CN101103634B - 确定编码数据帧序列的损坏指示的方法 - Google Patents

确定编码数据帧序列的损坏指示的方法 Download PDF

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CN101103634B
CN101103634B CN2005800465972A CN200580046597A CN101103634B CN 101103634 B CN101103634 B CN 101103634B CN 2005800465972 A CN2005800465972 A CN 2005800465972A CN 200580046597 A CN200580046597 A CN 200580046597A CN 101103634 B CN101103634 B CN 101103634B
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伊夫·拉曼齐
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于确定分布在网络上的编码数据帧序列(100)的损坏指示的方法,所述数据帧根据基于预测块的编码技术而被编码。所述方法包括下列步骤:将该编码数据帧序列解码,以获得解码数据帧序列(200),基于解码步骤,建立包括二进制数值的可靠性映射(210),二进制数值与解码的数据项目以如下方式相关联:如果相关联的数据项目由于损坏还没有被解码,或者如果参照由于损坏而尚未被解码的参考数据项目预测了所述相关联的数据项目,则该二进制数据等于第一数值(1),否则,等于第二数值(0),基于二进制数值来计算损坏尺度。

Description

确定编码数据帧序列的损坏指示的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及用于确定分布在网络上的编码数据帧序列的损坏(corruption)指示的方法,所述帧根据基于预测块的编码技术而被编码。
举例说来,它可用在移动电话中,以监视接收的数据内容的损坏程度。
背景技术
3GPP规定允许在移动网络上分发多媒体内容的服务。文档TS26.243定义PSS(包交换流)服务。这个服务包括使用UDP(用户数据报协议)之上的RTP(实时传输协议)作为传输层,流传输例如音频和视频的连续媒体。这个传输协议是不可靠的:它并不保证客户将获得由服务器发送的所有数据。因此,提供给终端用户的内容可能是损坏的,并且,对服务提供商来说,为了实现客户监管政策或改编它的资费策略,重要的是监视损坏的程度。
在3GPP PSS版本6中,为向服务提供商报告终端用户的体验质量(QoE),定义了一些尺度(metric)。这个尺度中的一个是媒体的损坏周期。对非预测的编码格式来说,该方法是直接的,因为分组丢失确实导致了一个媒体访问单位(即,媒体的一个基本元素)的损坏。相反地,对预测的编码方案来说,在分组丢失和损坏效应之间并没有直接的映射。错误在解码序列中传播,并且难以精确地知晓什么时候该解码媒体不再损坏了。这对传统的视频编码方案(MPEG、H263和H264)来说是尤其正确的。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提出一种用于确定分布在网络上的编码数据帧序列的损坏指示的方法,以取代现有的尺度。
为此,根据本发明,用于确定分布在网络上的编码数据帧序列的损坏指示的方法的特征在于包括:
-将该编码数据帧序列解码,以获得解码数据帧序列,
-基于解码步骤建立包括二进制数值的可靠性映射(reliabilitymap),二进制数值与解码的数据项目以如下方式相关联:如果相关联的数据项目由于损坏还没有被解码,或者如果参照由于损坏而尚未被解码的参考数据项目预测了相关联的数据项目,则该二进制数据等于第一数值,否则,等于第二数值,
-基于该二进制数值来计算损坏尺度。
因此,本发明提出了新的尺度,以用于指示分布在网络上的编码数据帧序列的损坏程度,而且还提出了所述尺度的直接实现。此外,根据本发明的方法允许以有限的计算成本来精确测量在给定时刻解码数据帧序列内被损坏的数据项目的数量。
根据本发明的实施例,损坏尺度是具有第一数值的二进制数值与二进制数值的总数的比值。
本发明还涉及一种用于实现确定分布在网络上的编码数据帧序列的损坏指示的方法的设备,涉及一种包括这种设备的移动装置,并且涉及一种包括用于实现这个方法的程序指令的计算机程序产品。
参照下文描述的实施例,本发明的这些和其它方面将是显然的,并且将被阐明。
附图说明
现在将作为例子,参照附图,更详细地描述本发明,附图中:
-图1示出了编码视频帧序列的一部分,
-图2A示出了包括在通过网络传输过程中被损坏的数据的解码视频帧的结构,
-图2B示出了根据本发明的可靠性映射,该映射对应于图2A的解码视频帧,和
-图3示出了在预测数据块的情况下建立可靠性映射的方法。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及一种用于确定编码数据帧序列的损坏指示的方法。在根据MPEG视频压缩方案而编码的视频帧的情况下进行下面的描述。然而,对技术人员来说显而易见的是,这些帧可以是音频或文本帧,只要它们是根据基于预测块的编码技术而被编码的。另外,对本领域的技术人员来说显而易见的是,本发明可用于任何视频播放器,该视频播放器使用其它视频压缩方案,例如H261、H263或H264,以及RealVideo或Microsoft VC-9,并且在易错传输系统上接收帧序列。
本发明的原理是基于在解码数据帧的数据项目(即,解码视频帧的情况下的像素)的可靠性映射的解码过程中的维护。
参考图1,图1示出了编码数据帧序列的一部分100。例如,该编码数据帧序列包括:同步标记110、帧头120和帧数据130。当在此序列中丢失了某数据140时,直接的结果就是该解码过程停止,直到找到同步标记110为止。取决于解码器,这可导致一个或几个数据块150的丢失,例如,该数据块对应于当前的视频帧或甚至几个视频帧的末端。
参照图2A,图2A示出了解码视频帧的结构。所述视频帧分为数据块。在通过网络传输该编码视频帧序列的过程中,数据已被损坏了。可以解码并显示未损坏的数据块210。如果编码数据块包括损坏的数据,则它不能被解码,并且显示包含例如黑色像素的无效数据块220。这个损坏的数据块220之后的数据块也不能被解码,并因此显示无效的数据块230。如前面所解释的,在找到同步标记时,才重新开始解码过程。例如,在图2A的情况下,下一个同步标记是下一个帧的起始代码。
下面参照图2B,图2B示出了对应于图2A的解码帧的可靠性映射250。这个可靠性映射具有与解码视频帧相同的尺寸,并且包含像素,该像素具有两个不同的数值:如果像素可靠则为“0”,否则为“1”。在解码过程的开始,将可靠性映射的所有的像素设置为0,即将它们认为是可靠的。该可靠性映射保持不变,直到检测到丢失。当出现丢失时,该可靠性映射作如下更新:将每一个没有被解码的像素设置为1。如果几个视频帧被丢失,则这些没有被解码的像素可以是整个的视频帧,或者,这些没有被解码的像素也可以仅仅是与丢失的数据块相对应的像素。
因而每一次对当前的视频帧进行解码时,就使用解码信息建立当前的可靠性映射。图3示出了预测的数据块的情况。对每一个预测的数据块来说,即对参照参考帧410中的参考数据块411所预测的当前帧420中的数据块421来说,通过向当前的可靠性映射运用相应的运动向量430(即,根据本领域技术人员所知的原理,向当前的数据块运用运动补偿过程),获得数据块421的像素的可靠性数值:如果参考帧中的参考像素是可靠的,则相应的当前像素是可靠的(数值“0”),否则它是不可靠的(数值“1”)。对每一个帧内编码的数据块来说,即对并不参照其它数据块而预测的数据块来说,如果该帧内编码的数据块已经被解码了,则将所有的可靠性数值设置为“0”,否则设置为“1”。
严格地讲,只要与该视频帧相关的可靠性映射的至少一个像素不为零,则这个视频帧被损坏了。然而,上述方法提供了基于像素的可靠信息。因此,可以定义基于例如损坏像素的百分比的渐进尺度(gradual metric)。可以基于视频帧、视频帧组或为整个视频帧序列,提供这个尺度。
本发明的特殊应用领域是移动多媒体。由于根据本发明的方法,提供多媒体流服务的电信运营商可以在流会话中监视他们的终端用户的实际体验。取决于由尺度所给定的损坏程度,电信运营商可以实现客户监管政策或改编它的资费策略。他们也可以采取调整措施。举例说来,电信运营商侧的编码器可以响应于尺度数值,对当前的数据块之后的数据块进行编码,而不必参照参考数据块(即,可以执行帧内编码)。
值得注意的是,上述实施例是说明本发明,而不是限制本发明,并且,本领域的技术人员将能够设计许多可选的实施例,而不超出所附权利要求所限定的本发明的范围。在权利要求中,括号中的任何附图标记不应被解释成对权利要求的限制。总体上,单词“包括”等等并不排除任意权利要求或说明中所列举的元素或步骤之外的元素或步骤的存在。元素的单数标记并不排除该元素的复数标记,反之亦然。本发明可以通过包括几个分立元件的硬件而实现,可以通过适当编程的计算机而实现。在列举了若干装置的设备权利要求中,这些装置中的一些可以由一个相同的硬件实现。唯一的事实是,在彼此不同的从属权利要求中引用的某些措施并不指示这些措施的组合不能产生有益效果。

