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@H](C)C(=O)O[C@@H]11)C[C@](C)(O)[C@@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]4[C@H]5[C@@](C)(O)CC[C@H]6[C@H](C)C(=O)O[C@@H]6C5=C(C)[C@@H]4[C@]21C(C)=C3 PZHWYURJZAPXAN-ILOFNVQHSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- GHODAOZUPBDHHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10',11'-epiabsinthin Natural products CC1CC2C3C4C(=C(C)C3C15C6OC(=O)C(C)C6CCC(C)(O)C25)C7OC(=O)C(C)C7CCC4(C)O GHODAOZUPBDHHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- PZHWYURJZAPXAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Absynthin Natural products C12OC(=O)C(C)C2CCC(C)(O)C2C3C4C5C(C)(O)CCC6C(C)C(=O)OC6C5=C(C)C4C21C(C)=C3 PZHWYURJZAPXAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 240000004510 Agastache rugosa Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 240000000233 Melia azedarach Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000301400 Trogopterus Species 0.000 abstract 1
- GMKDAIKQCOMFGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N absinthin Natural products CC1C2CCC(C)(O)C34C5CC(C)(C3C=C(C)C4C2OC1=O)C6=C5C(C)(O)CCC7C(C)C(=O)OC67 GMKDAIKQCOMFGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000003373 curcuma longa Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001215 curcuma longa l. root Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 241000411851 herbal medicine Species 0.000 description 7
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 208000002193 Pain Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 210000003445 biliary tract Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002384 drinking water standard Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010060891 General symptom Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000004880 Polyuria Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010047700 Vomiting Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035619 diuresis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000037336 dry skin Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000000232 gallbladder Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000004998 Abdominal Pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000244186 Ascaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000002881 Colic Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010023126 Jaundice Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000202 analgesic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000941 bile Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001989 choleretic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008828 contractile function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002651 drug therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002964 excitative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003414 extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003405 ileum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000749 insecticidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001630 jejunum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000590 parasiticidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001314 paroxysmal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021055 solid food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000004514 sphincter of oddi Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000035900 sweating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008673 vomiting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002417 xiphoid bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Disclosed is the decoction medicine and the preparation method for treating the Qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis, which relates to the Chinese medicine herbal formula in treatment of the Qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis, the medicine is made from materials with parts by following weights: twenty five to thirty grams of smoked plum, twenty to twenty five grams of coptsir root, eighteen to twenty grams of absinthin, thirteen to fifteen grams of each of szechwan chinaberry fruit and turmeric root tuber, eight to ten grams of each of trogopterus dung, wrinkled gianthyssop and radix aucklandiae. The invention is characterized in that the materials are easy to get, the preparation is convenient, the cost is low and the effect is fast.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to field of Chinese herbal, especially relate to very good a kind of decoction medicine and the preparation method for the treatment of qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis of control qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis effect.
Background technology:
Ascariasis of biliary tract is to creep into the caused a kind of disease of biliary tract by bellyworm, and for seeing, the women is more than the male more with the child.Ascarid is the common parasite of human body, and its habit happiness alkali is disliked acid, often occupy jejunum hypomere and ileum epimere, and the natural inclination of boring is arranged.When biliary tract is ill, the imbalance of Oddi's sphincter contractile function, the normal biliary tract that therefore pierces of ascarid.The general symptom of ascariasis of biliary tract shows as: the xiphoid-process lower right, violent angor takes place suddenly, and split with laughter and go down on one's knees, uneasy in either sitting or lying, the whole body sweating, extreme cold of the limbs is felt sick, vomiting, vomitus contains bile or ascarid, and things are as usual when angor was alleviated, and begins outbreak slightly after a while again, paroxysmal pain occurs.The symptom of qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis shows as: except that the general symptom of ascariasis of biliary tract, and with dim complexion, squamous and dry skin, breast abdomen side of body rib is vexed to expand purplish tongue, manifest symptoms such as thready and hesitant pulse.At present, the method for the treatment of qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis both at home and abroad is more, as western medical treatment method, Chinese traditional treatment method etc.But, be difficult to the effect that reaches satisfied at aspects such as cure rate, treatment means, medical expenses.
Find no the prescription identical by retrieval with the present invention.
Summary of the invention:
The Therapeutic Method that the present invention adopts is the herbal decoction therapy.
