CN101087311A

CN101087311A - Intelligent AD-HOC self-adapted sensor network based on multi-protocol module structure

Info

Publication number: CN101087311A
Application number: CN 200710004871
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘恒春
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-02-12
Filing date: 2007-02-08
Publication date: 2007-12-12

Abstract

The invention relates to self-adapting sensor network technique which is based on multiple protocols module structure wisdom-type AD-HOC, specially, relates to wisdom-type sensor network control system which is based on multiple protocols module structure. It aiming at resolving current defects of sensor network, the invention designs a kind of AD-HOC wisdom-type sensor network system which is based on self-adapting, self-diagnosis, self-maintenance, self-managing. The system introjects current network technique and advanced wisdom-type structure to form the calculation mode of 'wisdom-type sensing control integrated', realizes the new running mode, new grouping mode, new structure mode, new theory mode of sensor network. It can run the sensor network wisdom-type network. The sensor in the invention can be used widely in history, agriculture, environment protection, military affairs.

Description

Self-adapted sensor network based on the intelligent AD-HOC of multi-protocol module structure

One, technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of self-adapted sensor network technology based on the multi-protocol module structure intelligent AD-HOC, more specifically say, relating to a kind of is the intelligent sensor network control system based on multi-protocol communication flush bonding module structure at center with the network.

Two, background technology:

Now, existing at home and abroad sensor network field, basically all be in the initial stage of development, traditional transducer is based on analog signal, its input, 4-20ma is all adopted in output mostly, 0-10v, 0-5v, 1-5v, standard analog electric currents such as 2-10v, voltage signal carries out the transmission of transducer electrical measurement signal, single processing is all continued to use in the use of most of transducer, transducer substantially only is used for the signal input of control system, source as a front-end information, be subordinated to control system itself, can not use as a system separately, afterwards, intelligence sensor had appearred in the development along with technology, intelligence sensor itself has just had some functions of control system, so these intelligence sensors can control system of conduct partly use.Make the technical development of transducer reach certain height, intelligence with control system, make the transducer utilization obtain bigger expansion, be deep into Industry Control, the most of aspects of automatic field, and the further development of technology, middle small scale integrated circuit and computer chip design and manufacturing technology, software engineering, rapid development of network technology.Intelligence sensor has had network intelligence gradually, becomes the novel sensor of intelligent network, that is to say that transducer taken leave of the state of single use, has entered the network times of interrelated use.

The notion of sensor network is arisen at the historic moment like this, and from then on the technology of sensor field has entered a new developing period.

And before this, all kinds of corrupt practices creep in for traditional transducer:

What 1, itself used is the simulation electric quantity signal, through the transmitter conversion, in transmission course, often be subjected to the interference of each side, and the electric weight of sensing itself has coarse tolerance index, its precision and repeatability all are subjected to certain restriction, revise also relatively difficulty.Although a lot of sensor technology workers has carried out number of research projects, it is intrinsic also to be difficult to the analog quantity of change own, be subject to the defective of multiple interference, in order to remedy these defectives, transmission cable to transducer itself and transducing signal has all carried out a large amount of technique guarantee work, various jamming-proof technical measures and various precision measure have been carried out, shielding measure, the cost of transducer is significantly improved, various transmitters today, transducer have been caused ... cost an arm and a leg, whole control system cost is strengthened.

2, at industrial control computer system, PLC Programmable Logic Controller system, in the current control device that generally adopts such as single-chip microcomputer intelligence control system, take concentrator cabinet type, box and the control boxlike installation of concentrator, the installation of transducer then is to be distributed in each data collection point, the installation of actuator also is distributed in each control output and carries out point, and these centralized control cabinets, case, box and transducer, the contact of actuator then is with various control signal cables, transducer, the transmitter shielded type cable establishes a connection, such mounting structure causes the complexity of field control cable, information comes and goes increasing of repeating to transmit, the cost up of building is installed, maintenance, maintenance is handled inconvenient, and overall cost is higher.

3, transducer that today is traditional and general intelligent transducer, can not adapt to the requirement of the network control technology of high development today, because the Industry Control of today and automation control, the networked control epoch have been entered, long-haul telemetry, remote viewing, Long-distance Control, network control, these new controls require to have proposed transducer is attached the demand of network transmission function, and the cost of current control system is in general than higher, and it is this in order to reduce than higher controlling cost, the only way out is Intelligent treatment and the network processes part that the too much configuration section of reduction control system is strengthened Sensor section, make an independent transducer itself can bear the functional requirement of a simple control system, so just reduce the basic cost of Measurement and Control System greatly, improved the ratio of performance to price of transducer itself.

4, current various control system, because the high concentration of control resource, the danger of control is increased, and a slight fault lost efficacy and may cause the paralysis and the collapse of whole system, thereby system reliability, stability, fail safe and the degree of freedom are reduced.Because the field data round-trip transmission is more, is subjected to various on-the-spot industrial interference easily, also impel the reliability of system to reduce, failure rate increases, and system availability reduces.

And employing sensing network controlling platform system, take the distributed of localization, put (burying) and go into formula sensing control position installation nearby, integrated or the in-plant installation of sensor body and controller body, controller application node module is inserted the actuator body, carry out processing on the spot, all network nodes reasonably embedded the processing in this locality application of distribution respectively need process points, because it is this special distributed, built-in type is installed reasonably, the local processing, the binding of transducer and controller, the binding of actuator and controller, and adopt the integrated of state-of-the-art on-chip system chip (SOC), miniaturization is accomplished by the system that makes, microminiaturized, device makes the control module node more press close to control object, in conjunction with the control object, cooperate the control object, thereby lay the foundation for more senior electromechanical merges, make Electromechanical Control towards the advanced person, rationally, simple direction is improved.This is the inevitable requirement of current network Based Intelligent Control to current control system, and prerequisite.

And the dispersion of this control and localization process, make the sensing control scattered risks, sensing control is dangerous disperses, the damage at the position of a part only can make the controlling object at this position quit work, and still safe operation of whole system, whole system can not cause collapse, because between the sensing control node module, has only the network information and various control information exchange, and do not have the signal association of complicated electricity to connect and signaling interface, Signal Matching, between each sensing network module node is to carry out independently localization process, do not exist the transmission of electricity to disturb between each module, transmission attenuation, impedance matching, the processing of circuit work that impedance conversion etc. are complicated, simple network connects, and handshaking makes that the efficient of sensor network control system is well improved.

More than these drawbacks improved the basic cost of industries such as Industry Control measurement, observing and controlling and instrument, instrument, limited the application widely of transducer itself, can not satisfy low-cost cheap require and flexibility simplification requirement of national economy aspect low layer information gathering transmission, therefore in the sensor network field, a bigger technological progress must be arranged, and this technological progress inevitable just dropped on exploitation novel, intelligent, adaptive with research, cheaply, on the good quality sensor network oversimplified.

The above is exactly current domestic and international transducer and sensor network present current situation and technical defective and drawback, also is the reality that new sensing control need to require change.

On the Development Technology trend of present sensor network at home and abroad, three kinds of major technology developing direction are arranged.

First kind is based on IEEE1451.X sensor network standard techniques developing direction, relies on the sensor network of wireless network, optical networking, LAN and INTERNET Network Transmission.

Second kind is based on route, multi-hop, self-organizing, self adaptation, manages the large-scale sensor network of AD-HOC freedom of wired and wireless transmission method certainly.

The third is based on the novel universal node type sensor network of TCP/IP.

(1) the domestic and international correlation technique present situation of present IEEE1451.X:

IEEE1451.X sensor network standard is an intelligence sensor interface module standard.It provides the interface standard that transducer and transmitter is connected to network, mainly in order to realize standardization, the networking of transducer.A/D that the employing of IEEE1451 standard is general or D/A conversion equipment are as the I/O interface of transducer, various Sensor Analog Relay System amounts are converted to the data of standard code form, connect same small memory---sensor electrical subdatasheet TEDS (Transducer Electronic Data Sheet), with the processor object module of standard code---network adapter NCAP (Network Capable Application Process) is connected.So, data can be by the agreement access network of network regulation.

