CN101091305A - Method of controlling a wind turbine connected to an electric utility grid - Google Patents
Method of controlling a wind turbine connected to an electric utility grid Download PDFInfo
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- CN101091305A CN101091305A CNA200480044765XA CN200480044765A CN101091305A CN 101091305 A CN101091305 A CN 101091305A CN A200480044765X A CNA200480044765X A CN A200480044765XA CN 200480044765 A CN200480044765 A CN 200480044765A CN 101091305 A CN101091305 A CN 101091305A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036506 anxiety Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005055 memory storage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013139 quantization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/10—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load
- H02P9/105—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load for increasing the stability
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0272—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor by measures acting on the electrical generator
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
- F03D9/255—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
- H02M5/40—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
- H02M5/42—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
- H02M5/44—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
- H02M5/453—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M5/458—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
- F05B2270/107—Purpose of the control system to cope with emergencies
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0096—Means for increasing hold-up time, i.e. the duration of time that a converter's output will remain within regulated limits following a loss of input power
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2101/00—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators
- H02P2101/15—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators for wind-driven turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method of controlling a wind turbine connected to an electric utility grid during malfunction in said electric utility grid (9). The method comprises the steps of detecting a malfunction in said electric utility grid and operating at least two control units of said power converter (12) in relation to at least one power converter limit value. The invention also relates to a control system for a wind turbine connected to a utility grid and a wind turbine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be operatively connected to when breaking down the method for the wind turbine of described utility network, according to the control system of the introduction of claim 10 and according to the wind turbine of the introduction of claim 15 at utility network (electric utility grid).
Background technology
Typically, in order to generate electricity and, wind turbine to be connected to utility network to user's power supply away from wind turbine.Transmission line or distribution wire by described utility network send to the user with electric power.
Usually be not subjected to the influence of utility network fault by electrical network cut-off switch protection wind turbine and other Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) that is connected to utility network.When detecting fault, described switch disconnects wind turbine from utility network.Can be the above electrical network change of certain concrete restriction with described fault definition, this for example limit, with respect to the rated value of described line voltage, voltage descend above+/-5%.
In some cases, the fault of described utility network comprises that the significant several times voltage in the short time descends, for example, sink (sag) or " continuing low-voltage (brownout) ", they belong to the most normal power disturbance that is recorded in the utility network.
The problem that the electrical network of described wind turbine disconnects is the following fact, and owing to the loss that the electric power from wind turbine generator produces, described variation in voltage all may increase on size and duration.Further, the wind turbine of described disconnection was needing a period of time before being connected to utility network once more.Disconnect described wind turbine influence and produce electric power, thereby influence benefit from this wind turbine.
For the electric network fault of wind turbine through a weak point, prior art has proposed different solutions.Yet, when the voltage of described utility network suddenly disappear and modern variable-ratio wind turbine not when described electrical network disconnects, it will suffer damage.Cause described damage by the rotor-side of wind turbine generator or the voltage of the quick rising in the frequency converter.When because big electric current flows through, especially, will cause further infringement to described wind turbine when flowing to described frequency converter when causing line voltage to return.
In German patent application DE-A10206828, use resistor and power transistor in the DC link of disclosed prior art suggestion between rectifier and inverter circuit, and it is parallel to the capacitor of described DC link.Can switch described resistor with passing in and out, with to the discharge of described capacitor, thereby eliminate the short time voltage spike.
One object of the present invention is to set up such technology, and it can control wind turbine when catastrophe failure appears in utility network, and does not have above-mentioned shortcoming.
Purpose of the present invention especially is to produce a kind of flexible technology, no matter the character of described fault how, it protects described wind turbine after can and eliminating described fault between the utility network age at failure at once.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to a kind of method, it is operatively connected to the wind turbine of described utility network during utility network breaks down, described method comprises the steps and operate about at least one power converter limits value at least two control units of described power converter (power converter).
