CN101086557A - Optical system for image projection and image projection apparatus - Google Patents
Optical system for image projection and image projection apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN101086557A CN101086557A CN 200710110222 CN200710110222A CN101086557A CN 101086557 A CN101086557 A CN 101086557A CN 200710110222 CN200710110222 CN 200710110222 CN 200710110222 A CN200710110222 A CN 200710110222A CN 101086557 A CN101086557 A CN 101086557A
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Abstract
An optical system for image projection is disclosed which is easy to be manufactured and designed and capable of projecting a bright image with high contrast. The optical system includes an illumination optical system introducing a luminous flux emitted from a light source to an image-forming element through an optical surface having a light-splitting function, and a projection optical system projecting the luminous flux from the image-forming element through the optical surface onto a projection surface. The illumination optical system includes a conversion system which respectively converts the widths of the luminous flux in first and second cross-sections into widths different from those before entering thereinto. Conversion rates in the first and second cross-sections are different from each other.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical system that is used to use such as the image projection device of the image-forming component of liquid crystal board.
Background technology
In this image projection device, importantly this device can with high-contrast and concerning entire image average basically brightness come the bright image of projection.
The lamp optical system that is used for image projection device (projector) that adopts catoptric imaging element such as reflective liquid crystal plate produces substantially parallel light beam by with the light beam of parabolic mirror reflects from light source.This parallel beam is divided by first fly's-eye lens and is assembled (collect), and near each light beam that is divided image of this light source of formation (secondary souce image (secondary light source image)) second fly's-eye lens all.Each micro lens (lens unit) that constitutes fly's-eye lens has the rectangular shape that is similar to as the image-forming component on illuminated surface.
From the light beam that is divided of second fly's-eye lens by collector lens optically focused with overlapped, and pass color separated/combinative optical system and shine on the image-forming component.This color separated/combinative optical system uses the optical element (dichroic prism or polarization beam apparatus) with dichroic film or polarizing beam splitting film.
In this image projection device, increase can make the angle of light beam distribute bigger from the service efficiency of the light of light source usually.Therefore, the optical element that has responsive angle characteristic in use, promptly when use has optical element with respect to the dichroic film of the inclined light shaft in color separated/combinative optical system or polarizing beam splitting film, can produce deterioration of image, as inhomogeneous (color inhomogeneous) or the reduction of contrast of brightness.
Figure 20 and 21 illustrates the example of the angle dependence characteristic (transmission characteristics and reflectivity Characteristics) of polarizing beam splitting film respectively.The characteristic that incides the light on the polarizing beam splitting film with 47 or 49 angles of spending is lower than the characteristic that incides the light on it with the angles of 45 degree, and the reduction degree of this characteristic is along with incident angle and 45 skews of spending increase and increase.
The reduction of characteristic causes the leakage of so-called light, and this has reduced contrast.When using polarizing beam splitting film, the skew of incident angle causes inhomogeneous (change color) of color, so to be different from original desired color display image.
Japanese Patent Application Publication No.7-181392 discloses a kind of asymmetric optics system, wherein in order to prevent this deterioration of picture quality, the angle of inciding the light beam on the optical element is distributed in the optical element diagonal angle very sensitive direction (sensitive direction) that distributes and goes up for a short time, and its angle is distributed in the optical element diagonal angle insensitive direction (insensitive direction) that distributes and goes up big.
In the disclosed optical system of Japanese Patent Application Publication No.7-181392, the lens unit that constitutes first fly's-eye lens is eccentric, makes the fly's-eye lens of winning have positive refractive power (optical power) generally at sensitive direction.
In addition, on identical direction, the lens unit that constitutes second fly's-eye lens also is eccentric, makes second fly's-eye lens have negative refractive power generally.It is asymmetric only making the angle of inciding the light beam on the optical element be distributed between sensitive direction and the insensitive direction in this compression on the sensitive direction from the light beam of catoptron.
But, only distribute from the light beam of catoptron, thereby be difficult to improve picture quality at the angle of inciding the light beam on the polarizing beam splitting film that the compression that comprises on the cross section of optical axis can't reduce on another cross section (perpendicular to the cross section in an above-mentioned cross section).In addition and since be used to reduce light beam diameter catoptron size reduce make that the image of institute's projection is very dark, therefore in order to guarantee that brightness needs the overall diameter of catoptron greatly to certain degree.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of optical system that is used for image projection, it is easy to make and design, and can also provide the projection arrangement with this optical system with the bright image of high-contrast projection.
As an aspect, the invention provides a kind of optical system that is used for image projection, it comprises: will introduce the lamp optical system of image-forming component from the light beam of light emitted by the optical surface with beam split function; And the projection optical system of the light beam projecting that will introduce by optical surface from this image-forming component to the projection surface.This lamp optical system comprises converting system, and it is converted to the width of light beam in orthogonal first cross section and second cross section width that is different from the width of light beam before entering this converting system respectively.Conversion ratio in first cross section and the conversion ratio in second cross section are different.
As on the other hand, the invention provides a kind of image projection device that comprises above-mentioned optical system.
Other purpose of the present invention and feature will become obvious by following description and accompanying drawing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the XZ sectional view that the lamp optical system of using as the optical system that is used for image projection of the embodiment of the invention 1 is shown.
Fig. 2 is the YZ sectional view that the lamp optical system among the embodiment 1 is shown.
Fig. 3 is the YZ sectional view that the polarization beam apparatus that is used among the embodiment 1 is shown.
Fig. 4 illustrates the oblique perspective view that is used in first fly's-eye lens among the embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 is the figure that is used to explain the optical effect of first fly's-eye lens.
Fig. 6 illustrates the oblique perspective view that is used in second fly's-eye lens among the embodiment 1.
Fig. 7 is the amplification XZ sectional view that is illustrated in the light path from the catoptron to the polarization conversion device among the embodiment 1.
Fig. 8 is the amplification YZ sectional view that is illustrated in the light path from the catoptron to the polarization conversion device among the embodiment 1.
Fig. 9 is the XZ sectional view that the lamp optical system of using as the optical system that is used for image projection of the embodiment of the invention 2 is shown.
Figure 10 is the YZ sectional view that the lamp optical system among the embodiment 2 is shown.
Figure 11 is the amplification XZ sectional view that is illustrated in the light path from the catoptron to the polarization conversion device among the embodiment 2.
Figure 12 is the amplification YZ sectional view that is illustrated in the light path from the catoptron to the polarization conversion device among the embodiment 2.
Figure 13 is the XZ sectional view that the lamp optical system of using as the optical system that is used for image projection of the embodiment of the invention 3 is shown.
Figure 14 is the YZ sectional view that the lamp optical system among the embodiment 3 is shown.
Figure 15 is the amplification XZ sectional view that is illustrated in the light path from the catoptron to the polarization conversion device among the embodiment 3.
Figure 16 is the amplification YZ sectional view that is illustrated in the light path from the catoptron to the polarization conversion device among the embodiment 3.
Figure 17 is the XZ sectional view that the lamp optical system of using as the optical system that is used for image projection of the embodiment of the invention 4 is shown.
Figure 18 is the amplification YZ sectional view that the lamp optical system among the embodiment 4 is shown.
Figure 19 is the YZ sectional view that illustrates as the optical arrangement of the liquid crystal projection apparatus of the embodiment of the invention 6 of one of optical system of using embodiment 1 to 5.
Figure 20 is the figure that the transmission characteristics of polarization beam apparatus is shown.
Figure 21 is the figure that the reflectivity Characteristics of polarization beam apparatus is shown.
Figure 22 is the XZ sectional view that the lamp optical system of using as the optical system that is used for image projection of the embodiment of the invention 7 is shown.
Figure 23 is the YZ sectional view that the lamp optical system among the embodiment 7 is shown.
Figure 24 is the synoptic diagram of a part that the improvement example of lamp optical system among Figure 22 is shown.
Figure 25 is the synoptic diagram that the part of another improvement example of lamp optical system among Figure 22 is shown.
Figure 26 is the XZ sectional view that the improvement example of lamp optical system among the embodiment 7 is shown.
Figure 27 is the XZ sectional view that another improvement example of lamp optical system among the embodiment 7 is shown.
Figure 28 is the XZ sectional view that the lamp optical system of using as the optical system that is used for image projection of the embodiment of the invention 8 is shown.
Figure 29 is the YZ sectional view that the lamp optical system among the embodiment 8 is shown.
Figure 30 is the XZ sectional view that the improvement example of lamp optical system among the embodiment 8 is shown.
Figure 31 is the XZ sectional view that another improvement example of lamp optical system among the embodiment 8 is shown.
Figure 32 is the XZ sectional view that the lamp optical system of using as the optical system that is used for image projection of the embodiment of the invention 9 is shown.
Figure 33 is the YZ sectional view that the lamp optical system among the embodiment 9 is shown.
Figure 34 is the YZ sectional view that illustrates as the optical arrangement of the liquid crystal projection apparatus of the embodiment of the invention 10 of one of optical system of using embodiment 7 to 9.
Figure 35 and 36 is XZ and the YZ sectional views that illustrate as the part of the optical system that is used for image projection of the embodiment of the invention 11.
Figure 37 and 38 is XZ and YZ sectional views of refracting power (refractivepower) configuration that the optical system shown in Figure 35 and 36 is shown.
Figure 39 is the synoptic diagram that the polarization conversion device among these embodiment is shown.
Figure 40 A and 40B are XZ and the YZ sectional views that illustrates as the optical system that is used for image projection of the embodiment of the invention 12.
Figure 41 and 42 is XY and the YZ sectional views that illustrate as the optical arrangement of the liquid crystal projection apparatus of the embodiment of the invention 13.
Figure 43 is the sectional view of the light source cell that uses in the projector that illustrates as the embodiment of the invention 14.
Figure 44 is the figure that the light source cell that comprises a plurality of light source cells shown in Figure 43 is shown.
Figure 45 and 46 is XY and the YZ sectional views that illustrate as the optical arrangement of the liquid crystal projection apparatus of the embodiment of the invention 15.
Figure 47 is the sectional view that is illustrated in another light source cell that uses in the projector of the embodiment of the invention 15.
Embodiment
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 illustrate the configuration of the lamp optical system of using as the optical system that is used for image projection of the embodiment of the invention 1.This lamp optical system uses the light beam from light source 1 to shine to pass polarization beam apparatus 7 on the reflective liquid crystal plate as the catoptric imaging element (below abbreviate " liquid crystal board " as) 8, and this liquid crystal board is arranged on the illuminated surface.
Carried out the light beam (image light) of image modulation by liquid crystal board 8 and introduced unshowned projecting lens (perhaps projection optical system) once more, thereby projected in the projection surface such as screen by polarization beam apparatus 7.Thus, the lamp optical system among this embodiment also has with polarization beam apparatus 7 analysis image light and this image light is incorporated into the function of projecting lens.
In this embodiment, the optical axis of lamp optical system is defined as the Z axle, and the direction that is parallel to the Z axle is called " optical axis direction ".This optical axis for example axis at the center on the plate surface of the center by passing collector lens 6 and liquid crystal board 8 defines.In addition, the direction of advancing to liquid crystal board 8 through collector lens 6 and polarization beam apparatus 7 from the light beam of illuminator LP that makes along the Z axle is also referred to as " light working direction ".
Fig. 1 illustrates the optical arrangement in XZ cross section (first cross section), distribute wide than in the YZ cross section of the angle of light beam that enters the plate surface of liquid crystal board 8 in this XZ cross section, XZ and YZ cross section are the planes (plane that just is parallel to the Z axle) that comprise the Z axle and vertical mutually.This XZ cross section is parallel to the direction (direction that extend on long limit) on the long limit of liquid crystal board 8.
In addition, Fig. 2 illustrates the optical arrangement in YZ cross section (second cross section), enters the angle narrow distribution of the light beam on plate surface in this cross section.This YZ cross section is parallel to the direction (direction that minor face extends) of the minor face of liquid crystal board 8.
As shown in Figure 3, the YZ cross section is parallel to the plane of the normal N of the polarization beam splitting surface 7a that comprises optical axis (Z axle) and polarization beam apparatus 7, and this plane parallel is in the paper plane of Fig. 3.The YZ cross section can also be called " cross section of normal N P that is parallel to plate surface (incident/exit surface) 8a of the normal N of polarization beam splitting surface 7a and liquid crystal board 8 ".
In addition, the XZ cross section can be described as perpendicular to the YZ cross section and is parallel to the cross section of Z axle (optical axis).Definition to Z axle, XZ cross section and YZ cross section also is applicable to the embodiment 2-5 that describes below.
Although these figure only illustrate the basic element of character that constitutes lamp optical system, actual lamp optical system comprises other various optical elements, as folding from mirror, infrared (heat radiation) cutoff filter and the polaroid of the light path of light source.