When adopting above-mentioned IEEE1451.X standard to realize sensor networkization, wireless communication technology is introduced into original transducer to realize that wireless penetration also is the current hot technology of transducer, is an important directions of transducer development from now on.The technical specification of this respect that IEEE1451.4, IEEE1451.5 are perfect, the sensor network technique that has defined a complete wireless communication develops profile.It also is the main direction of intelligence sensor network development from now on.At home and abroad some research units, large-scale Sensitive Object or drop into great amount of manpower and material resources in this respect at present, follow the IEEE1451.X standard criterion and develop self-defined sensor network product, the general Study level all is in the development phase at initial stage.

Main research contents has:

1, hot plug transducer

2, transmitter TEDS

3, Zui Da compatibility, simply use sensor network.

4, efficient system setting and management more

5, automated system setting faster;

6, the self diagnosis that improves is repaired function;

7, reduce transducer and repair and change the fault time that produces;

8, improve sensing data management, record and storage overall control

9, the automatic employing of normal data

More than these research contents be for solve the hot plug transducer faster system be provided with automatically.Do not have this technology, be provided with and make up a measuring system and will require each passage is used to operate the multiple sensors measurement parameter.For the application of hundreds and thousands of transducers, this had both lost time also increases expense.The correct typing of data is crucial especially, all can cause incorrect test data because data typing mistake or transducer are connected to wrong input channel.Hot-swappable transducer has been eliminated manual procedure, enters measuring system and checks whether each transducer is correctly linked on the passage and can upload required information automatically.

This is very tangible for large-scale sensor application test macro, and the hot plug transducer can be applicable to and relates to the place operation that analog sensor is linked to system interface arbitrarily.No matter it is simple numerical instrument reader or has self-configuration and the intelligence sensor node net of operation that IEEE1451.X can both provide simple, cheap technology, to simplify the connection and the use of transducer.

IEEE organizes and has set up the transducer interconnect standard at wireless sense network simultaneously, concrete consensus standard is IEEE802.15.4, and this standard is devoted to define a kind of all lower, low rate wireless connect technology of utmost point low complex degree, cost and the power consumption for cheap fixing, portable or mobile device use.802.15.4 wireless transmission/reception machine and network are done one's utmost to praise highly by companies such as Motorola, Philips, Eaton, Invensys and Honeywell.Simultaneously, also attracted the attention of other standardization bodies.IEEE1451 standard operation group has considered to realize jamproof, practical sensor network (Sensor Networks) on the IEEE802.15.4 standard base.

IEEE802.15.4 sensor wireless interconnect standard can be used for the foundation of large-scale sensor monitoring network cheaply, and its concrete implementation has also contained Ad-hoc does not have center new network mode, and network interconnection access point mode.

(2) based on route, multi-hop, self-organizing, self adaptation, manage the large-scale sensor network of AD-HOC free type of wireless transmission method certainly.The present state of the art:

Its aspect of mainly studying has both at home and abroad at present:

1, the routing table of the routing algorithm of self-organizing and multi-hop sends and receives.

2, channel access technology, power-saving technology, miniaturization technologies, embedded microminiature operating system also are the direction and the contents of main research both at home and abroad.

3, many companies also concentrate on sensor network nodes oriented energy validity, real-time, regionality, extensibility, adaptivity, aspects such as fault-tolerance in research direction both at home and abroad.

Self adaptation, ad-hoc wireless sensing net are applied as the center with data, and the network node major part that its high density distributes on a large scale is static.And, because the restriction of the existence, particularly energy of data fusion between adjacent node or the zone is very different self adaptation, ad-hoc wireless sensing net and legacy network.The routing algorithm of wireless sense network requires to have characteristics such as energy efficiency, real-time, regionality, extensibility, adaptivity, fault-tolerance.Therefore, lot of domestic and international company all concentrates on this direction and concentrates research

Common adaptive wireless sensing net, according to node in network with the data communication mode of convergence point, can be divided three classes: direct communication, plane, cluster Routing Protocol.The direct communication Routing Protocol is meant that node directly communicates by letter with convergence point, only is applicable to small-sized network, when node number and zone radius increase, and energy consumption and disturb all very greatly each other, network life can be very short; Node in the plane Routing Protocol all is an equality, is a kind of multi-hop agreement therefore, and the node around its networks converge point is because data traffic is big, and the life-span is very short, thereby has influenced the life span of whole network.And the cluster Routing Protocol has easy expansion, and manageability can be accomplished advantages such as Energy Efficient.And comprising Buddhist nun's Weir suddenly in a lot of companies external aspect this research contents, Rosemount is all concentrated research to this.

The third is based on ICP/IP protocol novel sensor network.

(3) based on the universal nodes type sensor network of ICP/IP protocol.Be mutually combining of the appearance of network technology of representative and it and other high and new technologies with Internet, not only begun to bring the intelligent Web product into the modern life, and brought unprecedented development space and opportunity for measuring with sensor technology.With Internet the perfect day by day of the computer network rapid development of representative and correlation technique, the space-time restriction and the region obstacle of traditional communication mode have been broken through, make communication in larger scope become very easy, this has just paved road for the generally foundation and the extensive use of sensing measurement and control network.ICP/IP protocol as a kind of Embedded application, be embedded in the spot sensor, the sending and receiving of signal are all carried out in the TCP/IP mode, transducer is serving as the role of independent processing unit in the network, but the information spanning network transfers to any field in one's power, makes on-line measurement real-time, dynamic (comprising long-range) become possibility.Such test macro can be saved a large amount of field wirings, expansion system territorial scope in one's power, brings great convenience also for simultaneously the expansion and the maintenance of system.

Above sensor network three big advanced just in the ascendant the advancing of main Development Technology trend.

Project sensor network technique of the present invention is followed above-mentioned three large sensor network technical development technique directions, have at me on " based on multi-protocols flush bonding module structural network controlling platform " technical foundation of patent of invention, absorb and improve advanced technology pattern in the present above-mentioned three major types sensor network trend, development a new generation intelligence sensor networking products of novelty.

Three, summary of the invention:

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention:

Moment sensor product ubiquity following drawback and defective as mentioned above:

What 1, product sensor itself produced is the simulation electric quantity signal, sort signal is crossed the transmitter conversion, often is subjected to the interference of each side in transmission course, and the electric weight of sensing itself has coarse tolerance index, its precision and repeatability all are subjected to certain restriction, revise also relatively difficulty.Although a lot of sensor technology workers has carried out number of research projects, it is intrinsic also to be difficult to the analog quantity of change own, be subject to the defective of multiple interference, in order to remedy these defectives, transmission cable to transducer itself and transducing signal has all carried out a large amount of technique guarantee work, various jamming-proof technical measures and various precision measure have been carried out, shielding measure, the cost of transducer is significantly improved, various transmitters today, transducer have been caused ... cost an arm and a leg, whole control system cost is strengthened.

The above is exactly current domestic and international transducer and sensor network present current situation and technical defective and drawback, also is the reality that new sensing control need to require change.It also is the technical problem to be solved in the present invention.

Based on the above technical problem that will solve, purpose and task that special proposition this invention will realize:

Promptly on based on multiple transmission physical medium basis, and on, the free type novel based on AD-HOC, large-scale novel communication network technology, simultaneously also based on IEEE1451.X sensor network standard and IEEE802.15.4 sensor wireless interconnect standard.Realize the new operational mode of sensor network, new networking mode, new frame mode, new theoretical mode.