The objective of the invention is to overcome the weak point on the treatment qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis at present, and a kind of herbal decoction medicine and preparation method of the treatment qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis easy, easy to prepare, that expense is cheap and cure rate is higher of drawing materials are provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
A kind of decoction medicine for the treatment of qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis, its medicine is to be made by the raw material of following weight parts: Fructus Mume 25-30 gram, Radix seu caulis Berberidis Gagnepainii (Radix Berberidis Virgetori) 20-25 gram, Herba Artemisiae Scopariae 18-20 gram, Fructus Toosendan, each 13-15 gram of Radix Curcumae, Oletum Trogopterori, Herba Pogostemonis, each 8-10 gram of Radix Aucklandiae (Radix Vladimiriae).
A kind of decoction medicine for the treatment of qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis, the preparation method of its medicine is: earlier Chinese herbal medicine such as proportional quantity Fructus Mume, Radix seu caulis Berberidis Gagnepainii (Radix Berberidis Virgetori), Herba Artemisiae Scopariae, Fructus Toosendan, Radix Curcumae, Oletum Trogopterori, Herba Pogostemonis, Radix Aucklandiae (Radix Vladimiriae) are put into the utensil of boiling medicine, add the clean water that meets drinking water standard, amount of water is to surpass powder 2-3cm degree of being.Before going into to fry in shallow oil said herbal medicine is soaked half an hour, make it fully moistening, fully fried in order to medicine juice.Then, (suddenly) fire of useing force boils to be used literary composition (little) fire again instead and decocts.Stop when decocting about 15 minutes, remove medicinal residues, get decoction.
In the decoction medicine of the present invention: Fructus Mume has the astringing intestine to stop diarrhea of astringing the lung, promotes the production of body fluid, the effect of relieving colic caused by ascaris worm; Radix seu caulis Berberidis Gagnepainii (Radix Berberidis Virgetori) has heat-clearing and toxic substances removing, diuresis effect; Herba Artemisiae Scopariae has clearing away heat-damp and promoting diuresis, promoting the function of the gallbladder to alleviate jaundice effect; Fructus Toosendan has eliminating damp-heat, pain relieving, insecticidal action; Radix Curcumae has promoting QI circulation for relieving depression, pain relieving removing blood stasis with potent drugs, choleretic effect; Oletum Trogopterori has promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, analgesic effect; Herba Pogostemonis have fast gas and in, ward off dirty, damp eliminating effect; Radix Aucklandiae (Radix Vladimiriae) has promoting the circulation of QI to relieve pain, warming middle-JIAO for easing the stomach effect.Said herbal medicine is through organic assembling, dialectical compatibility and assist a ruler in governing a country mutually, has strengthened this medicine heat-clearing and toxic substances removing, promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, promoting the circulation of QI to relieve pain, the parasiticidal effect of function of gallbladder promoting, thereby reaches the purpose of curing qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis.
Use the decoction medicine treatment qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis of treatment qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis of the present invention that following characteristics are arranged: draw materials easy, easy to prepare, expense is cheap, instant effect.
Instructions of taking:
1, dose: every day potion.With head fry in shallow oil, two fry in shallow oil the decoction fried in shallow oil for twice and mix after, take at twice.
2, medicine time: the upper and lower noon respectively once took medicine after the meal in two hours.
3, medicine temperature control: decoction being taken warmly.
The taboo item:
Treatment, fried sticky, the cold solid food hard, nondigestible and excitatory of period in a medicine taboo edible oil.
The specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1: a kind of composition of raw materials for the treatment of the decoction medicine of qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis: Fructus Mume 25 grams, Radix seu caulis Berberidis Gagnepainii (Radix Berberidis Virgetori) 20 grams, Herba Artemisiae Scopariae 18 grams, Fructus Toosendan, each 13 gram of Radix Curcumae, Oletum Trogopterori, Herba Pogostemonis, each 8 gram of Radix Aucklandiae (Radix Vladimiriae).The preparation method of medicine is: earlier Chinese herbal medicine such as proportional quantity Fructus Mume, Radix seu caulis Berberidis Gagnepainii (Radix Berberidis Virgetori), Herba Artemisiae Scopariae, Fructus Toosendan, Radix Curcumae, Oletum Trogopterori, Herba Pogostemonis, Radix Aucklandiae (Radix Vladimiriae) are put into the utensil of boiling medicine, add the clean water that meets drinking water standard, amount of water is to surpass powder 2-3cm degree of being.Before going into to fry in shallow oil said herbal medicine is soaked half an hour, make it fully moistening, fully fried in order to medicine juice.Then, (suddenly) fire of useing force boils to be used literary composition (little) fire again instead and decocts.Stop when decocting about 15 minutes, remove medicinal residues, get decoction.