Be converted to convergent beam from light beam by elliptical reflector (oval shape mirror) 2 such as light source 1 radial emission of high-pressure mercury discharge tube.Light source 1 and catoptron 2 constitute illuminator LP.The combination of parabolic mirror and convex lens can be used to replace elliptical reflector 2.
Light by elliptical reflector 2 reflections is divided into a plurality of light beams by first fly's-eye lens 3, and the light beam that is separated is a plurality of secondary souce images of formation near second fly's-eye lens 4 and polarization conversion device 5.
Light beam after forming each secondary souce image is converted to the linearly polarized photon (the uniform light of polarization state just) with predetermined polarisation direction by polarization conversion device 5, enters collector lens 6 then.
In polarization conversion device 5, in the light that enters each polarization beam splitting surface, the polarized light component with predetermined polarisation direction passes this surface and penetrates from polarization conversion device 5.
On the other hand, in the light that enters each polarization beam splitting surface, have polarized light component perpendicular to the polarization direction of above-mentioned predetermined polarisation direction by this surface reflection, surface reflection then is reflected.In addition, the polarization direction of this polarized light component is revolved by half-wave plate and is turn 90 degrees, and this light component penetrates from deflection conversion element 5 then.Polarization conversion device 5 is converted to the linearly polarized photon with predetermined polarisation direction with the nonpolarized light of incident in this way.
Half-wave plate can only be arranged in the light path of the light that passes the polarization beam splitting surface.In addition, polarization conversion device 5 can be converted to nonpolarized light versicolor linear polarization light component, and the polarization direction of linear polarization light component needn't be identical in this case.
In other words, polarization conversion device 5 can make the polarization direction of one of red, green and blue light component be different from the polarization direction of two other light component, feasible for example red light component is the S polarized light with respect to polarization beam apparatus 7, and green and blue light components are the P polarized lights with respect to polarization beam apparatus 7.
Specifically, this is by and blue S polarized light green to the cremasteric reflex of polarization beam splitting surface and red P polarized light, and sees through the characteristic of green and blue P polarized light and red S polarized light, and realizes by in the light path that is polarized the light that beam surface reflects half-wave plate being set.
The light beam that separates that penetrates from collector lens 6 passes polarization beam splitting surface (blooming surface or the optical surface) 7a of polarization beam apparatus 7, and is overlapped on liquid crystal board then.Thus, liquid crystal board 8 is subjected to having the irradiation of the illuminating bundle that uniform strength distributes.
Polarization beam splitting surface 7a has the beam split function.Be incorporated in the unshowned projecting lens by the polarization beam splitting surface 7a reflection of polarization beam apparatus 7 by the light of liquid crystal board 8 image modulation and reflection.
Although a liquid crystal board 8 only is shown in this embodiment, actual and general projector has three liquid crystal boards that are used for redness (R), green (G) and blue (B).Polarization beam apparatus 7 constitutes the part of so-called color separated/combinative optical system, and this system introduces three liquid crystal boards with R illumination light, G illumination light and B illumination light respectively, and combination is from R image light, G image light and the B image light of these three liquid crystal boards.
Polarizing beam splitting film has the function of separating the light that is positioned at the wavelength coverage (for example width is 10nm or bigger, preferred 40nm or bigger wavelength coverage) as at least a portion of visible wavelength range according to the polarization direction.Generally speaking, in having the light of specific incident angle, polarizing beam splitting film reflection have first polarization direction light 80% or more, and see through have perpendicular to the light of second polarization direction of first polarization direction 80% or more.
Each lens unit by a plurality of two-dimensional arrangements in first and second fly's- eye lenses 3,4 constitutes (that is to say, be arranged as a plurality of lens units and be arranged in respectively perpendicular on the first direction of optical axis and on the second direction perpendicular to first direction and optical axis).The central axes of each lens unit is in the Z axle.
As mentioned above, the light beam that penetrates near the light source first focus that is arranged on elliptical reflector 21 is reflected by elliptical reflector 2 and assembles, thereby advances towards first fly's-eye lens 3 as convergent beam.
In XZ cross section shown in Figure 1, as shown in Figure 4, in a plurality of lens unit 3a of first fly's-eye lens 3, the lens unit except that the center lens unit forms and makes that their summit is outwards eccentric on directions X.Therefore, 3 pairs of light beams from elliptical reflector 2 of first fly's-eye lens have negative (recessed) lens function generally.
To use Fig. 5 to describe this point.Fig. 5 illustrates the XZ cross section of center lens unit 3a0 of first fly's-eye lens 3 and two lens elements (peripheral lens element) 3a1 and the 3a2 that is adjacent on directions X.
The summit of peripheral lens unit 3a1 and 3a2 (this summit is positioned on the dotted line of optical axis 01 that peripheral lens unit 3a1,3a2 are shown, o2) is outwards eccentric with respect to the center (this is centered close on dotted line o1 ', the o2 ') of peripheral lens unit 3a1 and 3a2.If the even number lens unit is separately positioned on directions X and the Y direction, then the summit of preferred each lens unit is all outwards eccentric with respect to the center of this lens unit.
In Fig. 5, the focal distance f of " a " expression first fly's-eye lens 3, line A represent towards elliptical reflector 2 and with the position (be light incident side focus) of first fly's-eye lens 3 (being center lens unit 3a0) at a distance of " a ".
In this case, the light L1 of intersection point Q1, the Q2 of optical axis o1, o2 by peripheral lens unit 3a1,3a2 and line A and the center that L2 passes peripheral lens unit 3a1,3a2 respectively respectively, thereby become the parallel rays that advances along the Z axle, penetrate from first fly's-eye lens 3 then.
Light L1 and L2 are the light that passes the center of peripheral lens unit 3a1,3a2 respectively.In addition, although not shown, the summit of center lens unit 3a0 is positioned at the center of center lens unit 3a0, and the light that enters the center of center lens unit 3a0 is parallel to the Z axle and advances, thereby penetrates from first fly's-eye lens 3.
Therefore, first fly's-eye lens 3 has the light that will enter the center of each lens unit and is converted to the function that is parallel to the light that optical axis (Z axle) advances.In other words, first fly's-eye lens 3 has the light beam from elliptical reflector 2 is divided into and a plurality ofly is parallel to the light beam of optical axis, assembles these a plurality of light beams respectively so that each light beam forms the function of light source image then.
Therefore, (refractive power is the inverse of focal length to first fly's-eye lens 3 as having negative refractive power, and can be called " refracting power ") lens, being converted to parallel beam from whole convergent beams of elliptical reflector 2, but also as lens, in order to assemble each separated light beam with positive refractive power.
As mentioned above, first fly's-eye lens 3 has in the XZ cross section and the convergent beam from elliptical reflector 2 is converted to a plurality of light beams that are parallel to optical axis and makes the concavees lens function that they penetrate from this fly's-eye lens.
In YZ cross section shown in Figure 2, as shown in Figure 6, in a plurality of lens unit 4a of second fly's-eye lens 4, the lens unit except that the center lens unit forms and makes that their summit is outwards eccentric in the Y direction.Therefore, reflected the light beam that enters second fly's-eye lens 4 then by elliptical reflector 2 and become parallel beam.That is to say that whole second fly's-eye lens 4 has negative (recessed) lens function to the light beam from elliptical reflector 2 on the YZ cross section.This lens function can obtain according to the mode identical with first fly's-eye lens 3.
Fig. 7 and 8 illustrates 5 the light path from elliptical reflector 2 to polarization conversion device shown in Fig. 1 and 2 respectively enlargedly.The convergent beam that is reflected by elliptical reflector 2 is converted to parallel beam by first fly's-eye lens 3 on the XZ cross section, and is converted to parallel beam by second fly's-eye lens 4 on the YZ cross section.
That is to say, the compression of light beam on the XZ cross section is by being carried out by elliptical reflector (or first optical element) 2 and first fly's-eye lens (or second optical element) 3 compressibilities of forming, and the compression of light beam on the YZ cross section is by being carried out by elliptical reflector 2 and second fly's-eye lens (or the 3rd optical element), 4 compressibilities of forming.
The compression of light beam is the optical effect that a kind of diameter (in other words being width) that reduces light beam makes this beam collimation then.
Parallel beam among this embodiment not only comprises completely parallel light beam, and comprises the light beam that can be counted as parallel beam from the optical property aspect.
Specifically, from the order of light source one side, the compressibility of this embodiment is by first optical element with positive refractive power such as elliptical reflector or convex lens and the constituting of fly's-eye lens (or lens arra) that have the second and the 3rd optical element or second optical element such as the concavees lens of mutually different negative refractive power on XZ and YZ cross section or have the concavees lens function.
But if the light beam that penetrates from this compressibility is a parallel beam, compressibility can and have another optical element of positive refractive power such as constituting of convex lens by the optical element with positive refractive power such as elliptical reflector or convex lens.If compressibility only is made of lens, then preferred this compressibility constitutes afocal system.
As mentioned above, this compressibility causes all becoming narrower than the diameter (or width) of the light beam of (before promptly entering catoptron 2) before entering it from the diameter (or width) of the light beam of its ejaculation on XZ and YZ cross section.
Light beam is being introduced the lamp optical system of liquid crystal board from light source, and the compressibility of this embodiment is arranged between light source of lamp optical system (luminous component) and the pupil location (promptly forming the position of the image of light source image or luminous component).
In this embodiment, the pupil location of lamp optical system be positioned at polarization conversion device (promptly having arranged the parts of a plurality of small polarization conversion elements) near.But this pupil location can also will more close liquid crystal board than the optical element of the more close liquid crystal board of this polarization conversion device than at least one.
In addition, can constitute by identical optical element at the compressibility XZ cross section, that compress the beam diameter in the XZ cross section and at the compressibility YZ cross section, that compress the beam diameter in the YZ cross section, comprise that perhaps identical optical element as its part, perhaps is made of different optical elements.
The compressibility of this embodiment is arranged between light source and the polarization conversion device, and at the reflection spot compression XZ of catoptron and the beam diameter in the YZ cross section.
Therefore, beam diameter can narrow down in the pupil location (the light source image forms the position) that is used for light is introduced the lamp optical system of liquid crystal board from light source.
In addition, optical element in XZ and YZ cross section the position and the difference aspect in the refractive power at least one cause beam diameter in XZ and YZ cross section in that to enter the inlet point of polarization conversion device (in other words at the eye point from compressibility) different.That is to say that the compressibility that comprises above-mentioned difference causes the compressibility of beam diameter can be different in XZ and YZ cross section.
The description of this embodiment is primarily aimed at the situation of the more close light source of compressibility ratio polarization conversion element and makes.But compressibility can be than the more close liquid crystal board of above-mentioned polarization conversion device (perhaps projecting lens).
In this case, can be at the compressibility of the beam diameter XZ cross section, in the compression XZ cross section than the more close light source of pupil location (the light source image forms the position) in the XZ cross section of luminous source system, can be at the compressibility of the beam diameter YZ cross section, in the compression YZ cross section than the more close light source of pupil location (the light source image forms the position) in the YZ cross section of luminous source system.The embodiment that these features also can be applied to describe below.
In this embodiment and the embodiment that describes later, the compressibility of light beam is defined as light beam at the external diameter of the eye point (the perhaps reflection spot on the catoptron) that penetrates from catoptron and the ratio of the external diameter that is being right after the point (perhaps entering the inlet point of polarization conversion device) after compressibility penetrates.Particularly, the compressibility of light beam is represented by light beam is being right after the value that the external diameter of the point after compressibility penetrates obtains at the external diameter of the eye point that penetrates from catoptron divided by light beam in embodiment 1 to 5.It is noted that compressibility among the embodiment of embodiment 7 described later and back thereof have with embodiment 1 to 5 in the opposite implication of compressibility.Its specific definition will be described later.
In this embodiment, owing to enter polarization conversion device 5 as parallel beam from first and second fly's- eye lenses 3 and 4 light beams that penetrate, therefore compressibility is to determine according to the distance (perhaps length is called " reduction length " below) between elliptical reflector 2 and first fly's-eye lens 3 or second fly's-eye lens 4.
As shown in Figure 7, in the XZ cross section, the compression of light beam is carried out by the elliptical reflector 2 and first fly's-eye lens 3, thereby reduction length is B.
As shown in Figure 8, in the YZ cross section, the compression of light beam is carried out by the elliptical reflector 2 and second fly's-eye lens 4, thereby reduction length is C.
Thus, in this embodiment, the compressibility in XZ cross section and the YZ cross section is different.Specifically, because B/C＜1, so the compressibility in the YZ cross section is greater than the compressibility in the XZ cross section.
