CN101084734A - Emasculation method for compositae plants - Google Patents
Emasculation method for compositae plants Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101084734A CN101084734A CN 200710011999 CN200710011999A CN101084734A CN 101084734 A CN101084734 A CN 101084734A CN 200710011999 CN200710011999 CN 200710011999 CN 200710011999 A CN200710011999 A CN 200710011999A CN 101084734 A CN101084734 A CN 101084734A
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- Prior art keywords
- corolla
- lactuca
- breeding
- compositae
- calyx
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 241000208838 Asteraceae Species 0.000 title abstract 4
- 241000208822 Lactuca Species 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 241001573881 Corolla Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000003976 plant breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 241001164374 Calyx Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 240000001949 Taraxacum officinale Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000005187 Taraxacum officinale ssp. officinale Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 244000113428 Sonchus oleraceus Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000006745 Sonchus oleraceus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000008495 Chrysanthemum leucanthemum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000192528 Chrysanthemum parthenium Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000000604 Chrysanthemum parthenium Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000008384 feverfew Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 241000245665 Taraxacum Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008774 maternal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000488874 Sonchus Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241000723343 Cichorium Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000007542 Cichorium intybus Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000003228 Lactuca sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 240000006740 Cichorium endivia Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000003733 chicria Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000904014 Pappus Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000111146 Sonchus arvensis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000006731 Sonchus arvensis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009402 cross-breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001672 ovary Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000131317 Capitulum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000219833 Phaseolus Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010036590 Premature baby Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005489 dwarf bean Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000646 gametocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010196 hermaphroditism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008775 paternal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001766 physiological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021251 pulses Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
A method for detasseling Compositae plants is characterized in adopting artificial detasseling through cutting corolla in plant breeding of Lactuca, Sonchus, and Taraxacum of Compositae. the method comprises cutting maternal calyces to remove corolla in early morning before florescence without injuring calyces, after 1 h, pistil grows out new thrumb, chapiter and petal, when the chapiter grows to Y shape, pollinating with male parent through cap bag at once to perform intergeneric crossing. Compared with present technology, the invention creates conditions for hybridization breeding of Lactuca, Sonchus, and taraxacum of Compositae due to the regrowth vigor and recuperability of their corolla, thrumb, and chapiter, and promotes the development of conventional breeding technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the breeding method of a kind of feverfew, particularly relate to a kind of employing and cut the emasculating method of the composite family Lactuca of hat emasculation technique, hare's-lettuce genus, Dandelion plant breeding, belong to the method or the equipment technical field of the A01H1/02 hybridization in the International Classification of Patents.
Background technology
In producing the process of crossbreed, castration is an essential step wherein, and the method for castration is a lot, as folder remove the stamen method, peel off the corolla method, lukewarm water kills male method, hot gas kills male method, chemical agent kills male method and straw is cut male method etc.Various crops are because of the structure difference of flower, and emasculating method is also often different, and what often use in the cereal crop hybridization is the clever castration method of branch, cut methods such as clever castration method and bagging castration method.For example, publication number is that the Chinese invention patent application of CN1799334 has just provided " a kind of paddy rice cross breeding method of glume-cutting, anther-cutting, male-killing ", the concrete steps of this method are: with sexual hybridization between the rice varieties, to hybridize maternal clever flower shears of not blooming before blooming noon before that day to the same day and remove 1/4-2/5, both broken flower pesticide, do not damage column cap again, and spray clear water immediately, reach gametocidal effect; Before the pollination, the spike of rice behind the glume-cutting, anther-cutting, male-killing is trembled bullet, the flower pesticide during grain husk is spent ejects outside the clever shell, and bagging is then invested paternal pollen in the grain husk of cutting behind the grain husk spends, and obtains paddy rice sexual hybridization seed at last.But in the famous kind of some pulse families and composite family, their filigree often with around the style is connected, forms a tubular body, therefore, when this is castrated operation, must be quite skillfully with carefully, otherwise will damage colored female part.What is more is some kinds (as French bean and sarment Kidney bean) of Phaseolus, and the style of their gynoeciums is being twined as spring by the stamen sheath, brings bigger difficulty to artificial emasculation.In addition, be similar to the plant of Lactuca, their flower is very little, also is difficult to carry out artificial emasculation, more inconveniently operates in a large number.At present, do not find in the breeding of feverfew, to adopt the report of the artificial emasculation method of cutting clever emasculation technique as yet, the Lactuca of particularly not finding as yet composite family, hare's-lettuce belong to, adopt the report of the artificial emasculation method of cutting clever emasculation technique in some plant breeding of Dandelion, with Lactuca, the hare's-lettuce that causes the those skilled in the art not consider substantially to adopt to cut clever emasculation technique to go to finish composite family belong to, the castration operation of some plant breeding of Dandelion.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just is to overcome the prior art above shortcomings, and the emasculating method of a kind of new feverfew is provided, this emasculating method system is artificial to adopt and cuts that Lactuca, the hare's-lettuce that the hat emasculation technique goes to finish composite family belongs to, the castration operation of some plant breeding of Dandelion.