Embodiment 2: a kind of composition of raw materials for the treatment of the decoction medicine of qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis: Fructus Mume 30 grams, Radix seu caulis Berberidis Gagnepainii (Radix Berberidis Virgetori) 25 grams, Herba Artemisiae Scopariae 20 grams, Fructus Toosendan, each 15 gram of Radix Curcumae, Oletum Trogopterori, Herba Pogostemonis, each 10 gram of Radix Aucklandiae (Radix Vladimiriae).The preparation method of medicine is: earlier Chinese herbal medicine such as proportional quantity Fructus Mume, Radix seu caulis Berberidis Gagnepainii (Radix Berberidis Virgetori), Herba Artemisiae Scopariae, Fructus Toosendan, Radix Curcumae, Oletum Trogopterori, Herba Pogostemonis, Radix Aucklandiae (Radix Vladimiriae) are put into the utensil of boiling medicine, add the clean water that meets drinking water standard, amount of water is to surpass powder 2-3cm degree of being.Before going into to fry in shallow oil said herbal medicine is soaked half an hour, make it fully moistening, fully fried in order to medicine juice.Then, (suddenly) fire of useing force boils to be used literary composition (little) fire again instead and decocts.Stop when decocting about 15 minutes, remove medicinal residues, get decoction.
Therapeutic effect:
Criterion of therapeutical effect: a kind of curative effect for the treatment of the decoction medicine treatment qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis of qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis judges whether mainly be dependent on the qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis symptom disappears.Taking medicine 4 days is 1 course of treatment.Concrete curative effect is divided following three grades: cure---and the qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis symptom all disappears; Taking a turn for the better---the qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis symptom obviously reduces; Invalid---after 1 course of treatment of taking medicine, the qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis symptom has no to disappear.
Effect: with these Drug therapy qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis patient 25 examples, treat 1 course of treatment, wherein cure 21 examples, 4 examples that take a turn for the better, cure rate is 84%, effective percentage is 100%.
Model case:
Insult so-and-so, woman, 10 years old.Go to a doctor July calendar year 2001.According to infant household introduction, these are over two days, and infant is often cried out upper right abdomen pain, alleviate a little while, break out again a little while, during outbreak, split with laughter and go down on one's knees, uneasy in either sitting or lying, nausea and vomiting.Indagation, the infant dim complexion, squamous and dry skin, purplish tongue, thready and hesitant pulse is found ascarid in the vomitus.Be diagnosed as qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis.Adopt decoction medicine of the present invention, serve on 4 days after, ascarid is discharged with stool, full symptom disappears.Visit after 3 months, do not see recurrence.