In other words, the compressibility in the XZ cross section is α, and the compressibility in the YZ cross section is when being β,
α≠β
α/β＜1
(α ≠ 0, β ≠ 0, α＞1 more preferably, β＞1)
As mentioned above, each among compressibility α and the β is all as by being right after value defined that the external diameter of the point after compressibility penetrates obtains with light beam at the external diameter of the eye point that penetrates from elliptical reflector 2 divided by light beam.Therefore, if light beam is compressed by this compressibility, then compressibility α and β are in logic greater than 1.
Utilize Fig. 1 and 2 to describe α and β below.In these figure, Lr represent light beam at the reflection position place of elliptical reflector 2 perpendicular to the width on the direction of optical axis (or diameter).
Lx represents that light beam (on the direction perpendicular to optical axis) in the XZ cross section is right after the width of polarization conversion device 5 position before.In other words, Lx represents that light beam is located at respect to the optical element of the most close polarization conversion device 5 of polarization conversion device 5 those sides of more close light source and the width of the position between the polarization conversion device 5 in the XZ cross section.
Ly represents that light beam in the YZ cross section (on another direction perpendicular to optical axis) is right after the width of polarization conversion device 5 position before.In other words, Ly represents that light beam is located at respect to the optical element of the most close polarization conversion device 5 of polarization conversion device 5 those sides of more close light source and the width of the position between the polarization conversion device 5 in the YZ cross section.
α and β can followingly express:
α＝Lr/Lx
β＝Lr/Ly。
α＞1，β＞1
The all right following expression of α and β:
α＝Hr/Hx
β＝Hr/Hy。
The Hr light from the center of axle lens unit of representing the to enter fly's-eye lens height (with the distance of optical axis) of position of mirror reflection that is reflected wherein, Hx (in the XZ cross section) and Hy (in the YZ cross section) expression light enter the height of the position of polarization conversion device 5.
The preferred above-mentioned light from the center of axle lens unit that enters fly's-eye lens enters the center of first and second fly's-eye lenses.Light vertically (promptly is parallel to optical axis) and enters polarization conversion device 5.
Although Lx and Ly are defined as the diameter (or width) of the position of light beam before being right after polarization conversion device 5 in this embodiment, Lx and Ly can also be defined as the diameter of the position of light beam after being right after compressibility.
In embodiment illustrated in figures 1 and 2, α=1.21 and β=1.67, thus α and β are different, and α/β equals 0.72 (＜1).
As mentioned above, in this embodiment, convergent beam is produced by elliptical reflector 2, and makes the compressibility of light beam the YZ cross section greater than the compressibility in the XZ cross section by utilizing from the difference of the distance of elliptical reflector 2 to first fly's-eye lenses 3 and the distance of elliptical reflector 2 to second fly's-eye lenses 4.
Therefore, compare, do not need to make the offset of each lens unit that constitutes each fly's- eye lens 3,4 very big with the conventional arrangement of violent compression light beam between first and second fly's-eye lenses.
Therefore, can suppress the increase of the thickness of each fly's- eye lens 3,4 on optical axis direction.As a result, lamp optical system can be reduced in the aberration that produces in each fly's-eye lens, and is realizing light beam desired compression rate in the YZ cross section under the situation that reduces illumination efficiency not significantly.Therefore the optical system that is used for image projection can the bright image of projection, makes light beam angle distribution narrow of (promptly on the direction in YZ cross section) on polarization beam apparatus 7 diagonal angles distribute responsive direction simultaneously, with the reduction of the inhomogeneous and contrast that suppresses brightness.
In addition, also light beam is distributed at the polarization beam apparatus 7 diagonal angles angle distribution narrow of the insensitive direction direction of XZ cross section (promptly) of lamp optical system (optical system that perhaps is used for image projection), be distributed in situation very big on this direction with the angle thus and compare, making it possible to has contribution to the reduction of the inhomogeneous and contrast that suppresses brightness.
Fig. 9 and 10 illustrates the configuration of the lamp optical system of using as the optical system that is used for image projection of the embodiment of the invention 2.Fig. 9 illustrates the XZ cross section of lamp optical system, and Figure 10 illustrates its YZ cross section.
The white light of launching from light source 11 is converted to parallel beam by parabolic mirror (paraboloidal mirror) 12.Light source 11 and parabolic mirror 12 constitute illuminator LP.Parallel beam is assembled by convex lens 13, enters first fly's-eye lens 15 thereby pass the first recessed cylindrical lens 14 then.
The light beam that enters first fly's-eye lens 15 is divided into a plurality of light beams, and each light beam is assembled thus.The light beam that penetrates from first fly's-eye lens 15 passes the second recessed cylindrical lens 16, then near formation secondary souce image second fly's-eye lens 17 and polarization conversion device 18.
Assemble by collector lens 19 from a plurality of light beams that separate (linearly polarized photon that promptly has the predetermined polarisation direction) that polarization conversion device 18 penetrates, pass polarization beam apparatus 20, on reflective liquid crystal plate 21, overlap each other then.Polarization beam apparatus 20 has polarizing beam splitting film (blooming surface or the optical surface) 20a that is similar to description in embodiment 1.
In first and second fly's- eye lenses 15 and 17 each all is made of a plurality of lens units of two-dimensional arrangements.
Figure 11 and 12 illustrates 18 the light path from parabolic mirror 12 to polarization conversion device shown in Fig. 9 and 10 respectively enlargedly.The parallel beam that penetrates from parabolic mirror 12 is converted to the light beam of convergence by convex lens 13, is converted to parallel beam at this convergent beam of XZ cross section by the first recessed cylindrical lens 14 with concavees lens function then.
On the other hand, the convergent beam from convex lens 13 is converted to parallel beam by the second recessed cylindrical lens 16 with concavees lens function in the YZ cross section.
That is to say, the compression of light beam in the XZ cross section carried out by the compressibility that is made of convex lens (perhaps first optical element) the 13 and first recessed cylindrical lenses (perhaps second optical element) 14, and the compression of light beam in the YZ cross section carried out by the compressibility that is made of convex lens 13 and the second recessed cylindrical lens (perhaps the 3rd optical element) 16.
Here, as mentioned above, the compressibility of light beam is defined as by light beam is being right after the value that the external diameter of the point after compressibility penetrates obtains at the external diameter of the eye point that penetrates from parabolic mirror 12 divided by light beam.
In this embodiment, owing to enter convex lens 13 from the parallel beam of parabolic mirror 12, therefore the parallel beam that penetrates from the first and second recessed cylindrical lenses 14,16 enters polarization conversion device 18.Therefore, compressibility is to determine according to the distance (reduction length) from convex lens 13 to the first recessed cylindrical lenses 14 or the second recessed cylindrical lens 16.
As shown in figure 11, in the XZ cross section, the compression of light beam is carried out by the convex lens 13 and the first recessed cylindrical lens 14, thereby reduction length is D.As shown in figure 12, in the YZ cross section, the compression of light beam is carried out by the convex lens 13 and the second recessed cylindrical lens 16, thereby reduction length is E.
Therefore, in this embodiment, different in XZ cross section and the compressibility in the YZ cross section.Specifically, because D/E＜1, the compressibility in the YZ cross section is greater than the compressibility in the XZ cross section.
In other words, the compressibility in the XZ cross section is α, and the compressibility in the YZ cross section is when being β,
α/β＜1
(α≠0)。
As mentioned above, in this embodiment, the parallel beam that penetrates from parabolic mirror 12 is converted to convergent beam by convex lens 13, and makes the compressibility of light beam the YZ cross section greater than the compressibility in the XZ cross section by utilizing from the difference of the distance of convex lens 13 to first recessed cylindrical lenses 14 and the distance of convex lens 13 to second recessed cylindrical lenses 16.
Therefore, identical with embodiment 1, lamp optical system can reach light beam in YZ cross section desired compression rate, suppresses the increase of thickness of each fly's- eye lens 15,16 and the reduction of the illumination efficiency that caused simultaneously.Therefore, the optical system that is used for image projection can the bright image of projection, makes light beam angle distribution narrow of (promptly on the direction in YZ cross section) on polarization beam apparatus 20 diagonal angles distribute responsive direction simultaneously, with the reduction of the inhomogeneous and contrast that suppresses brightness.
In addition, also light beam is distributed at the polarization beam apparatus 20 diagonal angles angle distribution narrow of the insensitive direction direction of XZ cross section (promptly) of lamp optical system (optical system that perhaps is used for image projection), thus, be distributed in situation very big on this direction with the angle and compare, making it possible to has contribution to the reduction of the inhomogeneous and contrast that suppresses brightness.
Although this embodiment uses the recessed cylindrical lens as the lens that separate with fly's-eye lens, recessed cylindrical lens surface can also be set in place on fly's-eye lens and surface its lens unit surface opposite.
Figure 13 and 14 illustrates the configuration of the lamp optical system of using as the optical system that is used for image projection of the embodiment of the invention 3.Figure 13 illustrates the XZ cross section of lamp optical system, and Figure 14 illustrates its YZ cross section.
The white light of launching from light source 31 is converted to parallel beam by parabolic mirror 32.Light source 31 and parabolic mirror 32 constitute illuminator LP.Parallel beam is converted to convergent beam by biconvex toric lens 33, enters first fly's-eye lens 35 thereby pass concave-concave toric lens 34 then.Biconvex toric lens 33 can have plano-convex shape or meniscus shape, and concave-concave toric lens 34 can have plano-concave shape or meniscus shape.
The light beam that enters first fly's-eye lens 35 is divided into a plurality of light beams, and each light beam is assembled thus.Near light beam formation secondary souce image second fly's-eye lens 36 and polarization conversion device 37 from 35 ejaculations of first fly's-eye lens.
Assemble by collector lens 38 from a plurality of light beams that separate (linearly polarized photon that promptly has the predetermined polarisation direction) that polarization conversion device 37 penetrates, pass polarization beam apparatus 39, on reflective liquid crystal plate 40, overlap each other then.Polarization beam apparatus 39 has polarizing beam splitting film (blooming surface or the optical surface) 39a that is similar to description in embodiment 1.
In first and second fly's- eye lenses 35 and 36 each all is made of a plurality of lens units of two-dimensional arrangements.
Figure 15 and 16 illustrates 37 the light path from parabolic mirror 32 to polarization conversion device shown in Figure 13 and 14 respectively enlargedly.The light beam that passes biconvex toric lens 33 is a convergent beam, but this convergent beam is converted to parallel beam in XZ and YZ cross section by the concave-concave toric lens 34 with concavees lens function.
That is to say that the compression of light beam in XZ cross section and YZ cross section carried out by the compressibility that is made of biconvex toric lens (perhaps first optical element) 33 and concave-concave toric lens (perhaps second optical element) 34.Here, the compressibility of light beam is defined as by light beam is being right after the value that the external diameter (perhaps light beam is at the external diameter of the inlet point that enters polarization conversion device 37) of the point after compressibility penetrates obtains at the external diameter of the eye point that penetrates from parabolic mirror 32 divided by light beam.In this embodiment, enter biconvex toric lens 33 from the parallel beam of parabolic mirror 32, the parallel beam that penetrates from concave-concave toric lens 34 enters polarization conversion device 37.That is to say that in this embodiment, the compressibility α of light beam in the XZ cross section also is different with the compressibility β of light beam in the YZ cross section each other.
When the focal length of biconvex toric lens 33 in XZ and YZ cross section is respectively T1x and T1y, and the focal length of concave-concave toric lens 34 in XZ and YZ cross section be when being T2x and T2y respectively, and their relationship expression is as follows:
T1x/T1y＞1
T2x/T2y＞1。
Compressibility α and β in XZ and YZ cross section are as follows:
α＝T1x/T2x＞1
β＝T1x/T2y＞1。
Therefore, the compressibility in the YZ cross section (β) is greater than the compressibility in the XZ cross section (α).
In other words, the compressibility in the XZ cross section is α, and the compressibility in the YZ cross section is when being β,
α/β＜1
(α≠0)
As mentioned above, in this embodiment, the parallel beam that penetrates from parabolic mirror 32 is converted to convergent beam by biconvex toric lens 33, and by utilizing biconvex toric lens 33 and concave-concave toric lens 34 focus difference in XZ and YZ cross section to make the compressibility of light beam in the YZ cross section greater than the compressibility in the XZ cross section.
Therefore, the same with embodiment 1, lamp optical system can reach light beam in YZ cross section desired compression rate, suppresses the increase of thickness of each fly's- eye lens 35,37 and the reduction of the illumination efficiency that caused simultaneously.Therefore, the optical system that is used for image projection can the bright image of projection, makes light beam angle distribution narrow of (promptly on the direction in YZ cross section) on polarization beam apparatus 39 diagonal angles distribute responsive direction simultaneously, with the reduction of the inhomogeneous and contrast that suppresses brightness.