The purpose of this project innovation and creation is described promptly more specifically: on IEEE1451.X sensor network standard, the AD-HOC free type adaptive communications network technology that the emphasis utilization is emerging, and in conjunction with many applicabilities characteristics based on the novel universal node type sensor network of ICP/IP protocol, at the single-core fiber multiplex technique of some fields employings based on GE-PON, the wireless channel multiplex technique, stand in forward position, sensor network field, sensor network field main flow Development Technology faces the future, the technological invention of creative this project of proposition, finish and promote the sensor network product towards multifunction, self adaptationization, dexterityization develops with the cheap direction, make each row that is used in that sensor network popularizes more, among the information-based process of each industry, realize that sensor network replaces the task of quite a few computer network.

And with the SOC on-chip system chip is sensing network application node module, sensing network resource and configuration node module, sensing network storage node module, sensing network resource distribution node module, the sensing network communication node administration module of core texture ... on the basis, follow standards such as IEEE1451.X and IEEE802.15.4, utilization AD-HOC adaptive mesh technique is realized basic structural unit in these sensing network node modules.This just one " microminiature sensing platform " system, in " the control sensing network " of this small transducer and execution one, can accomplish the sensing control resource-sharing, software is shared, storage is shared, the sensing network resource-sharing, control data is shared, and the computing node processing unit is worked in coordination with and is carried out computing, thereby improved the sensing control resource utilization greatly, improve the reliability of sensing control, the robustness of fail safe and sensing control, thereby make sensing and controlling system that better excellent comprehensive performance be arranged, form " micro-structural control sensing network is integrated " computation schema of sensing and controlling system advanced person of future generation.

Purpose and task in order to realize the invention described above have proposed following technical proposal:

" based on the self-adapted sensor network of the intelligent AD-HOC of a multi-protocol module structure " technology is promptly proposed.

Described " based on the self-adapted sensor network of the intelligent AD-HOC of multi-protocol module structure " its technology contents comprises: in this sensing architecture, have with the SOC on-chip system chip is the sensing network application node module of core texture, sensing network resource and configuration node module, sensing network storage node module, the sensing data Fusion Module, the sensing data safety management module, sensing network resource distribution node module, sensing network routing to communicate node administration module ... Deng, all be solidified with oneself software activation program in these sensing network node modules, drive engine.

Its technology contents also comprises: improved dynamic data list injection technique; According to energy consumption control mode by situation; The micro embedded system for sensor network operating of refining component members; Improved sensor network and system configuration; Sensor network system operational mode and management mode; Sensor network dynamic clustering system management; Compound power-saving technology;

Described network application node module and Internet resources and configuration node module portion within it are solidified with the inherent function program;

After the self-adapted sensor network of described intelligent AD-HOC based on multi-protocol module structure powered on, described Internet resources and configuration node module were carried out the initialization to network system, and described network application node module is carried out initialization to himself simultaneously;

Described Internet resources and configuration node module are carried out a series of flow processs that set in advance configuration on the basis of obtaining the network system control, to described network application node module loading shared resource program assembly, member, network information exchange, parameter exchanger process are set according to the brief description load mode of parameter;

After process that described Internet resources and configuration node module are provided with parameter and resource allocation finished, described Internet resources and the control of configuration node module release to network system sent working signal to described network application node module;

Described network application node module receives the working signal from described Internet resources and configuration node module, the inherent function program of independent operating localization, network information exchange, parameter exchanger process that operation is provided with by described Internet resources and configuration node module by the program resource assembly of described Internet resources and configuration node block configuration, member and operation, thus whole network control system enters the Collaborative Control calculating running status of determining of sharing out the work and help one another of setting;

Calculate under the running status in described Collaborative Control, described Internet resources and configuration node module are under the situation that needn't obtain network control power, management diverse network process, reply and carry out the diverse network request, monitor the network address mapping request that described network application node module is sent, the modularization of guiding resources bank, componentization module software resource flow in Control Network and move, and middle data and final result data are managed.

The self-adapted sensor network of described intelligent AD-HOC based on multi-protocol module structure is characterized in that:

The brief description transmission of described parameter is meant all kinds of Control Parameter is encapsulated in respectively in the succinct packet that has the packet header signature separately that be convenient to identification, classification sends.

The mapping of the described network address is meant in described network application node module to have network address decoding table, visits this address, is about to address decoding and is mapped to the member that will visit, the actual effective address of network of component software resource.

But described Internet resources and configuration node module not only can manage and carry out the online programming of resource distribution to described network application node module, but also have necessary network data storage carrier, jumbo assembly, component resource storehouse and storage carrier thereof.

Also comprise the network communication node module, be used for carrying out getting in touch and information exchange such as outer net control connection, control information exchange, INTERNET visit, Long-distance Control visit and teledata exchange with outer net; In addition, described network communication node also is used for network service control information convergence processing and distribution.

Described network application node module is provided with body sensors and composite stereo transducer thereon.

Described improvement has dynamic data list injection technique, it is characterized in that:

Can be implemented in the on-the-spot running realize changing sensing node this in character, measuring range, precision ... etc. performance index, realize the long-range adjustment setting of sensor node itself, realize repeatability utilization, the flexibility utilization of sensor node.

The dynamic data list injects: IEEE1451.X sensor network normal data is the key point of this technical standard, the content of this technical standard is the data memory of inside and outside affix at each transducer, the title of transducer itself, character, measuring range, precision, repeatability index, environmental parameter, produce and produce house, the model standard, produce sequence number ... etc. storage among a data version, this data structure is exactly sensing data list (TEDS), moreover, more senior data form can also be the measurement functions of sensor application, the metric data that adjustment is relevant with other with calibration data, inject wherein, each sensor node of system can both be installed easily, setting reaches plug and play, but these data are a kind of fixing one-time write data in present based on network general transducer, be the data of read-only character, can not on-the-spot online modification, perhaps enrich, therefore this has just limited the range of application of a sensor network nodes itself, the improving on hardware and software of this project sensor network novelty.

In the sensor network field, all adopt single static list technology basically at present, the flexibility of sensor network and adaptivity are poor like this.

And present domestic sensor production producer does not mostly adopt 1451.X series sensor network standard, continues to use traditional analog sensed mode basically and produces general product sensor.

Described original sensor network nodes---the resource management module technical approach is characterized in that:

The resource management module node is in system, it is a complete independently network processes computer system, it has the complete hardware system of oneself, complete software executive program is also arranged, the network of oneself connects and communication structure, and corresponding network communication program module software system, it is a whole network system handles important node, the effect that it plays is a management, control, the configuration center effect, it not only has but all other sensing network node modules is managed function with the online programming of resource distribution, and also have the network data of the necessity of oneself to store carrier, the assembly that capacity is bigger, the component resource storehouse (promptly loads the function of application member that injects in advance, assembly, program module) and the storage carrier, and it also has the program pointer counter of own working procedure own, and sensing network management operating flow process pointer, also has all hardware sensing node resource that it is managed simultaneously, sensing network resource addresses stack, (ID's, IP's, physics, logic) pass through flow processing, Interrupt Process, message response, just can select the space of required address in these address stacks to conduct interviews, just can be to all logics of sensing network, access to netwoks is carried out in the address of physics, control, configuration, " with the network is the way to manage of " center ", plays the effect of this embedding of management sensing network system control in embodiment.

Such as, this project sensing network resource module is used in the detection and condition diagnosing system of high speed paper machine, can be embedded into easily on the paper machine line, and best rational position is managed various sensing modules, and playing with the network is the way to manage at center.

Because the production line length of the high-speed cruising of paper machine and paper machine is all between 150 meters to 300 meters; bigger with its system resources consumption of computer system management; its distributed on a large scale situation; requirement to industrial control computer; such as various holding wires, power line, control line ... the relative central control board that focuses on is all arranged, caused system complex like this, management is difficult for; reliability reduces, and fault is difficult to diagnosis and causes frequent shutdown.(per hour several ten thousand yuan of shutdown loss), and adopt no center not have succinct route of central control board and resource management module, the various nodes of management of sensor network.Both played the effect of central control board, and avoided the wiring expense of complicated repetition again, it is reliable to have reached control, manages simple requirement.