Claims (4)

1.一种用于确定分布在网络上的编码数据帧序列(100)的损坏指示的方法,所述数据帧根据基于预测块的编码技术而被编码,所述方法包括下列步骤:
-将该编码数据帧序列解码,以获得解码数据帧序列(200),
-基于解码步骤,建立包括二进制数值的可靠性映射(210),二进制数值与解码的数据项目以如下方式相关联:如果相关联的数据项目由于损坏还没有被解码,或者如果参照由于损坏而尚未被解码的参考数据项目预测了所述相关联的数据项目,则二进制数值等于第一数值(1),否则,等于第二数值(0),
-基于二进制数值来计算损坏尺度。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,损坏尺度是具有第一数值的二进制数值与二进制数值的总数的比值。
3.一种用于确定分布在网络上的编码数据帧序列(100)的损坏指示的设备,所述数据帧根据基于预测块的编码技术而被编码,所述设备包括:
-将该编码数据帧序列解码,以获得解码数据帧序列(200)的解码器,
-用于基于解码步骤,建立包括二进制数值的可靠性映射(210)的装置,其中二进制数值与解码的数据项目以如下方式相关联:如果相关联的数据项目由于损坏还没有被解码,或者如果参照由于损坏而尚未被解码的参考数据项目预测了所述相关联的数据项目,则该二进制数值等于第一数值(1),否则,等于第二数值(0),
-用于基于二进制数值来计算损坏尺度的装置。
4.一种移动装置,包括如权利要求3所述的设备。
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