The feverfew majority is a draft, and minority is shrub or arbor, gives birth between the many alternates of leaf or to living or spore; Single leaf or compound leaf do not have petiole, no stipule; Hermaphrodite flower, unisexual flower or neuter flower, capitulum, the synthetic epicalyx of the most bracts of outer tool.Give birth on the calyx, often there are pappus or scale in edge portion.Corolla is a tubular, or the gamopetalous corolla of ligule, and five pieces or four pieces on stamen the inner face of living corolla tubular and the sliver alternate of corolla, be synantherous stamen, ovary is the next, and a Room contains a pearl anatropous ovule, style two forks, column cap is positioned at the inboard of branch, and fruit is an achene, contains an exalbuminous seed.The inventor finds that the Lactuca of composite family (Compoitae), hare's-lettuce belong to, some physilogical characteristics of Dandelion plant in real work for many years, inequality with other section's vegetative pole, some layer of feverfew, after the castration, gynoecium has regeneration capacity, very fast reinstatement grows complete gynoecium again after the castration, the fertility of being pollinated.The inventor is according to these physilogical characteristics, and Lactuca, the hare's-lettuce that is applied to composite family belongs to, in the Dandelion plant traditional breeding method, improved the deficiency of conventional hybridization breeding technique.
The technical solution that the present invention provides is: the emasculating method of this feverfew is characterized in adopting in composite family Lactuca, hare's-lettuce genus, Dandelion plant breeding and manually cuts hat castration, i.e. early morning, when not blooming, place, calyx top at female parent shears, and corolla is cut, and can not hinder calyx, after treating 1 hour, gynoecium grows new filigree, column cap and petal again, and restores to the original state, when column cap becomes " Y " shape, be pollinated with the male parent bagging at once, carry out intergeneric cross.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is: owing to utilized composite family Lactuca, hare's-lettuce genus, the corolla of Dandelion plant, filigree, column cap to have regeneration power and this physiological property of restoring force, cut and to restore to the original state naturally after hat is castrated, recover pollination ability and fertility, thereby create conditions for composite family Lactuca, hare's-lettuce belong to, the intergeneric cross breeding of Dandelion plant is succeedd, developed traditional breeding method.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is that cutting in the breeding of composite family Lactuca plant hybridization is preced with the emasculating method schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment concrete technical scheme of the present invention is described further:
As shown in the figure, for the hat cut in the breeding of composite family Lactuca plant hybridization is castrated operation, wherein in the lettuce: 1. ovary, 2. ovule, 3. calyx, 4. pappus, 5. filigree, 6. corolla, 7. style, 8. flower pesticide, 9. column cap, 10. scissors mouth.Early morning, when female parent is not bloomed, scissors mouth 10 places at calyx 3 tops of female parent shear, and corolla 6 is cut, and can not hinder calyx 3, after treating 1 hour, gynoecium grows new filigree 5, column cap 9 and petal again, and restores to the original state, when 9 one-tenth on column cap " Y " shape, be pollinated with the male parent bagging at once, promptly finish and cut hat castration operation.
The breeding of composite family Lactuca plant hybridization:
XXXX digs the rhizome of wild endive (male parent) spring from the field, select sturdy rhizome, be planted in the experimental field, for regulating the florescence, the period in the Spring Equinox in 1 year will be in the experimental field the wild endive covering with plastic film, promote the wild endive early growth and quick tiller, the straight tube of sowing mid-April in the same year lettuce (female parent), spacing in the rows 40cm, father and mother are originally on same ridge, row spacing 60cm, so that hybridization operation, wherein corn sow thistle (male parent) flowering stage: early July is to the end of month; Straight tube lettuce (female parent) flowering stage: at 7 the end of month of first arrival in June, flowering time is that the morning 7 was up to 15 o'clock.Before 7 o'clock early mornings, when female parent is not bloomed, shear at the knife-edge part of cutting at the calyx top of female parent, corolla is cut, can not hinder calyx, after treating 1 hour, gynoecium grows new filigree, column cap and petal again, and restores to the original state, when column cap becomes " Y " shape, be pollinated with the male parent bagging at once, carry out intergeneric cross and the selfing of two generations, select a kind of suitable growth, be convenient to artificial cultivation, output is high and has the novel corn sow thistle kind of purple blade.