In view of the above, set up the method that does not comprise aforesaid drawbacks.Its advantage is that described method permission protective device during electric network fault carries out more resilient control, wherein can select a lot of different approach when handling described electric network fault and concrete consequence thus.
Especially, can reduce the dV/dt value, thereby avoid any voltage or current spike that may for example damage the switch of described power converter.
In one aspect of the invention, operate described at least two control units, so that the magnitude of voltage that keeps described DC link is between described minimum and maximum constraints magnitude of voltage about the minimum or the maximum constraints magnitude of voltage of the DC link in the described power converter.In view of the above, can or represent that the further working value (work value) of described converter adds or deduct control unit, so that satisfy and suppress the consequence of described fault about voltage, temperature value.
In one aspect of the invention, described control unit comprises the generator and the grid side circuit of described power converter, this circuit is operated, and with when described minimum that reaches described DC link or the KB limit, described power converter is disconnected from described generator and described utility network.In view of the above, if described electric network fault is too serious, and can not spend under situation about not disconnecting from described utility network, then it can protect described power converter.Further, it can preserve some minimum value such as DC link voltage and converter frequency value, and when described utility network turns back to normal function, these values will become the initialization value of described power converter.
In one aspect of the invention, described control unit further comprises one or more resistor pieces (resistor block), and it connects at least one resistor between the bus of the DC link in the described power converter.In view of the above, can power be passed to ground plane from the capacitor of described DC link, thereby reduce the DC link voltage by described resistor.
In one aspect of the invention, described at least one resistor switchably is connected to described bus.In view of the above, can alleviate the described piece anxiety that run into (strain) relevant with described continued operation.
In one aspect of the invention, switch each of described resistor piece with the frequency of magnitude of voltage that depends on described DC link.In view of the above, can optimize the power reduction relevant and the switching of power converter with the resistor piece.
In one aspect of the invention, along with the magnitude of voltage of described DC link raises, described resistor piece work (active) that become in succession.In view of the above, can be with described correlation that is adjusted into described failure condition.
In one aspect of the invention, in the time period of restriction, each described resistor piece works.In view of the above, can guarantee can not make described work long-time excessively, cause damaging described control system.
In one aspect of the invention, each described resistor piece is operated and becomes about their deblocking temperature and works.In view of the above, can control described more exactly, and thereby prolong during described work.
The invention still further relates to a kind of control system, wherein, described system further comprises at least two control units of described power converter, between described age at failure, controls described power converter about at least one power converter limits value.In view of the above, set up an advanced person's control system.
In one aspect of the invention, described at least two unit comprise a plurality of resistor pieces, and wherein, each piece comprises at least one resistor and switch.In view of the above, can control described separately, and optimize described power reduction.
In one aspect of the invention, described resistor piece further comprises temperature measuring equipment.
In one aspect of the invention, described at least two unit also comprise generator and the grid side circuit by the interconnective described power converter of DC link of described power converter.
In one aspect of the invention, described system comprises the device of measuring DC link voltage value, and the device that described value is compared with limits value, the minimum or the maximum constraints magnitude of voltage of DC link in all power converters as described of described limits value.
The invention still further relates to wind turbine, it comprises at least two unit of described power converter, wherein controls described power converter about at least one power converter limits value.
In one aspect of the invention, described at least two unit of described power converter are left certain distance mutually place, for example, be placed on the diverse location place in cabin.In view of the above, can even up thermal impact from different units, and the size that minimizes any essential cooling device of each unit.