In addition, also light beam is distributed at the polarization beam apparatus 39 diagonal angles angle distribution narrow of the insensitive direction direction of XZ cross section (promptly) of lamp optical system (optical system that perhaps is used for image projection), thus, be distributed in situation very big on this direction with the angle and compare, making it possible to has contribution to the reduction of the inhomogeneous and contrast that suppresses brightness.
Figure 17 and 18 illustrates the configuration of the lamp optical system of using as the optical system that is used for image projection of the embodiment of the invention 4.Figure 17 illustrates the XZ cross section of lamp optical system, and Figure 18 illustrates its YZ cross section.
The white light of launching from light source 51 is reflected to be converted to convergent beam by elliptical reflector 52.This convergent beam enters first fly's-eye lens 53.Light source 51 and elliptical reflector 52 constitute illuminator LP.Can replace elliptical reflector 52 with paraboloid.
In this embodiment, each (except center lens unit) of constituting in a plurality of lens units of first fly's-eye lens 53 has different offsets in XZ and YZ cross section, and this provides biconvex toric lens function to whole first fly's-eye lens 53.
The light beam that enters first fly's-eye lens 53 is divided into a plurality of light beams, and each light beam is assembled thus.The light beam that penetrates from first fly's-eye lens 53 forms the secondary souce image near second fly's-eye lens 54 and unshowned polarization conversion device.
In this embodiment, each (except center lens unit) of constituting in a plurality of lens units of second fly's-eye lens 54 has different offsets in XZ and YZ cross section, and this provides concave-concave toric lens function to whole second fly's-eye lens 54.
Assemble by collector lens 55 from a plurality of light beams that separate (linearly polarized photon that promptly has the predetermined polarisation direction) that polarization conversion device penetrates, pass polarizing beam splitting film (blooming surface or the optical surface) 56a of polarization beam apparatus 56, on reflective liquid crystal plate 57, overlap each other then.
As the relation of first fly's-eye lens 53 of the biconvex toric lens focal length in XZ and YZ cross section and as the relation of second fly's-eye lens 54 of the concave-concave toric lens focal length in XZ and YZ cross section identical with in embodiment 3.
That is to say that the compressibility in the XZ cross section is α, and the compressibility in the YZ cross section is when being β,
α/β＜1
(α≠0)
Therefore, can obtain to be similar to the effect of embodiment 3 according to this embodiment.
In the above-described embodiments, be to be described at the lamp optical system of using polarization beam apparatus.But, use the light beam compressibility that can in above-mentioned each embodiment, adopt this embodiment with respect to the dichroic prism of inclined light shaft or lamp optical system with the dichroic mirror on dichroic film surface.
| ?α | ?β | ?α/ | |
| Embodiment | |||
| 1 | ?1.21 | ?1.67 | ?0.72 |
| |
?1.12 | ?1.29 | ?0.87 |
| |
?1.38 | ?1.83 | ?0.75 |
| |
?1.40 | ?1.59 | ?0.88 |
Here, satisfy α/β＜1.α/β＜0.95 more preferably, also α/β＜0.9 preferably.
About lower limit, preferred α/β＞0.3, more preferably α/β＞0.5, more preferably α/β＞0.7.
Certain α＞1, but preferred α＞1.05, more preferably α＞1.10.On the other hand, certain β＞1, but preferred β＞1.10, more preferably β＞1.25.
In above-mentioned each embodiment, be to be described at the compressibility that comprises the more close light source of ratio polarization conversion element and this compressibility have different compressibilitys in XZ and YZ cross section lamp optical system.But the compressibility with the function that is similar to above-mentioned each embodiment can the more close polarization beam apparatus of ratio polarization conversion element.
And in this case, compressibility is configured to compressibility in the YZ cross section greater than the compressibility in the XZ cross section.
According to above-mentioned each embodiment, can realize that the bright image of projection suppresses the optical system that contrast reduces simultaneously.
In each of embodiment 1 to 5, compressibility is defined as the value that the external diameter by the point that light beam (perhaps was right after after catoptron penetrates) obtains at the external diameter that is right after the point after compressibility penetrates divided by light beam before entering compressibility.
But the ratio that is described as " compressibility " and " rate of spread " that will use in embodiment 7 and embodiment subsequently (below all be called " conversion ratio ") has opposite implication.That is to say, be used in the compressibility among embodiment 7 and the embodiment subsequently and the rate of spread (conversion ratio) and be defined as the value that the external diameter by point that light beam (perhaps had been right after after the catoptron ejaculation) obtains before the external diameter that is right after the point after compressibility penetrates is entering compressibility divided by light beam.The focal length that the compressibility and the rate of spread (conversion ratio) certainly are used in the optical system in the compressibility of describing among embodiment 7 and the embodiment subsequently defines.
In addition, the cross section of different (or opposite) is represented in XZ among XZ among the embodiment 1 to 5 and YZ cross section and the embodiment 7 to 15 and YZ cross section.That is to say that the cross section of the normal of optical surface (polarization beam splitting surface) is represented to be parallel in the XZ cross section among the embodiment 7 to 15, and the cross section perpendicular to this XZ cross section is represented in the YZ cross section.XZ among the embodiment 7 to 15 and YZ cross section also are parallel to Z axle (or optical axis of lamp optical system).
Based on the definition of in embodiment 7 and embodiment subsequently, using, the conversion ratio in (this XZ cross section is corresponding to the YZ cross section among the embodiment 1 to 5) is defined as γ in the XZ cross section of the normal that is parallel to optical surface (polarization beam splitting surface), and the conversion ratio in (this YZ cross section is corresponding to the XZ cross section among the embodiment 1 to 5) is defined as δ in the YZ cross section perpendicular to this XZ cross section.In this case, above table 1 can be replaced by following form 1A.
In form 1A, very natural γ is less than 1.But γ is preferably less than 0.90, and more preferably γ is less than 0.75.Certainly δ is also less than 1.But preferred δ is less than 0.95, and more preferably δ is less than 0.90.They are met in embodiment 1 to 5 certainly, are met equally in embodiment 7 to 11.But in embodiment 12 to 15, light beam is expanded, so γ and δ are greater than 1.
In addition, gamma/delta is certainly less than 1.But preferred gamma/delta is less than 0.95, and more preferred gamma/delta is less than 0.90.In addition, preferred gamma/delta is greater than 0.3, and more preferred gamma/delta is greater than 0.5, and also wanting preferred gamma/delta is 0.6 or bigger.These are met to 5 certainly at embodiment 1, are met equally in embodiment 7 to 15.
Form 1A
| ?γ | ?δ | ?γ/ | |
| Embodiment | |||
| 1 | ?0.60 | ?0.83 | ?0.72 |
| |
?0.78 | ?0.89 | ?0.87 |
| |
?0.55 | ?0.72 | ?0.75 |
| |
?0.63 | ?0.71 | ?0.88 |
As mentioned above, in embodiment 7 and embodiment subsequently, the XZ cross section is parallel to the normal on optical surface (polarization beam splitting surface), and the YZ cross section is perpendicular to this XZ cross section.These the definition just with embodiment 1 to 5 in opposite.
That is to say that the γ among the form 1A is corresponding to the conversion ratio in the XZ cross section of embodiment 7 and embodiment subsequently (compressibility or the rate of spread), the δ among the form 1A is corresponding to the conversion ratio in the YZ cross section of embodiment 7 and embodiment subsequently.
In other words, the γ among the form 1A is corresponding to α in the XZ cross section of embodiment 7 and embodiment subsequently and collimation magnification HX, and the δ among the form 1A is corresponding to β in the YZ cross section of embodiment 7 and embodiment subsequently and collimation magnification HY.Therefore, α/β among gamma/delta among the form 1A and embodiment 7 and the embodiment subsequently and HX/HY synonym, therefore preferred its arithmetic value is in similar scope.
Figure 19 illustrates the configuration of the liquid crystal projection apparatus (image projection device) of the optical system that is used for image projection that comprises lamp optical system of using embodiment 1 description.Figure 19 illustrates the cross section in the YZ cross section that comprises among the embodiment 1.In this liquid crystal projection apparatus, can use the lamp optical system of in each embodiment 2 to 5, describing to replace the lamp optical system of embodiment 1.
In the figure, Reference numeral 1 expression is with the light source of continuous spectrum emission white light, and 2 are illustrated in the predetermined direction reflection and assemble elliptical reflector from the light of light source 1.Light source 1 and elliptical reflector 2 constitute illuminator LP.
The part of the lamp optical system of illuminator LP and polarization beam apparatus 7 has been omitted in Reference numeral 100 expressions.
The dichroic mirror that light (B:430 to 495nm) in the Reference numeral 158 expression reflection blue wavelength region may and the light (R:590 to 650nm) in the red wavelength zone also see through the light (G:505 to 580nm) in the green wavelength scope.The above-mentioned wavelength region may of R, G, B is an example, so the actual wavelength zone is not limited thereto.Each wavelength region may R, G, B only need have 40nm or bigger width in above-mentioned scope.Be called " R light ", " G light " and " B light " below light in the R wavelength region may, the light in the G wavelength region may and the light in the B wavelength region may.
Above-mentioned parts from dichroic mirror 158 to the 3rd polarization beam apparatus 69 constitute color separated/combinative optical system 200.
Light is described below passes lamp optical system 100 optical effect afterwards.The light path of G light is at first described.
The G light that sees through dichroic mirror 158 enters light incident side polarization plates 159.G light is remaining the S polarized light by dichroic mirror 158 after separatings.After 159 outgoing of light incident side polarization plates, it enters first polarization beam apparatus 60 as the S polarized light at G light, by its polarization beam splitting surface reflection, and arrives the reflective liquid crystal plate 61G that is used for G.
The liquid crystal display drive circuit 250 that is arranged in the projector is connected as personal computer, DVD player and TV tuner with image generator 300.Projector and image generator 300 composing images display systems.Liquid crystal display drive circuit 250 is based on image (video) the information-driven liquid crystal board 61R, 61G, the 61B that receive from image generator 300, thereby makes liquid crystal board 61R, 61G, 61B form the original image of each color.Each reflective liquid crystal plate 61R, 61G, 61B carry out image modulation and reflection to the light that enters.
In through the G light after the image modulation, the S polarized light component is again by the polarization beam splitting surface reflection of first polarization beam apparatus 60, thereby and returns from the light that is used for projection to light source one side and to remove.On the other hand, in the process G light of image modulation, the P polarized light component passes the polarization beam splitting surface of first polarization beam apparatus 60, and advances towards the 3rd polarization beam apparatus 69 as projected light.
After all polarized light components all are converted to the S polarized light (when promptly showing black), can adjust the slow axis of 1/4th phase-plate 62G between the reflective liquid crystal plate 61G that is arranged on first polarization beam apparatus 60 and is used for G in a predetermined direction, to reduce at first polarization beam apparatus 60 and to be used for the influence of the polarization state of the multilated that the reflective liquid crystal plate 61G of G produces.
Enter the 3rd polarization beam apparatus 69 from the G light of first polarization beam apparatus, 60 outgoing as the P deflection, pass the polarization beam splitting surface of the 3rd polarization beam apparatus 69, and arrive projecting lens 70.
Simultaneously, R light and the B light by dichroic mirror 158 reflections enters light incident side polarization plates 64.Should be noted that R light and B light are being remained the S polarized light by dichroic mirror 158 after separatings.After light incident side polarization plates 64 penetrated, these light entered the first look selectivity polarizer 65 at R light and B light.
The first look selectivity polarizer 65 has the function with B polarisation of light direction half-twist.This makes B light and R light enter second polarization beam apparatus 66 as P polarized light and S deflection respectively.The R light that enters second polarization beam apparatus 66 as the S polarized light is by the polarization beam splitting surface reflection of second polarization beam apparatus 66, and arrival is used for the reflective liquid crystal plate 61R of R.
The B light that enters second polarization beam apparatus 66 as the P polarized light passes the polarization beam splitting surface of second polarization beam apparatus 66, and arrives the reflective liquid crystal plate 61B that is used for B.
The R light that enters the reflective liquid crystal plate 61R that is used for R is through image modulation and reflection.In through the R light after the image modulation, the S polarized light component is again by the polarization beam splitting surface reflection of second polarization beam apparatus 66, thereby and returns from the light that is used for projection to light source one side and to remove.On the other hand, in the process R light of image modulation, the P polarized light component passes the polarization beam splitting surface of second polarization beam apparatus 66, and advances towards the second look selectivity polarizer 67 as the light that is used for projection.