The breeding of composite family Dandelion plant hybridization:
XXXX digs the rhizome of wild dandelion (male parent) spring from the field, select sturdy rhizome, be planted in the experimental field, for regulating the florescence, the period in the Spring Equinox in 1 year will be in the experimental field wild dandelion covering with plastic film, promote wild dandelion early growth and quick tiller, sow purple chicory (female parent) mid-April in the same year, spacing in the rows 40cm, father and mother are originally on same ridge, row spacing 60cm, so that the hybridization operation, wherein dandelion (male parent) is the phase of blossoming and having seeds early summer; Bloom 24 ℃ of temperature of purple chicory (female parent).About one month flowering stage, flowering time is that the morning 7 was up to 15 o'clock.Before 7 o'clock early mornings, when female parent is not bloomed, shear at the knife-edge part of cutting at the calyx top of female parent, corolla is cut, can not hinder calyx, after treating 1 hour, gynoecium grows new filigree, column cap and petal again, and restores to the original state, when column cap becomes " Y " shape, be pollinated with the male parent bagging at once, carry out intergeneric cross and the selfing of two generations, select a kind of suitable growth, be convenient to artificial cultivation, output is high and has the novel dandelion kind of purple blade.
Backcross:
For trying material: U.S. big lettuce (female parent), purple chicory (male parent), the castration time: early during 6-7, shear, corolla is cut at the knife-edge part of cutting at the calyx top of female parent, kill stamen, can not hinder calyx, the prematurity still of pollen this moment destroys flower pesticide, lose autophilous function, be forced to its flower pollination, be pollinated with the purple chicory bagging, treat 1 hour after, gynoecium grows new filigree, column cap and petal again, and restore to the original state, when column cap becomes " Y " shape, be pollinated with the male parent bagging at once, new seed is born in fertilization, and is identical with the plant that quadrature is produced.
Claims (1)
1. the emasculating method of a feverfew is characterized in that adopting in composite family Lactuca, hare's-lettuce genus, Dandelion plant breeding and manually cuts hat castration, i.e. early morning, when not blooming, place, calyx top at female parent shears, and corolla is cut, and can not hinder calyx, after treating 1 hour, gynoecium grows new filigree, column cap and petal again, and restores to the original state, when column cap becomes " Y " shape, be pollinated with the male parent bagging at once, carry out intergeneric cross.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200710011999 CN101084734A (en) | 2007-07-06 | 2007-07-06 | Emasculation method for compositae plants |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200710011999 CN101084734A (en) | 2007-07-06 | 2007-07-06 | Emasculation method for compositae plants |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101084734A true CN101084734A (en) | 2007-12-12 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200710011999 Pending CN101084734A (en) | 2007-07-06 | 2007-07-06 | Emasculation method for compositae plants |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101084734A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101803562A (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2010-08-18 | 兰州大学 | Method for artificial crossing of jerusalem artichoke |
| CN103651150A (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2014-03-26 | 尚春生 | Novel-variety vegetable chrysanthemum feast with high protein and no vermin |
| CN105210847A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2016-01-06 | 吴光平 | The emasculating method of a kind of feverfew |
| CN107711495A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-02-23 | 鲁东大学 | Method for preventing self-crossing and improving cross pollination hybridization rate of chicory by artificial emasculation |
-
2007
- 2007-07-06 CN CN 200710011999 patent/CN101084734A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101803562A (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2010-08-18 | 兰州大学 | Method for artificial crossing of jerusalem artichoke |
| CN101803562B (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2012-07-11 | 兰州大学 | A kind of method of artificial hybridization of Jerusalem artichoke |
| CN103651150A (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2014-03-26 | 尚春生 | Novel-variety vegetable chrysanthemum feast with high protein and no vermin |
| CN105210847A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2016-01-06 | 吴光平 | The emasculating method of a kind of feverfew |
| CN107711495A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-02-23 | 鲁东大学 | Method for preventing self-crossing and improving cross pollination hybridization rate of chicory by artificial emasculation |
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Open date: 20071212 |