Description of drawings
To the present invention described below with reference to accompanying drawing, wherein
Fig. 1 has illustrated large-scale modern wind turbine;
Fig. 2 has illustrated the wind turbine generator that is connected to the frequency converter of utility network according to having of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 has illustrated the part of described frequency converter;
Fig. 4 a and 4b have schematically illustrated the example of the gate drivers control signal of overvoltage control unit and described unit;
Fig. 5 has illustrated the control system of described overvoltage control unit;
Fig. 6 has illustrated the corresponding curve of the curve of described utility grid voltage and the middle dc voltage when utility network breaks down;
Fig. 7 has illustrated the gate drivers control signal of described overvoltage unit and the corresponding curve of described middle dc voltage; And
Fig. 8 has illustrated the temperature curve of described wind turbine between the utility network age at failure.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the modern wind turbine 1 that has pylon 2 and be positioned at the wind turbine cabin 3 of tower top.The wind turbine rotor 5 that comprises three wind turbine blades, it is connected to described cabin by the slow-speed shaft that stretches out the cabin front end.
As shown in the figure, owing to the lift that acts on the blade, the wind that surpasses to a certain degree will activate described wind turbine rotor, and make its vertical direction rotation at wind.Described rotatablely moving is converted into the electric power that offers utility network.
Fig. 2 has illustrated the preferred embodiment of variable-ratio wind turbine, frequency and power converter 12 that it comprises double fed induction generators 6 and is connected to the rotor of described generator.
Mechanically drive the rotor of described generator by wind turbine rotor (shown in Figure 1 5) by described slow-speed shaft, transmission device and high speed shaft (not shown).Further, described rotor is electrically connected to frequency converter 12.Frequency converter 12 can be middle dc voltage with variable AC voltage transitions, and is converted to the fixedly AC voltage with fixed frequency subsequently.
No matter how wind-force and wind turbine rotor speed change, thus can control described wind turbine with constant voltage and frequency from generator to utility grid.
Described DC link further comprises at least two overvoltage control unit B
1, B
n, the resistor piece, it is connected between two buses of DC link.Each control unit is parallel to DC link. capacitor C, and comprises the resistor R at least and the controlled power switch SP of series connection.The current embodiment of described control unit also comprises and resistor and the antiparallel diode of power switch (power switch).Can open or close described power switch, so that by the resistor guide current, and dissipation power P in resistor thus
1, P
nWhen the resistor conducting electric current by control unit, thereby when electric charge removed, can reduce DC link voltage U from the DC link. capacitor
DCTherefore, can not be with some or whole power P
RThe time period of guiding utility network, the power dissipation that generator can be produced is the power P in the overvoltage control unit
1, P
n
The cut-off switch 11 of stator and rotor makes generator disconnect from described utility network, and for example, this is relevant with maintenance work or the isolated situation in the utility network on the wind turbine.Further, if continue in a long time to relate to the electric network fault that remarkable voltage descends, then described wind turbine can be disconnected from described utility network.
Fig. 3 has illustrated the part of frequency converter, and described frequency converter comprises the branch road and the described DC link of rotor-side converter circuit.Described branch road is a phase of three-phase pulse width modulated (PWM) frequency converter, and comprises two the power switch SP such as igbt (IGBT) with inverse parallel diode.
DC link. capacitor C and described at least two overvoltage control unit B
1, B
nBe connected to the positive and negative busbar of DC link.
Further, described accompanying drawing has schematically been illustrated how at described two overvoltage control unit B at least
1, B
nResistor in dissipation power, thereby reduce described DC link voltage.Control the switch of described unit, make and further to explain as following about the overvoltage value of the frequency converter that comprises described unit and/or temperature simultaneously or in different time sections dissipation power in described resistor.
Fig. 4 a and 4b have schematically illustrated described overvoltage control unit and have controlled the gate drivers control signal G1 of described unit, the example of G2.
Fig. 4 a has illustrated one embodiment of the present of invention, and it relates to the bus-bar system that is connected to DC link 14 and four the overvoltage control unit Bs in parallel with DC link. capacitor C
1-B
4
Each control unit schematically is described as, and comprises resistor R and the switch S P that is controlled by gate drivers control signal G1 or G2.Use the first control signal G1 to control preceding two control unit B
1, B
2, that is, and the power of dissipation same amount in the unit that the difference of the cabin of wind turbine or pylon inside is placed for example.Use the second control signal G2 to control latter two control unit B
3, B
4, that is, and the power of dissipation same amount in the unit that difference is placed.