Described improved control channel separates the double-channel access technology with data channel, it is characterized in that:

In wireless and optical fiber communication technology, multiplexing of channel be the comparison key and important techniques, being transmitted on the wireless channel He on the wire message way of this sensor network information all will rely on the channel multiplexing technology.Just realize.If but information transmits data channel and control channel and is in the same time slot and transmits in this sensor network, information might make the mistake, in order to solve this technical difficult problem, be necessary in control strategy transmission redesign that control information and data message are carried out, comprise hardware, software, control information is transmitted in certain new distributed time slot, data message transmits in certain in addition time slot, reach the purpose of channel separation, thereby make reliability of information transmission reach bigger raising, the applicability of sensor network is highly improved.

Described energy consumption control mode according to the route situation is characterized in that:

Present technique principle key is to press the number of times of information redirect minimumly according to the route situation, thereby saves energy consumption significantly, prolongs the sensor network cycle of operation.

This sensor network is owing to be distributed installation, its environmental condition requires can not centrally connected power supply, must be independent separately carry power supply, power supply also needs the regenerative electric power ability simultaneously, however, because necessary long-term independent operating after transducer is laid, therefore the saving of the energy is very important, this also is the technical barrier that all the sensors network need solve, therefore in the saving aspect the energy consumption, the utilization of this sensor network products innovation conservation measures, and carry out energy consumption according to the route situation and control, avoid the transmission that repeats of heat transfer agent data as far as possible, promote the efficient of information transmission path, and carry out certain data and integrate, make the data volume of transmission succinct as far as possible, lucid and lively.Transmission is short conduction time, and energy consumption is little.

The micro embedded system for sensor network operating of described refining assembly structure is characterized in that:

Micro embedded system for sensor network operating with refining assembly structure uses the operation of Componentized software to promote efficient and succinct system management, reduces many hardware spendings.

In sensor network system, because its hardware resource is limited, the software systems running space is limited, thereby the embedded OS running space is also limited, its operational efficiency requires than higher simultaneously, thereby the size of code of embedded system and flexibility all require than higher, flexibility, associativity to the operation of the structure of operating system, assembly, member efficient, module all have certain requirement, therefore with the micro embedded system for sensor network operating of refining assembly structure, just seem very necessary.

Such as, this project product beta test is in high speed paper machine state-detection and diagnostic system, need state-detection and diagnosis fast, its design surface is very wide, the relation of various parameters is very complicated, general sensor network system is difficult to accomplish real-time diagnosis, detect and adopt high performance computerized diagnostic system to carry out system, then need complicated software and high performance hardware height to cooperate, its hardware-software cost is all very high like this, also do not have and such diagnostic system is at present domestic, must be from external import.

The improvement of described sensor network and system configuration is characterized in that:

Be under a concrete network environment, the SOC on-chip system chip of network communicating function is a core devices to have by force, auxilliary rib configuration peripheral components, form the sensor network nodes processing module with this, as the elementary cell node, be connected to tie with multiple physical medium connection and multi-protocol communication software logic, foundation is with shared sensor Internet resources between sensor network nodes, the sensor network collaborative process is the center, and sensor network nodes module localization application program is treated to the basis, and embedded type sensor network operating system inner core and multi-protocols sensor network communication software are operation platform, form one simple in structure, use transparent, standard open, cheap, the local processing, network connects, resource-sharing, collaborative calculating, equipment is embedded, and sensing control is carried out the control and treatment structuring platform of one.In this architecture, have with the SOC on-chip system chip is the sensor network application node module of core texture, sensor network resource and configuration node module, sensor network storage node module, the sensor node module, sensor network communication node administration module ... Deng, all be solidified with in these sensor network nodes modules oneself the software activation program, drive engine, more than as the basic structural unit of sensing network operation.This just one " microminiature Control Network " controlling platform, in " Control Network " of this small sensing and execution one, can accomplish that resource-sharing, software are shared, storage is shared, Internet resources are shared, control data is shared and each sensing node processing unit is collaborative carries out computing, thereby improved the sensing resource utilization greatly, improve the robustness of reliability, fail safe and the sensing of sensing, thereby make sensor-based system that better excellent comprehensive performance be arranged, form " micro sensing network " computation schema of sensor-based system advanced person of future generation.

The sensor network system operational mode and the management mode of described original creation is characterized in that:

Transducer " the brief description of parameter transmits " technical approach, be that all kinds of parameter sensings are encapsulated in respectively in the succinct packet that has the packet header signature separately, be convenient to differentiate, classification sends, it is short and pithy that whole like this number is disturbed bag, it is all quick reliable to send reception, improves the transmission performance of whole parameter sensing.

Mention exclusive transducer " network address mapping " technical approach about above operation principle.Promptly in each application sensors node module, a network address decoding table is all arranged, visit this address, promptly this address decoding is mapped to member in the sensor node that will visit, component software resources effective address, under transducer " resource module " participates in, rapidly with this resource member, assembly downloads on the local sensor and moves, thereby save local sensor storage resources and local hardware resource, reduce the repeated configuration of each sensor application node module resource, it is smaller and more exquisite to reduce volume, make it be more conducive to embedding equipment, the benefit of whole system is greatly improved.

Operating sensor mode and management mode that this system is special, mainly be to allow each node of sensor network system keep " freedom " treatment state to greatest extent, each node of maintenance system is relative independentability to greatest extent, make the system operation mode brevity and lucidity, reduce the communication flows of sensor network system and unnecessary message transmission.But the relative independentability of this each node, " freedom " degree neither be unlimited relatively, when sensor network system under some state of emergency, in particular cases, host node---route resource and configuration node will be exercised the sensor network system dominant right in the shortest time in management, control, umpirage, the control of enforcement such as: node state, the network high level interrupt, parameter forces to rewrite, module forces to load, the module forced unloading, system's guiding and flow process control ... Deng sensor network system network management dominant right, " with the network is the processing mode of " center " to embody sensor node.

Described dynamic cluster system management technical characterstic is characterized in that:

Promptly on the basis that sensor node is sorted out, by analyzing the power consumption state of each node, by suitable routing mode, save each node can the time consume, prolong the life span of node.

By dynamic adjustment class head, prolong network lifetime, by dynamic cluster, adjust class head dynamically, make the routing channel of transmission, data of data more reasonable, make the energy consumption of sensor node still less, effectively transmit conduction time still less, thereby there is the cycle in the life of accomplishing sensing node.

The power-saving technology of described innovation is characterized in that:

Power-saving technology is for having the life cycle of sensor network nodes decisive action, sensor node is distributed in the deep layer inside of space, equipment and the machine of different regions, complexity, its installation and placement is set, replacing power supply that generally can not be at any time, because waste time and energy like this, even impossible sometimes, so the energy supply of sensor node own.The life cycle that just is related to him.

The miniaturization technologies of described innovation is characterized in that:

Use MEMS micro electromechanical structure, nanostructure, design conventional structure, but the small sensor node of volume.

Microminiaturization about transducer is present technology trend, and is a lot of to the content of this research both at home and abroad, comprises and can accomplish both to have saved cost, is effective again, improves the purpose of the ratio of performance and price.

In this sensing architecture, have with the SOC on-chip system chip is sensing network application node module, sensing network resource and configuration node module, sensing network storage node module, sensing data Fusion Module, sensing data safety management module, sensing network resource distribution node module, the sensing network routing to communicate node administration module of core texture ... Deng, all be solidified with in these sensing network node modules oneself the software activation program, drive engine.