The B light that enters the reflective liquid crystal plate 61B that is used for B is through image modulation and reflection.In through the B light after the image modulation, the P polarized light component passes the polarization beam splitting surface of second polarization beam apparatus 66 again, thereby and returns from the light that is used for projection to light source one side and to remove.On the other hand, through in the B light of image modulation, the S polarized light component is by the polarization beam splitting surface reflection of second polarization beam apparatus 66, and advances towards the second look selectivity polarizer 67 as the light that is used for projection.
In this case, can adjust and be arranged on second polarization beam apparatus 66 and be used for R and the reflective liquid crystal plate 61R of B and each quarter-wave plate 62R between the 61B and the slow axis of 62B, so that as in G light, be adjusted at R and the B light black display in each.
The projected light that is combined as a light beam and R that penetrates from second polarization beam apparatus 66 and B, R polarisation of light direction is by second look selectivity polarizer 67 half-twists and be converted to the S polarized light component, and the 3rd polarization beam apparatus 69 is analyzed and entered to resulting light by exiting side polarization plates 68.
B light does not pass the second look selectivity polarizer 67 as the S polarized light with changing, and the 3rd polarization beam apparatus 69 is analyzed and entered to this light by exiting side polarization plates 68.
The analysis of being undertaken by exiting side polarization plates 68 has realized the projected light of R and B, and it has been got rid of owing to pass second polarization beam apparatus 66, be used for reflective liquid crystal plate 61R and the 61B of R and B, and quarter- wave plate 62R and 62B and the reactive component that produces.
The projected light that enters the R of the 3rd polarization beam apparatus 69 and B is by the polarization beam splitting surface reflection of the 3rd polarization beam apparatus 69, and with above-mentioned G light combination of passing this polarization beam splitting surface.Resulting light arrives projecting lens 70.
Therefore, the projected light of the R of combination, G, B (being coloured image) is amplified by projecting lens 70 and is projected in the projection surface such as screen.
Because above-mentioned light path is used in the reflective liquid crystal plate when showing operation at white, the optical effect when therefore the reflective liquid crystal plate being described below and moving at black display.
The light path of G light is at first described.G light as the S polarized light that passes dichroic mirror 158 enters light incident side polarization plates 159.G light enters first polarization beam apparatus 60 then, by its polarization beam splitting surface reflection, and arrives the reflective liquid crystal plate 61G that is used for G.But reflective liquid crystal plate 61G moves at black display, and G light just is not reflected through image modulation.
As a result, G light remains the S polarized light after the liquid crystal cell 61G reflection that is reflected.Therefore, G light by the polarization beam splitting surface reflection of first polarization beam apparatus 60, passes light incident side polarization plates 159 once more, thereby and returns from projected light to light source and to remove.
The light path of R light and B light is described below.R light and B light as the S polarized light that is reflected by dichroic mirror 158 enter light incident side polarization plates 64.After light incident side polarization plates 64 penetrated, they entered the first look selectivity polarizer 65 at R light and B light.The first look selectivity polarizer 65 only has the function with B polarisation of light direction half-twist.This makes B light and R light enter second polarization beam apparatus 66 as P polarized light and S polarized light respectively.
The R light that enters second polarization beam apparatus 66 as the S polarized light is by the polarization beam splitting surface reflection of second polarization beam apparatus 66, and arrival is used for the reflective liquid crystal plate 61R of R.The B light that enters second polarization beam apparatus 66 as the P polarized light passes the polarization beam splitting surface of second polarization beam apparatus 66, and arrives the reflective liquid crystal plate 61B that is used for B.
Because the reflective liquid crystal plate 61R that is used for R is at the black display operation, the R light that enters the reflective liquid crystal plate 61R that is used for R just is not reflected through image modulation.
As a result, R light remains the S polarized light after the reflective liquid crystal element 61R reflection that is used to R.Therefore, R light by the polarization beam splitting surface reflection of second polarization beam apparatus 66, passes light incident side polarization plates 64 once more, thereby and returns from projected light to light source and to remove.
On the other hand, be the black display operation owing to be used for the reflective liquid crystal plate 61B of B, the B light that enters the reflective liquid crystal plate 61B that is used for B just is not reflected through image modulation.Therefore B light remains the P polarized light after the reflective liquid crystal plate 61B reflection that is used to B.Therefore, B light passes the polarization beam splitting surface of second polarization beam apparatus 66 once more, is converted to the S polarized light by the first look selectivity polarizer 65, passes light incident side polarization plates 64, thereby and returns from projected light to light source and to remove.
Black display is in projection surface thus.
Although color separated/combinative optical system 200 comprises wavelength selectivity polarizer (wavelength selective phase plate) in this embodiment, this wavelength selectivity polarizer can remove.In this case, polarization beam apparatus in this color separated/combinative optical system 200 can be configured to its polarizing beam splitting film as at the polarization beam splitting surface of the particular range of wavelengths in visible-range, and as at the transmission of other wavelength coverage or reflecting surface and no matter what the polarization direction is.
In addition, / 4th phase-plates can be arranged between color separated/combinative optical system 200 and the projecting lens 70, make to prevent that the light that returns 1/4th phase-plates by the reflextion from lens surface in the projecting lens 70, then from also being returned screen orientation once more by its reflection once more.
In addition, although this embodiment uses three liquid crystal boards, also can use one, two, four or more liquid crystal boards.
In addition, the fly's-eye lens among these embodiment can be made up of two cylindrical lenses close to each other or mutual two bonding cylindrical lenses.
Figure 22 and 23 illustrates the configuration of the projector of the optical system that is used for image projection that comprises lamp optical system of using embodiment 7.In the following embodiments, the implication of the definition in XZ and YZ cross section and compressibility different with in embodiment 1 to 6.
In these figure, Reference numeral 401 expression light source such as high-pressure mercury discharge tubes, 402 expressions are as the elliptical reflector (oval shape mirror) of beam condenser.The light-emitting area 401a of light source 401 is arranged on the first focus P1 of elliptical reflector 402.
The light beam that radially penetrates from light source 401 is converted to convergent beam by elliptical reflector 402, thereby assembles at the second focus P2 of elliptical reflector 402.
Can use the combination of parabolic mirror and positive lens to replace elliptical reflector 402.
From the summit T of elliptical reflector 402 to its second focus P2 apart from the focal length of fp corresponding to elliptical reflector (or beam condenser) 402.That is to say that elliptical reflector 402 is at the light beam of assembling than the second focus P2 place of first lens arra, 403 more close light sources 401 from light source 401.P2 is meant the position of gathering from the light beam of light source 401 in this second focus, and under the situation of not using elliptical reflector 402 corresponding to light convergence point (light gathering position).
Light beam from the second focus P2 is divided into a plurality of light beams by first lens arra 403, the more close polarization conversion device 405 of this first lens arra 403 to the second focus P2.Light beam separately passes second lens arra 404, forms a plurality of secondary souce images nearby or at the light incident side of polarization conversion device 405 or at its light exit side then.
The light beam that forms each secondary souce image is converted to the linearly polarized photon with predetermined polarisation direction by polarization conversion device 405, enters collector lens 406 then.
The light beam that separates that penetrates from collector lens 406 passes polarization beam splitting surface (blooming surface or the optical surface) 407a of polarization beam apparatus 407, and is overlapped on liquid crystal board 408 then.Thus, with having the illumination beam liquid crystal board 408 that uniform strength distributes.
Be polarized the polarization beam splitting surface 407a reflection of beam splitter 407 by the light of liquid crystal board 408 image modulation and reflection, thereby introduce projecting lens 409.
Although a liquid crystal board 408 only is shown in this embodiment, actual and general projector has three liquid crystal boards that are used for redness (R), green (G) and blue (B).Polarization beam apparatus 407 constitutes the part of so-called color separated/combinative optical system, and this system introduces R illumination light, G illumination light and B illumination light this three liquid crystal boards respectively, and combination is from R image light, G image light and the B image light of these three liquid crystal boards.
First cross section shown in Figure 22 (or XZ cross section), it comprises the normal of polarization beam splitting surface 407a of polarization beam apparatus 407 and the optical axis of lamp optical system.
Optical axis o for example defines by the axis through the plate centre of surface of the center of collector lens 406 and liquid crystal board 408, and corresponding to the Z axle.
In Figure 23, second cross section perpendicular to first cross section (or YZ cross section) of the optical axis o that comprises lamp optical system is shown.
XZ cross section shown in Figure 22 is the cross section that is parallel to the minor face of the liquid crystal board 408 with rectangular shape, and YZ cross section shown in Figure 23 is the cross section that is parallel to the long limit of liquid crystal board 408.
In other words, the XZ cross section is the cross section of normal that is parallel to the plate surface (incident/exit surface) of the normal of polarization beam splitting surface 407a and liquid crystal board 408.The YZ cross section is perpendicular to the XZ cross section and is parallel to the cross section of Z axle (optical axis).Definition at Z axle, XZ cross section and YZ cross section also is applicable to the embodiment that describes below.
This lamp optical system use the light beam from light source 401 to pass polarization beam apparatus 407 and irradiation as on the reflective liquid crystal plate of catoptric imaging element (below abbreviate " liquid crystal board " as) 408, this liquid crystal board 408 is arranged on the irradiating surface of this illuminating bundle.Introduce projecting lens (perhaps projection optical system) by polarization beam apparatus 407 once more by the light beam (image light) that liquid crystal board 8 has carried out image modulation, thereby project in the projection surface such as screen.
In first cross section shown in Figure 22 (being the XZ cross section), the light incident surface of first lens arra 403 forms the periphery that only has positive refracting power in first cross section.The light exit surface of first lens arra 403 forms the lens arra surface.The light incident surface of second lens arra 404 forms the lens arra surface.The light exit surface of second lens arra 404 forms the surface that does not have refracting power.
In second cross section shown in Figure 23 (being the YZ cross section), the light incident surface of first lens arra 403 forms the surface that does not have refracting power.The light exit surface of first lens arra 403 forms the lens arra surface.The light incident surface of second lens arra 404 forms the lens arra surface.The light exit surface of second lens arra 404 forms the periphery that only has positive refracting power in second cross section.
In first cross section, when the focal length of the periphery of first lens arra 403 was fx, the distance from the second focus P2 to first lens arra 403 was fx.The light beam of dispersing from the second focus P2 passes first lens arra 403 and becomes parallel beam, and this parallel beam passes second lens arra 404 and polarization conversion device 405 and enters condenser 406.
Parallel beam in this embodiment not only comprises completely parallel light beam, also comprises the light beam that can be regarded as parallel beam from the aspect of optical property.
In Figure 22, dotted line represents to pass the light beam (i.e. the light beam that advances along optical axis o) at the center of first lens arra 403.Solid line is represented the light beam through the part at non-first lens arra 403 centers.Figure 22 illustrates by the stack of the light beam shown in the solid line on liquid crystal board 408.In first cross section, first lens arra 403 is as collimating apparatus.
In second cross section shown in Figure 23, when the focal length as the periphery of the light exit surface of second lens arra 404 was fy, the distance from the second focus P2 to second lens arra 404 (airequivalent value) was fy.
Therefore the light beam of dispersing from the second focus P2, the light beam at center that passes the periphery (light incident surface) of the center of periphery (light exit surface) of first lens arra 403 and second lens arra 404 penetrates from the light exit surface of second lens arra 404, and becomes parallel beam.
The light incident surface of the light exit surface of first lens arra 403 and second lens arra 404 impels a plurality of light beams that separate to form a plurality of light source images on the focal plane of collector lens 406.
A plurality of light beams from a plurality of light source images pass polarization conversion device 405, are overlapped on the liquid crystal board 408 by collector lens 406 then.
In second cross section, second lens arra 404 is as collimating apparatus.
Figure 39 illustrates the part of polarization conversion device 405.Polarization conversion device 405 is arranged in the light path of the light exit side of collimating apparatus or collimating apparatus.
In the light that enters each polarization beam splitting surface 405a, the polarized light component with predetermined polarisation direction passes this surface and penetrates from polarization conversion device 405.
On the other hand, in the light that enters each polarization beam splitting surface 405a, have polarized light component perpendicular to the polarization direction of above-mentioned predetermined polarisation direction by this surface reflection, surperficial 405b reflection then is reflected.In addition, the polarization direction of this polarized light component is revolved by half-wave plate 405c and is turn 90 degrees, and this light component penetrates from deflection conversion element 405 then.Polarization conversion device 405 is converted to the linearly polarized photon with predetermined polarisation direction with the nonpolarized light of incident in this way.
Half-wave plate 405c can only be arranged in the light path of the light that passes polarization beam splitting surface 405a.Polarization conversion device 405 can be converted to nonpolarized light versicolor linear polarization light component, and the polarization direction of linear polarization light component needn't be identical in this case.