Fig. 4 b has illustrated the gate drivers control signal G1 that controls described unit, the example of G2.Described annexed drawings set forth the first signal G1 become high unlatching value, overvoltage control unit B thus from low close value in the section between at a time
1And B
2With dissipation power.Subsequently, secondary signal G2 becomes high unlatching value, overvoltage control unit B thus from low close value in the section between at a time
3And B
4With dissipation power.
Described example is illustrated, and controls described overvoltage control unit, so that in different period dissipation powers, wherein, the described period is the different duration, that is, and and the power of dissipation inequality in described control unit.
Yet, can select some control strategies for independent control unit, for example, utilize the resistor of identical or different value and utilize the identical or different time period to control.By the selection of resistor values and time period, the power quantization that control unit can be faced is divided into, for example, and quantity of power that each unit is identical or different quantity of power.
Fig. 5 has illustrated the embodiment according to the control system of overvoltage control unit of the present invention.
Described system comprises some input values for microprocessor μ P from measurement mechanism, such as utility network U
NetMeasuring voltage value, the DC link voltage value U of frequency converter 12
DC, and control unit B
1-B
nTemperature.
Described microprocessor further is included in being connected of parameter and data storage PS, and wherein said memory can be preserved limits value and threshold value, such as minimum and maximum DC link voltage value and temperature value.
Described maximum defined for the danger of the described switch of frequency converter with the overvoltage that may cause damaging.Described minimum value has defined under voltage, its cause with the danger of the switch of the described frequency converter of flowing through with the electric current that may cause damaging.
Described temperature limitation value defined such temperature value, wherein, described control unit or frequency converter will be damaged in this temperature.Described limits value also can comprise time value, such as, control unit can be the maximum duration section that works and face power.Further, can be in memory storage threshold voltage or temperature value, wherein said value defined to carrying out initialized situation such as the action of the more control units of excitation.
Can store other value in memory, such as the overcurrent value, the shorter termination of the control signal of the frequency converter switch of its indication (shorter termination) is for example in order to the rotor current of double fed induction generators of restriction wind turbine.
Described microprocessor passes through gate drivers GD about described measurement with value storage
1-GD
nControl a plurality of control unit B
1-B
nDescribed annexed drawings set forth two control units of each gate drivers control, and come the described control unit of switch with identical gate drivers control signal usually.Yet, need to understand, can control each control unit separately by described microprocessor and gate drivers, perhaps only control two above unit by a gate drivers.
The preferred embodiment of described control system can relate to two or four control units, if but in given application, have advantage, for example, the more multiple unit in the very high frequency converter of power also can be selected other quantity.
Fig. 6 has illustrated utility grid voltage U
NetCurve and the middle DC link voltage U of utility network when breaking down
DCThe example of corresponding curve.
Be curve in utility grid voltage described in the described example by schematically being illustrated, it quickly falls to very value near no-voltage from rated value during electric network fault.
The corresponding curve of DC link voltage comprises because the inclination that the energy storage of described DC link. capacitor causes.Yet described value also reduces, and finally reaches value U
DCmin, wherein, described roller actuator and grid side converter circuit are de-energized, thereby described frequency converter and described generator and described utility network are separated.Further, the control unit that de-energisation connects between the bus of described DC link, and therefore, stop discharge to described DC link. capacitor.Thereby voltage U
DCThe value of remaining U
DCmin, up to eliminating described utility network fault, and described utility grid voltage recovers its rated value, at this moment, and voltage U
DCAlso will return its normal value.
In view of the above, initial current value is restricted to voltage U
DC, its value of remaining on U
DCmin, return up to line voltage.
Fig. 7 has further illustrated the gate drivers control signal G of a plurality of overvoltage unit in the described control system
1, G
2And described middle dc voltage U during the electric network fault
DCCorresponding curve.