By technical scheme provided by the invention, the present invention has following good effect:

Four, existing analog/digital product sensors such as the invention and existing sensors product, digital sensor product, networked product sensor are in the comparison of technical elements

The comparison of this invention project technology and existing sensors technology:

1, existing sensors product and sensor technology are based on analog circuit and analog quantity to this project sensor network product owing to adopted SOC system-on-a-chip technology, the little member of embedded software, micromodule technology, and there is not the embedded software Intelligent treatment, based on circuit and chip, so its product sexual valence is subjected to certain restriction.

2, the present invention has enriched again and the function of having extended telecommunications networks such as GSM-GPRS-CDMA and 3G of future generation, make this sensor network more enlarge range of application, need not below computer network, transmit, and by the most succinct now, most widely used telecommunications network (wired, wireless) transmission, thereby expand the scope of application of this sensor network product greatly, thereby bring the bigger market demand.

And at present domestic and international manufacturer, scientific research institutions are aspect the development of sensor network product, succeeding in developing, and the sensor network product of input limited market, all be to be the basis mostly at ready-made network such as local area ethernet and TCP/IP, set up sensor network, yet the shortcomings and deficiencies of this teaming method are conspicuous, because extensively the Ethernet of utilization and structure is the local area network (LAN) on basis at present, though its network coverage of metropolitan area network and internet is very big, it is the flat roof area of hardware that but great majority only limit to the PC personal computer, and sensor information is the space miscellaneous that is distributed widely in various physical fields, and industry, agricultural, society, each corner of environment, can not all place personal computer in each all places, therefore just limited the application of sensor network, this project sensor network product is owing to break away from the personal computer configuration fully, so just can adapt to a lot of different places and level needs, this project has been enriched again and the function of having extended telecommunications networks such as GSM-GPRS-CDMA and 3G of future generation simultaneously, make this sensor network more enlarge range of application, need not below computer network, transmit, and by the most succinct now, most widely used telecommunications network is (wired, wireless) transmission, thereby expand the scope of application of this sensor network product greatly, thereby bring the bigger market demand, for solid foundation has been established in the market expansion of this project.

3, this project is followed the important technology standard of IEEE1451.X standard, on the electronic spreadsheet basis, the micro-structural of sensor network has been proposed, the technological thought and the engineering practice of smart group type sensor network embedded OS, this is the built-in network operating system that is different from general embedded system, it is based on the micromodule structure, the flexible load mode of micromodule dynamic constitution thought and micromodule, so on these innovative technology means and the improved basis of innovation, the technical performance of this sensor network product and product function, effect all has more characteristic than present other networking products.

And current product sensor and sensor network product great majority are also for to follow the important technology standard of IEEE1451.X standard, and more do not have the micro-structural of sensor network, the technological thought and the engineering practice of smart group of type sensor network embedded OS.

4, this project has adopted route situation energy consumption control mode, sensor node was increased substantially in the life cycle of independent usage space, and designed energy harvester at intranodal, collect some available physical energies by day, expansion so by a larger margin the survival ability of the node in the sensor network, for the user saves human and material resources and the time that maintenance is changed in a large amount of maintenance, improve application efficiency, save user's cost, promoted user's satisfaction.

And current product sensor and sensor network product fully also do not have this route situation energy consumption control mode.

5, LIN agreement low cost, the high benefit mode of nearest up-to-date appearance in this sensor network technique hardware net, have been used.

The LIN agreement is emerging a kind of novel low-cost serial communication bus, and its full name is Local InterconnectNetwork, i.e. Local Interconnect Network's network.It begins to come across automobile industry most, be be to solve the demand for development of having of automobile intelligence networking and reduce a kind of serial bus protocol that the contradiction of automobile making cost puts forward, be mainly used in that needs such as car door, car light are simply controlled but the occasion that requires Based Intelligent Control.Its main feature is: adopt single master controller/how from the facility communication pattern; Realize that based on common UART/SCI interface hardware agreement is simple; Network transmission speed is not high, reaches as high as 20kb/s.Because what the outstanding feature of LIN agreement was an agreement to hardware is low according to the imperial decree degree, can realize with software mode based on the hardware resources such as universal serial port of common single-chip microcomputer, with low cost, therefore can be widely used in the sensor network field.

6, the technology of the present invention has adopted the sensing data confirmation technology based on the neural network prediction device.At first utilize neural net that the time series of transducer output is set up forecast model, utilize this model prediction to go out sensor output value then, and judge the reliability and the validity of the actual output of transducer, and then reduce the influence of transducer " soft fault " and varying environment noise to the transducer dateout with this value and the difference of transducer real output value.Simultaneously, in order to realize online application, adopted the optimisation technique of genetic algorithm to neural net.

7, data fusion.If node can be sorted out and fused data, will reduce the header overhead and the consumption of communicating by letter.

The data fusion technology is the emerging technology that development in recent years is got up, and has been widely used in fields such as military and non-military.

In recent years, no matter warp is in military field or in non-military field, and multisensor Data Fusion technology has all obtained to pay close attention to widely, is applied in the growing field.Data fusion is exactly the information process of in addition analyzing automatically, comprehensively carrying out to finish required decision-making and estimation task under certain criterion from the information of a plurality of transducers or multi-source.Data fusion is ubiquitous a kind of basic function in the mankind or the other biological system.The mankind come the information (foreign object, sound, smell, sense of touch) from each transducer of human body (eye, ear, nose, four limbs) to be combined and adopt priori to go statistics by using this ability, understand surrounding environment and occurent incident.

8, the technology of the present invention has adopted multiple Routing Protocol, and the Routing Protocol, SPIN agreement, DD agreement, LEACH agreement, the plane agreement that are layering adopt the method that floods to carry out data dissemination, briefly be exactly its packet of being received of each node broadcasts, this has just brought the significant wastage of Internet resources.The characteristics of SPIN agreement are by data agreement, overcome the shortcoming of the method for flooding.

And current product sensor and sensor network product fully also do not have the Routing Protocol of this layering.

9, adopted the safe practice of sensor network

This project has adopted the sensor safe technology, and this is a major issue of sensor network.Because what adopt is transmission channel, sensor network exists eavesdropping, malice route, message safety problem such as to distort.Simultaneously, two characteristics of sensor network make the solution of safety problem more complicated, and these two characteristics are data integration and the finite energy of node and limited processing, storage capacities in network.

Taked sensor network confidentiality agreement (Secure Network Encryption Protocol, WNEP) node is set up different safety class and adopt data authentication, encryption technology etc. between communication node, prevented that data are by the information leakage that causes after intercepting and capturing.

This project patent of invention technology has adopted above-mentioned some advanced technologies, can reach a realization than relatively large sensor network and use.

And current product sensor and sensor network product fully also do not have this sensor network confidentiality agreement.

10, this project sensor network technique considers that sensor network itself is the application of ISO network seven layer protocol codes and standards in the sensor field the inside, therefore must consider the variety of issue that is run on the network all levels, be not only the application layer on upper strata, but also should pay close attention to network layer, link layer, the physical layer of bottom, various advantages of consideration and drawback that will be unified on these various levels with comprehensive Design and application facet, comprehensive favorable factor and unfavorable factor, balance merits and demerits are carried out balanced design comprehensive, that optimize.

And current product sensor and sensor network product fully also do not have this problem of considering on the network all levels.

11, dynamic cluster system.By dynamic adjustment class head, prolong network lifetime.

In sensors A D-HOC free type network, because adaptive mechanism, all kinds of bunches of members understand dynamic polymerization and dispersion, corresponding each bunch head also should change accordingly, therefore in order to adapt to this dynamic change state condition, must adjust class head whenever and wherever possible and reach corresponding sensor network cluster head change.

And current product sensor and sensor network product fully also do not have this dynamic cluster system.By dynamic adjustment class head, prolong the technical method of network lifetime.

12, this sensor network product has increased energy-conservation in energy regeneration and the running.