In other words, polarization conversion device 405 can make the polarization direction of one of red, green and blue light component be different from the polarization direction of two other light component, feasible for example red light component is the S polarized light with respect to polarization beam apparatus 407, and green and blue light components are the P polarized lights with respect to polarization beam apparatus 407.
Specifically, this is by green and blue S polarized light and red P polarized light to the 405a cremasteric reflex of polarization beam splitting surface, and see through the characteristic of green and blue P polarized light and red S polarized light, and realize by in the light path that is polarized the light that beam surface 405a reflects, half-wave plate 405c being set.
Convergent beam by elliptical reflector (or first optical element 402) reflection is converted to parallel beam by first lens arra (or second optical element) 403 in XZ cross section shown in Figure 22, and is converted to parallel beam by second lens arra (or the 3rd optical element) 404 in YZ cross section shown in Figure 23.
That is to say, the compression of light beam in the XZ cross section is to carry out by the compressibility of being made up of the elliptical reflector 402 and first lens arra 403, and the compression of light beam in the YZ cross section is to carry out by the compressibility of being made up of the elliptical reflector 402 and second lens arra 404.
As mentioned above, in this embodiment, convergent beam is produced by elliptical reflector 402, and by utilize from the difference of the distance of elliptical reflector 402 to first lens arras 403 and the distance of elliptical reflector 402 to second lens arras 404 make light beam in the compressibility (or collimation magnification) in XZ cross section greater than the compressibility the YZ cross section (or collimation magnification).
Therefore, compare, do not need to make the offset of each lens unit that constitutes each lens arra 403,404 very big with the conventional arrangement of violent compression light beam between first and second lens arras.
Therefore, can suppress the increase of the thickness of each lens arra 403,404 on optical axis direction.As a result, this lamp optical system can be reduced in the aberration that produces in each lens arra, and realizes the desired compression rate (or collimation magnification of needing) of light beam in the XZ cross section under the situation that reduces illumination efficiency not significantly.Thus, the optical system that is used for image projection can the bright image of projection, makes light beam angle distribution narrow of (promptly on the direction in XZ cross section) on polarization beam apparatus 407 diagonal angles distribute responsive direction simultaneously, with the reduction of the inhomogeneous and contrast that suppresses brightness.
In addition, also light beam is distributed at the polarization beam apparatus 407 diagonal angles angle distribution narrow of the insensitive direction direction of YZ cross section (promptly) of lamp optical system (optical system that perhaps is used for image projection), thus, be distributed in situation very big on this direction with the angle and compare, making it possible to has contribution to the reduction of the inhomogeneous and contrast that suppresses brightness.
In this embodiment, the angle of light beam in the YZ cross section on the long limit that is parallel to liquid crystal board 408 shown in Figure 23 that enters the plate surface of liquid crystal board 408 distributes and distributes greater than the angle in the XZ cross section of the minor face that is parallel to liquid crystal board 408 shown in Figure 22.
In this embodiment, collimating apparatus (or lens arra, or the second and the 3rd optical element) 403,404 be arranged between light source 401 and the polarization beam apparatus 407, in this lamp optical system, these collimating apparatuss are compression light beam in first (XZ) that is perpendicular to one another and second (YZ) cross section respectively.The compressibility that in first cross section, obtains by collimating apparatus 403 (or collimation magnification) and be mutually different by the compressibility that collimating apparatus 404 obtains in second cross section.
The compression of light beam is to be reduced the diameter (in other words, width) of light beam, made the optical effect of beam collimation by collimating apparatus 403 or 404 then by beam condenser (or elliptical reflector) 402.
Compressibility is defined as the ratio L/Lr with the beam diameter Lr at reflection position place on beam condenser 402 at the beam diameter L (being Lx, is Ly) that is right after the position after collimating apparatus 403 or 404 penetrates in the YZ cross section the XZ cross section.
Compressibility in first cross section is α, and the compressibility in second cross section is when being β,
α＝Lx/Lr
β＝Ly/Lr，
Wherein,
α≠β
α＜1，β＜1
α＜β
α/β＜1。
That is to say that the compressibility α in first cross section shown in Figure 22 is less than the compressibility β in second cross section shown in Figure 23.
For example,
α＝0.6
β＝0.83。
α/β＝0.72。
In this embodiment, each optical element has the setting of satisfying α/β≤0.75.
Preferably, each optical element can have the setting of satisfying 0.5＜α/β≤0.75.
At this, compressibility (conversion ratio) β in the compressibility in first cross section (conversion ratio) α, second cross section and ratio α/β can be respectively replaced by the collimation magnification HX in first and second cross sections and HY and HX/HY.
Therefore, the implication of HX that describes below and HY and compressibility (conversion ratio) α (γ) and β (δ) is roughly the same, and the conditional expression that relates to α (γ), β (δ) and α/β (gamma/delta) goes for HX, HY and HX/HY.
Therefore, the same with the numerical range of gamma/delta certainly, HX/HY is less than 1.But preferred HX/HY is less than 0.95, and more preferably HX/HY is less than 0.90, further preferably as mentioned above HX/HY be 0.75 or lower.In addition, as mentioned above, preferred HX/HY is greater than 0.5, and more preferably HX/HY is 0.6 or bigger.But only need HX/HY as gamma/delta greater than 0.3.
In addition, in this embodiment, collimation magnification HX in first cross section (XZ cross section) and the collimation magnification HY in second cross section (YZ cross section) are as follows.
First collimation magnification (compressibility) HX in first cross section as shown in figure 22 is expressed as:
HX＝|fx/fp|。
The second collimation magnification HY in second cross section as shown in figure 23 is expressed as:
HY＝|fy/fp|。
Shown in Figure 22 and 23, second lens arra, 404 to the first lens arras 403 are further from the second focus P2, thereby:
|fy|＞|fx|。
Therefore, HX and HY satisfy following conditions:
HY＞HX。
Thus, with compressibility compressions different in first and second cross sections, be converted to the light beam that in these cross sections, has different in width (or diameter) from the light beam of beam condenser 402 thus.
In this embodiment, polarization conversion device 405 is configured to a plurality of polarization conversion devices and partly is arranged in second cross section of width of light beam broad shown in Figure 23, and polarization beam apparatus 407 is configured to polarization beam splitting surface 407a folded light beam on the direction in the first narrower cross section of width of light beam shown in Figure 22.This makes can improve contrast, and can not be reduced in the brightness on the 407a of polarization beam splitting surface.
In addition, can pass through identical optical element formation at the collimating apparatus XZ cross section, that be compressed in the width of light beam in the XZ cross section and at the collimating apparatus of the width of light beam YZ cross section, that be compressed in the YZ cross section, perhaps comprise identical optical element as its parts, perhaps constitute by different optical elements.
Collimating apparatus among this embodiment is arranged between light source and the polarization conversion device, and in XZ and YZ cross section the beam diameter of the reflection spot of compressive reflexes mirror.Thus, beam diameter can narrow down in pupil location (the light source image forms the position) lamp optical system, that light is introduced liquid crystal board from light source.
In addition, to make that beam diameter enters the inlet point place of polarization conversion device (in other words, at the eye point that penetrates from collimating apparatus) in XZ and YZ cross section different at least one difference in XZ and YZ cross section of the position of optical element and refractive power.That is to say, comprise that the collimating apparatus of above-mentioned difference makes that the compressibility of beam diameter is different in XZ and YZ cross section.
This description is primarily aimed at that the situation of the more close light source of collimating apparatus ratio polarization conversion element in this embodiment makes.But collimating apparatus can the more close liquid crystal board of ratio polarization conversion element (or projecting lens).
In this case, can be than the more close light source of pupil location (the light source image forms the position) at the collimating apparatus of the beam diameter YZ cross section, that be used for compressing the YZ cross section in the YZ cross section of lamp optical system, can be than the more close light source of pupil location (the light source image forms the position) at the collimating apparatus of the beam diameter XZ cross section, that be used for compressing the XZ cross section in the XZ cross section of lamp optical system.These also are applicable to the embodiment that describes below.
Embodiment can expand the light beam that enters with different ratios in this embodiment in first and second cross sections as an alternative, rather than is compressed by collimating apparatus 403 and 404.In this case, not to constitute compressibility in this embodiment by beam condenser 402 and collimating apparatus 403,404, and be to use the expanding system that constitutes by beam divergence device and collimating apparatus, negative refracting power (perhaps Fu refractive power) is arranged this beam divergence utensil so that beam divergence, and this collimating apparatus has positive refracting power so that from the beam collimation of beam divergence device.
The configuration of this employing beam divergence device and collimating apparatus is applicable to light source and the reflection very little situation of external diameter from the catoptron of the light beam of light source, as external diameter less than the size of liquid crystal board (or image-forming component) or less than half situation of this size.
Under the situation of extensible beam, the rate of spread in first and second cross sections is respectively HXX and HYY.In this case, the rate of spread in second cross section is greater than the rate of spread in first cross section, thereby can obtain to be similar to the effect in the situation of compression light beam.
That is to say that similar effects can obtain by meeting the following conditions:
HXX＜HYY。
The rate of spread and compressibility can be called " conversion ratio ", and it is the ratio of a kind of commutating optical beam diameter (or width of light beam).In addition, expanding system and compressibility can be called " converting system ".They all are applicable to the embodiment that describes below.
(HX, the focal length in each cross section of using in the time of HY) is defined as follows calculating the collimation magnification.
In Figure 22 and 23, each has periphery in first and second lens arras 403,404 on one surface, has the lens arra surface on its another surface, but periphery can combination with one another be in the same place with the lens arra surface.
Figure 24 illustrates the example of the lens arra A of combination.Lens arra A has a plurality of micro lens surface (lens unit LA1, LA2, LA2 ') on an one optical surface, each micro lens surface all is eccentric.
The focal length of lens arra A (or optical surface) can be when calculating based on defining through the light at the center of lens unit LA1 and convergent point through the light at the center of lens unit LA2, LA2 '.
When each lens unit that constitutes lens arra A all was arranged as perpendicular to axis of reference (being the optical axis of lamp optical system) o, the normal that is parallel to axis of reference o on the surface of each lens unit (for example LA1, LA2, LA2 ') can be thought the optical axis (as o1, o2 and o2 ') of each lens unit.
Therefore in Figure 24, when following the tracks of the center (o1, o2 and o2 ') of passing through lens unit (LA1, LA2, LA2 ') and being parallel to the light of axis of reference o, the light that passes lens unit LA2 and LA2 ' is reflected by this lens unit, and at the optical axis intersection of predetermined point Q and center lens unit LA 1.
From the lens surface of lens unit LA1 to a Q apart from fg corresponding to lens arra A in first and second cross sections focal length each.
If lens unit LA2 and LA2 ', then pass through the optical axis intersection of the light at lens unit LA2 and LA2 ' center in a point and center lens unit LA 1 with respect to axis of reference o symmetry.
On the other hand, if lens unit LA2 and LA2 ' are asymmetric about axis of reference o, then pass through the optical axis intersection of the light at lens unit LA2 and LA2 ' center in different intersection points and center lens unit LA 1.In this case, the focal length of lens arra A can utilize the mid point of intersection point to define.
In addition, if on axis of reference o as shown in figure 25, lens unit is not set, then draws similar diagrammatic sketch (figure) and make and to define focal distance f g ' based on the intersection point Q ' of two light at the center of passing through lens unit LA3 and LA3 ' for being arranged near the axis of reference o lens unit LA3 and LA3 '.
Figure 26 illustrates the example of the beam condenser that constitutes of parabolic mirror (object lens) 402a that uses by replacing elliptical reflector (oval shape mirror) and positive lens 420.From the light beam polished object face catoptron 402a reflection of light source 401, thereby become parallel beam, enter positive lens 420 then.
If the focus of positive lens 420 is consistent with the second focus P2 shown in Figure 22,23, the light beam that then passes positive lens 420 accumulates on the second focus P2.Thus, can obtain to be similar to effect described above.
In this case, the focal length of the beam condenser of being made up of parabolic mirror 402a and positive lens 420 is corresponding to the focal distance f of positive lens 420
20
On the other hand, if beam condenser is as shown in figure 27 by the constituting of parabolic mirror 402b and positive lens 420b, then the focal length of beam condenser can be as giving a definition.
In this case, the focal length of beam condenser can be by thinking that the lens with focal distance f p are arranged on the summit T1 of parabolic mirror 402b, and positive lens 420b (its focal length is f
20) and summit T1 between at interval air define apart from d.
Replacedly, beam condenser can be made of elliptical reflector and convergent lens.
Embodiment 8
The use that Figure 28,29 illustrates embodiment 8 comprises the configuration of projector of the optical system that is used for image projection of lamp optical system.Figure 28 illustrates first cross section (or XZ cross section), and Figure 29 illustrates second cross section (or YZ cross section).