Described accompanying drawing has initially been illustrated described electric network fault and how have been caused the overvoltage value of rising to U
1(approach U
MaxValue).In order to protect described frequency converter and described wind turbine, two gate drivers control signals all become high value, thus the excitation corresponding control unit.After a period of time, described voltage is reduced to than low value U
4, and a control signal becomes low value; The de-energisation corresponding control unit, and subsequently, another control signal becomes low value; Last control unit of de-energisation when described voltage keeps reducing.By all control units of de-energisation, described voltage rises once more, and described control system can encourage one or more control units once more, so that control described voltage, disappears up to electric network fault.
Fig. 8 has illustrated the temperature curve of the control unit of described wind turbine between the utility network age at failure, and wherein, described fault starts from t constantly
1Encourage described one or more control unit this moment, and the quantity of power in the face of causing for the superpotential restriction in the DC link of frequency converter owing to them.So temperature curve rises, and at moment t
2Reach the temperature limitation T of the control unit of activity
MaxValue.Described microprocessor further encourages control unit, and described temperature is at moment t
3Be reduced to temperature limitation T
Min, and, result, at least one unit of de-energisation.Continuation is controlled the number of the control unit of activity, disappears up to electric network fault.
The present invention has been carried out example with reference to object lesson.
Yet, be appreciated that to the invention is not restricted to object lesson described above, also can be used for various types of application, for example, be connected to a plurality of wind turbines of identical frequency converter.Further use induction and the synchronous generator that relates to the wind turbine that is connected to full scale frequency converter (full scale frequency converter).
Further, be appreciated that especially and can design described frequency converter, for example, be designed to rectifier and inverter system based on thyristor with various deformation.
Further, be appreciated that if measured value directly or indirectly corresponding to above-mentioned voltage and temperature value, then the present invention can use various measured values, for example, replaces magnitude of voltage with current value.Advise if measure described at least during electric network fault, then also can change the measuring position in the wind turbine system corresponding to above.
Inventory
1. wind turbine
2. wind turbine tower
3. Wind turbine nacelle
4. wind turbine hub
5. wind turbine rotor
6. influence generator
7. the stator side of generator, it comprises being connected with network transformer with cut-off switch and is connected
8. utility network generator
9. has voltage UNetUtility network or network
10. the rotor-side of generator, it comprises and being connected of frequency converter
12. frequency converter
13. rotor-side converter circuit
14. the DC link between rotor and grid side converter circuit
15. grid side converter circuit
16. be connected with the converter of cut-off switch and network transformer
17. the control system of overvoltage control unit
B
nN overvoltage control unit
The C.DC link. capacitor
D. with the antiparallel diode of power switch
En. enable control signal
Gn. n grid control signal
GD
nN drive element of the grid
I. electric current
P
R, Q
RGain merit and idle rotor power flow
P
St, Q
StGain merit and idle stator power flow
P
1, P
nPower flow by control unit under the overvoltage situation
PS. parameter/data storage
R. resistor
The SP power switch is such as igbt (IGBT)
T. time [second]
T. temperature [degree centigrade]
U. voltage [volt]
U
NetUtility grid voltage
U
DCVoltage in the DC link
Claims (16)
1. method of controlling wind turbine, it is operatively connected to the wind turbine of described electrical network during utility network breaks down, and wherein said wind turbine comprises generator and power converter, and described method comprises the steps:
Detect the fault in the described utility network, and
Operate at least two control units of described power converter about at least one power converter limits value.
2. the method for control wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein, minimum or maximum constraints magnitude of voltage about the DC link in the described power converter are operated described at least two control units, so that the magnitude of voltage that keeps described DC link is between described minimum and maximum constraints magnitude of voltage.