At home and abroad in the sensor network field, also do not adopt this technology at present.

Five, description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation according to " based on the self-adapted sensor network of the intelligent AD-HOC of multi-protocol module structure " of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation according to a kind of sensing network application node module of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation according to another kind of sensing network application node module of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a kind of SOC System on Chip/SoC internal structure schematic diagram that sensing network application node module and resource and configuration node building block technique require design according to the present invention.

Six, embodiment:

Below in conjunction with system configuration of the present invention and operation principle, and embodiment is described in conjunction with specific embodiments.

(1) project technic relization scheme of the present invention

1, system configuration

This project is followed above-mentioned three large sensor network technical development technique directions based on the sensor network technique of multiple physical transmission medium network service, have at me on " based on multi-protocols flush bonding module structural network controlling platform " technical foundation of patent of invention, absorb and improve the advanced technology pattern of present above-mentioned three major types sensor network trend, also absorb the advanced practical technique that is in the forward position now simultaneously, the development of novelty has intelligence sensor networking products of new generation.

The invention of this project is based on the IEEE1451.X sensor network standard, the AD-HOC free type adaptive communications network technology that the emphasis utilization is emerging, and in conjunction with many applicabilities characteristics based on the novel universal node type sensor network of ICP/IP protocol, at the single-core fiber multiplex technique of some fields employings based on GE-PON, the wireless channel multiplex technique, stand in forward position, sensor network field, sensor network field main flow Development Technology faces the future, the technological invention of creative this project of proposition, finish and promote the sensor network product towards multifunction, self adaptationization, dexterityization develops with the cheap direction, make each row that is used in that sensor network popularizes more, among the information-based process of each industry, realize that sensor network replaces the task of quite a few computer network.

Design philosophy is core content and the technology according to patent of invention " based on multi-protocol communication flush bonding module structural network controlling platform "; The specific implementation of this thought foundation is: in this sensing architecture, have with the SOC on-chip system chip is the sensing network application node module of core texture, sensing network resource and configuration node module, sensing network storage node module, the sensing data Fusion Module, the sensing data safety management module, sensing network resource distribution node module, sensing network routing to communicate node administration module ... Deng, all be solidified with the software activation program of oneself in these sensing network node modules, drive engine, more than as the basic structural unit of sensing network operation.This just one " microminiature sensing platform ", in " the control sensing network " of this small sensing and execution one, can accomplish the sensing control resource-sharing, software is shared, storage is shared, the sensing network resource-sharing, control data is shared, and the computing node processing unit is worked in coordination with and is carried out computing, thereby improved the sensing control resource utilization greatly, improve the reliability of sensing control, the robustness of fail safe and sensing control, thereby make sensing and controlling system that better excellent comprehensive performance be arranged, form " micro-structural sensing and Control Network are integrated " computation schema of sensing and controlling system advanced person of future generation.

Used some maturity technology in this project invention technology: adopted the various protocols communication technology, UWB ultra broadband, Ethernet, ICP/IP protocol stack, IEEE802.11b, IEEE802.11G, 802.11a ... 802.15, GSM-CDMA-GPRS-WINMAX etc. is reliable mature technique, and be the reliable ripe key technology network protocol stack of extensively approving in the world, its maturity and reliability must not doubted yet.

The guardian technique of having captured is my patent of invention technology: based on the original resource management module technology of multi-protocols flush bonding module structural network controlling platform; And the sensor network and the system configuration technology of innovation.

The technology of the comparison key that solves in this project invention technology implementation process is dynamic clustering technique.By dynamic adjustment class head, prolong network lifetime.The data fusion technology.If node can be sorted out and fused data, will reduce the header overhead and the consumption of communicating by letter.Control channel separates the double-channel access technology with data channel, the dynamic energy-saving technology of also with good grounds route situation, reduce the length of routing channel as far as possible, adopt energy regeneration and energy saving technology simultaneously, the communication reliability transmission reliability of this sensing network will be greatly improved.

Because this project invention technical products considerable part is based on SOC sheet loading system, its hardware reliability and maturity are reliable, are the maturity that has higher better reliability than general non-SOC chip system.

This project invention absorption of technology improved AD-HOC novel radio net self adaptation, self-organization network technology.

This project invention technology has been followed the IEEE1451.X technical specification, also follows the IEEE802.15.4 technical specification.

More than be concrete key technology of implementing of patented technology of the present invention and realization foundation.

2, operation principle

The know-why of this project invention: the know-why of this project institute foundation is based on " multi-protocols flush bonding module network control system platform " system configuration and the software architecture with patent of invention technology.Its know-why is as follows: promptly under a concrete sensing network environment, the SOC on-chip system chip of network communicating function is a core devices to have by force, auxiliary configuration peripheral components, form the sensor network nodes processing module with this, as sensor network fundamental node unit, and connect and the multi-protocol communication software logic is connected to tie with multiple physics medium, foundation is with shared network resource between sensing network node, network cooperation is treated to the center, network node module localization application program is treated to the basis, embedded type sensor network operating system inner core and multiprotocol network communication software are operation platform, form one simple in structure, use transparent, standard open, cheap, the local processing, network connects, resource-sharing, collaborative calculating, equipment is embedded, and sensing control is carried out the structuring sensor network series of products of one.

The flow process principle: its operational management operation principle of this micro sensing network is after system powers on, the sensing network flow process counting pointer of resource and configuration node module, point to the netinit address of sensing network flow process memory space, at this moment resource and configuration node module are carried out the sensing network system initialization, and each network node also begins the initialization of self simultaneously.Then the resource management configuration node is obtained " network system control ", then it carries out a series of in advance by application demand, demand for control, functional requirement is provided with the flow process of configuration, each Application in Sensing node module is loaded the shared resource program assembly, member, according to " the brief description of parameter transmits " mode Control Parameter is set, the configuration network resource (mainly is a software, system), after this process that parameter and configuration are set finishes, Internet resources configuration node module discharges the control to network system, each application node module is sent working signal, at this moment, each Application in Sensing node module enters the inherent function program of localization separately and the shared resource program assembly of resource module situ configuration moves in the processing, each Application in Sensing node module is independently carried out the local intrinsic application function program of operation of handling separately, the program resource assembly of operation configuration, the network information exchange that member and operation resource distribution node module were set just now, parameter exchanger process, whole sensing network control system enter the normal Collaborative Control of determining of sharing out the work and help one another of setting and calculate running status.At this moment resource distribution module is still being managed various sensing network processes, reply the diverse network request, carry out network requests, monitoring each Application in Sensing module and node running status, the program resource state, its program loads engine, program is discharged at engine, ask according to the network address mapping that each Application in Sensing node sends, the modularization of guiding resources bank, componentization module software resource flows in the control sensing network and moves, rational allocation, tissue, middle data and final result data are managed, merge, but the execution of everything management process is not under the state of obtaining " sensing network system control ", but the real-time management information exchange of under reciprocity interconnected state between the network node, carrying out at random.It only manages tissue to above-mentioned real-time network information exchange, resource and configuration node module and the program implementation of nonintervention application node inside modules, and each Application in Sensing node module is handled, still independently carry out the application's data of this locality of itself and gathering input and output and execution, independently carrying out the specific application function control of itself, only these application nodes program running to need with other node switching information in, when maybe needing to share the sensing network resource, perhaps need to communicate contact with outside another " micro sensing network ", (being undertaken by communication node module between net) controlled when collaborative, and need load the software resource application program that needs from resource database, data module, the functional operation assembly, member, during block, by " sensing network map addresses " mechanism (handling the memory address addressing from this locality), just the network communication process of startup itself is carried out the exchange of information, shared network resource with the external world.

Specific embodiment:

1, vehicle running recording instrument: vehicle running recording instrument uses in a large number in many countries and regions successively.By the transport condition of various sensor record vehicles, can carry out record to driver's driving behavior, help to supervise that the driver is legal travels, reduce traffic accident.