Claims (1)
1. a decoction medicine and preparation method for the treatment of qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis, it is characterized in that this medicine is to be made by the raw material of following weight parts: Fructus Mume 25-30 gram, Radix seu caulis Berberidis Gagnepainii (Radix Berberidis Virgetori) 20-25 gram, Herba Artemisiae Scopariae 18-20 gram, Fructus Toosendan, each 13-15 gram of Radix Curcumae, Oletum Trogopterori, Herba Pogostemonis, each 8-10 gram of Radix Aucklandiae (Radix Vladimiriae).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007101385463A CN101104071A (en) | 2007-07-30 | 2007-07-30 | Decoction medicine for treating qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis and preparation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007101385463A CN101104071A (en) | 2007-07-30 | 2007-07-30 | Decoction medicine for treating qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis and preparation method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101104071A true CN101104071A (en) | 2008-01-16 |
Family
ID=38998278
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007101385463A Pending CN101104071A (en) | 2007-07-30 | 2007-07-30 | Decoction medicine for treating qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis and preparation method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101104071A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103285290A (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2013-09-11 | 安徽省颍上县中医院 | Chinese medicinal composition for treating ascariasis of biliary tract |
| CN104840755A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-08-19 | 姜翠英 | Medicine for treating biliary ascariasis |
| CN104857304A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-08-26 | 姜翠英 | Method for preparing medicine for treating biliary ascariasis |
| CN115919987A (en) * | 2022-12-24 | 2023-04-07 | 祈蒙股份有限公司 | Traditional Chinese medicine composition for promoting qi circulation and relieving pain and preparation method thereof |
-
2007
- 2007-07-30 CN CNA2007101385463A patent/CN101104071A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103285290A (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2013-09-11 | 安徽省颍上县中医院 | Chinese medicinal composition for treating ascariasis of biliary tract |
| CN103285290B (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2015-07-22 | 安徽省颍上县中医院 | Chinese medicinal composition for treating ascariasis of biliary tract |
| CN104840755A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-08-19 | 姜翠英 | Medicine for treating biliary ascariasis |
| CN104857304A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-08-26 | 姜翠英 | Method for preparing medicine for treating biliary ascariasis |
| CN104840755B (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2016-05-18 | 中南大学湘雅医院 | Medicine for treating biliary ascariasis |
| CN104857304B (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2016-08-24 | 周少波 | A kind of compositions purposes in the medicine of preparation treatment ascariasis of biliary tract |
| CN115919987A (en) * | 2022-12-24 | 2023-04-07 | 祈蒙股份有限公司 | Traditional Chinese medicine composition for promoting qi circulation and relieving pain and preparation method thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101104042A (en) | Decoction medicine for treating damp-heat type biliary ascariasis and and preparation method | |
| CN101104071A (en) | Decoction medicine for treating qi stagnation and blood stasis type biliary ascariasis and preparation method | |
| CN101129556A (en) | Orally taken traditional Chinese medicine for treating acute pancreatitis | |
| CN101104038A (en) | Decoction medicine for treating liver qi stagnancy biliary ascariasis and preparation method | |
| CN104352901A (en) | Traditional Chinese medicine for treating gout | |
| CN101095881B (en) | Decoction medicine for treating food retention type biliary ascariasis and preparation method thereof | |
| CN101091745B (en) | Decoction medicine for treating chronic one-way rhinitis, and preparation method | |
| CN101306115B (en) | Decoction for treating acute urticaria | |
| CN101301341A (en) | Decoction for treating acute eczema | |
| CN100998811A (en) | Orally taken Chinese medicine for treating accumulation of phlegm and heat in type bronchitis | |
| CN101095937A (en) | Chinese traditional medicine for treating diabetic gastroparalysis | |
| CN101301344B (en) | Oral Chinese medicine for treating blood-heat drug induced dermatitis | |
| CN100998825A (en) | Oral Chinese medicine for treating yin blood insufficiency type virus myocarditis | |
| CN101306185B (en) | Traditional Chinese medicine taken orally for treating damp-heat depression-steam type bromidrosis | |
| CN101002902B (en) | Oral traditional Chinese medicine for treating middle-energizer damp-heat type night sweat disease | |
| CN1994440A (en) | Orally administered Chinese medicine for treating damp heat retention type insomia | |
| CN101002903B (en) | Oral traditional Chinese medicine for treat upper-energizer damp-heat type night sweat disease | |
| CN1994384B (en) | Orally administered Chinese medicine for treating damp heat downward flowing type dysmenorrhea | |
| CN100998818B (en) | Oral Chinese medicine for treating damp-heat impairment of yang night sweating | |
| CN101002864B (en) | Decoction for treating old lumbar soft tissue injury, and its preparing method | |
| CN100998794B (en) | Oral administration Chinese medicine for treating lower wanner damp-heat night sweat | |
| CN1994408A (en) | Orally administered Chinese medicine for treating insomnia | |
| CN100998717A (en) | Oral traditional Chinese medicine for treating intestinal ascariasis | |
| CN101199753B (en) | Oral administration Chinese medicine for treating dryness-heat cough hemoptysis | |
| CN101095740A (en) | Chinese traditional medicine for oral administration for treating long-time sickness debility type constipation |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Open date: 20080116 |