3. the method for control wind turbine according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described control unit comprises the generator and the grid side circuit of described power converter, this circuit is operated, with when described minimum that reaches described DC link or the KB limit, described power converter is disconnected from described generator and described utility network.
4. according to the method for any one described control wind turbine in the claim 1 to 3, wherein, described control unit further comprises one or more resistor pieces, and it connects at least one resistor between the bus of the DC link in the described power converter.
5. the method for control wind turbine according to claim 4, wherein, described at least one resistor switchably is connected to described bus.
6. according to the method for claim 4 or 5 described control wind turbines, wherein, switch each of described resistor piece with the frequency of the magnitude of voltage that depends on described DC link.
7. according to the method for any one described control wind turbine in the claim 4 to 6, wherein, along with the magnitude of voltage rising of described DC link, described resistor piece becomes in succession and works.
8. according to the method for any one described control wind turbine in the claim 4 to 7, wherein, in the limited time period, each described resistor piece works.
9. according to the method for any one described control wind turbine in the claim 4 to 8, wherein, each described resistor piece is operated and becomes about their deblocking temperature and works.
10. control system is used for being operatively connected to the wind turbine of described electrical network during utility network breaks down, described system comprises:
Detect the device of the fault in the described utility network, and
Power converter,
It is characterized in that,
Described system further comprises: at least two control unit (B of the described power converter of controlling about at least one power converter limits value between described age at failure
1-B
n).
11. control system according to claim 10 is characterized in that, described at least two unit comprise a plurality of resistor pieces, and wherein, each piece comprises at least one resistor (R) and switch (SP).
12. control system according to claim 11 is characterized in that, described resistor piece further comprises temperature measuring equipment.
13., it is characterized in that described at least two unit also comprise generator and the grid side circuit by the interconnective described power converter of DC link of described power converter according to any one described control system in the claim 10 to 12.
14. according to any one described control system in the claim 10 to 13, it is characterized in that, described system comprises the device that is used to measure DC link voltage value, and be used for device that described value is compared with limits value, the minimum or the maximum constraints magnitude of voltage of the DC link in all power converters as described of described limits value.
15. a wind turbine that is connected to utility network (9), it comprises:
Generator (6),
Be connected to the power converter (12) of described generator and utility network, and
According to any one described control system in the claim 10 to 14, it comprises: about at least two unit of the described power converter of at least one power converter limits value control.
16. wind turbine according to claim 15, wherein, with described at least two unit (B of described power converter
1-B
n) leave the certain distance placement mutually, for example, be placed on the diverse location place in cabin.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DK2004/000921 WO2006069569A1 (en) | 2004-12-28 | 2004-12-28 | Method of controlling a wind turbine connected to an electric utility grid |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101091305A true CN101091305A (en) | 2007-12-19 |
Family
ID=34959687
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA200480044765XA Pending CN101091305A (en) | 2004-12-28 | 2004-12-28 | Method of controlling a wind turbine connected to an electric utility grid |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7859125B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1831987B2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2008526179A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101091305A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2004326154B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0419255A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2591598C (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2637890T5 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2007006440A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2006069569A1 (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2637890T5 (en) | 2020-08-03 |
| US7859125B2 (en) | 2010-12-28 |
| BRPI0419255A (en) | 2007-12-18 |
| EP1831987B2 (en) | 2020-02-05 |
| EP1831987A1 (en) | 2007-09-12 |
| MX2007006440A (en) | 2008-03-11 |
| AU2004326154A1 (en) | 2006-07-06 |
| JP2008526179A (en) | 2008-07-17 |
| ES2637890T3 (en) | 2017-10-17 |
| AU2004326154B2 (en) | 2009-03-19 |
| CA2591598A1 (en) | 2006-07-06 |
| US20090079193A1 (en) | 2009-03-26 |
| CA2591598C (en) | 2012-10-02 |
| WO2006069569A1 (en) | 2006-07-06 |
| EP1831987B1 (en) | 2017-07-19 |
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Application publication date: 20071219 |