Traditional vehicle running recording instrument is to connect by the CAN bus, carry out communication, but there are many limitation in this mode, the CAN node must be sent to node by the transducer connecting line in addition and handle, sensor signal is subjected to the interference of multiple factor like this, cause various mistakes, and this mode line complexity, the present invention changes the mode of this complexity, adopt sensor body and processor to bring back to life and constitute integrated node, transducing signal does not just have the line of various complexity like this, reduces and disturbs, and reduces various rub-out signals yet.Adopt no line communication way simultaneously, in this communication way, adopted pulse to strengthen communication, also further flood interference signal, various transducing signals are accurately transmitted.

By this sensor network structure vehicle running recording instrument, can reach cost and reduce, reliable operation, easy for installation, easy to maintenance, mistake reduces, and avoids interference.

2, UAV Flight Control System

In the flight course of unmanned plane, in order to realize certain aerial mission, control its flight attitude, guiding, aircraft accurately flies according to certain course line.In order to carry out attitude control, just need to obtain the real-time parameter information and the remote-control romote-sensing parameter of flight attitude.These informations parameter have been arranged, calculated through the control algolithm of computer, output is in real time controlled grain to actuator, thereby realizes control/navigation purpose.

In UAV Flight Control System, what vertical gyro, tri-axis angular rate gyro were exported is analog signal, so flight control computer must have the high precision collecting ability of multichannel analog signals at present.Magnetic course transmitter, height sensor and with GPS and remote-control romote-sensing etc. the exchanges data of peripheral cell then adopted RS-485, RS-232 communications protocol, so flight control computer will have the traffic capacity of many serial ports.What simultaneity factor required a series of level output/input interface, plane reception is frequency signal, so flight control computer must be with the form output of Control Parameter with frequency quantity.It below all is the content that in hardware designs, must consider.

From the structure of above-mentioned UAV Flight Control System be connected with transfer of data, transducer with mode, operation, the operating sensor mode, desired higher, faster, the sensitiveer reaction of incompatibility current information technology war, one of them the most obvious defective has adopted exactly and still adopted the low-down RS-485 of data rate, RS-232 communications protocol on data transfer mode, the serial ports ability of these communications protocol itself is very limited, and is subjected to interference to a certain degree easily.This control structure of UAV Flight Control System and operational mode remain the transmission of adopting analog quantity at present simultaneously, so in the spatial domain and war environment of complexity, flight control system is destroyed than being easier to be subjected to the strong electronic jamming means of the other side, therefore is necessary present UAV Flight Control System is carried out the transformation of some necessary structures and mode.Construct such as adopting the technology of the present invention sensor network modular manner, take the reliable operation of operational mode safety reliably of the technology of the present invention itself simultaneously, can make antijamming capability, data transmission capabilities, the respond of UAV Flight Control System integral body ... all be highly improved and improve, thereby make the UAV Flight Control System technical indicator more can adapt to the requirement of modern war, information war, more Gao Gengqiang that electronic warfare is new

Application in industrialized agriculture: industrialized agriculture is more with the kind of transducer, by its detected parameters mark, mainly contains following several:

(1) temperature and humidity: growth and the temperature and humidity of crop have substantial connection, and in the Control Parameter of hot house, temperature and humidity detects, control is one of major parameter.

(2) antecedent soil moisture degree: plant growth needs moisture content, how to pour water in industrialized agriculture, accomplish neither to influence plant growth again not waste water resource be vital problem.The detection of antecedent soil moisture degree needs to use the aridity transducer.The aridity transducer that extensively adopts is made up of B/P EGR Back Pressure Transducer EGR and ceramic filter tube at present.

(3) CO2: crop growthing development be unable to do without photosynthesis, and photosynthesis is relevant with CO2, so the concentration of control CO2 helps growing of crop.

(4) illuminance: in the industrialized agriculture, adopt its light source of cultivation management automated system to be entirely artificial light, and, adopt optical sensor to detect and control intensity of illumination, make crop can obtain the illumination of uniformity without sunlight.

(5) soil nutrient: soil nutrient depends on fertilising, and the rational application of fertilizer not only can improve crop yield, and can avoid fertilising and cause unnecessary loss.The mensuration of soil nutrient comprises the detection of the soil organism, pH value, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and exchangeable calcium and magnesium.Soil nutrient is measured, and extensively adopts ion, biology sensor.

Because the industrialized agriculture transducer is to play a role in system, so the performance of transducer must meet following requirement:

(1) the good agricultural facility of long-time stability is more abominable than industry with the environment for use of transducer, as high temperature, high humidity.Therefore the transducer long-time stability are higher, need to solve the key technology that relates to sensor stability and comprise material, technology etc.

(2) essence of energy adaptive system requirement industrialized agriculture is to realize artificial adjusting and control the crop growth environment condition, realizes by a closed-loop system.Therefore the performance of transducer all should adapt with control system.Especially the long distance of transducer layout, the consistency of transducer sensitivity, the response time of transducer etc., so just can make system really accomplish fast reaction and regulate and control the efficient operation of environment.

(3) therefore the good ratio of performance to price necessarily requires its price cheaper owing to large usage quantity, otherwise is difficult to promote.

Because the China's agricultural modernization level is lower, therefore the industrialized agriculture ground zero for the development of industrialized agriculture, must tap the latent power from the sensor production process, minimizes cost, to satisfy the cost performance requirement.

Factory's high-efficiency agriculture engineering has been listed the key state project project in, and has started enforcement.21 century will be popularized in an all-round way, and the raising that this can promote China's agricultural level can promote the development of transducer and sensor network industrialization self again.

This project patent of invention technical sensor network is tried out in above-mentioned agriculture field crop environment weather monitoring and factory's high-efficiency agriculture environmental monitoring, can use the outstanding characteristics of this sensor network.Use multiple special, the general and special sensor network nodes unit of this sensor network, realize large-area agriculture land for growing field crops environmental monitoring, also be the environmental monitoring of agriculture cheaply land for growing field crops simultaneously, adapt to above-mentioned specification requirement and the technical indicator of industrialized agriculture and agriculture land for growing field crops monitoring sensor network.This sensor network technique in use only needs in suitable sensor installation network respective nodes unit, place, utilize above-mentioned described AD-HOC free type not have center self-organizing self adaptation from the sensor network function and the characteristics of management from maintenance, easy and reliably the real-time environmental parameter information in agriculture land for growing field crops is offered remote agricultural production worker, in time grasp the various agriculture parameter information in land for growing field crops, tackle various harmful disastrous states and take corresponding measure, take precautions against natural calamities, mitigation.

Patented technology of the present invention, because the target of its invention is one of task, be exactly for wider popularizing and using cheaply, efficiently, reliably, succinct sensor network, make it to be used widely, the precondition of using is exactly cheap, utilization is simple, respond well, therefore based on the sensor network product of the sensor network invention technology, be relatively easy in industrialized agriculture, to obtain popularization in a big way, for the modernization of China's agricultural provides cheaply, the sensor technology means improve agriculture unit yield and modernized Artificial Control level efficiently.Break away from the passive backward situation that is subjected to the Nature influence of agricultural, make practical technique level, the monitoring level automatically of agricultural reach a new height, for the problem that solves agriculture further volume increase provides good means.

This project sensor network product is on probation at the high speed paper machine production line, obtains test user's favorable comment (user report is arranged).

Claims

" based on the self-adapted sensor network of the intelligent AD-HOC of a multi-protocol module structure " technology is proposed.