The difference of embodiment 7 shown in this embodiment and Figure 22 and 23 only is that the negative lens 423 with rotation symmetric shape is arranged between the elliptical reflector 421 and first lens arra 424, and other configuration is identical with embodiment 7.
In Figure 28 and 29, be marked with identical Reference numeral with Figure 22 and 23 components identical.
In these figure, Reference numeral 401 expression light sources, 421 expression elliptical reflectors, 423 expression negative lenses, 424 expressions, first lens arra, 425 expressions, second lens arra.405 expression polarization conversion devices, 406 expression collector lenses, 407 expression polarization beam apparatus (PBS), 408 expression catoptric imaging elements, 409 expression projecting lens, 410 expression phase plates.
In Figure 28 and 29, the some P2 ' of the virtual image that is formed light source 401 by elliptical reflector 421 and negative lens 423 is corresponding to the second focus P2 shown in Figure 22 and 23.
Therefore, in this embodiment, some P2 ' can think the second focus P2 in Figure 22 and 23 basically.
In this embodiment, the luminous point of light source 401 is arranged on the first focus P1 of elliptical reflector 421, accumulates in the second focus P2 of elliptical reflector 421 from the light beam of light source 401.Elliptical reflector 421 constitutes beam condenser.
Distance from the summit T of elliptical reflector 421 to its second focus P2 is corresponding to the focal distance f p of beam condenser.
The negative refractive power that is arranged on the negative lens 423 between the elliptical reflector 421 and the second focus P2 makes light beam form the image of second focus (being object point) P2 at a P2 '.Light beam is dispersed from a P2 ' and is opened.
The light incident side surface of first lens arra 424 has the lenticular array shape that has positive refractive power in first (XZ) cross section shown in Figure 28.The light incident side surface does not have step (step) between lens unit, these are different with first lens arra shown in Figure 26.But the focal length of the positive lens in this lens arra can be according to calculating with the similar mode of using Figure 26 to describe.
If the focal length of first lens arra 424 that obtains from above-mentioned shape is fx, then in this (XZ) cross section, make beam collimation at a distance of first lens arra 424 of fx with a P2 '.
Therefore, the negative lens 423 and first lens arra 424 are formed in the collimating apparatus in first (XZ) cross section.
The focal length of this collimating apparatus in first (XZ) cross section determined by the focal distance f 23 of negative lens 423 and the focal distance f x1 of first lens arra 424.
In first cross section shown in Figure 28, if air conversion distance definition is the distance L 1 from principal plane position negative lens 423, lens arra one side to the surface of first lens arra 424, then the synthetic focal length of the negative lens 423 and first lens arra 424 is expressed as:
fx＝1/(1/f23+1/fx1-L1/f23/f1)
The exiting side surface of second lens arra 425 has the lenticular array shape that has positive refractive power in second (YZ) cross section shown in Figure 29.
If the focal length of second lens arra 425 that obtains from above-mentioned shape is fy1, then in this (YZ) cross section, make beam collimation apart from second lens arra 425 of fy at a distance of the air conversion with a P2 '.
Therefore, the negative lens 423 and second lens arra 425 are formed in the collimating apparatus in second (YZ) cross section.
The focal length of this collimating apparatus in second (YZ) cross section determined by the focal distance f y1 of each in the focal distance f 23 of negative lens 423 and first and second lens arras 424 and 425.
In second cross section shown in Figure 29, if the distance definition from principal plane position negative lens 423, lens arra one side to the surface of second lens arra 425 is L2, then the synthetic focal length of the negative lens 423 and second lens arra 425 is expressed as:
fy＝1/(1/f23+1/fy1-L2/f23/fy1)
In this case, the collimation of first in first cross section shown in Figure 28 magnification HX is expressed as:
HX＝|fx/fp|
Similarly, the collimation of second in second cross section shown in Figure 29 magnification HY is expressed as:
HY＝|fy/fp|
In Figure 28 and 29, second lens arra, 425 to the first lens arras 424 are further from the second focus P2, thereby:
|fy|＞|fx|
Thus,
HY＞HX
Therefore, be compressed with the different compressibilitys in first and second cross sections from the light beam of beam condenser, and be converted to the light beam that in these cross sections, has different in width (or diameter) thus.
For example, if f23=-50mm, fx=150mm, L1=50mm, fy=200mm, L2=100mm, then fx and fy are as follows:
fx＝-150mm
fy＝-200mm。
Therefore,
HX/HY＝|fx/fy|＝0.75
The improvement example of embodiment 8
Figure 30 and 31 illustrates the improvement example of the embodiment 8 shown in Figure 28 and 29.
In these figure, Reference numeral 401 expression light sources, 421a represents elliptical reflector, and 423a represents to have the negative lens of rotation symmetric shape, and 424a represents first lens arra, and 425a represents second lens arra.405 expression polarization conversion devices, 406 expression collector lenses, 407 expression polarization beam apparatus (PBS), 408 expression catoptric imaging elements, 409 expression projecting lens.
In Figure 30, light source 401 is arranged on the first focus P1 of elliptical reflector 421a, accumulates in the second focus P2 of elliptical reflector 421a from the light beam of light source 401.Elliptical reflector 421a constitutes beam condenser.
Distance from the summit T of elliptical reflector 421a to its second focus P2 is corresponding to the focal distance f p of beam condenser.
The negative refractive power that is arranged on the negative lens 423a between the elliptical reflector 421a and the second focus P2 makes beam collimation.
In first cross section shown in Figure 30, the first lens arra 424a and the second lens arra 425a do not have refractive power.That is to say that lens unit evenly is arranged among lens arra 424a and the 425a.Therefore, negative lens 423a constitutes the collimating apparatus in first (XZ) cross section.
In second (YZ) cross section shown in Figure 31, the first lens arra 424a has the lenticular array shape of negative refractive power, and the second lens arra 425a has the lenticular array shape of positive refractive power.
If from first and second lens arra 424a of above-mentioned shape acquisition and the focal length of 425a is fy1 and fy2, then the first and second lens arra 424a and 425a are arranged so that their focus corresponding to focal distance f y1 and fy2 overlaps at a R1.Thus, light beam is dispersed by the first lens arra 424a, is collimated once more in second cross section by the second lens arra 425a then.
Therefore, negative lens 423a and first, second lens arra 424a, 425a are formed in the collimating apparatus in second cross section.
The focal distance f x of this collimating apparatus and fy are determined by the focal distance f 23 of negative lens 423a and focal distance f y1, the fy2 of first, second lens arra 424a, 425a.
In first cross section shown in Figure 30, the focal distance f x of collimating apparatus is identical with the focal length of negative lens 423a, i.e. fx=f23.
In second cross section shown in Figure 31, if the focal length of the first lens arra 424a is fy1, the focal length of the second lens arra 425a is fy2, and then the focal distance f y of the collimating apparatus that obtains from the synthetic focal length of three optical element 423a, 424a, 425a is:
fy＝f23×|fy2/fy1|。
In this case, the collimation of first in first cross section shown in Figure 30 magnification HX is expressed as:
HX＝|fx/fp|。
Similarly, the collimation of second in second cross section shown in Figure 31 magnification HY is expressed as:
HY＝|fy/fp|。
Shown in Figure 31 | fy2|＞| fy1|, thereby:
|fy|＞|fx|，
Thus,
HY＞HX。
Therefore, be compressed with the different compressibilitys in first and second cross sections from the light beam of beam condenser 421a, and be converted to the light beam that in these cross sections, has different in width (diameter) thus.
Embodiment 9
Figure 32 and 33 illustrates the configuration of the projector of the optical system that is used for image projection that comprises lamp optical system of using embodiment 9.Figure 32 illustrates first cross section (or XZ cross section), and Figure 33 illustrates second cross section (or YZ cross section).
In Figure 32 and 33, be marked with identical Reference numeral with Figure 22 and 23 components identical.
In these figure, Reference numeral 401 expression light sources, 432 expression elliptical reflectors, 433 expressions, first lens arra, 434 expressions, second lens arra.405 expression polarization conversion devices, 406 expression collector lenses, 407 expression polarization beam apparatus (PBS), 408 expression catoptric imaging elements, 409 expression projecting lens, 410 expression phase plates.
Dotted line o represents the axis of reference (or optical axis) of lamp optical system, itself and the rotation axes of symmetry of elliptical reflector 432 and the optical axis coincidence of collector lens 406.But these axles are not to overlap each other.
In this embodiment, light source 401 is arranged on the first focus P1 of elliptical reflector 432, accumulates in the second focus P2 of elliptical reflector 432 from the light beam of light source 401.Elliptical reflector 432 constitutes beam condenser.
Distance from the summit T of elliptical reflector 432 to its second focus P2 is corresponding to the focal distance f p of beam condenser.
The light incident side surface of second lens arra 434 has the cylindrical shape that has negative refractive power in first (XZ) cross section shown in Figure 32.
If the focal length of second lens arra 434 that obtains from above-mentioned shape is fx, then in this (XZ) cross section, make beam collimation at a distance of second lens arra 434 of fx with the second focus P2.
Therefore, second lens arra 434 is formed in the collimating apparatus in first (XZ) cross section.
The exiting side surface of first lens arra 433 has the cylindrical shape that has negative refractive power in second (YZ) cross section shown in Figure 33.
If the focal length of first lens arra 433 that obtains from above-mentioned shape is fy, then in this second cross section, make beam collimation apart from first lens arra 433 of fy at a distance of the air conversion with the second focus P2.
Therefore, first lens arra 433 is formed in the collimating apparatus in second (YZ) cross section.
In this case, the collimation of first in first cross section shown in Figure 32 magnification HX is expressed as:
HX＝|fx/fp|。
Similarly, the collimation of second in second cross section shown in Figure 33 magnification HY is expressed as:
HY＝|fy/fp|。
In Figure 32 and 33, first lens arra 433 is arranged on than the position of second lens arra 434 further from the second focus P2, thereby:
|fy|＞|fx|，
Thus,
HY＞HX。
Work as fp=200mm, fx=90mm, during fy=150mm,
HX＝0.45
HY=0.75, and
HX/HY＝0.6。
Thus, be compressed with different compressibilitys in first and second cross sections from the light beam of beam condenser, and be converted to the light beam that in these cross sections, has different in width (diameter) thus.
Figure 34 illustrates the projector that uses three catoptric imaging elements and a lamp optical system of describing in embodiment 7 to 9.
The projector of this embodiment is the projector of three board types as shown in figure 34, and wherein color separation element 501 is arranged between polarization beam apparatus 471 and 472, and color combination element 502 is arranged between polarization beam apparatus 471,472 and the projecting lens 409.
In Figure 34, be marked with identical Reference numeral with components identical in Figure 22 and 23.
In Figure 34, Reference numeral 503,504,505 represents to be used for the catoptric imaging element of green (G), red (R) and blue (B) respectively.Reference numeral 506,507,508 expressions are used for the half-phase bit slice of G, R, B.Reference numeral 471 expressions are used for the polarization beam apparatus of G, and 472 expressions are used for the polarization beam apparatus of R and B.Reference numeral 509 expression look selectivity polarizers.
Can use the transmission imaging element to replace the catoptric imaging element.Under the situation of using the transmission imaging element, that less direction of width of light beam ratio is used for relatively low contrast one side of this image-forming component in preferred two orthogonal cross-wise direction.
In each of embodiment 7 to 9, when calculating the compressibility of light beam, preferably the beam collimation device is considered as no matter how direction all has constant focal length, and the optical system from catoptron to the optical element with common (common) positive refractive power can be regarded as the light beam compressibility.
Figure 35 and 36 illustrates that (fx, toric lens TL fy) assembles by have different positive refractive powers in XZ cross section and YZ cross section from the light beam of parabolic mirror RF.
Figure 37 and 38 is illustrated in the refracting power configuration of the optical system shown in Figure 35 and 36.
In this optical system, shown in Figure 37 and 38, can think in XZ and YZ cross section the focal length (fy) of weak positive refractive power one side as common focal length, and the focal length (fx) of strong positive refractive power one side does not form in XZ cross section shown in Figure 37 therebetween by there being the compartment of terrain that the positive lens that positive lens that focal length is fy and focal length be fx ' is set.
If by thinking that focal distance f x ' is that the part of collimating apparatus is calculated synthetic focal length, the condition among then above-mentioned each embodiment is all applicable to this situation.
When using high-intensity light source, because heat problem, the size of catoptron can not reduce.Therefore, when for example working strength when to be higher than 30 watts lamp and diagonal-size be 1 inch or littler small-sized image-forming component, it is very effective to increasing the light service efficiency to dwindle width of light beam.In this case, preferably collimating magnification HY meets the following conditions:
HY＜1
According to the various embodiments described above, can realize optical system and the image projection device that comprises this optical system with the bright image of high-contrast projection.