Described " based on the self-adapted sensor network of the intelligent AD-HOC of multi-protocol module structure " its technology contents comprises: in this sensing architecture, have with the SOC on-chip system chip is the sensing network application node module of core texture, sensing network resource and configuration node module, sensing network storage node module, the sensing data Fusion Module, the sensing data safety management module, sensing network resource distribution node module, sensing network routing to communicate node administration module ... Deng, all be solidified with oneself software activation program in these sensing network node modules, drive engine.Its technology contents also comprises: improved dynamic data list injection technique; According to energy consumption control mode by situation; The micro embedded system for sensor network operating of refining component members; Improved sensor network and system configuration; Sensor network system operational mode and management mode; Sensor network dynamic clustering system management; Compound power-saving technology;

Described " based on the self-adapted sensor network of the intelligent AD-HOC of multi-protocol module structure " is characterized in that:

Described network application node module and Internet resources and configuration node module portion within it are solidified with the inherent function program;

After the self-adapted sensor network of described intelligent AD-HOC based on multi-protocol module structure powered on, described Internet resources and configuration node module were carried out the initialization to network system, and described network application node module is carried out initialization to himself simultaneously;

Described Internet resources and configuration node module are carried out a series of flow processs that set in advance configuration on the basis of obtaining the network system control, to described network application node module loading shared resource program assembly, member, network information exchange, parameter exchanger process are set according to the brief description load mode of parameter;

After process that described Internet resources and configuration node module are provided with parameter and resource allocation finished, described Internet resources and the control of configuration node module release to network system sent working signal to described network application node module;

Described network application node module receives the working signal from described Internet resources and configuration node module, the inherent function program of independent operating localization, network information exchange, parameter exchanger process that operation is provided with by described Internet resources and configuration node module by the program resource assembly of described Internet resources and configuration node block configuration, member and operation, thus whole network control system enters the Collaborative Control calculating running status of determining of sharing out the work and help one another of setting;

Calculate under the running status in described Collaborative Control, described Internet resources and configuration node module are under the situation that needn't obtain network control power, management diverse network process, reply and carry out the diverse network request, monitor the network address mapping request that described network application node module is sent, the modularization of guiding resources bank, componentization module software resource flow in Control Network and move, and middle data and final result data are managed.

The self-adapted sensor network of described intelligent AD-HOC based on multi-protocol module structure is characterized in that:

The brief description transmission of described parameter is meant all kinds of Control Parameter is encapsulated in respectively in the succinct packet that has the packet header signature separately that be convenient to identification, classification sends.

The mapping of the described network address is meant in described network application node module to have network address decoding table, visits this address, is about to address decoding and is mapped to the member that will visit, the actual effective address of network of component software resource.

But described Internet resources and configuration node module not only can manage and carry out the online programming of resource distribution to described network application node module, but also have necessary network data storage carrier, jumbo assembly, component resource storehouse and storage carrier thereof.

Also comprise the network communication node module, be used for carrying out getting in touch and information exchange such as outer net control connection, control information exchange, INTERNET visit, Long-distance Control visit and teledata exchange with outer net; In addition, described network communication node also is used for network service control information convergence processing and distribution.

Described network application node module is provided with body sensors and composite stereo transducer thereon.

Described improvement has dynamic data list injection technique, can be implemented in the on-the-spot running realize changing sensing node this in character, measuring range, precision ... etc. performance index, realize the long-range adjustment setting of sensor node itself, realize repeatability utilization, the flexibility utilization of sensor node.

Described energy consumption control mode according to the route situation is characterized in that:

Present technique principle key is to carry out energy consumption control according to the route situation, avoids the transmission that repeats of heat transfer agent data as far as possible, promotes the efficient of information transmission path, and carries out certain data and integrate, and makes the data volume of transmission succinct as far as possible, lucid and lively.Transmission is short conduction time, and energy consumption is little.

Press the number of times of information redirect minimumly, thereby save energy consumption significantly, prolong the sensor network cycle of operation.

The improvement of described sensor network and system configuration, be under a concrete network environment, the SOC on-chip system chip of network communicating function is a core devices to have by force, auxilliary rib configuration peripheral components, form the sensor network nodes processing module with this, as the elementary cell node, be connected to tie with multiple physical medium connection and multi-protocol communication software logic, foundation is with shared sensor Internet resources between sensor network nodes, the sensor network collaborative process is the center, sensor network nodes module localization application program is treated to the basis, embedded type sensor network operating system inner core and multi-protocols sensor network communication software are operation platform, form one simple in structure, use transparent, standard open, cheap, the local processing, network connects, resource-sharing, collaborative calculating, equipment is embedded, and sensing control is carried out the control and treatment structuring platform of one.In this architecture, have with the SOC on-chip system chip is the sensor network application node module of core texture, sensor network resource and configuration node module, sensor network storage node module, the sensor node module, sensor network communication node administration module ... Deng, all be solidified with in these sensor network nodes modules oneself the software activation program, drive engine, more than as the basic structural unit of sensing network operation.This just one " microminiature Control Network " controlling platform, in " Control Network " of this small sensing and execution one, can accomplish that resource-sharing, software are shared, storage is shared, Internet resources are shared, control data is shared and each sensing node processing unit is collaborative carries out computing, thereby improved the sensing resource utilization greatly, improve the robustness of reliability, fail safe and the sensing of sensing, thereby make sensor-based system that better excellent comprehensive performance be arranged, form " micro sensing network " computation schema of sensor-based system advanced person of future generation.

The sensor network system operational mode and the management mode of described original creation is characterized in that:

Transducer " the brief description of parameter transmits " technical approach, be that all kinds of parameter sensings are encapsulated in respectively in the succinct packet that has the packet header signature separately, be convenient to differentiate, classification sends, it is short and pithy that whole like this number is disturbed bag, it is all quick reliable to send reception, improves the transmission performance of whole parameter sensing.

Mention exclusive transducer " network address mapping " technical approach about above operation principle.Promptly in each application sensors node module, a network address decoding table is all arranged, visit this address, promptly this address decoding is mapped to member in the sensor node that will visit, component software resources effective address, under transducer " resource module " participates in, rapidly with this resource member, assembly downloads on the local sensor and moves, thereby save local sensor storage resources and local hardware resource, reduce the repeated configuration of each sensor application node module resource, it is smaller and more exquisite to reduce volume, make it be more conducive to embedding equipment, the benefit of whole system is greatly improved.

Operating sensor mode and management mode that this system is special, mainly be to allow each node of sensor network system keep " freedom " treatment state to greatest extent, each node of maintenance system is relative independentability to greatest extent, make the system operation mode brevity and lucidity, reduce the communication flows of sensor network system and unnecessary message transmission.But the relative independentability of this each node, " freedom " degree neither be unlimited relatively, when sensor network system under some state of emergency, in particular cases, host node---route resource and configuration node will be exercised the sensor network system dominant right in the shortest time in management, control, umpirage, the control of enforcement such as: node state, the network high level interrupt, parameter forces to rewrite, module forces to load, the module forced unloading, system's guiding and flow process control ... Deng sensor network system network management dominant right, " with the network is the processing mode of " center " to embody sensor node.

Described dynamic cluster system management technical characterstic is characterized in that:

Promptly on the basis that sensor node is sorted out, by analyzing the power consumption state of each node, by suitable routing mode, save each node can the time consume, prolong the life span of node.

By dynamic adjustment class head, prolong network lifetime, by dynamic cluster, adjust class head dynamically, make the routing channel of transmission, data of data more reasonable, make the energy consumption of sensor node still less, effectively transmit conduction time still less, thereby there is the cycle in the life of accomplishing sensing node.

The power-saving technology of described innovation is characterized in that:

Power-saving technology is for having the life cycle of sensor network nodes decisive action, sensor node is distributed in the deep layer inside of space, equipment and the machine of different regions, complexity, its installation and placement is set, replacing power supply that generally can not be at any time, because waste time and energy like this, even impossible sometimes, so the energy supply of sensor node own.The life cycle that just is related to him.

The miniaturization technologies of described innovation is used MEMS micro electromechanical structure, nanostructure, design conventional structure, but the small sensor node of volume.