Figure 40 A and 40B illustrate the optical system that is used for image projection of the embodiment of the invention 12.This embodiment illustrates from the extended configuration of the diameter of the light beam of light source or catoptron (or width).This configuration is especially very effective for the very little situation of the external diameter of light source or catoptron.
Although can use the light source of high-pressure mercury-vapor lamp as this embodiment, miniature light sources such as xenon lamp and LASER Light Source are specially adapted to this embodiment.Specifically, this embodiment is applicable to that the size in laser generation zone of the external diameter of catoptron or LASER Light Source is less than the situation of the size of the effective coverage (or image display area) of image-forming component.In addition, this embodiment size of being specially adapted to the external diameter of catoptron or laser generation zone is equal to or less than half situation of the effective coverage size of image-forming component.
Figure 40 A illustrates the XZ cross section of the minor face that is parallel to liquid crystal board (or image-displaying member or image-forming component), and the rate of spread (or conversion ratio) of light beam is less than the rate of spread in the YZ cross section of describing in the back in this XZ cross section.Figure 40 B illustrates the YZ cross section on the long limit that is parallel to liquid crystal board, and the rate of spread (or conversion ratio) of light beam is greater than the rate of spread in the XZ cross section in this YZ cross section.
The light source (or luminous point) of Reference numeral 1001 expression radial emission light beams.Reference numeral 1002 expressions are the parabolic mirror (paraboloidal mirror) of parallel beam with the Beam Transformation that light source 1001 penetrates.Reference numeral 1003 expressions will be the concavees lens (or first optical element) of divergent beams from the Beam Transformation of parabolic mirror 1002.Can use elliptical reflector to replace parabolic mirror 1002, and the position between light source 1001 and the catoptron 1002 relation can be arranged so that by these catoptron 1002 beam reflected and become divergent beams.
In the XZ cross section shown in Figure 40 A, first lens arra that Reference numeral 1004 expressions are made up of a plurality of micro lens unit (or a plurality of miniature cylinder lens unit).First lens arra 1004 makes divergent beams collimation (be about to these divergent beams and be converted to parallel beam), and it is divided into a plurality of light beams.Second lens arra of the polarization conversion device array 1006 of back is made of and a plurality of light beams that separate is introduced in Reference numeral 1005 expressions a plurality of micro lens unit.
Reference numeral 1007 expression collector lenses, 1008 expression polarization beam apparatus, 1009 expressions, 1/4th phase-plates, 1010 expression liquid crystal boards, 1011 expression projecting lens.The function of these elements is identical with the foregoing description, and therefore the descriptions thereof are omitted.
In the YZ cross section shown in Figure 40 B, first lens arra that Reference numeral 1004 expressions are formed and divergent beams are not penetrated with changing by a plurality of micro lens unit.That is to say that 1004 pairs of light beams of first lens arra do not collimate effect.First lens arra 1004 is divided into a plurality of light beams with divergent beams.
Second lens arra that Reference numeral 1005 expressions are made up of a plurality of micro lens unit.Second lens arra 1005 makes divergent beams collimation (be about to these divergent beams and be converted to parallel beam), and is introduced into the polarization conversion device array 1006 of back.Components identical in the XZ cross section shown in Reference numeral 1007 to 1011 expressions and Figure 40 A, therefore the descriptions thereof are omitted.
In this embodiment, the light beam on the plate surface angle in the YZ cross section (or second cross section) on the long limit that is parallel to liquid crystal board 1010 shown in Figure 40 B that enters liquid crystal board 1010 distributes and distributes greater than the angle in its XZ cross section at the minor face that is parallel to liquid crystal board 1010 shown in Figure 40 A (or first cross section).
This embodiment has collimating apparatus (or the second and the 3rd optical element) 1004,1005, in other words be the expanding system between light source 1001 and the polarization beam apparatus 1008, this collimating apparatus is extensible beam in orthogonal first (XZ) and second (YZ) cross section in lamp optical system respectively.The rate of spread that obtains in first cross section by collimating apparatus 1004 (or collimation magnification) and the rate of spread that obtains in second cross section by collimating apparatus 1005 are different.
The expansion of light beam is to increase the diameter (in other words being width) of these light beams, made the optical effect of this beam collimation by collimating apparatus 1004 or 1005 then by beam divergence device (or concavees lens) 1003.
The rate of spread be defined as the beam diameter L (being Lx the XZ cross section, is Ly in the YZ cross section) that is right after the position after collimating apparatus 1004 or 1005 penetrates with by the ratio L/Lr of the beam diameter Lr before 1003 expansions of beam divergence device.
The rate of spread in first cross section is α, and the rate of spread in second cross section is when being β,
α＝Lx/Lr
β＝Ly/Lr，
Wherein,
α≠β
α＜1，β＜1
α＜β
α/β＜1
That is to say that the rate of spread α in first cross section shown in Figure 40 A is less than the rate of spread β in second cross section shown in Figure 40 B.
For example, work as Lr=30mm, Lx=12mm, and during Ly=18mm,
α＝0.4
β＝0.6
α/β＝0.67。
Figure 41 and 42 illustrates the XZ cross section and the YZ cross section of the optical system that is used for image projection that comprises lamp optical system of embodiment 13.
In these figure, Reference numeral 701 expression light source cells, 703 expressions, first lens arra, 704 expressions, second lens arra.Reference numeral 705 expression polarization conversion devices, 706 expression collector lenses, 707 expression polarization beam apparatus (PBS), 708 expression reflective liquid crystal plates (or catoptric imaging element), 709 expression projecting lens, 710 expression phase plates.
Dotted line o represents the axis of reference (or optical axis) of lamp optical system, itself and the rotation axes of symmetry of elliptical reflector 713 and the optical axis coincidence of collector lens 706.But, these axles and nonessential coincidence each other.
If the focal length that obtains from above-mentioned shape is fx, the focus place that then focus of this shape is arranged on basically concavees lens 715 will make light beam collimate in this (XZ) cross section.
The light of representing with thick dashed line in Figure 41 is also collimated through the center of each lens arra.Represent that since the fine line shown in first lens arra 703 a plurality of light beams that separated by first lens arra 703 are overlapping on reflective liquid crystal plate 708.That is to say that first lens arra 703 is the collimating apparatuss in the XZ cross section.
If the focal length that obtains from above-mentioned shape is fy, the focus place that then focus of this shape is arranged on basically concavees lens 715 will make light beam collimate in this (YZ) cross section.That is to say that second lens arra 704 is the collimating apparatuss in the YZ cross section.
Be arranged on than first lens arra 703 on the position of concavees lens 715 according to Figure 41 and 42, the second lens arras 704, thereby fx and fy satisfy following relation:
|fy|＜|fx|。
Therefore, be converted into the light beam that in XZ and YZ cross section, has different in width (diameter) from light beam as the parabolic mirror 713 of beam condenser.
In this embodiment, polarization conversion device 705 is configured so that to arrange a plurality of polarization conversion device parts on second cross-wise direction of width of light beam broad.Polarization beam apparatus 707 is configured to polarization beam splitting surface folded light beam on the direction in the first narrower cross section of width of light beam.This makes and can improve contrast and can not reduce brightness.
Although Figure 41 and 42 first and second lens arras 703,704 are shown each on another surface, have the situation of lenticular array shape having cylindrical shape on the one surface, cylindrical shape and lenticular array shape can integrally be arranged on the same surface mutually.
Figure 43 illustrates the light source cell that is used in the lamp optical system of the optical system that is used for image projection of embodiment 14.
When only using a light source 721, light quantity may be not enough, the therefore preferred light source cell 731 that uses wherein a plurality of light source cells 721 to arrange as shown in figure 44.
Figure 45 and 46 illustrates the XZ cross section and the YZ cross section of the optical system that is used for image projection that comprises the lamp optical system of using light source cell 731 shown in Figure 44.In Figure 45 and 46, be marked with identical Reference numeral with embodiment 13 components identical, and the descriptions thereof are omitted.
As the light source of the optical system that is used for this embodiment, can use the discharge tube that does not have electrode.
Figure 47 illustrates another light source cell that is used in the lamp optical system of the optical system that is used for image projection of embodiment 15.
In this embodiment, can get together, introduce unshowned lamp optical system as divergent beams then from the lens arra 843 that the parallel beam of a plurality of light sources 842 is had respectively corresponding to a plurality of lens units of these a plurality of light sources 842.This light beam is represented by fine line.
In addition, the invention is not restricted to these preferred embodiments, can make various changes and modification without departing from the scope of the invention.
The application requires the foreign priority of Japanese patent application No.2007-120515 that submits in the Japanese patent application No.2006-160000 that submits to based on June 8th, 2006, on May 1st, 2007 and the Japanese patent application No.2007-150814 that submitted on June 6th, 2007, the full text of each is herein incorporated with them by reference, just as intactly having stated at this.
Claims (11)
1. optical system that is used for image projection comprises:
Lamp optical system, it will introduce image-forming component by the optical surface with beam split function from the light beam of light emitted; And
Projection optical system, its light beam projecting that will introduce by described optical surface from this image-forming component to projection surface,
Wherein said lamp optical system comprises converting system, and this converting system is converted to the width that is different from the width of light beam before entering this converting system respectively with the width of light beam in orthogonal first cross section and second cross section, and
Conversion ratio in first cross section and the conversion ratio in second cross section are different.
2. optical system according to claim 1, wherein
Described lamp optical system comprises polarization conversion device, is used for nonpolarized light is converted to linearly polarized photon, and
Described converting system is arranged between described light source and the described polarization conversion device.
3. optical system according to claim 1, wherein
Described first cross section is parallel to the normal of the incidence surface of the normal of described optical surface and described image-forming component, and described second cross section is perpendicular to first cross section, and
Described conversion ratio meets the following conditions:
α/β＜1
Wherein α is illustrated in the conversion ratio in first cross section, and β is illustrated in the conversion ratio in second cross section.
4, optical system according to claim 1, wherein
Described converting system is a compressibility, and it is the width of compression light beam in first and second cross sections respectively.
5. optical system according to claim 4, wherein
Described compressibility comprises in order from light source one side: have first and second cross sections in first optical element of identical positive refractive power, the cross section in first and second cross sections and have the 3rd optical element that has second negative refractive power that is different from first negative refractive power in second optical element of first negative refractive power and another cross section in first and second cross sections.
6. optical system according to claim 4, wherein
Described compressibility comprises in order from light source one side: have first positive refractive power and have first optical element of second positive refractive power that is different from first positive refractive power in second cross section, have first negative refractive power and have second optical element of second negative refractive power that is different from first negative refractive power in first cross section in second cross section first cross section.
7. optical system according to claim 4, wherein
Described compressibility comprises in order from light source one side: have first and second cross sections in first optical element of identical positive refractive power, the cross section in first and second cross sections and have the 3rd optical element that has second positive refractive power that is different from first positive refractive power in second optical element of first positive refractive power and another cross section in first and second cross sections.
8. optical system according to claim 4, wherein
Described compressibility comprises in order from light source one side: have first and second cross sections in first optical element of identical negative refractive power, the cross section in first and second cross sections and have the 3rd optical element that has second positive refractive power that is different from first positive refractive power in second optical element of first positive refractive power and another cross section in first and second cross sections.
9. optical system according to claim 1, wherein
Described converting system is the expanding system of the width of difference extensible beam in first and second cross sections.
10. optical system according to claim 9, wherein
Described expanding system comprises in order from light source one side: have first and second cross sections in first optical element of identical negative refractive power, the cross section in first and second cross sections and have the 3rd optical element that has second positive refractive power that is different from first positive refractive power in second optical element of first positive refractive power and another cross section in first and second cross sections.
11. image projection device that comprises optical system according to claim 1.
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| CN201110295775.2A CN102360124B (en) | 2006-06-08 | 2007-06-08 | Optical system for image projection, and image projection apparatus |
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| JP2007120515 | 2007-05-01 | ||
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| JP2007-150814 | 2007-06-06 | ||
| JP2007150814 | 2007-06-06 | ||
| JP2007150814A JP5361145B2 (en) | 2006-06-08 | 2007-06-06 | Illumination optical system, image projection optical system, and image projection apparatus |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP5361145B2 (en) | 2013-12-04 |
| JP2008299298A (en) | 2008-12-11 |
| CN102360124B (en) | 2017-04-12 |
| CN102360124A (en) | 2012-02-22 |
| CN101086557B (en) | 2011-11-23 |
| JP2012212144A (en) | 2012-11-01 |
| JP5393839B2 (en) | 2014-01-22 |
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